CN110685819A - Injector and injection method - Google Patents
Injector and injection method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110685819A CN110685819A CN201911144866.9A CN201911144866A CN110685819A CN 110685819 A CN110685819 A CN 110685819A CN 201911144866 A CN201911144866 A CN 201911144866A CN 110685819 A CN110685819 A CN 110685819A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02K—JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02K9/00—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof
- F02K9/42—Rocket-engine plants, i.e. plants carrying both fuel and oxidant therefor; Control thereof using liquid or gaseous propellants
- F02K9/44—Feeding propellants
- F02K9/52—Injectors
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Abstract
The invention provides an injector and an injection method, wherein the injector comprises at least one group of injection devices, each injection device comprises a flow path inlet, a flow path and a nozzle; a first port of the flow passage is connected with the flow passage inlet, and a second port of the flow passage is connected with the nozzle; the cross-sectional area of the flow passage is gradually reduced along the extension direction of the first port to the second port of the flow passage; through the runner that contracts gradually, improve the shear rate of material, increase shearing area makes the material thin gradually to reduce the flow resistance of material, shortened material receiving arrangement's response time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of spacecraft propulsion systems, in particular to an injector and an injection method.
Background
At present, gel propellants adopted in engineering are mostly non-Newtonian fluids, and the gel propellants only show flow characteristics under certain pressure, and compared with traditional liquid propellants, the gel propellants are increased in viscosity and remarkably increased in flow resistance; the injector of the traditional extrusion rocket engine is usually designed by adopting a laminate, the gel propellant enters a combustion chamber through a liquid collecting cavity and a distribution flow channel, the gel propellant is easy to be detained and re-condensed by adopting the mode, and a high-viscosity low-flow-rate area is formed, so that the flow resistance of the gel propellant is further increased, and the response time of the engine is prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an injector and an injection method, which are used for reducing the flow resistance of materials and shortening the response time of an engine.
The invention provides an injector, which comprises at least one group of injection devices; the injection device comprises a flow path inlet, a flow path and a nozzle; the first port of the flow passage is connected with the flow passage inlet, and the second port of the flow passage is connected with the nozzle; the cross-sectional area of the flow passage is gradually reduced along the extension direction of the first port to the second port of the flow passage; the flow path inlet is connected with an external material supply system and used for conveying the material provided by the material supply system to the flow path; the flow channel is used for conveying the material to the nozzle, and the material is subjected to shear thinning through the gradually reduced cross section area of the flow channel in the conveying process of the material; the nozzle is used for conveying the material to an external material receiving device.
Furthermore, the number of the flow passages is multiple, the number of the nozzles is multiple, and the number of the nozzles is the same as that of the flow passages; the nozzles are distributed in a central symmetry way; the plurality of flow passages are connected with the plurality of nozzles in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
Further, the connection structure between the first ports of the plurality of flow passages is tapered.
Further, the flow channel is in a conical tube structure.
Further, the flow path inlet is of a truncated cone cavity structure; a first port of the flow path inlet is connected with the material supply system, and a second port of the flow path inlet is connected with the first port of the flow path; the cross-sectional area of the flow path inlet decreases gradually along the direction of extension of the first port to the second port of the flow path inlet.
Further, the extending direction of the first port of the flow passage is the same as the extending direction of the second port of the flow passage inlet.
Further, the nozzle comprises an equal straight section, a convergent section and a circular pipe section which are connected in sequence; the first port of the equal straight section of the nozzle is connected with the second port of the flow passage; the second port of the equal straight section of the nozzle is connected with the first port of the convergent section, the second port of the convergent section is connected with the first port of the circular pipe section, and the cross-sectional area of the convergent section is gradually reduced along the extension direction from the first port of the convergent section to the second port of the convergent section; and the second port of the circular pipe section of the nozzle is connected with the material receiving device.
Further, the extending direction of the second port of the flow passage is the same as the extending direction of the straight section of the nozzle.
Further, the injector comprises two groups of injection devices, and the flow path inlets in the first injection device and the flow path inlets in the second injection device are symmetrically distributed.
