CN1106871A

CN1106871A - Method and device for continuous making fire-resistant oxidized fibrous fabric

Info

Publication number: CN1106871A
Application number: CN 94101811
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王吉祥; 黄汝铭
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1994-02-08
Filing date: 1994-02-08
Publication date: 1995-08-16

Abstract

After pre-treatment including water-washing, drying, chemical soaking and other steps, the fibrous fabric of cellulose fibre e.q. rayon one or acrylic fibres applied with warp-direction tension is fed to vertical oxidizing furnace, where it is pyrolytically oxidized. In the furnace, the fabric is first passed from lower low-temp. zone to the upper high-temp. zone for heat treatment and then passed backwards for rolling-up. The product has excellent fire resistance and is used as fire-resisting cloth or active carbon fibre cloth precursor. The apparatus used include feeder, tensioner, vertical zone-heating furnace and take-up machine.

Description

Method and device for continuous making fire-resistant oxidized fibrous fabric

The present invention relates to the method for continuous production and the equipment therefor of fire-resistant oxidized fabric, particularly a kind of method and equipment therefor that uses general rayon to make flame resistant fibers cloth through imposing the oxidation reaction processing continuously as precursor.

The general man-made fibre material that has been made into cloth shape fabric shape, such as: cellulose fibre (rayon fibers), acrylic fibre, phenolic resins series fiber or pitch fibers etc. all do not have fire protecting performance, so that are not suitable as flameproof fabric, and purposes is restricted.Recently, because the needs in market, various flame resistant fibers are developed in succession, but because of they are fibers of anti-combustion that fibre morphology is processed into, if when using with fabric shapes such as cloth shapes, then necessary should be through oxidation processes and the lowered anti-combustion fibrage of engineering properties becomes cloth, this will bring the problem in the production, such as: easily disconnectedly knit, productive rate reduces, must be with all inconvenience such as special purpose machinery equipment.The best approach is will directly carry out oxidation processes by the various fabrics that the existing general textile machine braiding of general traditional approach utilization forms to form flame resistant fabrics, and this will be a most convenient, the most effective.So someone proposes fabric is imposed oxidation processes and makes fire-resistant oxidized fabric with batch mode, yet because be batch processing, output is subjected to suitable restriction, especially the influence of Temperature Distribution effect, and difficulty reaches the quality homogeneity, when particularly handling, must heat up and cooling at every turn, cause the waste of the time and the energy.

In view of this inventor through long-term experiment, research, finishes continuous and the effective manufacture method and the equipment therefor of flame resistant fabrics of the present invention.

Main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method for continuously producing of fire-resistant oxidized fabric, can make the high fire line fabric of quality homogeneous.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of device of making fire-resistant oxidized fabric, can use general commercially available suitable fabric as precursor, is treated as the flame resistant fibers fabric continuously in a large number and rapidly.

For achieving the above object, by method provided by the present invention and device, its method mainly uses fabric to be precursor, through general washing, dry, flame retardant medicine dipping, press and inhale, after the pre-treatments such as drying, mode with reel cloth is bestowed under the suitable warp-wise tension state via tensioner, will is gone in the vertical type oxidation reaction stove, fabric earlier from bottom to top, promptly forward flow to the high-temperature region by low-temperature space, again by on turn back, from high temperature to the low temperature reverse flow, handle to accept heated oxide, derive at last, it batched from the bottom of stove, get final product fire-resistant oxidized fabric.Said apparatus is by constituting with the lower part: with the reel cloth derivation of precursor and the feedthrough in the feeding stove, this cloth was imposed the tensioner of suitable tension force before going into stove, inner be divided into the vertical type oxidation furnace of low temperature from the bottom to top, and be used for batching apparatus that finished product oxidation processes cloth is batched to the high temperature multi-region section thermal treatment zone.

