CN110680419A

CN110680419A - Device for efficiently taking sample through natural cavity

Info

Publication number: CN110680419A
Application number: CN201910998552.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟海鹏; 于刚; 孟庆国; 高晶晶
Original assignee: Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Qingdao
Current assignee: Qilu Hospital of Shandong University Qingdao
Priority date: 2019-10-21
Filing date: 2019-10-21
Publication date: 2020-01-14

Abstract

The invention provides a device for efficiently taking a specimen through a natural cavity, which comprises: the opening piece is suitable for being inserted into the abdominal cavity from the natural cavity, opening the natural cavity and establishing a hard channel for communicating the abdominal cavity with the outside; the specimen middle rotating drum is provided with an accommodating space suitable for temporarily storing a specimen, and a first opening and a second opening which are communicated with the accommodating space; the first opening is detachably connected with one end, located outside, of the strutting piece; the negative pressure suction machine is detachably connected with the second opening, and generates negative pressure to suck the specimen in the abdominal cavity out of the accommodating space through the hard channel established by the opening piece. The device for efficiently taking out the specimen through the natural cavity solves the problems that the specimen with the maximum diameter of more than 3cm is easily hooped by the opening of the natural cavity and is not easy to take out, the specimen is easily torn by pulling the specimen with tools such as operating forceps and the like, and the specimen is not easy to take out completely after entering the interior of the propping piece.

Description

Device for efficiently taking sample through natural cavity

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of Natural Orifice Specific Extraction Surgery (NOSES) instruments for taking specimens through a Natural Orifice, in particular to a device for taking specimens through the Natural Orifice with high efficiency.

Background

The Surgery for taking a Specimen through a Natural Orifice Specific Extraction Surgery (NOSES) is an abdominal wall non-assisted incision Surgery in which a laparoscopic instrument or other equipment is used to complete an operation in an abdominal cavity, and then a Specimen is taken out through a Natural Orifice (rectum or vagina). The biggest difference between the operation and the conventional laparoscopic operation is that the specimen is taken out through a natural cavity, so that an auxiliary incision for taking the specimen from the abdominal wall is avoided, the surgical instrument has the advantages of smaller wound, basically no pain after the operation, quicker recovery and the like, and the postoperative abdominal wall only has a plurality of tiny scars, so that the cosmetic effect is good. At present, NOSES mainly relates to colorectal, gastric, small intestine, liver, gall, pancreas, spleen, gynecological tumors and the like, and has wide application.

The natural orifice is characterized by a large internal potential space and a narrow or normally closed opening under the force of muscle contraction (e.g., vagina, rectum). When the specimen is taken out through the natural cavity, the problem that the specimen is sent into the natural cavity from the abdominal cavity is not big generally, but the specimen sent into the natural cavity is further taken out from the body through the opening, which is difficult because the muscle contraction force at the opening of the natural cavity exists all the time. Initially, the opening of the natural orifice needs to be expanded, which is usually done by the operator with his hands, but once the force of expansion is lost (e.g. when the operator leaves the opening to get the specimen out of the space), the opening of the natural orifice is rapidly contracted. Generally speaking, when the maximum diameter of a sample taken out is less than or equal to 3cm, the resistance of the opening is easy to overcome, and for the sample with the maximum diameter exceeding 3cm, the rapidly contracted opening can be hooped on the sample, so that the sample is difficult to take out, the time consumed for taking the sample is obviously prolonged, and the operation and anesthesia injuries of a patient are increased. In most NOSES operations, a specimen needing to be taken out is a tumor, the larger the tumor is, the weaker the patient is, how to quickly take out a larger specimen through a natural cavity as much as possible, so that a larger incision is avoided for a patient, and great practical significance is provided for the patient. In addition, pathology examination is usually required after the specimen is taken out, the integrity of the specimen is important, and in the prior art, a part of the specimen is clamped by a surgical clamp and pulled outwards, so that the specimen is very easy to tear.

To sum up, though get the sample operation through natural chamber way and can reduce the wound, alleviate pain, the operation process is very big to medical personnel's physical demands, therefore how to reduce medical personnel's working strength, outwards takes out the sample through natural chamber way as far as high efficiency, is the technological problem that awaits solution in the trade.

