CN110685749B - Device and method for preventing water inrush of top plate and bottom plate when coal mine working face passes water-containing fault - Google Patents
Device and method for preventing water inrush of top plate and bottom plate when coal mine working face passes water-containing fault Download PDFInfo
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- CN110685749B CN110685749B CN201910959862.XA CN201910959862A CN110685749B CN 110685749 B CN110685749 B CN 110685749B CN 201910959862 A CN201910959862 A CN 201910959862A CN 110685749 B CN110685749 B CN 110685749B
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- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 claims description 13
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- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 239000005030 aluminium foil Substances 0.000 description 2
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
- E21F17/18—Special adaptations of signalling or alarm devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V11/00—Prospecting or detecting by methods combining techniques covered by two or more of main groups G01V1/00 - G01V9/00
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for preventing water inrush of a top plate and a bottom plate when a coal mine working face passes through a water-containing fault. The invention presses the ultrasonic transmitting device into the water-containing fault which is already detected in a punching mode, and determines whether the fault water inrush danger exists when the working face passes through the water-containing fault in advance in a mode of analyzing the wave speed of the received ultrasonic waves in the working face tunneling process. The device and the method can accurately detect the size of the disturbance influence on the rock stratum between the water-bearing area and the driving face when the roadway passes through the water-bearing fault, overcome the prevention of water inrush danger when the working face passes through the fault under the condition that whether the water-bearing fault conducts water or not can not be judged, and have the beneficial effects of simple, flexible and changeable construction method, high efficiency, low cost and the like compared with the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a device and a method for preventing water inrush of a top plate and a bottom plate when a coal mine working face passes through a water-containing fault, and belongs to the technical field of mine construction auxiliary equipment.
Background
Coal is one of main energy sources in China, the scale of the coal is larger and larger along with the continuous increase of the demand of the coal, cross-section recovery often occurs in the process of tunneling a working face due to the complex hydrogeological conditions in China, great difficulty is brought to safe production due to the fact that the water conductivity of a water-containing section cannot be accurately judged, and when a roadway passes through the cross section, water inrush is easy to occur, and the silt in a water body is in danger of bursting into a roadway.
When the working face passes through the fault, the integrity of the top and bottom rock strata is damaged due to the existence of the fault, and the integrity of the rock strata is further damaged under the action of strong vibration and shear stress in the mining process, so that the possibility of water inrush danger is increased.
In the prior art, the condition of water enrichment in a fault can be found out through an underground three-dimensional high-density tomography technology, but the limitation that whether water is guided or not cannot be judged exists, so that the problem of prevention of water inrush danger when a working face passes through the fault still exists at the present stage.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a device for preventing water inrush of a top plate and a bottom plate when a coal mine working face passes through a water-containing fault, which can accurately judge whether the water-containing fault conducts water when the working face passes through the water-containing fault, thereby avoiding danger.
The invention also provides a method for preventing water inrush of the top plate and the bottom plate when the coal mine working face passes through a water-containing fault.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a device of prevention roof and bottom plate gushing water when moisture fault is crossed to colliery working face, includes spherical rubber housing, is provided with ultrasonic signal transmitter and vibration sensor in the spherical rubber housing, and vibration sensor is connected with ultrasonic signal generator.
Preferably, the inner wall of the spherical rubber shell is provided with a waterproof and waterproof layer.
Preferably, the waterproof and waterproof layer is a waterproof aluminum foil which is adhered to the inner wall of the spherical rubber shell.
Preferably, the spherical rubber shell is made of butadiene rubber or polyurethane rubber. The advantage of this design is that the device balls placed on the top plate are made of high density butadiene rubber and the device balls placed on the bottom plate are made of less dense urethane rubber.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the spherical rubber shell is 30mm, and the thickness of the spherical rubber shell is 4 mm.
Preferably, the ultrasonic signal transmitter is a low-voltage linear power supply circuit type battery with built-in electromotive force of 5V.
Preferably, the vibration sensor is an electrodynamic sensor.