The invention provides an injector method, which is applied to the injector of any one of the above items; the method comprises the following steps: the flow path inlet is connected with an external material supply system and used for conveying materials provided by the material supply system to the flow path; the flow channel conveys the material to the nozzle, and the material is subjected to shear thinning through the gradually reduced cross section area of the flow channel in the conveying process of the material; the nozzle conveys the material to an external material receiving device.
The invention provides an injector and an injection method, which comprise at least one group of injection devices, wherein each injection device comprises a flow path inlet, a flow path and a nozzle; a first port of the flow passage is connected with the flow passage inlet, and a second port of the flow passage is connected with the nozzle; the cross-sectional area of the flow passage is gradually reduced along the extension direction of the first port to the second port of the flow passage; through the runner that contracts gradually, improve the shear rate of material, increase shearing area makes the material thin gradually to reduce the flow resistance of material, shortened material receiving arrangement's response time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an injector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an injector channel according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an injector mounted within an engine according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating a cross-sectional view of an injector internal flow channel provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the distribution of nozzles inside an injector according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of an injector flow path inlet provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of an injector nozzle provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional view of a fuel and oxidant passageway within an injector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Icon: 1-propellant supply system line valves; 2-an injector; 21-flow path inlet; 211-oxidant flow path inlet; 212-fuel flowpath inlet; 22-a flow channel; 221-an oxidant flow channel; 222-a fuel flow channel; 23-a nozzle; 231-an oxidant nozzle; 232-a fuel nozzle; 3-engine combustion chamber.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The gel propellant rocket engine has the advantages of high specific impulse, adjustable thrust, repeated starting, easy storage and transportation of the solid rocket engine, convenient use and maintenance and the like, and has wide application prospect in the fields of missile weapons, anti-pilot weapons, aerospace thrusters and the like.
At present, an injector of a traditional extrusion type rocket engine usually adopts a laminate design, propellant enters a combustion chamber through a liquid collecting cavity and a distribution flow channel, a blind cavity and a folded angle structure easily appear in the flow channel, so that gel propellant is detained and re-condensed, a high-viscosity low-flow-rate area is formed, the flow resistance of the gel propellant is further increased, and the response time of the engine is prolonged.
In this regard, embodiments of the present invention provide an injector and injection method that may be applied in rocket engine material injection or in material injection for other propulsion systems.
With reference to the schematic construction of an injector shown in fig. 1, the injector 2 comprises at least one set of injectors; the injector device comprises a flow path inlet 21, a flow channel 22 and a nozzle 23.
In practical implementation, the number of the injection devices provided in the injector 2 may be one or more, and may be specifically set according to requirements, for example, if two or more materials need to be injected and cannot be mixed in the injector 2, one set of injection devices may be provided for each material.
A first port of the flow path 22 is connected to the flow path inlet 21, and a second port of the flow path 22 is connected to the nozzle 23; the cross-sectional area of the flow passage 22 gradually decreases along the extending direction of the first port to the second port of the flow passage 22.
The flow path 22 is gradually and uniformly contracted from the port position connected with the flow path inlet 21 to the port position connected with the corresponding nozzle 23; in practical implementation, the flow channel 22 may be designed in a curved form according to the positions of the flow path inlet 21 and the nozzle 23, as shown in fig. 1, it should be noted that, when designing the curved angle, it is generally necessary to ensure that the direction inside the flow channel 22 changes smoothly and slowly to avoid the loss of material flow caused by the bend angle of the flow channel 22. In practical implementation, the inner diameter of the first port of the flow passage 22 may be determined according to the port inner diameter of the flow passage inlet 21 connected thereto, for example, if one flow passage inlet corresponds to only one flow passage 22, the first port inner diameter of the flow passage 22, that is, the inlet inner diameter of the flow passage 22, may be designed to be the same value as the port inner diameter of the flow passage inlet connected thereto; in practical implementation, the inner diameter of the second port of the flow channel 22, that is, the parameters of the outlet inner diameter of the flow channel 22, the length of the flow channel 22, the contraction half angle, and the like, can be obtained by cold flow test or iterative optimization of flow numerical simulation calculation; the two ways are briefly described below.
