CN1106885C - Inhalation of aerosol actives - Google Patents

Inhalation of aerosol actives Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1106885C
CN1106885C CN99810244A CN99810244A CN1106885C CN 1106885 C CN1106885 C CN 1106885C CN 99810244 A CN99810244 A CN 99810244A CN 99810244 A CN99810244 A CN 99810244A CN 1106885 C CN1106885 C CN 1106885C
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
drop
microgranule
charge
electric charge
diameter
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Expired - Fee Related
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CN99810244A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN1317995A (en
Inventor
J·F·胡赫斯
R·T·福克斯
M·N·哈里森
L·F·怀特莫雷
D·R·哈佩尔
K·L·杰林
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OF SONTHAMPTON, University of
Rakit Benkisa (uk) Ltd
Original Assignee
OF SONTHAMPTON, University of
Reckitt and Colman Products Ltd
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Publication of CN1317995A publication Critical patent/CN1317995A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
    • B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
    • B65D83/16—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant characterised by the actuating means
    • B65D83/20—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant characterised by the actuating means operated by manual action, e.g. button-type actuator or actuator caps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/025—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns
    • B05B5/047—Discharge apparatus, e.g. electrostatic spray guns using tribo-charging
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B5/00—Electrostatic spraying apparatus; Spraying apparatus with means for charging the spray electrically; Apparatus for spraying liquids or other fluent materials by other electric means
    • B05B5/16—Arrangements for supplying liquids or other fluent material
    • B05B5/1691—Apparatus to be carried on or by a person or with a container fixed to the discharge device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
    • B05B—SPRAYING APPARATUS; ATOMISING APPARATUS; NOZZLES
    • B05B1/00—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means
    • B05B1/34—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl
    • B05B1/3405—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl
    • B05B1/341—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet
    • B05B1/3421—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber
    • B05B1/3431—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves
    • B05B1/3436—Nozzles, spray heads or other outlets, with or without auxiliary devices such as valves, heating means designed to influence the nature of flow of the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. to produce swirl to produce swirl before discharging the liquid or other fluent material, e.g. in a swirl chamber upstream the spray outlet with channels emerging substantially tangentially in the swirl chamber the channels being formed at the interface of cooperating elements, e.g. by means of grooves the interface being a plane perpendicular to the outlet axis

Abstract

A method of reducing the inhalation of airborne/respirable particles or droplets having a diameter of less than 10 micrometres, produced by spraying liquid droplets from a spray device, which method comprises imparting a unipolar charge to the liquid droplets by double layer charging during the spraying of the droplets from a spray device, the unipolar charge being at a level such that the droplets have a charge to mass ratio of at least +/- 1*10<-4> C/kg, whereby at least 10% by volume of the airborne respirable particles or droplets having a diameter of less than 10 micrometres in the vicinity of the mouth, nose or upper respiratory tract do not enter the lungs.

