CN110681851A - Compositely-thrown steel ladle chromium drainage agent with ultrahigh self-pouring rate - Google Patents
Compositely-thrown steel ladle chromium drainage agent with ultrahigh self-pouring rate Download PDFInfo
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- CN110681851A CN110681851A CN201911088565.9A CN201911088565A CN110681851A CN 110681851 A CN110681851 A CN 110681851A CN 201911088565 A CN201911088565 A CN 201911088565A CN 110681851 A CN110681851 A CN 110681851A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/44—Consumable closure means, i.e. closure means being used only once
Abstract
The compositely-fed steel ladle chromium drainage agent with the ultrahigh self-pouring rate comprises a chromium drainage agent A and a chromium drainage agent B, wherein the chromium drainage agent A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of 20-60-mesh high-temperature calcined silica sand, 5-10 parts of 20-60-mesh forged Baozhu sand, 5-10 parts of 20-60-mesh zircon sand, 65-80 parts of 20-60-mesh chromium concentrate, 0.2-0.5 part of carbon black and 0.2-0.5 part of graphite; the chromic drainage agent B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of 20-60-mesh chromium concentrate, 40-60 parts of 20-60-mesh water-washed silica sand, 0.2-0.5 part of carbon black and 0.2-0.5 part of graphite. The invention accurately realizes the 100 percent self-casting effect under the condition that the smelting condition of a steel mill is basically stable; the waste of energy sources is reduced, and meanwhile, the potential safety hazard is also reduced; greatly reduces unnecessary loss of the chromium drainage agent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of flux materials for steel ladles, in particular to a chromium drainage agent for a steel ladle with an ultrahigh self-pouring rate, and a feeding method and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The ladle drainage agent is mainly used for ladle molten steel drainage, the small and medium ladle drainage in the prior art mainly uses the silica drainage agent, and the molten steel drainage of the large and medium ladles mainly uses the chromium drainage agent. The casting is carried out by adopting a single-variety casting mode of the drainage agent, the casting effect is good, but the casting start rate is not high, the casting start rate of the chromium drainage agent in each steel mill is about 92-99% at present and is unstable, once the chromium drainage agent is not self-cast, manual drainage operation is required, namely, an oxygen lance is used for blowing oxygen to the sliding nozzle. Therefore, the following disadvantages exist:
1. the self-pouring rates of the existing chromium drainage agents are different, so that the continuous and stable production operation of a steel mill is greatly influenced;
2. if the self-casting is not carried out, manual drainage operation is required, which not only causes energy waste but also influences the steelmaking production efficiency of a steel mill, and simultaneously has great potential safety hazard;
3. packaging material effects: the existing packaging mode of the drainage agent is a common plastic lining bag, and if the plastic lining is also put into the bag, the uncertainty of sintering and melting of the plastic lining bag also influences the self-pouring rate of the drainage agent.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compositely-fed steel ladle chromium drainage agent with an ultrahigh self-pouring rate, and the pouring rate is improved by optimizing the technical scheme of the drainage agent, changing the feeding mode of a steel mill, optimizing a packaging material and other measures. The two drainage agents are the best ingredients determined by chemical thermodynamics and phase diagram, the chromium drainage agent A can be rapidly sintered and crusted in a low-temperature state, and the chromium drainage agent A is formed in SiO2-Al2O3In a ternary phase diagram of-FeO, the ingredients in the chromium drainage agent A fall in a triangular area (see figure 3) of hercynite (1780 ℃), fayalite (1205 ℃) and cordierite (1210 ℃), the liquid phase temperature is 1205 ℃ at the beginning, the equilibrium phase is liquid phase and hercynite after the reaction at 1600 ℃, the liquid phase accounts for 73 percent and the hercynite accounts for 27 percent by calculation, and the hercynite can be rapidly sintered and crusts within the proportion range. The chromium drainage agent B is prepared in a triangular region (see figure 3) of hercynite (1780 ℃), mullite (1850 ℃) and quartz (1723 ℃), the temperature of the liquid phase which begins to form is 1723 ℃, and the equilibrium phase is a liquid phase and is mixed after the reaction at 1850 DEG CMullite, forming a high melting point mineral phase. When the system is actually used in a steel mill, the launching mode of the invention is adopted. The problem of low casting rate of the drainage agent can be solved, the self-casting rate of the continuous casting ladle is greatly improved, and the smooth production of a steel mill is ensured. The invention has higher casting rate, lower steel-making cost and safer personnel operation.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the compositely-fed steel ladle chromium drainage agent with the ultrahigh self-pouring rate comprises a chromium drainage agent A and a chromium drainage agent B, wherein the chromium drainage agent A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of 20-60-mesh high-temperature calcined silica sand, 5-10 parts of 20-60-mesh forged Baozhu sand, 5-10 parts of 20-60-mesh zircon sand, 65-80 parts of 20-60-mesh chromium concentrate, 0.2-0.5 part of carbon black and 0.2-0.5 part of graphite; the chromic drainage agent B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of 20-60-mesh chromium concentrate, 40-60 parts of 20-60-mesh water-washed silica sand, 0.2-0.5 part of carbon black and 0.2-0.5 part of graphite.
