CN110676524B - Lithium battery matching method and device - Google Patents
Lithium battery matching method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN110676524B CN110676524B CN201910953321.6A CN201910953321A CN110676524B CN 110676524 B CN110676524 B CN 110676524B CN 201910953321 A CN201910953321 A CN 201910953321A CN 110676524 B CN110676524 B CN 110676524B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/4207—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells for several batteries or cells simultaneously or sequentially
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07C—POSTAL SORTING; SORTING INDIVIDUAL ARTICLES, OR BULK MATERIAL FIT TO BE SORTED PIECE-MEAL, e.g. BY PICKING
- B07C5/00—Sorting according to a characteristic or feature of the articles or material being sorted, e.g. by control effected by devices which detect or measure such characteristic or feature; Sorting by manually actuated devices, e.g. switches
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
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Abstract
The invention provides a matching method and a matching device of lithium batteries, which comprise the following steps: screening a plurality of lithium batteries according to capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance to obtain a first lithium battery pack; performing charge and discharge processing on the first lithium battery pack to respectively obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack; obtaining a direct current internal resistance difference according to the first direct current internal resistance and the second direct current internal resistance; acquiring relaxation voltage of a lithium battery in the third lithium battery resistor; screening the lithium batteries in the third lithium battery pack according to the direct-current internal resistance difference to obtain a fourth lithium battery pack; screening the lithium batteries in the fourth lithium battery pack according to the relaxation voltage to obtain a fifth lithium battery pack; the lithium batteries in the fifth lithium battery pack are matched to obtain the lithium battery pack, so that the lithium batteries can be effectively matched to improve the consistency of each single lithium battery in the lithium battery pack after matching, and the service life of the battery system is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium batteries, in particular to a matching method and a matching device of lithium batteries.
Background
Lithium batteries have been widely used in consumer electronics, new energy vehicles, and energy storage fields due to their high energy density, long cycle life, safety, and environmental protection. Because the rated voltage of the single lithium battery is generally about 3.70V, the rated capacity of the lithium battery is relatively small, and the application in the fields of energy storage, new energy automobiles and the like cannot be met only by the single lithium battery, the single lithium batteries need to be connected in series and in parallel to form a group, and the voltage and capacity requirements required by an application terminal are met. Therefore, when the single lithium batteries are connected in series and in parallel to form a group, the consistency of the single lithium batteries is particularly important, and the consistency directly influences the service life of the battery pack.
The existing battery matching method mainly focuses on static matching, namely screening the open-circuit voltage, the discharge capacity, the alternating current internal resistance and the self-discharge rate (K value) of the lithium battery, mainly focuses on the static consistency of the battery, although the method is simple to operate and low in cost, the difference of the lithium battery under the complex working condition cannot be screened, along with the increase of the service time and the service times of the lithium battery, the difference among the single lithium batteries is increased, and further the service life of a battery system is influenced, so the static screening is only limited to the series-parallel connection application of a small number of single batteries, and the application environment with low requirement on the consistency of the lithium battery, for the series-parallel connection application under the complex working condition, simulation is carried out through a Gauge IC, and the change of each index parameter (capacity, voltage, current and temperature) of the lithium battery in the charging and, however, this method is costly.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a method and an apparatus for matching lithium batteries, which can effectively match lithium batteries, and improve the consistency of each single lithium battery in a matched lithium battery pack, thereby prolonging the service life of a battery system.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for matching lithium batteries, where the method includes:
acquiring parameter information of a lithium battery, wherein the parameter information comprises capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance;
screening the multiple lithium batteries according to the capacity, the open-circuit voltage, the self-discharge rate and the alternating current internal resistance to obtain a first lithium battery pack;
performing charge and discharge processing on the first lithium battery pack to respectively obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack;
obtaining a direct current internal resistance difference according to the first direct current internal resistance and the second direct current internal resistance;
acquiring relaxation voltage of the lithium battery in the third lithium battery resistor;
screening the lithium batteries in the third lithium battery pack according to the direct-current internal resistance difference to obtain a fourth lithium battery pack;
screening the lithium batteries in the fourth lithium battery pack according to the relaxation voltage to obtain a fifth lithium battery pack;
and matching the lithium batteries in the fifth lithium battery pack to obtain a lithium battery pack.
