CN110676829A - Small grounding current power supply system for arc suppression coil compensation - Google Patents
Small grounding current power supply system for arc suppression coil compensation Download PDFInfo
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- CN110676829A CN110676829A CN201910931430.8A CN201910931430A CN110676829A CN 110676829 A CN110676829 A CN 110676829A CN 201910931430 A CN201910931430 A CN 201910931430A CN 110676829 A CN110676829 A CN 110676829A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
- H02H9/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements for limiting excess current or voltage without disconnection
- H02H9/08—Limitation or suppression of earth fault currents, e.g. Petersen coil
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
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Abstract
The invention discloses a small grounding current power supply system for arc suppression coil compensation, which comprises an automatic tracking compensation module, a processor module and a peripheral interface, wherein the automatic tracking compensation module is provided with the processor module and the peripheral interface; the processor module consists of a controller and a relay protection device; the controller is a control center of the automatic tracking compensation module, automatically tracks the change of capacitance current in real time and controls the switching of a secondary side capacitance group of the coil; the peripheral interface is electrically connected with the single-phase inverter, the transformer and the coil capacitance regulating circuit through a relay; the processor module controls the single-phase inverter to control the current to control the load current to track the target current in real time through the peripheral interface; the processor module controls the transformer to compensate the capacitive current through the peripheral interface; and when the processor module controls the coil capacitance regulating circuit through the peripheral interface to change that the inductive current condition flowing through the coil does not meet one of the conditions, returning to regenerate the initial feeder terminal, and quickly positioning a fault point.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power supply, in particular to a small grounding current power supply system for arc suppression coil compensation.
Background
The coil adopts a manual turn-adjusting type coil for fixed compensation, which is called as a fixed compensation system, the working mode of the fixed compensation system is to set the coil in an overcompensation state, the overcompensation degree of the coil depends on that the displacement voltage of a neutral point does not exceed 15% of a phase voltage when a power grid normally operates in a steady state, and therefore overcompensation is adopted to avoid dangerous series resonance overvoltage when a part of lines of the power grid are cut off; there are also non-effective grounding systems, such as those in which the neutral point is grounded or not grounded through a coil, which cannot form a direct short circuit due to the fact that the neutral point is not directly grounded, and which have a particularly large grounding impedance compared to a system in which the neutral point is directly grounded, and which are different from a network in which the neutral point is directly grounded and from a network in which the neutral point is insulated from the neutral point from the viewpoint of measurement,
at present, a coil cannot well compensate capacitance current, so that a non-negligible measurement error is brought to metering work; and the fixed compensation power supply of the coil can not meet the development of the current power supply compensation technology, a corresponding compensation method needs to be adopted to carry out maximum automatic compensation on the capacitance current, and the prior art needs to be improved urgently based on the current technical situation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention overcomes the problems of low reliability and inaccurate power supply fault positioning of the existing subarea power supply, and provides a small grounding current power supply system with arc suppression coil compensation.
In some optional embodiments, to solve the above technical problem, the following technical solutions are adopted in the present invention:
a small ground current power supply system for arc suppression coil compensation comprises:
and the damping resistor is connected between the coil and the ground in series, so that the resonance overvoltage is limited when the system normally operates, and the damping resistor exits from operating through the protection device when the system has single-phase earth fault.