Cr in the chromium concentrate2O3≥45wt％、Fe2O3≤28.5wt％、SiO2≤10wt％。
SiO in the high-temperature calcined silica sand2≤96wt％。
Al in the forged Baozhu sand2O3≥70wt％。
ZrO in the zircon sand2≥70wt％。
The temperature of the liquid phase formed by the chromic flow guiding agent A is 1150-1250 ℃, the equilibrium phase is liquid phase and hercynite after the reaction at 1550-1650 ℃, the liquid phase accounts for 70-75 percent and the hercynite accounts for 25-30 percent by calculation, and the chromic flow guiding agent A can be rapidly sintered and rapidly crusts in the proportion range.
The solid phase sintering temperature of the chromic drainage agent B is more than or equal to 1723 ℃.
The production method of the compositely-fed steel ladle chromium drainage agent with the ultrahigh self-pouring rate comprises the following steps:
determining the total primary production according to the production capacity of the mixing mill; various raw materials are prepared according to the parts by weight. The preparation method of the chromium drainage agent A comprises the following steps: adding high-temperature calcined silica sand, zircon sand, forged Baozhu sand and carbon black into a stirring device, stirring for more than 3 minutes, adding chromium concentrate and graphite after the high-temperature calcined silica sand, the zircon sand and the forged Baozhu sand are dyed black, stirring for 2-3 minutes, and discharging;
the preparation method of the chromium drainage agent B comprises the following steps: adding the washed silica sand and the carbon black into a stirring device, stirring for more than 3 minutes, adding the chromium concentrate and the graphite after the washed silica sand is dyed black, stirring for 2-3 minutes, and discharging.
The method for feeding the compositely-fed steel ladle chromium drainage agent with the ultrahigh self-casting rate comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting a chromium drainage agent B into a water gap to 2/3-3/4 of the depth of the water gap; then, adding a chromium drainage agent A to the height of the upper surface of the nozzle pocket brick;
when tapping, the molten steel washes away the drainage agent on the upper surface of the part, and simultaneously forms a liquid mixture with the drainage agent below, namely a liquid melting layer, and a solid-phase sintering layer is formed rapidly on the lower part of the melting layer along with heat transmission, and the lower part of the solid-phase sintering layer is a scattered drainage agent.
And respectively packaging the chromium drainage agent A and the chromium drainage agent B by adopting EVA plastic packaging bags. Accurately calculating the dosage of the chromium drainage agent A and the chromium drainage agent B which are put in each time according to the size of the nozzle pocket brick on site, purchasing EVA packaging bags which are ordered according to the size of the inner cavity of the nozzle, and respectively filling the two drainage agents with specified weight.
The high-temperature calcined silica sand is subjected to high-temperature calcination treatment at the temperature of 700-900 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method adopts a safe throwing mode of two chromium drainage agents for the first time, and can accurately realize the 100 percent self-pouring effect from the material angle under the condition that the smelting conditions of a steel mill are basically stable through the scheme design of two drainage agents with different melting points and the throwing thickness design, thereby meeting the requirement of high-efficiency production of the steel mill;
2. because the self-watering rate is greatly improved, the original manual drainage operation can be basically cancelled, thereby reducing the waste of energy sources and simultaneously reducing the potential safety hazard;
3. the dosage of the two chromium drainage agents is scientifically designed, so that the actual utilization rate of the chromium drainage agent is close to 100 percent, and the meaningless loss of the chromium drainage agent is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing a state of a drainage agent after molten steel is poured.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of drainage agent delivery of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is SiO2-Al2O3FeO is like equilibrium diagram.