In the cold flow test, usually, a user predicts an initial design value of a parameter to be calculated in advance, a test piece is processed according to the initial design value and loaded into a matched tool, flow resistance data, filling time data and the like under the initial design value are tested through a test, and a plurality of groups of corresponding flow resistance data, filling time data and the like can be obtained through predicting the initial design values of a plurality of groups of parameters to be calculated.
In the second mode, the flow numerical simulation calculation, generally, a user may input a preset initial design value of a parameter to be calculated through fluid simulation software, such as ANSYS Fluent simulation software, or in a programming mode, based on a relevant physical characteristic parameter of a material, may calculate a set of flow resistance data and filling time data and the like under the initial design value, and may obtain a plurality of sets of flow resistance data and filling time data and the like by adjusting the input value of the parameter to be calculated for a plurality of times, such as adjusting the inner diameter of the second port of the flow channel 22, that is, the inner diameter of the outlet of the flow channel 22 or adjusting the length of the flow channel 22; selecting result data meeting a preset standard from a plurality of groups of parameters such as flow resistance data, filling time data and the like obtained through the experiment, wherein generally, two judgment standards, namely time and flow resistance, are mainly provided; time is generally volume dependent; if the inlet flow is known, the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure can be basically determined, the difference between the two data is the flow resistance, and the flow resistance is generally as small as possible; in practical implementation, two parameters, namely flow resistance and time, are generally considered; for example, if the filling time is a parameter mainly focused by the user, the result data with low flow resistance data may be selected from the result data with short filling time, and the value of the corresponding parameter to be calculated may be used as the value of the second port inner diameter of the flow channel 22, that is, the value of the parameters such as the outlet inner diameter of the flow channel 22, the length of the flow channel 22, and the contraction half angle.
When the first port inner diameter of the flow channel 22, that is, the inlet inner diameter of the flow channel 22, the second port inner diameter of the flow channel 22, that is, the outlet inner diameter of the flow channel 22 and the length of the flow channel 22 are obtained, the contraction half angle of the flow channel 22 may also be calculated by the following formula (1), for example, refer to a schematic structural diagram of an injector flow channel shown in fig. 2; inlet inner diameter D of the flow passage 222The inner diameter of the outlet of the flow channel 22 is denoted by d2The length of the flow channel 22 is indicated by l, and the half angle of contraction of the flow channel 22 is indicated by α2Showing the half angle α of contraction of the flow passage 222Can be calculated by the following formula:
internal volume V of flow passage 222Can be calculated by the following formula (2):
the internal volume of the individual flow channels 22 is related to the filling time and the transport efficiency of the material, and generally, the smaller the internal volume of the individual flow channels 22, the shorter the filling time and the higher the transport efficiency.
The flow path inlet 21 is connected to an external material supply system for delivering the material provided by the material supply system to the flow path 22; the flow channel 22 is used for conveying the material to the nozzle 23, and the material is subjected to shear thinning through the gradually reduced cross-sectional area of the flow channel 22 during the conveying process of the material; the nozzle 23 is used to transport the material to an external material receiving device.
In practical implementation, the material supply system may be a propellant supply system, and the material receiving device may be an engine combustion chamber; referring to the assembly schematic diagram of the injector in the engine shown in fig. 3, the injector 2 may be disposed between a propellant supply system pipeline valve 1 and an engine combustion chamber 3, and is divided into an upper layer, a middle layer and a lower layer, the upper layer is the propellant supply system pipeline valve 1, the middle layer is the injector 2, the lower layer is the engine combustion chamber 3, and a flow path inlet 21 of the injector 2 is connected with the propellant supply system pipeline valve 1; the nozzle 23 of the injector 2 is connected with the engine combustion chamber 3; the flow path inlet 21 of the injector 2 delivers material provided by the propellant supply system to the engine combustion chamber 3 through the flow passage 22 and the nozzle 23 of the injector 2.
The embodiment of the invention provides an injector, which comprises at least one group of injection devices, wherein each injection device comprises a flow path inlet, a flow path and a nozzle; the first port of the flow passage is connected with the flow passage inlet, and the second port of the flow passage is connected with the nozzle; the cross-sectional area of the flow passage gradually decreases along the extension direction from the first port to the second port of the flow passage; through the runner that contracts gradually, improve the shear rate of material, increase shearing area makes the material thin gradually to reduce the flow resistance of material, shortened material receiving arrangement's response time.