Description

A kind of airborne/the microgranule that can suck or method of drop suction volume of reducing
Technical field
The present invention relates to the method for a kind of minimizing, particularly reduce method by the suction of the compositions of aerosol spray injection device ejection to the suction that is ejected into airborne compositions.
Background technology
The aerosol injection compositions will produce potential harm to health/breathing owing to people suck the microgranule of ejection or drop.As everyone knows, for example there is the microgranule (being used for defining size less than 10 microns microgranule) of a kind of being called " PM10 " can deeply run to the inside of respiratory tract at this.The drop that specific aerosol spray injection device has the certain diameter scope with generation, but usually in the drop diameter can occupy certain proportion less than 10 microns microgranule.
Summary of the invention
We have developed a kind of method that can reduce the suction of aerosol mixt now.
The invention provides a kind of minimizing diameter is suspended in the air/microgranule that can suck or the inhalation method of drop less than 10 microns; this microgranule produces at the ejection drop by injection apparatus; this method comprises; at microgranule or drop from the process of injection apparatus ejection; give the drop unipolar charge by the bilayer charging; this one pole charging lotus is in such level, and promptly the ratio of the electric charge of drop and quality is at least "+/-1 * 10 -4C/kg ", near mouth, nose and upper respiratory tract organ, volumetrical at least 10% can not enter in the lung in microgranule that diameter can suck in the air less than 10 microns be suspended in or the drop.
Reasonablely be to be delivered to unipolar charge on the liquid drop only by when liquid sprays from injection apparatus, producing by the interaction between liquid in the injection apparatus and the injection apparatus itself.Be more preferably, transmit the mode of unipolar charge even part to drop and do not depend on injection apparatus is connected to any external charge induction installation,, or be connected on internal charge induction installation such as the battery as high-tension relatively external power source.Adopt a kind of like this structure, injection apparatus is fully self-contained, makes it be applicable to industry, public place and home environment.
Reasonable is that injection apparatus can be used as a kind of hand-held domestic pressure injection device that does not have circuit.Usually, the scope of the capacity of this injection apparatus is 10-2000ml, and itself or adopt manually or adopt self actuating mechanism to activate.The normally hand-held aerosol can of most preferred apparatus for household use.
More particularly, by in the following feature of employed aerosol spray injection device at least one selected: the characteristic of the shape and size in the material of actuator, the aperture of actuator, the diameter of dip-tube, valve and the prescription that is contained in the compositions in the aerosol spray injection device, make that the ratio of the electric charge of drop and quality is at least+/-1 * 10 -4C/kg, thereby, from the process of the aperture actual ejection of aerosol spray injection device, unipolar charge is passed to electric charge and the mass ratio that drop obtains to have described drop at drop by double-deck charging modes.
Method of the present invention will produce following result, because producing the formed drop of aerosol injection, the aerosol spray injection device has electrostatic charge, charged drop is owing to dispersion is pursued in the effect of repelling mutually, and preferentially shift to the surface that has opposite charges or neutral charge, as the surface in face, nose and the upper respiratory tract, and can not enter in the lung that is positioned near the human or animal of aerosol injection.The electrically charged amount of institute is many more on the drop that aerosol spray penetrates, easy more being deposited on mouth, nose and the upper respiratory tract.When fluid product scatters from injection apparatus when coming out, the flow velocity of its fluid product can be to exerting an influence with the low sedimentary particulate loading of flow velocity, and this influence will encourage the deposition than the microgranule of high flow velocities more to deposit.
Method of the present invention has and at present used all or the purposes of most of aerosol spray injection devices, for example: the care product of coating aerosol, anti-perspirant, hair jelly, insecticide, gardening sprinkling irrigation product, air freshener, waxing polishing agent, cooking stove cleaning agent, starching and fabric polishing agent, footwear and leather, glass cleaner etc., and various public, domestic, special use or industrial product.
Method of the present invention can prevent to enter into pulmonary less than at least 10% volume of the aerial suspended particulates of 10 micron-scales, and preferably at least 25%, more at least 40%, better at least 75%, and best even at least 85%.
The aerial microgranule that suspends had both comprised drop itself, also can also comprise along with drop breaks after ejection or evaporates the microgranule of generation.
Usually, with being ejected into the mixture that airborne fluid composition is water and Hydrocarbon in the injection apparatus, perhaps be emulsion, or before use a kind of or in course of injection by shaking the liquid that injection apparatus can be converted into emulsion.
Although understood now that all liquid aersols can be by being with net negative charge or positive charge by the fragmentation of double-deck charging modes or drop, the charge level that is delivered to the drop that common unit ejects also only is+/-1 * 10 -8C/kg extremely+/-1 * 10 -5C/kg.
The various features that the invention reside in the aerosol spray injection device combine, thus the carried charge of liquid when increasing liquid and from the aerosol spray injection device, spraying.