In the figure: 1-ladle bottom, 2-brick cup, 3-fixed plate, 4-sliding plate, 5-ladle wall, 6-upper nozzle, 7-drainage agent, 8-throwing platform, 9-chromium drainage agent A, 10-chromium drainage agent B, 11-upper nozzle brick cup and 12-lower nozzle brick cup;
①, preparation stage, ②, administration of a chromium drainage agent B, and ③, administration of a chromium drainage agent A.
Detailed Description
The following further illustrates embodiments of the invention:
example 1:
taking the refining secondary area of a certain large steel mill in northeast as an example, 100 tons of steel ladles consume nearly 50 kilograms of the original chromium drainage agent in each ladle, and the self-pouring rate is 96 percent. The manufacturing process comprises the processes of raw material detection → raw material drying → batching → mixing → finished product drying → packaging → steel mill putting and the like, wherein the product scheme is shown in the table 1, and the physical and chemical indexes of the raw materials of the drainage agent are shown in the table 2:
TABLE 1 product proportioning table
TABLE 2 physical and chemical indexes of the raw materials of the drainage agent
The preparation method of the drainage agent comprises the following steps: 1) determining the total primary production according to the production capacity of the mixing mill; 2) various raw materials are prepared according to the parts by weight. 3) Chromic drainage agent A: adding high-temperature calcined silica sand, zircon sand, forged Baozhu sand and carbon black into a stirring device, stirring for 4 minutes, after the high-temperature calcined silica sand, the zircon sand and the forged Baozhu sand are dyed black, adding chromium concentrate and graphite, stirring for 3 minutes, and discharging. A chromic drainage agent B: adding the washed silica sand and the carbon black into a stirring device, stirring for 4 minutes, adding the chromium concentrate and the graphite after the washed silica sand is dyed black, stirring for 2-3 minutes, and discharging.
The steel mill putting method of the drainage agent comprises the following steps: see fig. 2 and 1) accurately calculating the use amounts of the chromium drainage agent A and the chromium drainage agent B which are respectively 14 kg of the chromium drainage agent A and 26 kg of the chromium drainage agent B in each time according to the size of the nozzle brick on site. Then purchasing EVA packaging bags made according to the size of the inner cavity of the water gap, and respectively filling two drainage agents with specified weight. 2) Firstly, the chromium drainage agent B is put into the position of the depth 2/3 of the water gap. 3) Finally, the chromium drainage agent A is added.
The novel chromium drainage agent is implemented in refining secondary work areas of certain large steel mills in northeast China, and the effect is very obvious. The method comprises the steps of respectively testing 50 cans of 100 tons of steel ladles by using an original chromium drainage agent and a novel chromium drainage agent, wherein each can consumes 51.1 kilograms of the original chromium drainage agent, and the self-pouring rate is 96.1 percent. The novel chromium drainage agent consumes 39.6 kilograms in each tank, and the self-watering rate is 99.5 percent.
The principle of the invention is as follows:
2/3 in the nozzle is thrown into the chromium drainage agent B according to the size of the nozzle in the steel mill. The upper layer of the water gap is added with a chromium drainage agent A. When tapping, the molten steel washes away the drainage agent on the upper surface of the part and simultaneously forms a liquid mixture, namely a liquid melting layer, with the drainage agent below. Along with the heat transmission, a solid-phase sintering layer is rapidly formed on the lower part of the melting layer. The lower part of the solid-phase sintering layer is provided with a scattered drainage agent as shown in figure 1.
Along with the prolonging of the residence time of the molten steel and the change of the temperature, the liquid melting layer and the solid-phase sintering layer keep dynamic balance, when the sliding water gap is opened during continuous casting, the loose drainage agent at the lower part flows down under the action of the gravity of the sliding water gap, and the solid-phase sintering layer is damaged under the action of the static pressure of the molten steel, so that the automatic casting of the molten steel is realized.