Further, the screening a plurality of lithium batteries according to the capacity, the open circuit voltage, the self-discharge rate and the alternating current internal resistance respectively to obtain a first lithium battery pack comprises:
screening the plurality of lithium batteries according to the capacity to obtain a lithium battery pack screened according to the capacity;
screening the lithium battery packs screened according to the capacity according to the open-circuit voltage to obtain the lithium battery packs screened according to the open-circuit voltage;
screening the lithium battery packs screened by the open-circuit voltage according to the self-discharge rate to obtain the lithium battery packs screened by the self-discharge rate;
and screening the lithium battery packs screened according to the self-discharge rate according to the alternating current internal resistance to obtain the first lithium battery pack.
Further, the screening the multiple lithium batteries according to the capacity to obtain the lithium battery pack screened according to the capacity includes:
removing lithium batteries with the capacity smaller than a first preset capacity from the multiple lithium batteries to obtain a removed first lithium battery pack;
and screening the first lithium battery pack after being rejected according to a second preset capacity threshold value to obtain the lithium battery pack screened according to the capacity.
Further, the screening the lithium battery packs screened according to the capacity according to the open-circuit voltage to obtain the lithium battery packs screened according to the open-circuit voltage includes:
acquiring the open-circuit voltage of the lithium batteries in the lithium battery pack screened according to the capacity;
removing the lithium batteries with the open circuit voltage smaller than a first preset voltage from the lithium battery packs screened according to the capacity to obtain a second lithium battery pack after removal;
and screening the second lithium battery pack after being rejected according to a second preset voltage threshold value to obtain the lithium battery pack screened by the open-circuit voltage.
Further, the screening the lithium battery pack screened by the open-circuit voltage according to the self-discharge rate to obtain the lithium battery pack screened by the self-discharge rate includes:
acquiring the voltage before placing and the voltage after placing of the lithium battery in the lithium battery pack screened by the open-circuit voltage;
obtaining a voltage difference according to the voltage before placement and the voltage after placement;
calculating the self-discharge rate of the lithium battery according to the voltage difference;
removing the lithium batteries with the self-discharge rates larger than a first preset self-discharge rate from the lithium battery packs screened by the open-circuit voltage to obtain a third lithium battery pack after removal;
and screening the rejected third lithium battery pack according to a second preset self-discharge rate threshold value to obtain the lithium battery pack screened according to the self-discharge rate.
Further, the screening the lithium battery pack screened according to the self-discharge rate according to the alternating current internal resistance to obtain the first lithium battery pack comprises:
obtaining the alternating current internal resistance of the lithium batteries in the lithium battery pack screened by the self-discharge rate;
removing lithium batteries with the alternating current internal resistance larger than a first preset alternating current internal resistance from the lithium battery packs screened according to the self-discharge rate to obtain a third lithium battery pack after removal;
and screening the rejected third lithium battery pack according to a second preset alternating current internal resistance threshold value to obtain the first lithium battery pack.
Further, the charging and discharging processing is performed on the first lithium battery pack, so as to obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack, respectively, including:
charging and discharging the lithium battery in the first lithium battery pack so that the charge state of the lithium battery in the first lithium battery pack reaches a first preset charge state threshold;
standing the lithium battery reaching the first preset charge state threshold value for a first preset time, and acquiring a first voltage of the lithium battery standing for the first preset time before discharging;
discharging the lithium battery which is kept still for the first preset time within a first discharge time threshold according to a first discharge rate threshold to obtain a discharged second voltage;
and obtaining a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack according to the first voltage before discharging and the second voltage after discharging.