Disclosure of Invention

Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the technical defects of large workload of medical staff and low specimen taking efficiency caused by the characteristics of a natural cavity and the requirement of specimen integrity in the prior art in the operation of taking the specimen through the natural cavity, thereby providing the specimen taking-out device which can reduce the workload of the medical staff and improve the specimen taking-out efficiency.

Therefore, the invention provides a device for efficiently taking a specimen through a natural cavity, which comprises:

the opening piece is suitable for being inserted into the abdominal cavity from the natural cavity, opening the natural cavity and establishing a hard channel for communicating the abdominal cavity with the outside;

the specimen middle rotating drum is provided with an accommodating space suitable for temporarily storing a specimen, and a first opening and a second opening which are communicated with the accommodating space; the first opening is detachably connected with one end, located outside, of the strutting piece;

the negative pressure suction machine is detachably connected with the second opening, and generates negative pressure to suck the specimen in the abdominal cavity out of the accommodating space through the hard channel established by the opening piece.

As a preferred aspect, the specimen middle rotating cylinder includes:

a first half drum having the first opening and a first half drum in communication with the first opening, the first half drum having an inner diameter greater than an inner diameter of the first opening;

a second half of the middle drum having the second opening and a second half of the drum in communication with the second opening, the second half of the drum having an inner diameter greater than an inner diameter of the second opening;

the open end of the first half cylinder is detachably butted with the open end of the second half cylinder to form the accommodating space.

Preferably, the first opening and the second opening of the rotating drum in the specimen are coaxially arranged oppositely;

or the first opening and the first half cylinder are coaxially arranged, and the second opening and the second half cylinder are not coaxially arranged.

As a preferred scheme, the first semi-cylinder is semi-spherical, the second semi-cylinder is semi-spherical, and the first semi-cylinder and the second semi-cylinder are in threaded connection.

As a preferred aspect, the spreader includes:

the first opening piece comprises a hollow first cylinder and a first semi-cylinder connected with one end of the first cylinder, and one end of the first semi-cylinder, which is far away from the first cylinder, is a smooth first arc edge;

the second opening part comprises a hollow second cylinder and a second semi-cylinder connected with one end of the second cylinder, and one end of the second semi-cylinder far away from the second cylinder is a smooth second arc edge;

the second opening part is rotatably arranged in the first opening part in a penetrating way, and a second cylindrical shape of the second opening part extends out of the first cylindrical shape of the first opening part by a certain length so as to be connected with the first opening;

the second spreader has a first position rotated to vertically stack the first semi-cylindrical shape and the second semi-cylindrical shape, and a second position rotated to vertically oppose the first semi-cylindrical shape and the second semi-cylindrical shape to form a passage;

and the limiting structure is arranged on the first spreading part and/or the second spreading part and is used for limiting the second spreading part at the first position or the second position.

As a preferable scheme, the outer wall of the second cylinder is provided with external threads, the inner wall of the first opening is provided with internal threads, and the second cylinder is in threaded connection with the first opening;

and/or, be equipped with the external screw thread on the outer wall of second opening, the end of the suction tube of negative pressure suction machine is equipped with the joint, be equipped with the internal thread on the inner wall that connects, the second opening with joint threaded connection.

Preferably, along the direction from the first cylindrical shape to the first semicylindrical shape, the section of the first cylindrical shape close to the first semicylindrical shape gradually decreases in outer diameter;

the first semi-cylindrical shape has an outer diameter greater than an outer diameter of the first cylindrical end portion to which it is attached.

As a preferred scheme, limit structure includes:

the limiting groove is arranged at one end of the first cylindrical shape, which is not connected with the first semi-cylindrical shape;

the limiting bulge is arranged at one end, which is not connected with the second semi-cylinder shape, of the second cylinder shape;

when the second spreading part rotates to enable the limiting protrusion to slide into the limiting groove, the second spreading part just rotates to the first position or the second position.

As a preferable scheme, the anti-skid device further comprises a first anti-skid stripe arranged on the outer wall of the first cylinder shape;

and/or a second anti-skid grain is arranged on the outer wall of the second semi-cylinder.

