CN110682557B - Mould pressing co-curing forming method suitable for sandwich structural member - Google Patents
Mould pressing co-curing forming method suitable for sandwich structural member Download PDFInfo
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- CN110682557B CN110682557B CN201910948332.5A CN201910948332A CN110682557B CN 110682557 B CN110682557 B CN 110682557B CN 201910948332 A CN201910948332 A CN 201910948332A CN 110682557 B CN110682557 B CN 110682557B
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- paving
- skin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
- B29L2031/3076—Aircrafts
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a molding method of an interlayer structural member, in particular to a mold pressing co-curing molding method of an interlayer structural member consisting of a metal piece, a foam block, a composite material wedge-shaped cushion block and a composite material thin skin in a closed-up shape, belonging to the technical field of composite material manufacturing. A method of compression co-curing for a sandwich structure, comprising the steps of: (1) manufacturing a skin auxiliary paving forming die; (2) manufacturing a mould pressing co-curing forming positioning tool; (3) paving and pasting a skin; (4) spreading and pasting an adhesive film for gluing on the skin; (5) spreading an adhesive film for gluing the metal piece, the cushion block and the foam block; (6) and (4) co-curing. Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the requirements of product manufacture and quality are met, and subsequent assembly work is smoothly carried out through the metal piece and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a molding method of an interlayer structural member, in particular to a mold pressing co-curing molding method of an interlayer structural member consisting of a metal piece, a foam block, a composite material wedge-shaped cushion block and a composite material thin skin in a closed-up shape, belonging to the technical field of composite material manufacturing.
Background
The composite material sandwich structural member has excellent performances of light weight, high bending rigidity and the like, and is widely applied in the fields of aerospace and the like. The application of the method to civil aircraft, military aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicle control surface structures is more dominant and shows irreplaceable situation.
The sandwich structural member composed of metal, composite material and foam is widely applied in the fields of aerospace and the like, not only because the sandwich structural member has the characteristics of light weight and high bending rigidity, but also because the sandwich structural member is easy to form at one time, and the contained metal piece is convenient for the development of subsequent assembly work, so that the excellent performance of the structural component of the sandwich structural member is fully and widely applied.
The sandwich structural member containing the metal piece not only has good mechanical connection performance, but also is convenient to disassemble, assemble and replace for later maintenance. Therefore, the forming of the sandwich structural member consisting of the metal member, the composite member and the foam block, the accuracy of the position of the connecting part of the formed metal member and the matching of the composite member and the matching area of other parts also become the key of the application of the sandwich structural member in the fields of aerospace and other fields.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a mould pressing co-curing forming method which meets the manufacturing and quality requirements of products and is suitable for a sandwich structural member consisting of a closed composite material skin, a wedge-shaped cushion block, a metal piece and a foam block.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method of compression co-curing for a sandwich structure, comprising the steps of:
(1) manufacturing a skin auxiliary paving forming die: the paving and pasting device is used for paving and pasting the metal piece, the foam block and the cushion block into the sandwich structural member according to the design paving requirement, and the molded surface of the paving and pasting device has larger curvature than the molded surface of the inner cavity of the theoretical skin;
(2) manufacturing a mould pressing co-curing forming positioning tool: the positioning device comprises an upper die and a lower die, and is used for positioning the whole sandwich structural member during curing by using holes at two ends of a metal piece;
(3) paving and pasting skin: paving the skin auxiliary paving forming die according to the design paving layer of the sandwich structural member, performing pre-compaction on the forming die after paving, and removing gas wrapped in the paving process;
(4) paving an adhesive film for gluing on the skin: paving a layer of complete adhesive film on the surface of the inner cavity of the paved sandwich structural member, placing the laminated structural member on a skin auxiliary paving forming die for pre-compaction after paving, removing gas wrapped in the adhesive film paving process, and trimming off excessive adhesive films after pre-compaction;
(5) glue the spread of gluing the film among the metal piece, the cushion block and the foam block: coating the metal piece on the sandwich structural piece with the spread adhesive film, and placing the metal piece on a forming die, and spreading the adhesive film between the metal piece and the foam block, between the foam block and the cushion block, and between the cushion block and the metal piece;
(6) co-curing: and placing the forming die on a hot press, applying contact pressure and heating and curing according to relevant technological parameters.
The device further comprises an anti-interference auxiliary tool, wherein the anti-interference auxiliary tool is used for detecting the distance from the edge of the skin at the front edge of the sandwich structural member to the hole center of the metal member; it includes than to board and lock boss, and the lock boss sets up in comparing the one end to the board, matches with the hole on the metalwork, compares board length for the upper and lower limit of design requirement theoretical size.
Preferably, the height of the buckling lug boss is 1.3-4.5 mm.
Preferably, the height of the chamfer part on the buckling lug boss is 0.3 mm-0.5 mm.
Preferably, the mold pressing co-curing molding positioning tool comprises an upper mold and a lower mold, and positioning holes are arranged at corresponding positions of the upper mold and the lower mold and used for positioning the upper mold and the lower mold; mold taking grooves are designed at the positions where two ends of the metal piece in the upper mold and the lower mold are contacted, so that the demolding of the part and the exhaust of gas in the heating and curing process are facilitated.