A coil capacitance regulating circuit comprising:
the capacitor is formed by connecting a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a capacitor C5 in parallel;
a primary winding having an inductance L, and the number of turns of the primary winding being n1,
the secondary winding is connected with the capacitor in parallel, the number of turns is n2, when the capacitance of the secondary winding in parallel is changed, the primary equivalent impedance is changed, and the level change of the capacitance can be realized by respectively switching the combination of the secondary winding in parallel connection with the capacitor, so that the level change of the primary equivalent impedance is realized. Therefore, the coil capacitance regulating circuit realizes the level regulation of the coil compensation current;
the primary equivalent reactance of the secondary winding of the coil is changed by changing the parallel capacitor C of the secondary winding of the coil, wherein the reactance is WL, and L is the primary equivalent inductance of the coil, so that the inductive current I flowing through the coil is changed. The inductive current I compensates the capacitive current I to the ground of the system, so that when the system has single-phase ground fault, residual current flowing through a ground fault point reaches the minimum;
the transformer consists of A, B, C three-phase windings, secondary zero-sequence windings, iron core and inductance coils L1, L2 and L3
When the power system normally operates, A, B, C three-phase windings are symmetrical to the ground voltage, no magnetic flux is generated on two side columns of the iron core, so that no induced voltage exists in the coils on the two side columns of the iron core, and the inductors L1, L2 and L3 do not work, which is equivalent to no-load operation of the transformer
When the system is in single-phase grounding, three-phase voltage is not symmetrical any more, magnetic flux is generated in two side columns of the iron core, so that voltage is induced in coils of the iron core, the two coils are connected with the same polarity to form secondary voltage which is in direct proportion to zero sequence voltage of the system, and under the conditions of closing and thyristor conduction, the inductors L1, L2 and L3 start to work to generate inductive current so as to compensate capacitive current of the system;
the single-phase inverter comprises a PWM controller (pulse width modulation controller), a direct-current power supply, an electronic switch, a hysteresis comparator and an inductor, wherein VT1 and VT2 represent the electronic switch, the VT2 is turned off when the VT1 is turned on, the voltage clamped at two ends of the inductor is positive, and the current is gradually increased; when the VT2 is turned on, the VT1 is turned off, the voltage clamped at the two ends of the inductor is negative, and the current is gradually reduced, so that the accurate control of the control current is realized; when the actual current reaches the upper limit of the range limited by the load current, VT1 and VT2 are mutually reversed, and the actual load current is reduced; when the actual current drops to the lower limit of the range limited by the load current, VT1 and VT2 are reversed again, the actual load current rises, and thus the load current can be controlled to track the target current in real time.
A PWM controller (pulse width modulation controller) takes current waves with different frequencies and amplitudes which are expected to be output as command signals;
an automatic tracking compensation module, including a processor module,
peripheral interface, analog signal conditioning board, signal sampling board, digital signal board, trigger board and contactor
The processor module consists of a controller and a relay protection device; the controller is a control center of the automatic tracking compensation module, automatically tracks the change of capacitance current in real time, controls the switching of a coil secondary side capacitance group, compensates the capacitance current of the system, and enables the grounding current of a fault point of the system to be small when a single-phase grounding fault occurs, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic compensation;
the peripheral interface is electrically connected with the single-phase inverter, the transformer and the coil capacitance regulating circuit through a relay; the processor module controls the single-phase inverter to control the current to control the load current to track the target current in real time through the peripheral interface;
the processor module controls the transformer to compensate the capacitive current through the peripheral interface;
the processor module controls the coil capacitance regulating circuit through the peripheral interface to change the inductive current flowing through the coil;
the relay protection device comprises a voltage relay, a current relay and an intermediate relay; the relay protection device is used for ensuring that the damping resistor is reliably short-circuited when the system has a single-phase earth fault, so that the system is safe to operate.