Below according to accompanying drawing the present invention's one specific embodiment is described in detail:

In the accompanying drawing, Fig. 1 is the manufacture method process block diagram of the fire-resistant oxidized fabric of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is an embodiment schematic diagram of the manufacturing installation of the fire-resistant oxidized fabric of the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, the manufacture process of the fire-resistant oxidized fabric of the present invention is as follows:

At first will be as the processed fabric of precursor of the present invention, such as: rayon fibers or Dralon, pitch fibers, phenolic fiber etc. are made into cloth 1, sending in the rinsing machine 2 with for example concentration is that the dense aqueous detergent solution of 0.5-1.0% is cleaned, removing the dirty impurity that may attach in the process of spinning cotton and weaving cloth, and in clear water, remove the residual cleaning agent; Then, dewater, dry 3; Then, send in the general habitual flame retardant soup 4 of prior allotment fully after the dipping, after the pressure that repeats two, three times inhales 5, dried 6 and finish the pre-treatment of generally knowing of fabric.At last this fabric after pre-treatment is fed via the continuous conveying mode of batching and carries out continuous oxidation 7 in the oxidation furnace, get final product fire-resistant oxidized fabric 8.Constitute pretreatment procedure 9 by each step of 2-8.

The present invention must characteristic be continuous oxidation stage 7 this part, therefore, be described in detail as follows with reference to Fig. 2 with regard to this stage:

Continuously oxidation unit 10 be by: fabric transmission device 20 and vertical type oxidation furnace 30 are constituted.Transmission device 20 by processed fabric and his like to comprising successively: the feeding roller (cylinder) 21 that drives by variable speed driver M1, but be arranged to the tensioner 22 that the tension force of fabric tension is adjusted in oscilaltion, the delivery roller 23, final capstan 24 and a plurality of the assisting that are driven by variable speed driver M2 reach guiding roller 25-28.Oxidation furnace 30 is to adopt the vertical type heating furnace with heat and flame outer furnace wall 31 and the smooth internal protecting wall 32 of high-fire resistance, be set as the

thermal treatment zone

34,35,36 of several (being 3 in the present embodiment) different temperatures in the stove from the bottom to top, temperature is edged up to the 3rd district of high temperature by the 1st district 34 beginning segmentations of low temperature, that is go up district 36 most for being controlled between 250 ℃-350 ℃, be preferably in about 300 ℃, thermal source is supplied with by electric calorifie installation in the stove 33.This stove 30 takes the upper end open, can pass to atmosphere, and the lower end of furnace bottom is provided with fabric and divides in the guide plate 37 tolerable fabrics turnover stove.Outstandingly in upper end, the center of stove 30 establish a guiding and do and draw 28, turn back downwards thus for the oxidation processes fabric.

Fabric 1 imports in the oxidation furnace 30 from the below via the feed-in roller 21 of transmission device 20 and tensioner 22, the translational speed of fabric 1 is adjusted control by motor M1, M2, the tension force size of fabric contain by adjusting 3

roller

22a, 22b, 22c tensioner 22 upper-lower position adjustable roller 22b the position and adjusted setting.Then can go up unshowned temperature controller by figure as for the temperature of the

thermal treatment zone

34,35,36 controls the electric calorifie installation 33 in each district respectively and is controlled.Control the 1st district 34 is at 30 ℃-150 ℃ usually for the Temperature Distribution of the above-mentioned thermal treatment zone, and the 2nd district 35 is at 150 ℃-250 ℃, and the 3rd district 36 is at 250 ℃-350 ℃.

The fabric 1 that enters in the stove is moved by low-temperature space 34 high-temperature region 35 upward of below, it is descending to turn back during to the roller 29 of furnace roof, promptly, descending by the high-temperature region to low-temperature space, so, the distribution situation that can cooperate hot gas convection current rising and temperature can obtain uniform oxidation reaction and shorten oxidation time, handles and reach the continous mode high yield.At last, the fabric 7 that oxidation processes is crossed is derived and is batched in final capstan 24 via delivery roller 23, and makes fire-resistant oxidized fabric.