A kind of typical aerosol spray injection device, it comprises:
1. an aerosol can that is loaded with this device compositions to be painted and liquid or gaseous propellant;
2. a dip-tube that extends in this jar, the upper end of this dip-tube is connected to a valve;
3. an actuator that is positioned at this valve top, this actuator can be depressed to operate this valve; And
4. an insert that is arranged in this actuator, this insert has the aperture, and said composition sprays from this aperture.
The aerosol spray injection device of the best that the present invention is used is the sort of described in the WO97/12227.
Many aspects by selection aerosol spray injection device are possible so that give the higher electric charge of drop, these aspects comprise: the shape of actuator, material and size, the insert of actuator, valve and dip-tube, and the characteristic of liquid for jetting, thereby, along with liquid is dispersed into drop and produces required charge level.Bilayer charging and charge-exchange between the many characteristic enhancement liquid preparations of aerosol systems and the surface of aerosol systems.This enhancement is by means of the end flow process degree that can increase the liquid stream that flows through this system and improves liquid and factors such as the contact frequency of the inner surface of container, valve, actuator system and speed realize.
For instance, can be so that the characteristic optimization of actuator, to improve the charge level from the container ejection liquid.Actuator insert inside dimension is that 0.45mm or littler a kind of small apertures can increase the charge level of passing the liquid that actuator sprays.The selection of the material of actuator can increase equally from the charge level of device ejection liquid, can adopt the material that increases charge level such as nylon, polyester, acetal, PVC, polypropylene etc.The geometry in the aperture of insert also can be optimized, to increase the charge level by actuator ejection liquid.Promote the insert of the mechanical disintegration power of liquid more to help charging.
The actuator insert of injection apparatus can be by conductor, quasiconductor or insulator, or the electrostatic dissipation material is made.
The characteristic of dip-tube can reach optimization, to increase the charge level that sprays liquid from container.For example the internal diameter elongated dip-tube that is about 1.27mm can increase the charge level of liquid, and the material that changes dip-tube can increase electric charge equally.
The characteristic of valve can be selected, and this can increase the fluid product electric charge of ejection from container and the ratio of quality.The little tail spare hole that is about 0.65mm on a kind of housing can increase the ratio of electric charge and quality between injection period.Reduce the quantity of bar mesopore, for example 2 * 0.50mm can increase the electric charge when spraying equally.A kind of gas phase tap helps to make the charge level optimization, the gas valve in big aperture, and the gas valve of for example about 0.50mm to 1.0mm can provide higher charge level usually.
Variation in the formula for a product can have influence on charge level equally.Containing the mixture of water and Hydrocarbon or the prescription of the emulsion of immiscible water and Hydrocarbon entrained electric charge and the odds ratio of quality when it sprays from aerosol device makes water separately or uses the ratio of entrained electric charge of Hydrocarbon preparation and quality much higher separately.
Fluid composition used in the present invention comprises oil phase, water, surfactant and propellant..The first-selected C of oil phase 9-C 12Hydrocarbon, it preferably accounts for compositions quantity 2-10%W/W.
Surfactant is preferably glyceryl oleate or polyglycerol acrylate, and it preferably accounts for the 0.1-1%W/W of the quantity of compositions.
The first-selected liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) of propellant, it is preferably propane, mixes with arbitrary proportion with butane.Propellant accounts for the 10-90%W/W of the quantity of compositions, its ratio is that the mixture by ejection is to spray and decide as mixture " doing " or " wetting ", as " wetting " mixture, the shared quantity of propellant is 20-50%W/W, is preferably in to be 30-40%W/W.
The drop of aerosol spray injection device ejection typically have a diameter from the 5-100 micron, wherein about 40 microns microgranule is maximum.Contain the microparticle material of scheduled volume in the liquid of aerosol spray injection device ejection, as smoke silicon oxide, or contain the volatile solid material of scheduled volume, as menthol, naphthalene.
Usually the used jar of aerosol spray injection device be by a kind of aluminum or lacquer stannum or the plate or the analog that do not coat with lacquer stannum make, the actuator insert is for example to be made by acetal resin, it is the aperture of 0.51mm that the lateral opening of valve rod has two diameters.
Description of drawings
Now, only present invention is described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings by way of example, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic cross-sectional views according to aerosol spray jet device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic cross-sectional views figure of the valve member of equipment shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional drawing of the actuator insert of assembly shown in Figure 2;
Fig. 4 be shower nozzle shown in Figure 3 the hole along A to the topology view of observing;
Fig. 5 be shower nozzle shown in Figure 3 swirl chamber along B to the topology view of observing;
Fig. 6 illustrates embodiment 2 resulting results; And
Fig. 7 illustrates the resulting result of embodiment.
The specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, shown is aerosol spray injection device of the present invention.It comprises a jar 1, this jar adopt traditional mode by a kind of aluminum or make by lacquer stannum or the plate or the analog that do not coat with lacquer stannum, this jar defines a liquid storage cylinder 2 that is used to store the liquid 3 of electric conductivity, makes that the microgranule in the liquid can be with going up suitable electrostatic charge.The gas that also has certain pressure in this jar, this pressure can force liquid 3 to spray outside the jar 1 by the tubing that is made of dip-tube 4, valve and actuator 5.One end 6 of dip-tube 4 extends to till the peripheral part of jar 1 bottom, and its other end 7 links to each other with the tail spare 8 of valve member.Tail spare 8 is fixed by the installation component 9 in the opening at a top that is fitted in jar, and it comprises that one is formed with the bottom part 10 in tail spare aperture 11, and the end 7 of dip-tube 4 links to each other with this aperture.Tail spare includes a hole 12, and this hole 12 has a diameter less relatively end portion 11 and the relatively large upper part 13 of diameter.Valve member comprises that also one is installed in the rod tube 14 in the hole 12 of tail spare, and is arranged to can move axially in hole 12 to overcome the active force of spring 15.Valve rod 14 comprises the have one or more transverse openings endoporus 16 of (bar hole) 17 (as shown in Figure 2).Valve member comprises an actuator 18, and this actuator 18 has a centre bore 19 that matches with valve rod 14, makes the hole 16 of rod tube 14 be connected with hole 19 on the actuator.In the actuator one is communicated with the depressed part that centre bore 19 and is equipped with supporting member 21 perpendicular to the passage 20 that centre bore 19 extends, and with insert 22 forms one shower nozzle is installed on this supporting member, and this insert has a hole 23 that is communicated with passage 20.
One sealing ring of being made by elastomeric material 24 is arranged between the outer surface (and inner surface of tail spare) of valve rod 14, and under conventional state, this sealing ring is sealed the transverse opening 17 on the valve rod 14.The structure of valve member is such, promptly, when pressing hydraulic actuator 18 with hands, as shown in Figure 2, the active force that this actuator overcomes spring 15 promotes valve rod 14 downwards, makes sealing ring 24 no longer seal transverse opening 17, in this position, hole 23 from liquid storage cylinder 2 to shower nozzle just forms a passage, makes under the pressure effect of liquid gas in jar, is urged to shower nozzle by the tubing that is made of dip-tube 4, tail spare hole 12, valve rod hole 16, actuator centre bore 19 and passage 20.
The sidewall of tail spare 8 is provided with aperture 27 (not shown in figure 1)s, and a gas phase tap has been formed in this aperture, and thus, the gas pressure in the liquid storage cylinder 2 just can act directly on the liquid of the valve member of flowing through.This can increase the turbulent extent of liquid.Verified now, if the diameter in aperture 27 is at least 0.76mm, this can provide enhanced charge.
The transverse opening 17 that valve rod hole 16 is communicated with tail spare hole 12 is the form in two holes preferably, and wherein the diameter of each is not less than 0.51mm, to strengthen the generation of electrostatic charge.And the diameter of dip-tube 4 is preferably as much as possible little, for example is 1.2mm, so that improve the quantity of electric charge that passes to liquid.In addition,, for example be not more than 0.64mm, also can strengthen the generation of electric charge if the diameter in tail spare hole 11 is as much as possible little.
Referring to Fig. 3, shown is the amplification view of the actuator insert of the equipment among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2.For simplicity, hole 23 is expressed as a single cylindrical hole 23 in the figure.Yet hole 23 preferably has structure as shown in Figure 4.Aperture in the hole 23 is represented with reference marker 31, and the part of the qualification aperture in this hole is represented with reference marker 30.The part that limits aperture is represented with L (mm) at the overall circumference at hole exits place, and a is the gross area (mm2) at hole exits place aperture, and the numerical value of L and a provides in Fig. 4.The value of L/a is greater than 8, and has been found that now this condition is particularly conducive to the generation of electric charge, because it significantly improves the contact area of actuator insert and the liquid herein of flowing through.
Cross-sectional area a be not reduced under the situation of a certain value that can only allow low liquid flowing rate, can adopting multiple different structure so that obtain higher L/a ratio.The pore structure of the actuator insert that for example, may use is: (i) wherein hole exits comprises a plurality of section shape apertures (with or without centre bore); (ii) its middle outlet comprises a plurality of fan-shaped apertures; (iii) wherein aperture forms the outlet of lattice-shaped together, and (iv) its middle outlet is common cross, and (v) wherein aperture constitutes the outlet of a concentric ring type together; And the combination of said structure.Particularly, the structure in actuator insert hole preferably has ligule parts to protrude in the path of inserting the liquid flow bundle and can vibrate therefrom.This vibration characteristics can cause the turbulent flow phenomenon, and can strengthen the separation of double-deck electrostatic charge, thereby more electric charge is moved on most of liquid.
With reference to Fig. 5, show a kind of plane graph that may structure of the swirl chamber 35 of actuator insert 2.This swirl chamber comprises four horizontal passages 36, and these passages are uniformly-spaced arranged and 37 tangent along the central area with around hole 23.In use, the liquid of discharging from liquid storage cylinder 2 under the gas pressure effect flows along passage 20, and clashes into passage 36 perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of passage.This layout of passage makes liquid trend towards rotating before entering central area 37 and hole 23 thereupon.As a result, make liquid produce powerful turbulent flow, this will increase the electrostatic charge in the liquid.