Further, the charging and discharging processing is performed on the first lithium battery pack, so as to obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack, respectively, including:
charging and discharging the lithium battery in the second lithium battery pack so that the charge state of the lithium battery in the second lithium battery pack reaches a second preset charge state threshold;
standing the lithium battery reaching the second preset state-of-charge threshold value for a second preset time, and acquiring a third voltage of the lithium battery standing for the second preset time before discharging;
discharging the lithium battery which is kept still for the second preset time within a second discharge time threshold according to a second discharge rate threshold to obtain a discharged fourth voltage;
and obtaining a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack according to the third voltage before discharging and the fourth voltage after discharging.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a matching device for lithium batteries, where the device includes:
the lithium battery comprises a parameter information acquisition unit, a parameter information acquisition unit and a parameter information processing unit, wherein the parameter information acquisition unit is used for acquiring parameter information of the lithium battery, and the parameter information comprises capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance;
the first screening unit is used for screening the multiple lithium batteries according to the capacity, the open-circuit voltage, the self-discharge rate and the alternating current internal resistance to obtain a first lithium battery pack;
the processing unit is used for performing charging and discharging processing on the first lithium battery pack to respectively obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack;
the direct current internal resistance difference obtaining unit is used for obtaining a direct current internal resistance difference according to the first direct current internal resistance and the second direct current internal resistance;
a relaxation voltage obtaining unit, configured to obtain a relaxation voltage of the lithium battery in the third lithium battery resistor;
the second screening unit is used for screening the lithium batteries in the third lithium battery pack according to the direct-current internal resistance difference to obtain a fourth lithium battery pack;
the third screening unit is used for screening the lithium batteries in the fourth lithium battery pack according to the relaxation voltage to obtain a fifth lithium battery pack;
and the matching unit is used for matching the lithium batteries in the fifth lithium battery pack to obtain the lithium battery pack.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, including a memory and a processor, where the memory stores a computer program operable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the method when executing the computer program.
The embodiment of the invention provides a matching method and a matching device of lithium batteries, wherein the matching method comprises the following steps: acquiring parameter information of the lithium battery, wherein the parameter information comprises capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance; screening a plurality of lithium batteries according to capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance to obtain a first lithium battery pack; performing charge and discharge processing on the first lithium battery pack to respectively obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack; obtaining a direct current internal resistance difference according to the first direct current internal resistance and the second direct current internal resistance; acquiring relaxation voltage of a lithium battery in the third lithium battery resistor; screening the lithium batteries in the third lithium battery pack according to the direct-current internal resistance difference to obtain a fourth lithium battery pack; screening the lithium batteries in the fourth lithium battery pack according to the relaxation voltage to obtain a fifth lithium battery pack; the lithium batteries in the fifth lithium battery pack are matched to obtain the lithium battery pack, so that the lithium batteries can be effectively matched to improve the consistency of each single lithium battery in the lithium battery pack after matching, and the service life of the battery system is prolonged.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a grouping method for lithium batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a flowchart of step S102 in a method for grouping lithium batteries according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a matching device for lithium batteries according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Icon:
1-a parameter information acquisition unit; 2-a first screening unit; 3-a processing unit; 4-a direct current internal resistance difference obtaining unit; 5-a relaxation voltage acquisition unit; 6-a second screening unit; 7-a third screening unit; 8-matching unit.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the existing battery matching method, static matching is mainly used, namely, only the open-circuit voltage, the discharge capacity, the alternating-current internal resistance and the self-discharge rate (K value) of the lithium battery are screened, although the operation is simple and the cost is low, the consistency difference of the lithium battery under the complex working condition cannot be screened, and the consistency difference among the single lithium batteries is larger and larger along with the increase of the service time and the service times of the lithium battery, so that the service life of a lithium battery system is influenced.