When the low current signal is injected into a low current grounding system through a voltage transformer of a grounding phase to generate a metallic single-phase grounding fault, the voltage to ground of the grounding phase of a power grid becomes zero, namely, a primary winding of the phase voltage transformer is short-circuited and is temporarily in an idle state without working, and an external diagnostic signal is injected into a power system by utilizing the low current signal injection loop.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a coil capacitance regulating circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of an analog signal conditioning board conditioning circuit of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a signal sampling board sampling circuit diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flowchart of the automatic tracking compensation module operation of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a transformer structure of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a circuit diagram of a single phase inverter of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a low current signal injection loop of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative embodiments of the invention to enable those skilled in the art to practice them, and the subject matter of the invention is more particularly described below by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
An alternative embodiment of the invention is a crowbar coil compensated small ground current supply system,
referring to fig. 1, a coil capacitance regulating circuit diagram of the present invention is shown; (ii) a
A coil capacitance regulating circuit comprising:
the capacitor is formed by connecting a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a capacitor C5 in parallel;
a primary winding having an inductance L, and the number of turns of the primary winding being n1,
the secondary winding is connected with the capacitor in parallel, the number of turns is n2, when the capacitance of the secondary winding in parallel is changed, the primary equivalent impedance is changed, and the level change of the capacitance can be realized by respectively switching the combination of the secondary winding in parallel connection with the capacitor, so that the level change of the primary equivalent impedance is realized. Therefore, the coil capacitance regulating circuit realizes the level regulation of the coil compensation current;
the primary equivalent reactance of the secondary winding of the coil is changed by changing the parallel capacitor C of the secondary winding of the coil, wherein the reactance is WL, and L is the primary equivalent inductance of the coil, so that the inductive current I flowing through the coil is changed. The inductive current I compensates the capacitive current I to the ground of the system, so that when the system has single-phase ground fault, residual current flowing through a ground fault point reaches the minimum;
and the damping resistor is connected between the coil and the ground in series, so that the resonance overvoltage is limited when the system normally operates, and the damping resistor exits from operating through the protection device when the system has single-phase earth fault.
Referring to fig. 5, a diagram of a transformer structure of the present invention is shown;
the transformer consists of A, B, C three-phase windings, secondary zero-sequence windings, iron core and inductance coils L1, L2 and L3
When the power system normally operates, A, B, C three-phase windings are symmetrical to the ground voltage, no magnetic flux is generated on two side columns of the iron core, so that no induced voltage exists in the coils on the two side columns of the iron core, and the inductors L1, L2 and L3 do not work, which is equivalent to no-load operation of the transformer
When the system is in single-phase grounding, three-phase voltage is not symmetrical any more, magnetic flux is generated in two side columns of the iron core, so that voltage is induced in coils of the iron core, the two coils are connected with the same polarity to form secondary voltage which is in direct proportion to zero sequence voltage of the system, and under the conditions of closing and thyristor conduction, the inductors L1, L2 and L3 start to work to generate inductive current so as to compensate capacitive current of the system;
referring to fig. 6, a circuit diagram of a single phase inverter of the present invention is presented;
the single-phase inverter comprises a PWM controller (pulse width modulation controller), a direct-current power supply, an electronic switch, a hysteresis comparator and an inductor, wherein VT1 and VT2 represent the electronic switch, the VT2 is turned off when the VT1 is turned on, the voltage clamped at two ends of the inductor is positive, and the current is gradually increased; when the VT2 is turned on, the VT1 is turned off, the voltage clamped at the two ends of the inductor is negative, and the current is gradually reduced, so that the accurate control of the control current is realized; when the actual current reaches the upper limit of the range limited by the load current, VT1 and VT2 are mutually reversed, and the actual load current is reduced; when the actual current drops to the lower limit of the range limited by the load current, VT1 and VT2 are reversed again, the actual load current rises, and thus the load current can be controlled to track the target current in real time.