As a preferable scheme, the device also comprises an air leakage prevention cover; the leak protection gas cover includes:

a housing rotatably mounted at one end of the second cylindrical shape not connected to the second semi-cylindrical shape by a screw structure;

and the rubber piece is arranged inside the shell and provided with a cross-shaped notch.

The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following advantages:

1. the invention relates to a device for efficiently taking a specimen through a natural cavity, which comprises a spreading piece, a specimen middle rotary drum and a negative pressure suction machine, wherein the spreading piece is suitable for being inserted into an abdominal cavity from the outside through the natural cavity, spreading the natural cavity, establishing a hard channel (hard refers to certain strength and difficult deformation) for communicating the abdominal cavity with the outside, and then connecting the specimen middle rotary drum and the negative pressure suction machine; the device for efficiently taking out the specimen through the natural cavity solves the problems that the specimen with the maximum diameter of more than 3cm is easily hooped by the opening of the natural cavity and is not easy to take out, the specimen is easily torn by pulling the specimen with tools such as operating forceps and the like, and the specimen is not easy to take out completely after entering the interior of the propping piece.

2. The invention relates to a device for efficiently taking a sample through a natural orifice, wherein a middle rotating drum of the sample comprises a first half middle rotating drum and a second half middle rotating drum, the two half middle rotating drums are respectively provided with an opening and a half drum, the two half drums oppositely form an accommodating space, the inner diameters of the two half drums are larger than those of the two openings, under the suction action of a negative pressure suction machine, the sample enters the accommodating space from an abdominal cavity through a channel and the first opening which are established by a spreading piece, and the sample cannot be tightly extruded with the inner wall after entering the space due to the larger inner diameter of the accommodating space, and can be conveniently taken out from the accommodating space after the first half drum and the second half drum are opened.

3. According to the device for efficiently taking the sample through the natural orifice, the first opening and the second opening of the rotary drum in the sample are coaxially and oppositely arranged, or the first opening and the first half drum are coaxially arranged, and the second opening and the second half drum are not coaxially arranged.

4. According to the device for efficiently taking the specimen through the natural orifice, the opening piece comprises a first opening piece, a second opening piece and a limiting structure, the first opening piece is sleeved outside the second opening piece, and the first opening piece and the second opening piece can rotate relatively; when the second distraction piece rotates to the first position, the first semi-cylinder shape and the second semi-cylinder shape are overlapped up and down, and the end part of the distraction piece can be inserted into the natural cavity at the moment, so that the resistance is small; when the sample is inserted to a certain depth, the second semi-cylinder is rotated to a second position, the natural cavity can be slowly opened, and a channel suitable for taking out the sample is formed; the opening piece can continuously expand the natural cavity, and particularly can ensure that the specimen is not blocked at the opening of the natural cavity, so that the process of taking out the specimen through the natural cavity is smoother. The transparent hard plastic material is adopted, so that the passing condition of the specimen in the channel can be conveniently observed through the laparoscope, and a proper instrument is conveniently adopted, and the proper part is clamped and pulled out.

5. According to the device for efficiently taking the specimen through the natural cavity, the outer wall of the second cylinder is provided with the external thread, the inner wall of the first opening is provided with the internal thread, and the second cylinder is in threaded connection with the first opening; the outer wall of the second opening is provided with external threads, the tail end of a suction pipe of the negative pressure suction machine is provided with a joint, the inner wall of the joint is provided with internal threads, and the second opening is in threaded connection with the joint; firstly, the opening piece is inserted into a natural cavity, a hard channel is established, then a part of the specimen is pulled into the channel by adopting a surgical instrument, the second cylinder is connected with the first opening, the second opening is connected with the joint, the negative pressure suction machine is started, and the specimen is sucked outwards to the accommodating space of the rotary drum in the specimen.