Furthermore, the number of the flow passages 22 is multiple, the number of the nozzles 23 is multiple, and the number of the nozzles 23 is the same as that of the flow passages 22; the plurality of nozzles 23 are distributed centrosymmetrically; the plurality of flow passages 22 are connected to the plurality of nozzles 23 in a one-to-one correspondence.
Referring to the structural schematic diagram of the cross-sectional view of the internal flow channel of the injector shown in fig. 4, in practical implementation, the flow channel inlet 21 and the flow channel 22 are generally connected in a smooth transition manner through a curved surface, and when the flow channel 22 is designed, the smooth transition can be realized by chamfering a large fillet, and the structure is compact; junction can be divided into a plurality of runner 22 with original mainstream canal, similar plant roots and animal blood vessel's bifurcation structure to avoid because runner 22 has the material that blind chamber or dog-ear lead to be detained and recondens, for example, when the material is the gel propellant, because the gel propellant only under certain pressure, just demonstrate the flow characteristic, in case there is the local speed of flow when slow, slowly can become the solid, block up easily, if only a runner 22, blind chamber or dog-ear problem appears easily, thereby lead to the gel propellant to be detained and recondens. The number of the runners 22 can be set according to requirements, the number of the runners 22 is different, the structural parameters of the runners 22 are usually different, and the structural parameters can be obtained by cold flow tests or iterative optimization calculation of flow numerical simulation, and the calculation method can refer to the foregoing embodiment and is not described herein again; since the nozzles 23 and the runners 22 generally need to be connected in a one-to-one correspondence, the number of the nozzles 23 may also be set to be plural, and the number of the nozzles 23 is the same as the number of the runners 22, and the plural nozzles 23 are generally distributed in a central symmetry manner, so as to make the weight distribution of the injector more uniform, for example, referring to a distribution diagram of nozzles inside the injector shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 includes 4 oxidant nozzles 231 and 4 fuel nozzles 232, where 4 oxidant nozzles 231 are distributed in a central symmetry manner, and 4 fuel nozzles 232 are also distributed in a central symmetry manner.
Further, as shown in fig. 4, the connection structure between the first ports of the plurality of flow passages 22 is tapered; taking an example that one flow path inlet 21 is connected with four flow paths 22 as an illustration, the four flow paths 22 at the connection part are originally plane corresponding to the middle of four tangent circles, the structural form is easy to cause the blockage of material flow, and material backflow or stagnation may occur.
Further, the flow passage 22 is a tapered tube structure; in practical implementation, the flow channel 22 may be designed as a tapered circular tube structure, that is, the flow channel 22 is usually a gradually shrinking curved circular tube structure inside the injector 2, and the cross-sectional area of the flow channel 22 gradually decreases.
Further, the flow path inlet 21 has a truncated cone cavity structure; a first port of the flow path inlet 21 is connected with a material supply system, and a second port of the flow path inlet 21 is connected with a first port of the flow passage 22; the cross-sectional area of the flow path inlet 21 gradually decreases along the extension direction of the first port to the second port of the flow path inlet 21.