The following examples make an explanation to the present invention:
Embodiment 1
A kind of prescription of air freshener is produced as described below:
At first be that 83% alkane of the same clan (iso paraffin) solution is put into mixer and stirring with percentage by weight.To be that butyl-hydroxy-methylbenzene (butyl hydroxy toluene) of 0.2% joins in the container again as a kind of percentage by weight of corrosion inhibitor, and continuous stirring be till mix homogeneously.Then, add percentage by weight successively and be 5% polyglycerol acrylate emulsion and percentage by weight and be 11.8% fragrance ingredient, carry out continuous stirring once more till mix homogeneously.
This mixture has constituted the final products of oil phase.With percentage by weight is that 6% oil phase joins in the sheet tin aerosol can of type that Fig. 1 and 2 describes, and this jar has the structure in shower nozzle shown in Figure 4 hole and the structure of shower nozzle swirl chamber shown in Figure 5.The actuator insert is made by acetal resin.
The aperture that valve rod transverse opening 17 is 0.51mm by two diameters is formed, and the diameter in gas phase tap aperture 27 is 0.76mm, and the diameter in tail spare hole 11 is 0.64mm, and the diameter of dip-tube 4 is 3mm.Then, be that 59% soft water joins in the jar with percentage by weight, afterwards, valve member is fitted on the jar.Be that 35% butane is incorporated in the jar so that obtain the pressure of 40psi through valve member with percentage by weight.When pressing hydraulic actuator 18, just can obtain electric charge/mass value is-1 * 10 -4C/kg, its flow rate are about the drop of the trickle injection of 1.5g/sec.And drop can intersperse among in the air rapidly.
With the above-mentioned aerosol spray injection device that identical agent prescription with fresh air the is housed discovery of comparing with the existing aerosol spray injection device of standard, for identical emitted dose, the drop amount that is sucked when using said apparatus obviously is less than common existing apparatus.
Embodiment 2
Headform with conductive surface and oral area hole pipe is positioned over a cell (2m 3) interior and ground connection.With the polylith size is 1.5cm 2Filter paper (4 grades) stick on nose left side on the face, the right of right eye position and mouth.In each test,, the aerosol product of 7 ± 0.35 grams is imported in the cell by the injection in 3 seconds.Aerosol is gone into the position of cell from headform's rear portion 1.4m and the position that is higher than head 0.25m.The constituent of used product is as shown in the table in the test:
Composition % (weight)
Biological allethrin 0.241
Bioresmethrin 0.046
Butyl-hydroxy-methylbenzene 0.005
Deionized water 51.15
Fluorescein 0.05
H55 (mixture of 26%W/W propane and butane) (Boral) 40.000
Norpar13(Exxon) 7.500
Spice 0.100
Polyglycerol acrylate 0.900
After the injection, cell was placed 10 minutes, then filter paper is taken off.
Fluorescein is not very good for the dissolubility of water, in being to use a kind of phosphate buffer (PH7,0.1M Na 2HPO+NaH 2PO 4H 2O) draw fluorescein on the filter paper.Add to 5 milliliters buffer agents on the filter paper and place 24.Then filter paper is taken off and under exometer, carry out sampling and measuring.When only existing in the test tube under the situation of buffer agent, the reading of exometer is zero.The concentration known product of being made by phosphate buffer is as calibration sample.This product is sprayed in the bottle and is weighed 40mg.The buffer agent that adds 10ml, thus and obtain one second concentration 20mg/10ml from wherein pouring out the buffer agent that 5ml places another bottle and add 5ml.Adopt identical method to proceed dilution, thereby obtain following concentration: 10mgl, 5mg, 2.5mg, 1.25mg and 0.625mg/10ml.Form an attenuation curve with these known concentration and its fluorescence reading, utilize this curve's equation formula to determine that according to its fluorescence reading how many products are arranged in this test sample book then., just obtain every gram ejecting product and fall within on the face product volume divided by the amount of product of ejection in test with this value, therefore eliminated the influence that slight change caused of spray penetration.
Because the existence of fluorescein makes to give naturally and sprays difficulty of charge ratio, therefore by add to jar-10kV voltage adopts manual method to form charged aerosol.A kind of electric charge and mass ratio that this will form are-4 * 10 -4The aerosol of C/kg.This can compare with the uncharged aerosol with identical component.
As shown in Figure 6, (n=12, s=0.064) meansigma methods of uncharged jet deposition on face filter paper is 0.115mg to every ejection 1g.Compare with uncharged injection, the product of charged jet deposition in face manys 63% than it.(n=12 s=0.172) just can collect the charged injection of 0.305mg in face to the charged injection of every ejection 1g.Difference between them in P＜0.05 (t=3.59, more obvious in the time of 22df).
Embodiment 3
According to the program described in the embodiment 2, test after the product of following compositions sprayed for 3 seconds.
Composition % (weight)
Isopar G 4.996
Butyl-hydroxy-methylbenzene 0.013
Polyglycerol acrylate 0.299
Spice 0.702
The mixture of propane and butane 58.94
Fluorescein 0.05
By adding to jar-10kV voltage employing manual type formation charged aerosol, a kind of electric charge and the mass ratio that so just form are-2.4 * 10 -4The aerosol of C/kg.This can compare with the uncharged aerosol with identical component.
As shown in Figure 7, the uncharged injection of every ejection 1g (s=0.032), the meansigma methods that is deposited on face's target is 0.099mg.Compare with uncharged injection, charged jet deposition many 73.5% than it, the charged mist jet of every ejection 1g will be collected 0.374mg (s=0.09) on face's filter paper charged injection.Difference between them in P＜0.05 (t=9.85, more obvious in the time of 10df).