Embodiment 1

Using rayon cloth (commercially available 20 ' S/4 specification) the process sour ammonium of bowl (7%W/V) to add diammonium hydrogen phosphate (3%W/V) aqueous solution dipping presses suction to wait after the pre-treatment, sending into maximum temperature is controlled at about 300 ℃, output speed is controlled in 60 centimetres/hour the oxidation furnace carries out oxidation processes, it is 52.0 that gained oxidation spiral shell is entangled its oxygen index (OI) measured value of cloth, has good heat resistant fire-proof performance.

Embodiment 2

Use rayon cloth (commercially available 30 ' S/4 specification) through zinc chloride (4%W/V), after the pre-treatments such as ammonium chloride (4%W/V) and the suction of boric acid (4%W/V) aqueous solution dipping pressure, sending into maximum temperature is controlled at about 300 ℃, output speed is controlled in 60 centimetres/hour the oxidation furnace carries out oxidation processes, its oxygen index (OI) measured value of gained oxidation rayon cloth is 61.5, has good heat resistant fire-proof performance.

Comparative example

Use experiment 1 and test 2 rayon cloth, but do not flood the flame retardant medicine, and after carrying out oxidation processes with the same terms, record its oxygen index (OI) between 15.0-18.0, do not have flameproof effect.

Embodiment 3

In the oxidizing process of carrying out example 1, fabric is adopted gained finished product after the different highest oxidation temperature, through testing the relation of its highest oxidation temperature to the tensile strength of finished product, area yield, cloth weight, the result is as shown in table 1.Showing tensile strength as can be known thus increases with the rising of oxidation maximum temperature, and area yield and cloth is heavy then to raise along with the oxidation maximum temperature and reduce.

Table 1

The relation that different highest oxidation temperature and tensile strength, area yield, cloth weigh

Highest oxidation temperature tensile strength area yield cloth is heavy

(℃) (kg/in) (%) (g/m ²)

250 1.72 89.9 245.7

260 1.95 90.0 241.9

270 2.92 88.7 232.3

280 3.05 87.5 227.4

290 4.60 84.6 225.2

300 6.72 81.7 219.8

Embodiment 4

To be measured the relation of its its oxygen index (OI) after different oxidizing temperatures are handled by the identical finished product of embodiment 3 gained, the result is as shown in table 2.Showing as can be known thus, oxygen index (OI) also increases with the rising of oxidizing temperature.

Table 2

The relation of different highest oxidation temperature and oxygen index (OI)

Highest oxidation temperature oxygen index (OI)

(℃)

250 52.0

260 52.5

270 52.7

280 52.9

290 55.7

300 61.5

According to the differentiation of Japanese JIS K7201 (1976), as shown in the table to oxygen index (OI):

The measured value oxygen index (OI) is with reference to (burning classification)

Distinguish (LOI)

1 less than 20 inflammabilities

More than 2 20, less than 25 combustibility

More than 3 25, less than 30

4 30 above flame retardancys

The result who shows the embodiment gained table 2 of next and this case thus compares, and obviously belongs to oxygen index (OI) up to more than 50 by the prepared fabric of this case as can be known, that is distinguishes the high flame retardancy fire proofing material more than 4 grades.Any is got a slice and uses the used gas burner (its flame kernel point temperature is up to more than 1000 ℃) of water power worker to carry out combustion testing result demonstration to have high flame retardancy with the gained sample, in other words, can anti-1000 ℃ flame resistance through the fabric of the highest 250 ℃ of-350 ℃ of pyrolysis processing, and not having dusty gas such as black smoke, foul smell takes place, it is a kind of flameproof fabric shape material of excellence, can use for many-sided, but also energy savings and compliance with environmental protection requirements.