6. According to the device for efficiently taking the specimen through the natural cavity, the outer diameter of a section of first cylinder close to the first semicylindrical shape is gradually reduced along the direction from the first cylinder to the first semicylindrical shape; the first semi-cylindrical portion has an outer diameter greater than an outer diameter of the first cylindrical end portion to which it is attached. When the opening member is inserted into the natural orifice, the flat first semi-cylindrical portion is easily inserted, and when the opening member is inserted to a position close to the first cylindrical portion, the opening of the natural orifice can be opened to the maximum by gradually rotating the second opening member to the second position and gradually sliding the opening member onto the outer wall of the first cylindrical portion; however, even if the opening of some patient natural cavity is expanded to the maximum, the second opening part can not be rotated to the second position, a part of the opening of the patient natural cavity can be firstly slid into one end of the first cylinder with the reduced outer diameter, then the second opening part is slowly rotated, the opening end of the natural cavity is slowly slid towards one end of the first cylinder with the reduced outer diameter until the opening of the patient natural cavity is completely slid to one end of the first cylinder, and by the arrangement, the outer diameter of one end of the first cylinder is slightly smaller, so that the limit stretching state of the opening of the patient natural cavity can be relieved, the tissue is prevented from being torn, and the first cylinder can be fixed at the opening of the patient natural cavity in an auxiliary manner and cannot easily slip.

7. The invention relates to a device for efficiently taking a specimen through a natural orifice, which comprises a limiting structure and a limiting structure, wherein the limiting structure comprises a limiting groove arranged on a first cylindrical shape and a limiting bulge arranged on a second cylindrical shape, and when a second opening part rotates to enable the limiting bulge to slide into the limiting groove, the second opening part just rotates to a first position or a second position. Limiting structure not only plays limiting displacement, can also indicate the operator the second to strut the rotation state of piece.

8. According to the device for efficiently taking the specimen through the natural orifice, the anti-skid lines are arranged on the outer wall of the first cylinder, so that the first opening piece inserted into the natural orifice of the patient can be prevented from sliding off; the outer wall of the second semicircle is provided with a second anti-slip pattern which can prevent the second opening part which rotates to the second position from slipping from the natural cavity of the patient; preferably, the second antiskid veins are arranged at a distance of at least 4cm from the second cylinder, so that the second antiskid veins can be ensured to be in contact with the mucous membrane on the inner surface of the natural cavity of the patient to generate antiskid friction force.

9. The device for efficiently taking the specimen through the natural cavity comprises a gas leakage prevention cover, wherein the gas leakage prevention cover is arranged at the second cylindrical position of the second strutting piece through a threaded structure, and can play a role in preventing gas leakage in the abdominal cavity no matter the strutting piece is inserted or a part of the specimen is dragged into the built channel by using an operating clamp. It should be noted that when the specimen enters the channel to block the end of the channel inside the human body, the outer gas-tight cover can be removed and the first opening can be used to connect the second cylinder since there is no gas leakage.

Drawings

To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the prior art or the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the prior art or the embodiments are briefly introduced below.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the device for efficiently taking a specimen through a natural orifice.

Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the drum of the standard of fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the drum in the second half.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the overall configuration of the second cylindrical shape of the spreader of FIG. 1 in a first position (leak proof gas shield installation).

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the overall configuration of the second cylindrical portion of the spreader of FIG. 1 in a second position (with the air leakage prevention cover not installed).

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the first distractor of fig. 4.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the second distractor of fig. 4.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the air leakage preventing cover of fig. 4.

Fig. 9 is a left side view of fig. 8.

Reference numerals: 10. a spreader; 1. a first spreader; 11. a first cylindrical shape; 12. a first semi-cylindrical shape; 13. a first arc edge; 14. a first anti-skid pattern; 2. a second spreader; 21. a second cylindrical shape; 22. a second semi-cylindrical shape; 23. a second arc edge; 24. a second anti-skid pattern; 31. a limiting groove; 32. a limiting bulge; 4. a channel; 5. a gas leakage prevention cover; 51. a housing; 52. a rubber member; 6. a negative pressure suction machine; 61. a suction tube; 62. a joint; 7. a specimen middle rotating drum; 70. an accommodating space; 71. a first opening; 72. a second opening; 73. a first half middle drum; 74. a second half middle rotating cylinder; 75. a first half cylinder; 76. a second cartridge half.

Detailed Description

The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail in the following with reference to the attached drawings of the specification.