A method for preventing water inrush of a top plate and a bottom plate when a coal mine working face passes through a water-containing fault comprises the following steps of placing an ultrasonic receiving device on the working face in advance, placing a data analysis device on the ground, connecting the ultrasonic receiving device with the data analysis device, and during tunneling operation:
(1) determining three-dimensional position information of a fault water-containing area by adopting an underground three-dimensional high-density electrical method;
(2) when the tunneling probe tunnels to a fault position of 60-80 m, drilling a probe hole in the direction of a water-bearing zone through a rock mass, wherein the diameter of the probe hole is 50-70 mm; rock mass properties between the fault and the roadway are ascertained through the exploratory hole, and the wave velocity of the corresponding rock capable of transmitting ultrasonic waves is ascertained;
(3) pressing the spherical device towards the top plate water-containing area and the bottom plate water-containing area along the exploration hole;
(4) when the tunneling probe continues to tunnel to a fault water-containing area, the fault water-containing area is disturbed to generate vibration, and a vibration sensor in the spherical device triggers the ultrasonic signal transmitter to transmit ultrasonic waves;
(5) ultrasonic waves are transmitted to ultrasonic receiving equipment in a working face through a rock body, the ultrasonic receiving equipment transmits data to data analysis equipment, the data analysis equipment compares the obtained wave velocity numerical value with the wave velocity numerical value when the fault is not disturbed, the size of the fault water-containing area affected by the disturbance is obtained by analyzing the change size of the received ultrasonic wave velocity, and whether the fault has water inrush danger or not is determined.
Preferably, in the step (3), the water-containing area of the top plate is pressed into the butadiene rubber ball-shaped device, and the water-containing area of the bottom plate is pressed into the polyurethane rubber ball-shaped device.
Preferably, in step (5), the ultrasonic receiving device is a portable ultrasonic receiver of the PUX2 series.
Preferably, in the step (5), the ultrasonic receiving device wirelessly transmits the received ultrasonic data to the data analysis device.
Preferably, in step (5), the data analysis device is a computer.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) according to the method, an ultrasonic transmitting device is pressed into the found water-containing fault in a punching mode, in the process of working face tunneling, whether the fault water inrush danger exists when the working face passes through the water-containing fault is determined in advance in a mode of analyzing the wave speed of received ultrasonic waves, and the wave speed change range is 500km/s, so that the influence of mining on the top and the bottom of a rock stratum between a water-containing zone of the fault and a roadway is small, and no water inrush danger exists; when the wave speed range changes within 500-1000km/s, the influence of mining on the top and the bottom of a rock stratum between a fault water-bearing area and a roadway is large, and the moving direction of the rock stratum needs to be closely concerned; when the wave speed range changes over 1000km/s, water inrush risks are easy to occur, and tunneling needs to be stopped.
2) The device and the method can accurately detect the size of the disturbance influence on the rock stratum between the water-bearing area and the driving face when the roadway passes through the water-bearing fault, and overcome the problem of water inrush danger when the working face passes through the fault under the condition that whether the water-bearing fault conducts water cannot be judged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a device ball injected into a top plate according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a device ball injected into a substrate in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention of injecting device balls into water bearing zone of the roof fault.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the present invention of injecting device balls into a water-bearing zone of a bedding fault.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the present invention.
Wherein: 1. the device comprises a high-density elastic rubber shell, 2, a waterproof layer, 3, an ultrasonic signal transmitter, 4, a vibration sensor, 5, a low-density elastic rubber shell, 6, a roadway, 7, a bottom plate fault water-containing area, 8, a bottom plate fault, 9, a roadway, 10, a top plate fault, 11, a top plate fault water-containing area, 12, a manhole, 13, data analysis equipment, 14, ultrasonic receiving equipment, 15, a fault water-containing area, 16, a micro device, 17 and a tunneling direction.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described by way of examples, but not limited thereto, with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-2, the present embodiment provides a device for preventing water inrush from a roof and a floor when a coal mine working face passes through a water-containing fault, the device is spherical in shape, and comprises a spherical rubber housing, an ultrasonic signal emitter 3 and a vibration sensor 4 are arranged in the spherical rubber housing, and the vibration sensor 4 is connected with the ultrasonic signal generator 3.
The outer diameter of the spherical rubber shell is 30mm, and the thickness is 4 mm. Spherical rubber housing inner wall is provided with prevents water barrier 2, prevents that water barrier 2 adopts waterproof aluminium foil, and waterproof aluminium foil bonds at spherical rubber housing inner wall through sticky mode. In the device, a vibration sensor 4 is tightly attached to the waterproof and waterproof layer 2 in the shell, and the vibration sensor 4 and the ultrasonic signal transmitter 3 are connected and welded together through a lead.
The ultrasonic signal transmitter 3 is of a low-voltage linear power supply circuit type and is internally provided with a battery with 5V electromotive force. The ultrasonic signal transmitter 3 is designed into a cuboid, and the length and the width of the cuboid are designed into 20-25 mm; the height is designed to be 8-10 mm.
The vibration sensor 4 is an electrodynamic sensor, the shape of the sensor is designed into a cuboid, the length and the width of the sensor are designed to be 5mm-7mm, and the height of the sensor is designed to be 4mm-6 mm. The vibration sensor 4 is connected with the ultrasonic signal emitter 3 through a lead and welded on the ultrasonic signal emitter 3.