Preferably, in the step (6), after the forming die is placed on the hot press, square steels higher than the forming die are respectively placed on two sides of the forming die, after the temperature of the part reaches about 70 ℃, the square steels on the two sides are taken off, and then contact pressure is applied to heat and solidify according to relevant technological parameters.
The principle is as follows: the method comprises the steps of placing a metal piece after surface treatment, a foam block and a composite material wedge-shaped cushion block which are formed in advance on a specified workbench in a clean room according to requirements, paving and pasting the composite material skin according to the design and paving requirements by utilizing a customized skin auxiliary paving and pasting forming die, pre-compacting, taking down the composite material skin, paving a layer of complete adhesive film on the inner surface, pre-compacting on the skin auxiliary paving and pasting forming die, removing gas wrapped by prepreg and the adhesive film in the paving and pasting process, assembling the metal piece, the composite material wedge-shaped cushion block, the foam block and the skin on the customized mould pressing co-curing forming die through the adhesive film, positioning the whole structural piece through a hole in the metal piece, and ensuring that the gluing quality, the skin thickness, the surface quality and the hole position of the metal piece of a cured product meet the design requirements.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages: the requirements of product manufacture and quality are met, and subsequent assembly work is smoothly carried out through the metal piece and the manufacturing cost is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a skin auxiliary paving and forming mold according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional end view of a skin in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of an end face of a skin auxiliary paving and pasting forming die in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a mold pressing co-curing molding positioning tool in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a view A-A of FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a view B-B of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of an interference prevention auxiliary tool in an embodiment of the invention;
in the figure, 1, part edge line; 2. paving and pasting the margin edge line; 3. the position of the positioning is carried out by utilizing the hole on the metal piece; 4. positioning pins; 5. taking a mold groove after the part on the upper mold is solidified; 6. taking a mold groove after the part on the lower mold is solidified; 7. a part end face; 8. buckling the lug bosses; 9. aligning the plates; 10. compared with the end face of the plate.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying figures 1-7: a method of compression co-curing for a sandwich structure, comprising the steps of:
(1) manufacturing method of skin auxiliary paving forming die
The skin auxiliary paving and sticking forming die shown in figure 1 is manufactured, the curvature of a molded surface is required to be larger than that of a molded surface of a theoretical skin inner cavity, and a paving allowance edge line 2 is determined on the outer side of a part edge line 1 according to the process requirement, so that the skin can be completely paved, and after a glue film is paved on the skin, the metal piece, a cushion block and the radian part of the foam block skin are integrally wrapped without wrinkles;
2) manufacturing method of mould pressing co-curing forming positioning tool
The mold pressing co-curing forming positioning tool shown in fig. 4 is manufactured, and the position 3 where the holes on the metal piece are required to be positioned is determined by the positioning mode of the holes on the metal piece, so that the condition that the thicknesses of the wet skin are inconsistent due to the deviation of the metal piece after curing forming is avoided, and the part shows the hole site error of the metal piece during subsequent assembly work. The mould pressing co-curing forming positioning tool comprises an upper mould and a lower mould, wherein positioning holes are formed in the corresponding positions of the upper mould and the lower mould, and the upper mould and the lower mould are positioned through positioning pins 4 matched with the positioning holes; mold taking grooves are designed at the places where two ends of the metal part in the upper mold and the lower mold are contacted, namely the mold taking groove 5 after the part on the upper mold is solidified and the mold taking groove 6 after the part on the lower mold is solidified, so that the demolding of the part and the exhaust of gas in the heating and solidifying process are facilitated. The positioning of the part cannot be influenced by the die taking groove, and after the upper die and the lower die are assembled in the positioning tool, one part of the end face 7 of the part and the end face of the part attached to the molded surfaces of the upper die and the lower die can be seen from the die taking groove;
(3) manufacture of anti-interference auxiliary tool for key size detection
Manufacturing an anti-interference auxiliary tool shown in fig. 7, wherein the anti-interference auxiliary tool comprises a buckling boss 8 and a comparison plate 9, the buckling boss 8 is required to be matched with a metal piece hole to reach f7, the height of the buckling boss 8 is 1.3-4.5 mm, the height of a chamfer part on the buckling boss is 0.3-0.5 mm, the length of the comparison plate 9 is the upper limit and the lower limit of the theoretical size required by design, the tolerance requirement is more than +/-0.1, and the roughness of the comparison plate end face 10 is required to be more than 1.6;
(4) covering paving paste
Paving the skin on the skin auxiliary paving forming die according to the design paving layer of the part, performing pre-compaction on the forming die after paving, removing gas wrapped in the paving process, and enabling the paved skin to have certain shape-keeping force so as to facilitate the development of subsequent work;
(5) adhesive film for gluing on skin
Paving a layer of complete adhesive film on the surface of the inner cavity of the paved skin, placing the complete adhesive film on an auxiliary paving forming die of the skin for pre-compaction after paving, removing gas wrapped in the adhesive film paving process, and trimming off excessive adhesive films after pre-compaction; if the pre-compaction is carried out, the rubber film still has a bulged place, and the gas is not removed, the bulged place of the rubber film wrapped with the gas is scratched by a blade, and the pre-compaction is carried out again to ensure that the surface of the skin does not generate wrinkles after the curing and forming;
(6) adhesive film for gluing metal piece, cushion block and foam block
The method comprises the steps of placing a metal piece wrapped by a skin with a spread adhesive film on a forming die, spreading 1-3 layers of adhesive films between the metal piece and a foam block, between the foam block and a cushion block, and between the cushion block and the metal piece, spreading the layers of the adhesive films according to the actual conditions of the cushion block and the foam block, and increasing or decreasing the number of the layers of the adhesive film spread and pasted in a local area so as to ensure that the appearance of the part after heating, curing and forming is within a tolerance range allowed by design.