The PWM controller (pulse width modulation controller) takes current waves with different frequencies and amplitudes which are expected to be output as command signals, and controls the on-off of a switch on the inverter by carrying out instantaneous comparison on the command signals and feedback signals of actual output voltage or current through a hysteresis comparator, so that the actual output voltage or current can track the change of the command signals in real time. The secondary side current of the transformer is accurately controlled, and the purpose of adjusting the primary side inductance is achieved. When the single-phase grounding fault occurs in the distribution line, the residual current of the grounding point reaches the minimum, and dynamic compensation is realized;
referring to FIG. 4, a flow chart of the operation of the automatic tracking compensation module of the present invention is shown;
an automatic tracking compensation module, including a processor module,
peripheral interface, analog signal conditioning board, signal sampling board, digital signal board, trigger board and contactor
The processor module consists of a controller and a relay protection device; the controller is a control center of the automatic tracking compensation module, automatically tracks the change of capacitance current in real time, controls the switching of a coil secondary side capacitance group, compensates the capacitance current of the system, and enables the grounding current of a fault point of the system to be small when a single-phase grounding fault occurs, thereby achieving the purpose of automatic compensation;
the peripheral interface is electrically connected with the single-phase inverter, the transformer and the coil capacitance regulating circuit through a relay; the processor module controls the single-phase inverter to control the current to control the load current to track the target current in real time through the peripheral interface;
the processor module controls the transformer to compensate the capacitive current through the peripheral interface;
the processor module controls the coil capacitance regulating circuit through the peripheral interface to change the inductive current flowing through the coil;
the relay protection device comprises a voltage relay, a current relay and an intermediate relay; the relay protection device is used for ensuring that the damping resistor is reliably short-circuited when the system has a single-phase earth fault, so that the system can safely operate;
referring to fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 shows a circuit diagram of an analog signal conditioning board conditioning circuit of the present invention; FIG. 3 shows a signal sampling plate sampling circuit diagram of the present invention;
the analog signal is sent to the signal sampling plate through the analog signal conditioning plate, and is subjected to A/D conversion through an A/D converter of the sampling plate to obtain a digital signal which is sent to the automatic tracking compensation module. The automatic tracking compensation module processes and judges the signals according to a set threshold value and a capacitance current calculation method, receives and sends instructions according to needs, controls hardware equipment through a digital signal board, realizes automatic identification of a power grid operation mode, and calculates the capacitance current of the power grid; when the single-phase earth fault occurs, the automatic tracking compensation module judges whether the key operation exists or not through scanning the digital port, and responds to the compensation gear fault of the corresponding coil.
When the power grid normally operates, the coil operates in a maximum overcompensation state far away from a resonance point, the automatic compensation module tracks and monitors the change of the capacitance current of the power grid in real time and determines a trigger word corresponding to a compensation gear, when the power grid has a single-phase earth fault, a fault interrupt service program in the module is started, a predetermined trigger word corresponding to the coil compensation gear is sent out through a digital signal board, and a contactor is triggered and conducted by the trigger board, so that the grounding capacitance current is automatically compensated by the coil; the program tracks the state of the power grid in real time until the fault is eliminated, the starting word is recovered, the coil recovers the maximum compensation operation, the fault interruption service process is quitted, and the device continuously and automatically tracks the change of the capacitance current of the power grid and whether the fault occurs;
referring to fig. 7, a small current signal injection loop circuit diagram of the present invention;
the system also comprises a small current signal injection loop;
when a metallic single-phase earth fault occurs in a small current earth system injected by a voltage transformer of an earth phase, the voltage to earth of a power grid earth phase becomes zero, namely, a primary winding of the voltage transformer is short-circuited and is temporarily in an idle state of non-work, and at the moment, an external diagnostic signal can be injected into a power system by using the voltage transformer:
when the power system normally operates, three phases are symmetrical, zero sequence components do not exist in the system, A, B, C three-phase winding voltages are normal phase voltages, voltages on two sides of a voltage transformer are zero, when a single-phase ground fault occurs in the system, a C phase of a circuit Ln in the figure is supposed to have a metallic single-phase ground fault, a fault phase C is slightly grounded to zero, two non-fault phase voltages are increased to line voltages, zero sequence voltages are slightly increased to phase voltages, a signal injection circuit system automatically bridges a signal source between C and N on two sides of the voltage transformer after sensing the voltage change, so that a signal current is generated in a secondary winding of the C, as shown by a dotted line ① in figure 7, the signal current of the secondary winding is inevitably induced to a primary system due to the short circuit state at the primary winding of the C phase voltage transformer, a circulating loop is shown by a dotted line ② in figure 7, a loop is formed among a primary neutral grounding point, a fault phase, a grounding point and a ground fault, transition resistance of the other loops have certain impedance, so that the injected signal only flows to the grounding phase of the grounding line, and all non-grounding lines have no signal outgoing line detection.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a little ground current power supply system of arc suppression coil compensation which characterized in that includes:
the coil capacity regulating circuit is composed of a capacitor, a primary winding and a secondary winding;
the capacitor is formed by connecting a capacitor C1, a capacitor C2, a capacitor C3, a capacitor C4 and a capacitor C5 in parallel;
the primary winding is provided with a coil primary equivalent inductance;
the secondary winding is connected with the capacitor in parallel, when the capacitance of the secondary winding in parallel is changed, the primary equivalent impedance is changed, and the level change of the capacitance is realized by respectively switching the combination of the secondary winding parallel capacitance, so that the level change of the primary equivalent impedance is realized;
the secondary winding changes the equivalent reactance of the primary side thereof by changing the parallel capacitor, thereby changing the inductive current flowing through the coil and ensuring that the residual current flowing through the ground fault point reaches the minimum when the system has single-phase ground fault;
the transformer consists of A, B, C three-phase windings, a secondary zero-sequence winding, an iron core and inductance coils L1, L2 and L3;
when the power system normally operates, A, B, C three-phase windings are symmetrical to the ground voltage, and no magnetic flux is generated on the two side columns of the iron core at this time, so that no induced voltage exists in the coils on the two side columns of the iron core, and the inductors L1, L2 and L3 do not work, which is equivalent to no-load operation of the transformer;
when the system is in single-phase grounding, three-phase voltage is not symmetrical any more, magnetic flux is generated in two side columns of the iron core, so that voltage is induced in coils of the iron core, the two coils are connected with the same polarity to form secondary voltage which is in direct proportion to zero sequence voltage of the system, and under the conditions of closing and silicon controlled switch conduction, the inductors L1, L2 and L3 start to work to generate inductive current so as to compensate capacitive current of the system;
a single-phase inverter provided with an electronic switch;
the electronic switches comprise VT1 and VT 2;
when the VT1 is turned on, the VT2 is turned off, the voltage clamped at the two ends of the inductor is positive, and the current is gradually increased;
when the VT2 is turned on, the VT1 is turned off, the voltage clamped at the two ends of the inductor is negative, and the current is gradually reduced, so that the accurate control of the control current is realized;
the automatic tracking compensation module is provided with a processor module and a peripheral interface;
the processor module consists of a controller and a relay protection device;
the controller is a control center of the automatic tracking compensation module, automatically tracks the change of capacitance current in real time and controls the switching of a secondary side capacitance group of the coil;
the peripheral interface is electrically connected with the single-phase inverter, the transformer and the coil capacitance regulating circuit through a relay;
the processor module controls the single-phase inverter to control the current to control the load current to track the target current in real time through the peripheral interface;
the processor module controls the transformer to compensate the capacitive current through the peripheral interface;
the processor module controls the coil capacitance regulating circuit through the peripheral interface to change the inductive current flowing through the coil.
2. The arc suppression coil compensated small ground current power supply system of claim 1, further comprising:
and the damping resistor is connected between the coil and the ground in series, so that the resonance overvoltage is limited when the system normally operates, and the damping resistor exits from operating through the protection device when the system has single-phase earth fault.
3. An arc suppression coil compensated low ground current supply system as claimed in claim 1 wherein when the actual current reaches the upper limit of the range defined by the load current, the electronic switches VT1 and VT2 reverse each other and the actual load current drops;
when the actual current drops below the lower limit of the range defined by the load current, VT1 and VT2 again reverse and the actual load current rises.
4. An arc suppression coil compensated small ground current power supply system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said relay protection means comprises voltage relays, current relays and intermediate relays;
the relay protection device is used for ensuring that the damping resistor is reliably short-circuited when the system has a single-phase earth fault, so that the system is safe to operate.
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| CN113224739A (en) * | 2021-04-19 | 2021-08-06 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Current limiting device for grounding time of grounding wire of synchronous phase modulator |
| CN114268085A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-04-01 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Power distribution network single-phase earth fault arc extinction method based on capacitance bisection switching |
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| CN114268085A (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2022-04-01 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Power distribution network single-phase earth fault arc extinction method based on capacitance bisection switching |
| CN114268085B (en) * | 2021-12-06 | 2023-09-26 | 国网四川省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Single-phase earth fault arc extinction method for power distribution network based on capacitive dichotomy switching |
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