Examples

This embodiment provides a sample device is got to natural chamber way high efficiency, as shown in fig. 1-2, includes: a spreader 10 adapted to be inserted into the abdominal cavity from the natural orifice, spreading the natural orifice, and establishing a rigid passage 4 through which the abdominal cavity communicates with the outside; the specimen middle rotating drum 7 is provided with a containing space 70 suitable for temporarily storing the specimen, and a first opening 71 and a second opening 72 which are communicated with the containing space 70; the first opening 71 is detachably connected with one end of the expansion member 10, which is located outside; the negative pressure suction machine 6 is detachably connected with the second opening 72, and generates negative pressure to suck the specimen in the abdominal cavity into the accommodating space 70 through the hard channel established by the opening member 10.

According to the device for efficiently taking the specimen through the natural orifice, the opening piece 10 is suitable for being inserted into the abdomen from the outside through the natural orifice, opening the natural orifice, establishing the hard passage 4 for communicating the abdominal cavity with the outside, then connecting the specimen middle rotary drum 7 and the negative pressure suction machine 6, when one part of the specimen is sent into the passage 4 and one end opening of the passage 4 is blocked, starting the negative pressure suction machine 6 to generate negative pressure, and sucking the specimen into the accommodating space 70 of the specimen middle rotary drum 7 through the passage 4 established by the opening piece 10; the problem of the sample that the maximum diameter exceeded 3cm is banded easily by nature chamber way opening part and is difficult for taking out is solved to the high efficiency sample remove device through nature chamber way of this embodiment, has solved and has used instruments such as operation pincers to drag the sample and tear the problem with the sample easily, has still solved the sample and has entered into the difficult complete problem of taking out after strutting the piece inside.

As shown in fig. 2, the specimen middle drum 7 includes: a first half drum 73 having said first opening 71, and a first half drum 75 communicating with said first opening 71, said first half drum 75 having an inner diameter larger than an inner diameter of said first opening 71; a second half of a drum 74 having the second opening 72, and a second half of a drum 76 in communication with the second opening 72, the second half of the drum 76 having an inner diameter greater than the inner diameter of the second opening 72; the open end of the first half-cylinder 75 is detachably abutted with the open end of the second half-cylinder 76 to form the accommodating space 70.

Under the suction effect of the negative pressure suction machine 6, the specimen enters the accommodating space 70 from the abdominal cavity through the channel 4 established by the spreader 10 and the first opening 71, and because the inner diameter of the accommodating space 70 is large, the specimen cannot be tightly extruded with the inner wall after entering the space, and after the first half tube 75 and the second half tube 76 are opened, the specimen can be conveniently taken out from the accommodating space 70.

In this embodiment, the first opening 71 and the second opening 72 of the bowl 7 in the specimen are coaxially opposed to each other.

Preferably, the first opening 71 is coaxially disposed with the first half cylinder 75, and the second opening 72 is not coaxially disposed with the second half cylinder 76; when the specimen is sucked by the vacuum suction machine 6, the first opening 71 is kept horizontal, and the second opening 72 is inclined upward, so that the specimen naturally falls under the action of gravity without blocking the second opening 72 when the specimen is sucked into the accommodating space 70.

The first half cylinder 75 is semi-spherical, the second half cylinder 76 is semi-spherical, and the first half cylinder 75 and the second half cylinder 76 are screwed through threads.

The length of the opening piece 10 is 18cm, so that the opening piece can conveniently extend into tools such as surgical forceps and the like, one part of the specimen is pulled into the channel 4, one end of the channel 4, which is positioned in the abdominal cavity, is blocked, and the subsequent negative pressure suction is convenient. The length of the spreader 10 can generally be selected within the range of 15-20cm in length.