Again, according to known batch formula oxidation processes or horizontal single-headed oxidation processes, can cause a large amount of loss in weight of cellulose base fiber fabric and crystalline texture to destroy, and produce a large amount of tar (tar) and volatile products attached on the fabric, make the finished product fragile structure, low quality, when then fabric imports in the vertical type device by the present invention, vertically move and the impurity such as tar that can avoid in the processing procedure being produced are attached to fabric face and cause that attachment area produces local anomaly high temperature by fabric, cause disadvantages such as fabric face embrittlement and breakage to take place, simultaneously, fabric is to follow progressive and mode and moving decrescence along the hot gas convection current, and the unlikely occurrence temperature drastic change of finished product causes the embrittlement phenomenon, so can guarantee quality of finished, and reasonable because of flow process, continuously always, and can raise the efficiency.

Reach as described above embodiment as can be known the present invention have following characteristics and effect:

1. fabric is via the continous mode manufacture process, the different temperatures thermal treatment zone that enters from bottom to top in the oxidation furnace is accepted by the gradual heat treated of low temperature to high temperature, highest temperature zone to appropriate temperature control is finished after the oxidation reaction, begin from high temperature after the reverse quilt of low temperature is lowered the temperature gradually, deriving stove batches outward, because cooling is along the hot gas convection current and follows progressive mode and move after fabric heating and the oxidation, the unlikely occurrence temperature drastic change of finished product causes the embrittlement phenomenon, so flow process is reasonable, consistent continuously, efficient is high and can guarantee quality of finished.

2. before entering oxidation furnace, fabric applies with warp-wise tension force by a tensioner in advance, and controls temperature from the bottom to top suitably carrying out oxidation reaction under the distribution occasion under this tension state and in the stove, can improve engineering properties.

3. whole device construction is simple, and easy operating control is set easily.

4. the oxidation reaction that can be applicable to various fabrics and analog thereof or fibre bundle and analog thereof is handled, application surface implementary value extensively and on the tool industry.

5. the fire-resistant oxidized fabric of gained is except that for industry or the commercial purposes, and the precursor that can be used as the activated carbon fiber fabric makes the activated carbon fiber fabric for carbonization and activation.

Fig. 1 is the process block diagram of the method for continuous production of heat resistance oxidized fiber fabric of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of a preferred embodiment of apparatus for continously production of heat resistance oxidized fiber fabric of the present invention.

Claims

1, a kind of method for continuous production of heat resistance oxidized fiber fabric, this method uses fabric to be precursor, through a series of washing, dry, the soup of anti-combustion dipping, press and inhale, after the pre-treatments such as drying, carry out the heated oxide processing and make fire-resistant oxidized fabric, it is characterized in that: the fabric of this process pre-treatment is to import in the vertical type oxidation reaction stove continuously under bestowing suitable tension force, by the low-temperature space of bottom to the catatrepsis of the high-temperature region at top, reverse mobile by the high-temperature region again to low-temperature space, handle to accept heated oxide, then derive and batch from the bottom of stove through the fabric of oxidation.

2, by the method for continuous production of claim 1, wherein the temperature of the highest temperature thermal treatment zone of this oxidation processes is between 250 ℃-350 ℃, and fabric is heated having under the air.

3, a kind of apparatus for continously production of heat resistance oxidized fiber fabric, this device be used for through the fabric of flame resistance chemicals treatment in addition oxidation processes to form fire-resistant oxidized fabric, this device comprises: be used for transmission device and vertical type oxidation furnace with the fabric transmission, this oxidation furnace have heat and flame in, outer furnace wall, should be installed on multisection type electric heating heater between the interior outer furnace wall, the upper end of heating clamber is open in this stove, and be hung with a guiding roller, be distinguished into the multi-region section thermal treatment zone that temperature distributes from low to high by means of above-mentioned heater from bottom to top in the heating clamber simultaneously.

4, by the manufacturing installation of claim 3, wherein the guiding roller on this oxidation furnace top is to be used for vertically to upwards importing fabric in the stove after through the heat oxidation processes, the reverse below that is directed to the stove of low-temp. portion.