The application is analyzed from an electrochemical principle, the dynamic consistency of the lithium battery mainly depends on the polarization difference of the lithium battery in the charging and discharging processes, and the polarization effect of the lithium battery comprises ohmic polarization, electrochemical polarization and concentration polarization. This application is through the direct current internal resistance of test under the different discharge rate and the voltage of stewing behind the different discharge rate, simulates the polarization effect and the relaxation effect of lithium cell in charge-discharge dynamic process respectively, through the test to the polarization effect and the relaxation effect of lithium cell, can the dynamic uniformity of effective representation lithium cell to select the higher monomer lithium cell of uniformity, and join in marriage the group to these monomer lithium cells, obtain the lithium cell package, thereby improve the life-span of lithium cell system.
For the understanding of the present embodiment, the following detailed description will be given of the embodiment of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a lithium battery grouping method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the method includes the steps of:
step S11, acquiring parameter information of the lithium battery, wherein the parameter information comprises capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance;
step S12, screening the multiple lithium batteries according to capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance respectively to obtain a first lithium battery pack;
here, the lithium batteries are grouped by a static grouping method. The parameter information of the lithium batteries is obtained, the multiple lithium batteries are screened according to the capacity, the open-circuit voltage, the self-discharge rate and the alternating current internal resistance in the parameter information, and the screened lithium batteries form a first lithium battery pack.
Step S13, performing charge-discharge treatment on the first lithium battery pack to respectively obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack;
step S14, obtaining a direct current internal resistance difference according to the first direct current internal resistance and the second direct current internal resistance;
specifically, after the lithium battery is statically assembled, a first lithium battery pack is obtained, and then the lithium battery pack is dynamically assembled, so that the effectiveness of assembly is improved. In the dynamic matching method, the lithium batteries are subjected to discharge treatment with different multiplying powers to obtain first direct current internal resistance and second direct current internal resistance under different multiplying powers respectively, so that different polarization effects (ohmic polarization, electrochemical polarization and concentration polarization) are decomposed, the lithium batteries in the third lithium battery pack are screened according to the direct current internal resistance difference according to the consistency influence of the difference of the different polarization effects on the single lithium batteries to obtain a fourth lithium battery pack, and then the lithium batteries in the fourth lithium battery pack are screened according to relaxation voltage to obtain a fifth lithium battery pack.
Step S15, obtaining relaxation voltage of the lithium battery in the third lithium battery resistor;
step S16, screening lithium batteries in the third lithium battery pack according to the direct current internal resistance difference to obtain a fourth lithium battery pack;
here, the dc internal resistance difference is a difference between the first dc internal resistance and the second dc internal resistance. 1/2 (DCR) for lithium battery in the third lithium battery packmax-DCRmin)-1/8(DCRmax-DCRmin) Screening is carried out, preferably 1/3 (DCR)max-DCRmin) To obtain a fourth lithium battery pack, wherein DCRmaxDCR is the maximum value of the measured direct current internal resistanceminThe measured minimum value of the direct current internal resistance is obtained.
Step S17, screening lithium batteries in the fourth lithium battery pack according to the relaxation voltage to obtain a fifth lithium battery pack;
here, the relaxation voltage screening is performed on the fourth lithium battery pack according to a relaxation voltage difference of 1mV to 10mV, to obtain a fifth lithium battery pack, wherein 5mV is preferable.
And step S18, matching the lithium batteries in the fifth lithium battery pack to obtain a lithium battery pack.
In the static matching and dynamic matching processes, the test environment temperature is 25 +/-5 ℃. And for the single lithium battery with the direct-current internal resistance and the relaxation voltage out of the matching range or incapable of matching, the next screening and matching can be carried out with the subsequent lithium battery. Specifically, the lithium batteries in the fifth lithium battery pack are matched and the lithium battery pack is prepared in a series-parallel connection mode, wherein nSmP (n is more than or equal to 2, m is more than or equal to 2, n and m are natural numbers, S represents series connection, and P represents parallel connection). Because the single lithium battery fully considers static indexes (capacity, voltage, K value and alternating current internal resistance) and dynamic indexes (direct current internal resistance and relaxation voltage), the performance of the battery pack prepared by the single lithium battery is more stable, and the service life of a lithium battery system is prolonged.