Claims (16)

  1. A minimizing airborne to interspersing among/diameter that can suck is less than 10 microns the microgranule or the method for drop suction volume; above-mentioned microgranule or drop produce with a kind of injection apparatus liquid droplets; this method comprises: at drop from the process of injection apparatus ejection; by double-deck charging modes unipolar charge is passed to drop, the level of this unipolar charge make the electric charge of drop and quality ratio be at least+/ one 1 * 10 -4C/kg, thus, near the diameter mouth, nose and upper respiratory tract has at least volumetrical 10% can not enter in the lung less than airborne suction of 10 microns be suspended in microgranule or the drop.
  2. 2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: near the diameter mouth, nose and upper respiratory tract has at least volumetrical 25% can not enter in the lung less than airborne suction of 10 microns be suspended in microgranule or the drop.
  3. 3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: near the diameter mouth, nose and upper respiratory tract has at least volumetrical 40% can not enter in the lung less than airborne suction of 10 microns be suspended in microgranule or the drop.
  4. 4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: near the diameter mouth, nose and upper respiratory tract has at least volumetrical 75% can not enter in the lung less than airborne suction of 10 microns be suspended in microgranule or the drop.
  5. 5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: injection apparatus is a kind of aerosol spray injection device.
  6. 6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: accommodate emulsion in the injection apparatus.
  7. 7. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the size range of drop is the 5-100 micron.
  8. 8. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the compositions of holding in the injection apparatus contains oil phase, contains water, surfactant and propellant.
  9. 9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described oil phase comprises a kind of C 9-C 12Hydrocarbon.
  10. 10. method according to claim 9 is characterized in that: described C 9-C 12Hydrocarbon account for the 2-10%W/W of the amount of compositions.
  11. 11. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described surfactant is glyceryl oleate or polyglycerol acrylate.
  12. 12. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: the 0.1-1%W/W of the amount of described surfactant comprise compositions.
  13. 13. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that: above-mentioned propellant is a liquefied petroleum gas.
  14. 14. method according to claim 13 is characterized in that: described propellant accounts for the 20-50% of the amount of compositions.
  15. 15. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: only give the drop unipolar charge, and do not need from a kind of inside or outside electric charge induction device transmits thereon electric charge by the interaction between liquid and the injection apparatus.
  16. 16. method according to claim 15, it is characterized in that: by in the following feature of employed aerosol spray injection device at least one selected: the characteristic of the shape and size in the material of actuator, the aperture of actuator, the diameter of dip-tube, valve and the prescription that is contained in the compositions in the aerosol spray injection device, make that the ratio of the electric charge of drop and quality is at least+/-1 * 10 -4C/kg, thereby, from the process of the aperture actual ejection of aerosol spray injection device, unipolar charge is passed to electric charge and the mass ratio that drop obtains to have described drop at drop by double-deck charging modes.
CN99810244A 1998-07-02 1999-06-23 Inhalation of aerosol actives Expired - Fee Related CN1106885C (en)