The inner diameter of the first port of the flow path inlet 21, that is, the inlet inner diameter of the flow path inlet 21, may be determined according to the outlet inner diameter of the material supply system connected to the first port, generally, the inner diameter of the first port of the flow path inlet 21 may be designed to be the same value as the outlet inner diameter of the material supply system connected to the first port, and in actual implementation, the inner diameter of the second port of the flow path inlet 21, that is, the outlet inner diameter of the flow path inlet 21, the height of the flow path inlet 21, the convergence half angle, and other parameters may be obtained through cold flow tests or iterative optimization of flow numerical simulation calculation, and the calculation method may refer to the foregoing embodiments, and will not be described herein again; when the inner diameters of the first port of the flow path inlet 21, i.e. the inlet inner diameter of the flow path inlet 21, the inner diameters of the second port of the flow path inlet 21, i.e. the outlet inner diameter of the flow path inlet 21 and the height of the flow path inlet 21 are obtained, the convergence half angle of the flow path inlet 21 can be calculated by the following formula (3), for example, see the structural schematic diagram of an injector flow path inlet shown in fig. 6; the inner diameter of the inlet 21 of the flow path inlet is denoted by D1, the inner diameter of the outlet 21 of the flow path inlet is denoted by D1, the height of the flow path inlet 21 is denoted by h, and the half angle of convergence of the flow path inlet 21 is denoted by α 1, then the half angle of convergence α 1 of the flow path inlet 21 can be calculated by the following formula:
internal volume V of single flow path inlet 211Can be calculated by the following formula (4):
the internal volume of the single flow path inlet 21 is related to the filling time and the transport efficiency of the material, and generally, the smaller the internal volume of the flow path inlet 21, the shorter the filling time of the material for the current chamber, the higher the transport efficiency.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the first port of the flow passage 22 extends in the same direction as the second port of the flow path inlet 21; that is, when the flow passage 22 is designed, in order to reduce the material flow resistance, the first port of the flow passage 22 is usually designed to extend along the direction of the second port of the flow passage inlet 21, that is, the angle of the first port of the flow passage 22 is consistent with the direction of the flow passage inlet 21.
Further, the nozzle 23 includes an equal straight section, a convergent section and a circular tube section which are connected in sequence; a first port of the straight section of the nozzle 23 is connected to a second port of the flow passage 22; the second port of the equal straight section of the nozzle 23 is connected with the first port of the convergent section, the second port of the convergent section is connected with the first port of the circular tube section, and the cross-sectional area of the convergent section is gradually reduced along the extending direction from the first port of the convergent section to the second port of the convergent section; the second port of the circular tube section of the nozzle 23 is connected with the material receiving device; the nozzle 23 may be constructed as an integral structure, and the inner diameter of the second port of the straight section of the nozzle 23 and the inner diameter of the first port of the convergent section are generally set to the same value; the inner diameter of the second port of the converging section and the inner diameter of the first port of the tubular section are generally set to the same value; the straight sections and the circular tube sections are both hollow cylindrical structures, wherein the circular tube sections are usually thin and thin circular tubes; taking the material as the gel propellant as an example, the gel propellant can be further sheared through the convergent section, so that the apparent viscosity of the propellant is further reduced.
In practical implementation, the inner diameter of the thin circular pipe section can be determined by known parameters such as the flow rate, the pressure drop, the mixing ratio and the number of the roots of the materials; parameters such as the inner diameter of the equal straight section, the length of the convergent section, the length of the thin circular pipe section and the like of the nozzle 23 can be obtained through cold flow tests or iterative optimization of flow numerical simulation calculation, and the specific calculation mode can refer to the foregoing embodiment and is not described herein again; when the inner diameter of the thin circular pipe section, the inner diameter of the equal straight section, the length of the convergent section and the length of the thin circular pipe section are obtained, the convergent half angle of the convergent section can be calculated by the following formula (5), for example, refer to a structural schematic diagram of an injector nozzle shown in fig. 7; the inner diameter of the thin circular pipe section and the inner diameter of the second port of the convergent section are represented by D3, the inner diameter of the straight section and the inner diameter of the first port of the convergent section are represented by D3, the length of the straight section is represented by Ld, the length of the convergent section is represented by L, the length of the thin circular pipe section is represented by L0, and the convergence half angle of the convergent section is represented by α 3, the convergence half angle α 3 of the convergent section can be calculated by the following formula:
internal volume V of single nozzle 233Can be calculated by the following equation (6):
the internal volume of the individual nozzles 23 is related to the filling time and the transport efficiency of the material, and in general, the smaller the internal volume of the nozzles 23, the shorter the filling time of the material and the higher the transport efficiency.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the extending direction of the second port of the flow passage 22 is the same as the extending direction of the straight section of the nozzle 23; that is, when designing the flow passage 22, in order to reduce the material flow resistance, the second port of the flow passage 22 is usually designed to extend along the direction of the straight section of the nozzle 23, that is, the angle of the second port of the flow passage 22 is consistent with the direction of the nozzle 23.