In the embodiment, through the combination of static matching and dynamic matching, in the static matching, a plurality of lithium batteries are respectively screened according to the capacity, the open-circuit voltage, the self-discharge rate and the alternating current internal resistance in the parameter information, and the lithium batteries obtained after screening form a first lithium battery pack; in the dynamic matching, performing discharge treatment on lithium batteries with different multiplying powers to respectively obtain first direct-current internal resistance and second direct-current internal resistance under different multiplying powers, obtaining direct-current internal resistance difference according to the first direct-current internal resistance and the second direct-current internal resistance, and screening the lithium batteries in the third lithium battery pack based on the direct-current internal resistance difference to obtain a fourth lithium battery pack; the relaxation voltage of the lithium battery in the third lithium battery resistor is obtained, the lithium batteries in the fourth lithium battery pack are screened based on the relaxation voltage, the fifth lithium battery pack is obtained, the lithium battery pack is obtained through grouping, the accuracy of the screening result is improved, the lithium batteries can be effectively grouped, the consistency of each single lithium battery in the grouped lithium battery pack is higher, and the service life of the lithium battery system is prolonged.
Further, referring to fig. 2, step S2 includes:
step S21, screening a plurality of lithium batteries according to the capacity to obtain lithium battery packs screened according to the capacity;
step S22, screening the lithium battery packs screened according to the capacity according to the open-circuit voltage to obtain the lithium battery packs screened according to the open-circuit voltage;
step S23, screening the lithium battery packs screened by the open-circuit voltage according to the self-discharge rate to obtain the lithium battery packs screened by the self-discharge rate;
and step S24, screening the lithium battery packs screened according to the self-discharge rate according to the alternating current internal resistance to obtain a first lithium battery pack.
Specifically, the lithium batteries are statically grouped, that is, a plurality of lithium batteries are screened according to the capacity, the open-circuit voltage, the self-discharge rate and the alternating current internal resistance in the parameter information to obtain a first lithium battery pack.
Further, step S21 includes:
removing lithium batteries with capacity smaller than a first preset capacity from the multiple lithium batteries to obtain a removed first lithium battery pack;
and screening the first lithium battery pack after being rejected according to a second preset capacity threshold value to obtain the lithium battery pack screened according to the capacity.
Specifically, the first preset capacity is CCThe second preset capacity threshold is 0.5% CC-2.0％CC. By collecting the capacity of the lithium battery, the capacity is smaller than CCRemoving the lithium batteries to obtain a first lithium battery pack after removal, and enabling the first lithium battery pack after removal to be 0.5% CC-2.0％CCScreening is carried out, wherein 1.0% C is preferredCScreening is carried out, so that the lithium battery pack screened according to the capacity is obtained, wherein CCThe control lines are grouped for capacity.
Further, step S22 includes:
acquiring the open-circuit voltage of lithium batteries in the lithium battery pack screened by capacity;
removing lithium batteries with open circuit voltage lower than first preset voltage from the lithium battery packs screened according to the capacity to obtain a second lithium battery pack after removal;
and screening the second lithium battery pack after being rejected according to a second preset voltage threshold value to obtain the lithium battery pack screened by the open-circuit voltage.
Specifically, the first preset voltage is UCAnd the second preset voltage threshold value is 1mV-10mV, the open-circuit voltage of the lithium batteries in the lithium battery pack screened according to the capacity is obtained, and the open-circuit voltage is rejected to be smaller than UCThe second lithium battery pack after being removed is obtained; screening the second lithium battery pack after being removed according to 1mV-10mV, preferably 3mV, and obtaining the lithium battery pack screened according to open circuit voltage, wherein UCAnd grouping control lines for open-circuit voltage.