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GB9814368.8 1998-07-02
GBGB9814368.8A GB9814368D0 (en) 1998-07-02 1998-07-02 Inhalation of aerosol actives

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GB9921037D0 (en) 1999-09-07 1999-11-10 Reckitt & Colmann Prod Ltd Compositions
AU2004203903B2 (en) * 1999-09-07 2006-09-07 Reckitt Benckiser (Australia) Pty Limited Aerosol spray device and electrostatic aerosol composition
US6474563B2 (en) 2000-05-03 2002-11-05 Sarnoff Corporation Spraying device for dispensing home care formulations with electrostatic liquid droplets
ES2492679T3 (en) * 2011-02-02 2014-09-10 Sulzer Mixpac Ag Discharge device for fluid material
CN106733312B (en) * 2016-11-09 2019-03-15 深圳市洁王精细化工科技有限公司 A kind of spray gun and its tank body, tank body bindiny mechanism
UA126152C2 (en) 2017-05-31 2022-08-25 Філіп Морріс Продактс С.А. Inhaler article with occluded airflow element
JP7157079B2 (en) * 2017-12-12 2022-10-19 アース製薬株式会社 Metered injection device for pest control

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FR2654273A1 (en) * 1989-11-03 1991-05-10 Sekhavat Ali Mini-accelerator with friction device for rapid particle collision and formation of ions from liquid and gaseous sources
WO1994019042A1 (en) * 1993-02-19 1994-09-01 Bespak Plc Inhalation apparatus
US5642727A (en) * 1995-07-25 1997-07-01 David Sarnoff Research Center, Inc. Inhaler apparatus using a tribo-electric charging technique
WO1997028883A1 (en) * 1996-02-07 1997-08-14 University Of Southampton Method of precipitating airborne particles
US5714007A (en) * 1995-06-06 1998-02-03 David Sarnoff Research Center, Inc. Apparatus for electrostatically depositing a medicament powder upon predefined regions of a substrate

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FR2654273A1 (en) * 1989-11-03 1991-05-10 Sekhavat Ali Mini-accelerator with friction device for rapid particle collision and formation of ions from liquid and gaseous sources
WO1994019042A1 (en) * 1993-02-19 1994-09-01 Bespak Plc Inhalation apparatus
US5714007A (en) * 1995-06-06 1998-02-03 David Sarnoff Research Center, Inc. Apparatus for electrostatically depositing a medicament powder upon predefined regions of a substrate
US5642727A (en) * 1995-07-25 1997-07-01 David Sarnoff Research Center, Inc. Inhaler apparatus using a tribo-electric charging technique
WO1997028883A1 (en) * 1996-02-07 1997-08-14 University Of Southampton Method of precipitating airborne particles

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EP1089826A1 (en) 2001-04-11
AU4520399A (en) 2000-01-24
PL345313A1 (en) 2001-12-03
ZA200007646B (en) 2002-02-27
AR019205A1 (en) 2001-12-26
GB9814368D0 (en) 1998-09-02
JP2002519194A (en) 2002-07-02
MY125631A (en) 2006-08-30
CN1317995A (en) 2001-10-17
WO2000001494A1 (en) 2000-01-13
AU751290B2 (en) 2002-08-08

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