As shown in fig. 4-7, the spreader 10 includes: the first spreader 1 comprises a hollow first cylindrical shape 11 and a first semi-cylindrical shape 12 connected with one end of the first cylindrical shape 11, wherein one end of the first semi-cylindrical shape 12 far away from the first cylindrical shape 11 is a round first arc edge 13; the second strut 2 comprises a hollow second cylindrical shape 21 and a second semi-cylindrical shape 22 connected with one end of the second cylindrical shape 21, and one end of the second semi-cylindrical shape 22 far away from the second cylindrical shape 21 is a smooth second arc edge 23; the second spreader 2 is rotatably inserted into the first spreader 1, and the second cylinder 21 of the second spreader 2 extends out of the first cylinder 11 of the first spreader 1 by a certain length to connect with the first opening 71; the second spreader 2 has a first position rotated to superimpose the first semi-cylindrical shape 12 and the second semi-cylindrical shape 22 up and down, and a second position rotated to oppose the first semi-cylindrical shape 12 and the second semi-cylindrical shape 22 up and down to form a passage 4; and the limiting structure is arranged on the first spreading part 1 and/or the second spreading part 2 and is used for limiting the second spreading part 2 at the first position or the second position.

The opening member 10 of the present embodiment can continuously expand the natural orifice, and particularly can ensure that the specimen is not blocked at the opening of the natural orifice, so that the process of taking out the specimen through the natural orifice is smoother. The transparent hard plastic material is adopted, so that the passing condition of the specimen in the channel can be conveniently observed through the laparoscope, and a proper instrument is conveniently adopted, and the proper part is clamped and pulled out.

The outer wall of the second cylinder 21 is provided with external threads, the inner wall of the first opening 71 is provided with internal threads, and the second cylinder 21 is in threaded connection with the first opening 71; the outer wall of the second opening 72 is provided with external threads, the tail end of the suction pipe 61 of the negative pressure suction machine 6 is provided with a joint 62, the inner wall of the joint 62 is provided with internal threads, and the second opening 72 is in threaded connection with the joint 62.

In the direction from the first cylindrical shape 11 to the first semi-cylindrical shape 12, the section of the first cylindrical shape 11 near the first semi-cylindrical shape 12 is gradually reduced in outer diameter; the first cylindrical half-cylinder 12 has an outer diameter larger than that of the end portion of the first cylindrical half-cylinder 11 connected thereto. When the spreader 10 is inserted into the natural orifice, the flat first semi-cylindrical section 12 is easier to insert, and when the spreader is inserted to a position close to the first cylindrical section 11, the second spreader 2 needs to be gradually rotated to a second position to spread the opening of the natural orifice to the maximum and gradually slide into the outer wall of the first cylindrical section 11; however, even if the opening of some patient's natural orifice is expanded to the maximum, the second spreader 2 cannot be rotated to the second position, a part of the patient's natural orifice can be slid into one end of the first cylinder 11 whose outer diameter has been reduced, and then the second spreader 2 is slowly rotated to slowly slide the opening end of the natural orifice toward one end of the first cylinder 11 whose outer diameter has been reduced until the opening of the patient's natural orifice is completely slid to one end of the first cylinder 11.

The limit structure comprises: a limit recess 31 provided at one end of the first cylindrical shape 11 not connected to the first semi-cylindrical shape 12; a limit protrusion 32, which is disposed at one end of the second cylinder 21 not connected to the second semi-cylinder 22; when the second spreading member 2 rotates to make the limiting protrusion 32 slide into the limiting groove 31, the second spreading member 2 just rotates to the first position or the second position. Limiting structure not only plays limiting displacement, can also indicate the operator second to strut the rotation state of piece 2.

The number of the limiting grooves 31 is at least two, and the limiting grooves are uniformly arranged at one end of the first cylindrical shape 11, which is not connected with the first semi-cylindrical shape 12; the number of the limiting protrusions 32 is at least two, and the limiting protrusions are uniformly arranged at one end of the second cylindrical shape 21, which is not connected with the second semi-cylindrical shape 22.

As an improvement, the

codes

1 and 2 can be arranged at the position of the limiting groove 31, the

codes

1 and 2 are also arranged at the position of the limiting protrusion 32, and when the code 1 on the limiting groove 31 is aligned with the code 1 on the limiting protrusion 32 and the code 2 on the limiting groove 31 is aligned with the code 2 on the limiting protrusion 32, it indicates that the second spreading member 2 is at the first position at this time; when the code 1 on the limiting groove 31 is aligned with the code 2 on the limiting protrusion 32 and the code 2 on the limiting groove 31 is aligned with the code 1 on the limiting protrusion 32, it indicates that the second spreading member 2 is at the second position.