Further, step S23 includes:
obtaining the voltage before placing and the voltage after placing of a lithium battery in a lithium battery pack screened by open-circuit voltage;
obtaining a voltage difference according to the voltage before placement and the voltage after placement;
calculating the self-discharge rate of the lithium battery according to the voltage difference;
removing lithium batteries with self-discharge rates larger than a first preset self-discharge rate from the lithium battery packs screened by the open-circuit voltage to obtain a third lithium battery pack after removal;
and screening the rejected third lithium battery pack according to a second preset self-discharge rate threshold value to obtain the lithium battery pack screened according to the self-discharge rate.
Specifically, the first preset self-discharge rate is KCThe second preset self-discharge rate threshold value is 0.01mV/h-0.08mV/h, KCAnd matching control lines for the K value.
After the lithium battery pack screened by the open-circuit voltage is obtained, testing the voltage of the lithium battery pack screened by the open-circuit voltage before the lithium battery is placed, then placing for 24-96 h, preferably 72h, and at the moment, obtaining the voltage of the lithium battery pack screened by the open-circuit voltage after the lithium battery is placed; obtaining a voltage difference according to the voltage before placement and the voltage after placement; then dividing the voltage difference by the standing time, calculating the self-discharge rate (K value) of the lithium battery, and rejecting the lithium battery with the K value larger than KCAnd screening the rejected third lithium battery pack according to 0.01mV/h-0.08mV/h, preferably 0.04mV/h, so as to obtain the lithium battery pack screened according to the self-discharge rate.
Further, step S24 includes:
obtaining alternating current internal resistance of lithium batteries in the lithium battery pack screened according to self-discharge rate;
removing lithium batteries with alternating current internal resistance larger than first preset alternating current internal resistance from the lithium battery packs screened according to the self-discharge rate to obtain a third lithium battery pack after removal;
and screening the rejected third lithium battery pack according to a second preset alternating current internal resistance threshold value to obtain a first lithium battery pack.
Specifically, the first preset alternating current internal resistance is RCThe second preset AC internal resistance threshold is 1/2 (R)max-Rmin)-1/8(Rmax-Rmin)。
Testing the alternating current internal resistance of the lithium batteries in the lithium battery pack screened by the self-discharge rate, and removing the lithium batteries screened by the self-discharge rate from the lithium battery pack with the alternating current internal resistance greater than RCThe third lithium battery pack after being removed is obtained; the third lithium battery pack after being removed is 1/2 (R)max-Rmin)-1/8(Rmax-Rmin) Screening is carried out, preferably 1/3 (R)max-Rmin) And obtaining the first lithium battery pack. Wherein R ismaxIs the maximum value actually measured by the AC internal resistance, RminIs the minimum value actually measured by the alternating current internal resistance.
In addition, C isC、UC、KCAnd RCThe configuration of the grouping control lines may vary from manufacturer to manufacturer of the lithium battery pack.
Further, step S13 includes:
charging and discharging the lithium battery in the first lithium battery pack so that the state of charge of the lithium battery in the first lithium battery pack reaches a first preset state of charge threshold;
standing the lithium battery reaching the first preset charge state threshold value for a first preset time, and acquiring a first voltage of the lithium battery standing for the first preset time before discharging;
discharging the lithium battery which is kept still for the first preset time within the first discharge time threshold according to the first discharge rate threshold to obtain a discharged second voltage;
and obtaining a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack according to the first voltage before discharging and the second voltage after discharging.
Specifically, the first preset State-of-Charge threshold is 30% SOC to 70% SOC (State of Charge), the first preset time is 1h to 12h, the first discharge time threshold is 1S to 10S, and the first discharge rate threshold is 0.1C to 1.0C.
Charging and discharging the lithium battery in the first lithium battery pack so that the state of charge of the lithium battery in the first lithium battery pack reaches 30% SOC-70% SOC, preferably 60% SOC, standing the lithium battery reaching the first preset state of charge threshold for 1h-12h, preferably 4h, and obtaining a first voltage before discharging; discharging at 1S-10S (preferably 5S) according to 0.1C-1.0C (preferably 0.2C) to obtain a voltage after discharging, and obtaining a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack according to the first voltage before discharging and the second voltage after discharging, wherein the formula (1) is referred to:
DCR1＝(U1-U2)/0.2C (1)
wherein, DCR1Is a first direct current internal resistance, U1To a pre-discharge voltage, U2Is the post-discharge voltage.