Further, the injector 2 comprises two sets of injector means, the flow path inlets 21 in the first injector means being symmetrically arranged with respect to the flow path inlets 21 in the second injector means.
Taking a material as a gel propellant, a material supply system as a propellant supply system and a material receiving device as an engine combustion chamber as an example for explanation, a structural schematic diagram of a cross section of a fuel and oxidizer flow passage in an injector is shown in fig. 8; in practical implementation, it is usually necessary to simultaneously deliver two materials, namely oxidizer and fuel, from the propellant supply system to the engine combustion chamber 3, so that the injector 2 includes two sets of injection devices, and in order to avoid material retention and recondensation due to blind cavities or broken corners of the flow channel 22, it is usually necessary to make each flow channel inlet 21 correspond to the flow channel 22 of multiple branches, that is, the flow channel inlet 21 includes one oxidizer flow channel inlet 211 and one fuel flow channel inlet 212, the flow channel 22 includes multiple oxidizer flow channels 221 and multiple fuel flow channels 222, and the nozzle 23 includes multiple oxidizer nozzles 231 and multiple fuel nozzles 232; the number of the oxidant channels 221 and the number of the oxidant nozzles 231 are the same, and the oxidant channels and the oxidant nozzles are connected in a one-to-one correspondence; the number of the plurality of fuel channels 222 and the number of the plurality of fuel nozzles 232 are the same and are connected in a one-to-one correspondence; in general, the engine is designed to be as symmetrical as possible, so that the weight is better adjusted, therefore, the position of one oxidizer flow path inlet 211 and the position of one fuel flow path inlet 212 are generally designed to be axisymmetric, the structural size of the oxidizer flow path inlet 211 and the structural size of the fuel flow path inlet 212 are not necessarily the same, and the respective structural sizes can be calculated by referring to the foregoing embodiments.
The plurality of oxidant nozzles 231 and the plurality of fuel nozzles 232 are both distributed centrosymmetrically, and the oxidant nozzles 231 and the fuel nozzles 232 are usually designed to be the same in number, but the structural dimensions or angles of the oxidant nozzles 231 and the fuel nozzles 232 may be different, and the respective structural dimensions may be calculated specifically with reference to the foregoing embodiment, as shown in fig. 5, taking the case that the number of the oxidant nozzles 231 and the number of the fuel nozzles 232 are both 4, 4 oxidant nozzles 231 are distributed centrosymmetrically, and 4 fuel nozzles 232 are also distributed centrosymmetrically; the 4 oxidant nozzles 231 and the 4 fuel nozzles 232 are in the form of disks, respectively, and the 4 oxidant nozzles 231 and the 4 fuel nozzles 232 are in the form of concentric circles; it should be noted that the injector may be made by 3D printing.
The rapid development of current additive manufacturing technologies provides the possibility of processing injectors comprising complex flow channel designs, taking advantage of the gel propellant shear sensitivity to reduce its apparent viscosity by mechanical shear; specifically, by utilizing the shear thinning characteristic of the gel propellant and designing the injector with the inner flow channel gradually contracted, the rheological characteristic of the gel propellant is improved, the flow resistance of the gel propellant is reduced, the response time of an engine is reduced, the atomization effect of the propellant is enhanced, and the combustion efficiency and the specific impulse performance of the engine are improved.
As another realization mode, on the premise of ensuring the flow rate and pressure drop requirements of the injector, the shear rate of the gel propellant can be increased, the apparent viscosity of the propellant can be obviously reduced, and the filling time can be reduced by adopting a method of adopting a contraction-shaped internal flow passage and appropriately reducing the volume.
According to the other injector provided by the embodiment of the invention, the whole injector structure of the flow path inlet, the flow path and the nozzle gradually shrinks, the shearing area is increased through the continuous flowing shearing action, and the shearing thinning in the material conveying and injecting processes is realized, so that the flow resistance of the material is reduced, and the response time of the material receiving device is shortened.