In the using process of the invention, the chromium drainage agent A can be rapidly sintered and crusted at the molten steel temperature state, and the chromium drainage agent B exists in a solid phase at the molten steel temperature state and is not sintered. Therefore, the chromium drainage agent A can bear the downward pressure of the steel ladle molten steel, protect the lower chromium drainage agent B from being dispersed and contacting the molten steel, and keep the chromium drainage agent B not sintered for a long time, so that the chromium drainage agent A flows out quickly when casting, and the remaining chromium drainage agent A cannot independently bear the downward pressure of the steel ladle molten steel to be disintegrated, thereby realizing the self-casting of the molten steel.
The drainage agent optimizes a packaging material, selects a low-melting-point EVA packaging bag, and utilizes various plastic resins and various additives to be mixed together so as to change the performance of plastics and obtain a novel functional polymer material. The EVA new material is blown into a film by an extruder, and the melting point is low. At the moment that the drainage agent is put into the water gap, the EVA plastic packaging bag is melted and volatilized, so that residues are not left due to sintering, and the self-pouring rate of the drainage agent is further influenced.
Claims (10)
1. The compositely-fed steel ladle chromium drainage agent with the ultrahigh self-pouring rate is characterized by comprising a chromium drainage agent A and a chromium drainage agent B, wherein the chromium drainage agent A is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-15 parts of 20-60-mesh high-temperature calcined silica sand, 5-10 parts of 20-60-mesh forged Baozhu sand, 5-10 parts of 20-60-mesh zircon sand, 65-80 parts of 20-60-mesh chromium concentrate, 0.2-0.5 part of carbon black and 0.2-0.5 part of graphite; the chromic drainage agent B is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of 20-60-mesh chromium concentrate, 40-60 parts of 20-60-mesh water-washed silica sand, 0.2-0.5 part of carbon black and 0.2-0.5 part of graphite.
2. The compositely-fed steel ladle chromium drainage agent with ultrahigh self-pouring rate according to claim 1, wherein the Cr in the chromium concentrate is2O3≥45wt％、Fe2O3≤28.5wt％、SiO2≤10wt％。
3. The compositely-dosed ultrahigh self-casting rate ladle chromium drainage agent according to claim 1, wherein the high-temperature calcined silicon isSiO in sand2≤96wt％。
4. The compositely-fed steel ladle chromium drainage agent with ultrahigh self-pouring rate according to claim 1, wherein Al in the forged Baozhu sand is2O3≥70wt％。
5. The compositely-dosed ultrahigh-self-casting-rate ladle chromium drainage agent according to claim 1, wherein ZrO in the zircon sand is ZrO2≥70wt％。
6. The compositely-fed ladle chromium flow guiding agent with ultrahigh self-pouring rate as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the liquid phase formed by the chromium flow guiding agent A is 1150-.
7. The compositely-dosed steel ladle chromium drainage agent with an ultrahigh self-pouring rate according to claim 1, wherein the solid-phase sintering temperature of the chromium drainage agent B is more than or equal to 1723 ℃.
8. The method for producing the ultrahigh self-casting ladle chromium drainage agent compositely put according to any one of claims 1 to 5, is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the preparation method of the chromium drainage agent A comprises the following steps: stirring the high-temperature calcined silica sand, the zircon sand, the forged Baozhu sand and the carbon black for more than 3 minutes, adding the chromium concentrate and the graphite after the high-temperature calcined silica sand, the zircon sand and the forged Baozhu sand are dyed black, stirring for 2-3 minutes, and discharging;
the preparation method of the chromium drainage agent B comprises the following steps: and stirring the washed silica sand and the carbon black for more than 3 minutes, adding the chromium concentrate and the graphite after the washed silica sand is dyed black, stirring for 2-3 minutes, and discharging.
9. The method for delivering the ultrahigh self-casting ladle chromium drainage agent in a combined manner as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, putting a chromium drainage agent B into a water gap to 2/3-3/4 of the depth of the water gap; then, adding a chromium drainage agent A to the height of the upper surface of the nozzle pocket brick;
when tapping, the molten steel washes away the drainage agent on the upper surface of the part, and simultaneously forms a liquid mixture with the drainage agent below, namely a liquid melting layer, and a solid-phase sintering layer is formed rapidly on the lower part of the melting layer along with heat transmission, and the lower part of the solid-phase sintering layer is a scattered drainage agent.
10. The method for casting the compositely-cast steel ladle chromium drainage agent with the ultrahigh self-pouring rate according to claim 9, characterized in that an EVA plastic packaging bag is adopted to respectively package the chromium drainage agent A and the chromium drainage agent B.
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