Further, step S13 further includes:
charging and discharging the lithium battery in the second lithium battery pack so that the charge state of the lithium battery in the second lithium battery pack reaches a second preset charge state threshold;
standing the lithium battery reaching the second preset state-of-charge threshold value for a second preset time, and acquiring a third voltage of the lithium battery standing for the second preset time before discharging;
discharging the lithium battery which is kept still for a second preset time within a second discharge time threshold according to a second discharge rate threshold to obtain a discharged fourth voltage;
and obtaining a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack according to the third voltage before discharging and the fourth voltage after discharging.
Specifically, the second preset state of charge threshold is 30% SOC-70% SOC, the second preset time is 1h-12h, the second discharge time threshold is 1S-10S, and the second discharge rate threshold is 5.0C-15.0C.
Charging and discharging the lithium battery in the second lithium battery pack so that the state of charge of the lithium battery in the second lithium battery pack reaches 30% SOC-70% SOC, preferably 60% SOC, standing the lithium battery reaching a second preset state of charge threshold for 1h-12h, preferably 4h, and obtaining a third voltage before discharging; discharging at 5.0-15.0C (preferably 10.0C) in 1S-10S (preferably 5S) to obtain fourth voltage after discharge. Obtaining a second direct current internal resistance according to the third voltage before discharging and the fourth voltage after discharging, and referring to a formula (2):
DCR2＝(U3-U4)/10C (2)
wherein, DCR2Is the second direct current internal resistance, U3To a third voltage before discharge, U4Is the fourth voltage after discharge.
The embodiment of the invention provides a matching method of lithium batteries, which comprises the following steps: acquiring parameter information of a lithium battery, wherein the parameter information comprises capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance; screening a plurality of lithium batteries according to capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance to obtain a first lithium battery pack; performing charge and discharge processing on the first lithium battery pack to respectively obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack; obtaining a direct current internal resistance difference according to the first direct current internal resistance and the second direct current internal resistance; acquiring relaxation voltage of a lithium battery in the third lithium battery resistor; screening the lithium batteries in the third lithium battery pack according to the direct-current internal resistance difference to obtain a fourth lithium battery pack; screening the lithium batteries in the fourth lithium battery pack according to the relaxation voltage to obtain a fifth lithium battery pack; the lithium batteries in the fifth lithium battery pack are matched to obtain the lithium battery pack, so that the lithium batteries can be effectively matched to improve the consistency of each single lithium battery in the lithium battery pack after matching, and the service life of the battery system is prolonged.
Example two:
fig. 3 is a matching device for lithium batteries according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 3, the apparatus includes:
the lithium battery pack comprises a parameter information acquisition unit 1, a storage unit and a control unit, wherein the parameter information acquisition unit is used for acquiring parameter information of a lithium battery, and the parameter information comprises capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance;
the first screening unit 2 is used for screening the multiple lithium batteries according to the capacity, the open-circuit voltage, the self-discharge rate and the alternating current internal resistance respectively to obtain a first lithium battery pack;
the processing unit 3 is used for performing charging and discharging processing on the first lithium battery pack to respectively obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack;
the direct current internal resistance difference obtaining unit 4 is configured to obtain a direct current internal resistance difference according to the first direct current internal resistance and the second direct current internal resistance;
a relaxation voltage obtaining unit 5, configured to obtain a relaxation voltage of the lithium battery in the third lithium battery resistor;
the second screening unit 6 is used for screening the lithium batteries in the third lithium battery pack according to the direct-current internal resistance difference to obtain a fourth lithium battery pack;
the third screening unit 7 is used for screening the lithium batteries in the fourth lithium battery pack according to the relaxation voltage to obtain a fifth lithium battery pack;
and the matching unit 8 is used for matching the lithium batteries in the fifth lithium battery pack to obtain a lithium battery pack.