(7) Co-curing
Placing a forming die on a hot press, placing square steels with the height about 10-30 mm higher than that of the forming die on two sides of the forming die respectively, taking the square steels on the two sides after the temperature of a part reaches about 70 ℃, and then applying contact pressure to heat and solidify according to relevant technological parameters;
(8) nondestructive testing
Carrying out nondestructive testing on the gluing quality of the part by using nondestructive testing equipment as required;
(9) key size detection
The distance from the edge of the skin at the front edge of the part to the hole center of the metal piece is compared by using a special anti-interference auxiliary tool, and the design requirement can be met between the upper limit range and the lower limit range of the anti-interference auxiliary tool.
Claims (5)
1. A mould pressing co-curing forming method suitable for a sandwich structural member is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) manufacturing a skin auxiliary paving forming die: the paving and pasting device is used for paving and pasting the metal piece, the foam block and the cushion block into the sandwich structural member according to the design paving requirement, and the molded surface of the paving and pasting device has larger curvature than the molded surface of the inner cavity of the theoretical skin;
(2) manufacturing a mould pressing co-curing forming positioning tool: the positioning device comprises an upper die and a lower die, and is used for positioning the whole sandwich structural member during curing by using holes at two ends of a metal piece;
(3) paving and pasting skin: paving the skin auxiliary paving forming die according to the design paving layer of the sandwich structural member, performing pre-compaction on the forming die after paving, and removing gas wrapped in the paving process;
(4) paving an adhesive film for gluing on the skin: paving a layer of complete adhesive film on the surface of the inner cavity of the paved sandwich structural member, placing the laminated structural member on a skin auxiliary paving 1.5 sticking forming die for pre-compaction after paving, removing gas wrapped in the adhesive film paving process, and trimming off excessive adhesive films after pre-compaction;
(5) glue the spread of gluing the film among the metal piece, the cushion block and the foam block: coating the metal piece on the sandwich structural piece with the spread adhesive film, and placing the metal piece on a forming die, and spreading the adhesive film between the metal piece and the foam block, between the foam block and the cushion block, and between the cushion block and the metal piece;
(6) co-curing: placing the forming die on a hot press, applying contact pressure to heat and solidify according to relevant technological parameters;
(7) detecting key sizes: detecting the distance from the edge of the skin at the front edge of the sandwich structural member to the hole center of the metal member by using an anti-interference auxiliary tool; the interference prevention auxiliary tool comprises a pair of plates and a buckling boss, wherein the buckling boss is arranged at one end of the pair of plates and matched with a hole in a metal piece, and the length of the pair of plates is the upper limit and the lower limit of the theoretical size of the design requirement.
2. A press co-cure molding process for sandwich structures according to claim 1, wherein: the height of the buckling lug boss is 1.3 mm-4.5 mm.
3. A press co-cure molding process for sandwich structures according to claim 2, wherein: the height of the chamfer part on the fastening lug boss is 0.3 mm-0.5 mm.
4. A press co-cure molding process for sandwich structures according to claim 1, wherein: the mould pressing co-curing forming positioning tool comprises an upper mould and a lower mould, wherein positioning holes are formed in the corresponding positions of the upper mould and the lower mould and used for positioning the upper mould and the lower mould; mold taking grooves are designed at the positions where two ends of the metal piece in the upper mold and the lower mold are contacted, so that the demolding of the part and the exhaust of gas in the heating and curing process are facilitated.
5. A press co-cure molding process for sandwich structures according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (6), after the forming die is placed on the hot press, square steel with the height higher than that of the forming die is placed on each of two sides of the forming die, after the temperature of the part reaches 70 ℃, the square steel on the two sides is taken off, and then contact pressure is applied to heat and solidify.
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| CN201910948332.5A CN110682557B (en) | 2019-10-08 | 2019-10-08 | Mould pressing co-curing forming method suitable for sandwich structural member |
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| CN110682557B true CN110682557B (en) | 2022-03-15 |
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| CN102490899A (en) * | 2011-12-14 | 2012-06-13 | 中国人民解放军总参谋部第六十研究所 | Composite rotor blade for unmanned helicopter and manufacturing method thereof |
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