A plurality of limiting grooves 31 and limiting protrusions 32 can be arranged according to actual requirements. For example, when the second spreader 2 is difficult to rotate inside the first spreader 1, a plurality of stopper grooves 31 and stopper protrusions 32 may be provided, gradually sliding from one stopper groove 31 to the next stopper groove 31 until rotating to the second position.

The first anti-slip threads 14 are arranged on the outer wall of the first cylinder 11 and can prevent the first opening piece inserted into the natural cavity of the patient from slipping off; the outer wall of the second semi-cylinder 22 is provided with second anti-slip threads 24 which can prevent the second spreader 2 which rotates to the second position from slipping from the natural orifice of the patient; preferably, the second antiskid thread 24 is arranged at least 4cm away from the second cylinder 21, so that the second antiskid thread 24 can be ensured to generate antiskid friction with the mucous membrane on the inner surface of the patient's natural cavity.

As shown in fig. 4, 5, 8 and 9, comprises an air leakage prevention cover 5; the gas leakage preventing cover 5 includes: a housing 51 rotatably mounted on one end of the second cylindrical section 21 not connected to the second semi-cylindrical section 22 by a screw structure; and a rubber member 52 provided inside the housing 51 and having a cross-shaped cut.

The gas leakage prevention cover 5 is installed at the second cylindrical portion 21 of the second spreader 2 by a screw structure, and can prevent gas leakage in the abdominal cavity when the spreader 10 is inserted or when a part of the specimen is pulled into the established passage 4 by using the forceps. It should be noted that when the specimen enters the inside of the passage 4 to block the end of the passage 4 in the human body, the outer gas leakage preventing cover 5 is detached and connected to the second cylinder 21 by the joint 62 because the gas is not leaked.

The use method of the device for efficiently taking the specimen through the natural orifice of the embodiment is as follows:

1) inserting the second spreader 2, to which the air leakage preventing cover 5 is mounted, into the inside of the first spreader 1, and rotating the second spreader 2 to a first position;

2) gradually inserting one end of a first arc edge 13 and one end of a second arc edge 23 of the opening part 10 from the natural orifice of the patient, gradually rotating the second opening part 2 when the opening part is inserted to a position close to the first cylindrical part 11, and gradually sliding the natural orifice of the patient to a position completely positioned on the outer wall of the first cylindrical part 11 to form a channel 4;

3) using a tool such as a surgical forceps to draw the specimen outwards through the formed channel 4 (when the specimen blocks one end of the channel 4 in the human body, the air leakage prevention cover 5 can be removed);

4) the first opening 71 is connected with the second cylinder 21, the second opening 72 is connected with the joint 62 of the negative pressure suction machine 6, the negative pressure suction machine 6 is started to perform negative pressure suction, and the sample is sucked out to the inside of the accommodating space 70 of the rotary drum 7 in the sample;

5) the stent 10 is removed from the patient's natural orifice and the specimen is removed from the specimen inside the bowl 7.

It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a get sample device through natural chamber way high efficiency which characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:

a spreader (10) adapted to be inserted into the abdominal cavity from the natural orifice, spreading the natural orifice, and establishing a rigid channel (4) communicating the abdominal cavity with the outside;

the specimen middle rotating drum (7) is provided with an accommodating space (70) suitable for temporarily storing the specimen, and a first opening (71) and a second opening (72) which are communicated with the accommodating space (70); the first opening (71) is detachably connected with one end, located outside, of the spreading piece (10);

the negative pressure suction machine (6) is detachably connected with the second opening (72) and generates negative pressure to suck the specimen in the abdominal cavity out of the accommodating space (70) through the hard channel established by the opening piece (10).

2. The device for efficiently obtaining specimens through a natural orifice according to claim 1, wherein: the specimen mid-drum (7) comprises:

a first half drum (73) having the first opening (71), and a first half drum (75) communicating with the first opening (71), the first half drum (75) having an inner diameter larger than an inner diameter of the first opening (71);

a second half drum (74) having the second opening (72), and a second half drum (76) in communication with the second opening (72), the second half drum (76) having an inner diameter greater than the inner diameter of the second opening (72);

the open end of the first half cylinder (75) is detachably butted with the open end of the second half cylinder (76) to form the accommodating space (70).