The spherical rubber shell is made of butadiene rubber or polyurethane rubber. The device balls placed on the top plate are made of high-density butadiene rubber, the butadiene rubber has the advantages of high elasticity and good wear resistance, the density of the butadiene rubber is higher than that of water, the butadiene rubber can sink to the bottom of a fault water-bearing area and is in contact with a top plate roadway in a larger area; the device ball placed in the floor water-containing area is made of polyurethane rubber with lower density, the polyurethane rubber also has the characteristics of high elasticity, good wear resistance and corrosion resistance, the density of the device ball is lower than that of water, and the device ball can be stored at the top of the floor water-containing area and can be in contact with a floor roadway in a larger area.
The spherical device of this embodiment technical scheme adopts rubber housing to make, not only can play the effect of damping protection, avoids the device to receive destruction, can receive the vibration to vibration sensor transmission rock stratum simultaneously effectively, is regarded as ultrasonic signal transmitter's good conducting medium simultaneously, is designed in the rubber housing and prevents the water barrier, can prevent water access device, prevents that the inside design of water barrier has vibration sensor, and vibration sensor receives the vibration after-trigger ultrasonic signal transmitter transmission ultrasonic wave.
The solid rock is an excellent conductor of the ultrasonic wave, the ultrasonic wave is small in loss in the transmission process in the complete rock, the wave speed is obviously reduced when the ultrasonic wave is transmitted in the rock with broken and multiple structural surfaces, the ultrasonic wave receiving equipment and the data analysis equipment are arranged at the road junction, and whether water inrush danger occurs or not is determined by combining the analysis result and the size of disturbance stress borne by the rock body property.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 4, a method for preventing water inrush from a roof and a floor when a coal mine working face passes through a water-containing fault, wherein an ultrasonic receiving device 14 is placed on the working face in advance, in the embodiment, the ultrasonic receiving device 14 is a portable ultrasonic receiver of a PUX2 series, a data analyzing device 13 is placed on the ground, in the embodiment, the data analyzing device 13 is a computer, and the ultrasonic receiver is connected with the computer through wireless transmission, and in the tunneling operation, the method comprises the following steps:
(1) according to hydrogeological conditions of a mining area and detection data of an early underground three-dimensional high-density electrical method, the obtained information is as follows:
according to the mining plan, a fault is required to pass right in front of the working face roadway 6, a fault water-containing area 7 is located on a working face bottom plate, the water content of the water-containing area is large, and whether water is guided or not cannot be determined temporarily.
(2) When the tunneling probe tunnels to a fault position of 60m, drilling a probe hole 12 in the direction of a water-bearing zone through a rock body, wherein the diameter of the probe hole 12 is 50 mm; the rock mass property between the fault and the roadway is detected through the detecting hole 12, and the wave velocity of the corresponding rock capable of transmitting ultrasonic waves is detected;
the information obtained through the exploratory hole is as follows: sandstone is arranged between the fault crossing part of the working face and the fault water-containing area, the integrity is good, and the wave speed of the ultrasonic waves in the sandstone is 4900 km/s.
(3) 8 polyurethane rubber spherical devices are pressed into the fault water-bearing zone 7 along the exploratory hole 12 by using high-pressure water, and the rubber shells of the spherical devices have lower density than water and can float on the top of the water-bearing zone to be in contact with the top rock stratum, so that the vibration strength of the top rock stratum is detected more accurately.
Because the surface shape of the stratum of the fault water-bearing zone is uncertain, in order to avoid local contingency, the number of the spherical devices pressed into the bottom plate at each time is 8.
(4) Continuing to advance, when the tunneling probe continues to tunnel the water-bearing zone 7 close to the fault, the water-bearing zone 7 of the fault is disturbed to generate vibration, and the vibration sensor 4 in the spherical device triggers the ultrasonic signal transmitter 3 to transmit ultrasonic waves;
(5) and (3) transmitting the ultrasonic waves to an ultrasonic wave receiver in the working face through the rock mass, wherein the received wave speed is 4566.8km/s, the ultrasonic wave receiver transmits data to a ground computer, the computer compares the obtained wave speed numerical value with the wave speed numerical value in the undisturbed state in the step (2), and the ultrasonic wave speed change numerical value obtained through analysis is 333.2km/s and less than 500km/s, so that the influence of the mining on the floor fault water-bearing area is small, the working face cannot generate water inrush danger, and the mining can be normally carried out according to the plan.