The embodiment of the invention provides an injection method, which is applied to the injector; the method comprises the following steps: the flow path inlet is connected with an external material supply system and used for conveying materials provided by the material supply system to the flow path; the material is conveyed to the nozzle by the flow channel, and the material is subjected to shear thinning through the gradually reduced cross section area of the flow channel in the conveying process of the material; the nozzle conveys the material to an external material receiving device.
In practical implementation, the flow path inlets receive the materials provided by the material supply system connected with the flow path inlets, and the number of the flow path inlets can be set according to the types of the materials; in order to avoid material retention and re-condensation caused by the existence of a blind cavity or a folded angle in a single flow passage, the design can be that one flow passage inlet corresponds to a plurality of flow passages, namely, the flow passage inlet conveys the received material to the plurality of flow passages connected with the flow passage inlet, and because the cross-sectional area of the flow passages is gradually reduced, based on the physical characteristics of the material, the material can be gradually sheared and thinned in the process of conveying the material from the flow passages to the nozzle, and finally, the thinned material is conveyed to the material receiving device connected with the nozzle through the nozzle.
In the injection method, the material provided by the material supply system is conveyed to the runner by the inlet of the runner; the material is conveyed to a nozzle by the flow channel, and the nozzle conveys the material to an external material receiving device; according to the method, the gradually contracted flow channel is adopted, so that the shearing rate of the material is improved, the shearing area is increased, and the material is gradually thinned, so that the flow resistance of the material is reduced, and the response time of the material receiving device is shortened.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An injector, comprising at least one set of injection means; the injection device comprises a flow path inlet, a flow path and a nozzle;
the first port of the flow passage is connected with the flow passage inlet, and the second port of the flow passage is connected with the nozzle; the cross-sectional area of the flow passage is gradually reduced along the extension direction of the first port to the second port of the flow passage;
the flow path inlet is connected with an external material supply system and used for conveying the material provided by the material supply system to the flow path; the flow channel is used for conveying the material to the nozzle, and the material is subjected to shear thinning through the gradually reduced cross section area of the flow channel in the conveying process of the material; the nozzle is used for conveying the material to an external material receiving device.
2. The injector of claim 1, wherein said flow channel is plural in number and said nozzle is plural in number, said nozzles being the same in number as said flow channel;
the nozzles are distributed in a central symmetry way; the plurality of flow passages are connected with the plurality of nozzles in a one-to-one correspondence manner.
3. The injector of claim 2, wherein the connection between the first ports of the plurality of flow channels is tapered.
4. The injector of claim 1, wherein said flow channel is a tapered tube structure.
5. The injector of claim 1, wherein said flow path inlet is a frusto-conical cavity configuration;
a first port of the flow path inlet is connected with the material supply system, and a second port of the flow path inlet is connected with the first port of the flow path; the cross-sectional area of the flow path inlet decreases gradually along the direction of extension of the first port to the second port of the flow path inlet.
6. The injector of claim 5, wherein the first port of the flow channel extends in the same direction as the second port of the flow path inlet.
7. The injector of claim 1, wherein said nozzle comprises a straight section, a converging section and a circular tube section connected in series;
the first port of the equal straight section of the nozzle is connected with the second port of the flow passage; the second port of the equal straight section of the nozzle is connected with the first port of the convergent section, the second port of the convergent section is connected with the first port of the circular pipe section, and the cross-sectional area of the convergent section is gradually reduced along the extension direction from the first port of the convergent section to the second port of the convergent section; and the second port of the circular pipe section of the nozzle is connected with the material receiving device.
8. The injector of claim 7, wherein the second port of the flow channel extends in the same direction as the straight section of the nozzle.
9. The injector of claim 1, wherein the injector comprises two sets of injector devices, the flow path inlets in a first injector device being symmetrically distributed with the flow path inlets in a second injector device.
10. An injection method, characterized in that it is applied to an injector according to any one of claims 1 to 9; the method comprises the following steps:
the flow path inlet is connected with an external material supply system and used for conveying materials provided by the material supply system to the flow path; the material is conveyed to the nozzle by the flow channel, and the material is subjected to shear thinning through the gradually reduced cross section area of the flow channel in the conveying process of the material; the nozzle conveys the material to an external material receiving device.
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