3. The device for efficiently obtaining specimens through a natural orifice according to claim 2, wherein: the first opening (71) and the second opening (72) of the rotary drum (7) in the sample are coaxially arranged oppositely;

alternatively, the first opening (71) is arranged coaxially with the first half cylinder (75), and the second opening (72) is arranged non-coaxially with the second half cylinder (76).

4. The device for efficiently obtaining specimens through a natural orifice according to claim 2, wherein: the first half cylinder (75) is semi-spherical, the second half cylinder (76) is semi-spherical, and the first half cylinder (75) and the second half cylinder (76) are in threaded connection.

5. The device for efficiently obtaining specimens through a natural orifice according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the spreader (10) comprises:

the first opening part (1) comprises a hollow first cylindrical shape (11) and a first semi-cylindrical shape (12) connected with one end of the first cylindrical shape (11), wherein one end of the first semi-cylindrical shape (12) far away from the first cylindrical shape (11) is a smooth first arc edge (13);

the second strutting piece (2) comprises a hollow second cylindrical shape (21) and a second semi-cylindrical shape (22) connected with one end of the second cylindrical shape (21), and one end of the second semi-cylindrical shape (22) far away from the second cylindrical shape (21) is a smooth second arc edge (23);

the second spreading member (2) is rotatably arranged in the first spreading member (1) in a penetrating manner, and a second cylindrical shape (21) of the second spreading member (2) extends out of the first cylindrical shape (11) of the first spreading member (1) for a certain length so as to be connected with the first opening (71);

the second spreader (2) has a first position rotated to superimpose the first semi-cylindrical shape (12) and the second semi-cylindrical shape (22) one on top of the other, and a second position rotated to oppose the first semi-cylindrical shape (12) and the second semi-cylindrical shape (22) one on top of the other to form a passage (4);

the limiting structure is arranged on the first spreading part (1) and/or the second spreading part (2) and is used for limiting the second spreading part (2) at the first position or the second position.

6. The device for efficiently obtaining specimens through a natural orifice according to claim 5, wherein: the outer wall of the second cylinder (21) is provided with external threads, the inner wall of the first opening (71) is provided with internal threads, and the second cylinder (21) is in threaded connection with the first opening (71);

and/or, be equipped with the external screw thread on the outer wall of second opening (72), the end of suction tube (61) of negative pressure suction machine (6) is equipped with connects (62), be equipped with the internal thread on the inner wall that connects (62), second opening (72) with connect (62) threaded connection.

7. The device for efficiently obtaining specimens through a natural orifice according to claim 5, wherein: the outer diameter of a section of the first cylindrical shape (11) close to the first semi-cylindrical shape (12) is gradually reduced along the direction from the first cylindrical shape (11) to the first semi-cylindrical shape (12);

the first semi-cylindrical shape (12) has an outer diameter larger than that of the end portion of the first cylindrical shape (11) connected thereto.

8. The device for efficiently obtaining specimens through a natural orifice according to claim 5, wherein:

the limit structure comprises:

a limit recess (31) provided at one end of the first cylindrical shape (11) not connected to the first semi-cylindrical shape (12);

a limit protrusion (32) provided at one end of the second cylindrical shape (21) not connected to the second semi-cylindrical shape (22);

when the second spreading part (2) rotates to enable the limiting protrusion (32) to slide into the limiting groove (31), the second spreading part (2) just rotates to the first position or the second position.

9. The device for efficiently obtaining specimens through a natural orifice according to claim 5, wherein: the anti-skid device also comprises a first anti-skid pattern (14) which is arranged on the outer wall of the first cylinder (11);

and/or a second anti-skid grain (24) is arranged on the outer wall of the second semi-cylinder (22).

10. The device for efficiently obtaining specimens through a natural orifice according to claim 5, wherein: also comprises an air leakage prevention cover (5); the gas leakage prevention cover (5) comprises:

a housing (51) rotatably mounted by a screw structure at one end of the second cylindrical shape (21) not connected to the second semi-cylindrical shape (22);

a rubber member (52) provided inside the housing (51) and having a cross-shaped cutout.