And (4) judging the basis of water inrush: whether the danger of fault water inrush exists when the working face passes through a water-containing fault is determined in advance by analyzing the wave speed of the received ultrasonic waves, and the wave speed change range is 500km/s, which indicates that the influence of mining on the top and the bottom of a rock stratum between a fault water-containing area and a roadway is small and no water inrush danger exists; when the wave speed range changes within 500-1000km/s, the influence of mining on the top and the bottom of a rock stratum between a fault water-bearing area and a roadway is large, and the moving direction of the rock stratum needs to be closely concerned; when the wave speed range changes over 1000km/s, water inrush risks are easy to occur, and tunneling needs to be stopped.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 3, a method for preventing water inrush from a roof and a floor when a coal mine working face passes through a water-containing fault, when a fault water-containing area 11 is positioned on the roof of the working face, the technical scheme of the embodiment 2 is adopted similarly, and the difference is that:
step (2) when the tunneling probe tunnels to a fault position of 80m, drilling a probe hole 12 towards the water-bearing zone 11 through a rock body, wherein the diameter of the probe hole 12 is 70 mm; the rock mass property between the fault and the roadway is detected through the detecting hole 12, and the wave velocity of the corresponding rock capable of transmitting ultrasonic waves is detected;
and (3) pressing 10 butadiene rubber spherical devices with higher density into the fault water-containing area 11 along the exploratory hole by using high-pressure water, wherein the density of the butadiene rubber spherical devices is higher than that of water, and the butadiene rubber spherical devices can sink to the bottom of the fault water-containing area and are in contact with a roof roadway in a larger area.
The method can accurately detect the size of the disturbance influence on the rock stratum between the water-bearing area and the tunneling surface when the roadway passes through the water-bearing fault, overcomes the problem of prevention of water inrush danger when the working surface passes through the fault under the condition that whether the water-bearing fault conducts water or not cannot be judged, and has the advantages of simple, flexible and changeable construction method, high efficiency, low cost and the like compared with the prior art.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preventing water inrush of a top plate and a bottom plate when a coal mine working face passes through a water-containing fault comprises the following steps of placing an ultrasonic receiving device on the working face in advance, placing a data analysis device on the ground, connecting the ultrasonic receiving device with the data analysis device, and during tunneling operation:
(1) determining three-dimensional position information of a fault water-containing area by adopting an underground three-dimensional high-density electrical method;
(2) when the tunneling probe tunnels to a fault position of 60-80 m, drilling a probe hole in the direction of a water-bearing zone through a rock mass, wherein the diameter of the probe hole is 50-70 mm; rock mass properties between the fault and the roadway are ascertained through the exploratory hole, and the wave velocity of the corresponding rock capable of transmitting ultrasonic waves is ascertained;
(3) the device for preventing the water inrush of the top plate and the bottom plate when the coal mine working face passes through a water-containing fault is pressed into the water-containing zone of the top plate and the water-containing zone of the bottom plate along the probe hole, and comprises a spherical rubber shell, wherein an ultrasonic signal emitter and a vibration sensor are arranged in the spherical rubber shell, and the vibration sensor is connected with the ultrasonic signal generator;
(4) when the tunneling probe continues to tunnel to a fault water-containing area, the fault water-containing area is disturbed to generate vibration, and a vibration sensor in the spherical device triggers the ultrasonic signal transmitter to transmit ultrasonic waves;
(5) ultrasonic waves are transmitted to ultrasonic receiving equipment in a working face through a rock body, the ultrasonic receiving equipment transmits data to data analysis equipment, the data analysis equipment compares the obtained wave velocity numerical value with the wave velocity numerical value when the fault is not disturbed, the size of the fault water-containing area affected by the disturbance is obtained by analyzing the change size of the received ultrasonic wave velocity, and whether the fault has water inrush danger or not is determined.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the inner wall of the spherical rubber casing is provided with a water-resistant and water-proof layer.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the water barrier is a waterproof aluminum foil which is adhered to the inner wall of the spherical rubber casing.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the spherical rubber casing is made of butadiene rubber or polyurethane rubber.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the spherical rubber casing has an outer diameter of 30mm and a thickness of 4 mm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic signal emitter is of low voltage linear power circuit type with a built-in battery of 5V electromotive force.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the vibration sensor is an electrodynamic sensor.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (3) the roof water-bearing zone is pressed into the butadiene rubber ball and the floor water-bearing zone is pressed into the urethane rubber ball.
9. The method for preventing roof and floor flooding in the event that a coal mine face crosses a water-containing fault as set forth in claim 1, wherein in step (5), said ultrasonic receiving device is a portable ultrasonic receiver of the PUX2 series; the ultrasonic receiving equipment wirelessly transmits the received ultrasonic data to the data analysis equipment; the data analysis equipment adopts a computer.
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