The embodiment of the invention provides a matching device of lithium batteries, which comprises: acquiring parameter information of a lithium battery, wherein the parameter information comprises capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance; screening a plurality of lithium batteries according to capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance to obtain a first lithium battery pack; performing charge and discharge processing on the first lithium battery pack to respectively obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack; obtaining a direct current internal resistance difference according to the first direct current internal resistance and the second direct current internal resistance; acquiring relaxation voltage of a lithium battery in the third lithium battery resistor; screening the lithium batteries in the third lithium battery pack according to the direct-current internal resistance difference to obtain a fourth lithium battery pack; screening the lithium batteries in the fourth lithium battery pack according to the relaxation voltage to obtain a fifth lithium battery pack; the lithium batteries in the fifth lithium battery pack are matched to obtain the lithium battery pack, so that the lithium batteries can be effectively matched to improve the consistency of each single lithium battery in the lithium battery pack after matching, and the service life of the battery system is prolonged.
The embodiment of the present invention further provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and capable of running on the processor, and when the processor executes the computer program, the steps of the method for grouping lithium batteries provided in the above embodiment are implemented.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored on the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the grouping method for lithium batteries of the embodiment are executed.
The computer program product provided in the embodiment of the present invention includes a computer-readable storage medium storing a program code, where instructions included in the program code may be used to execute the method described in the foregoing method embodiment, and specific implementation may refer to the method embodiment, which is not described herein again.
It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the system and the apparatus described above may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again.
In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium and includes instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk, and other various media capable of storing program codes.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, which are used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: any person skilled in the art can modify or easily conceive the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or equivalent substitutes for some technical features within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the embodiments of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included therein. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of grouping lithium batteries, the method comprising:
acquiring parameter information of a lithium battery, wherein the parameter information comprises capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance;
screening the multiple lithium batteries according to the capacity, the open-circuit voltage, the self-discharge rate and the alternating current internal resistance to obtain a first lithium battery pack;
performing charge and discharge processing on the first lithium battery pack to respectively obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack;
obtaining a direct current internal resistance difference according to the first direct current internal resistance and the second direct current internal resistance;
acquiring relaxation voltage of a lithium battery in the third lithium battery pack;
screening the lithium batteries in the third lithium battery pack according to the direct-current internal resistance difference to obtain a fourth lithium battery pack;
screening the lithium batteries in the fourth lithium battery pack according to the relaxation voltage to obtain a fifth lithium battery pack;
and matching the lithium batteries in the fifth lithium battery pack to obtain a lithium battery pack.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the step of screening the plurality of lithium batteries according to the capacity, the open-circuit voltage, the self-discharge rate, and the ac internal resistance to obtain a first lithium battery pack comprises:
screening the plurality of lithium batteries according to the capacity to obtain a lithium battery pack screened according to the capacity;
screening the lithium battery packs screened according to the capacity according to the open-circuit voltage to obtain the lithium battery packs screened according to the open-circuit voltage;
screening the lithium battery packs screened by the open-circuit voltage according to the self-discharge rate to obtain the lithium battery packs screened by the self-discharge rate;
and screening the lithium battery packs screened according to the self-discharge rate according to the alternating current internal resistance to obtain the first lithium battery pack.
3. The method for matching lithium batteries according to claim 2, wherein the step of screening the plurality of lithium batteries according to the capacities to obtain the lithium battery pack screened according to the capacities comprises the steps of:
removing lithium batteries with the capacity smaller than a first preset capacity from the multiple lithium batteries to obtain a removed first lithium battery pack;
and screening the first lithium battery pack after being rejected according to a second preset capacity threshold value to obtain the lithium battery pack screened according to the capacity.
4. The method for matching lithium batteries according to claim 2, wherein the screening the lithium battery packs screened according to capacity according to the open-circuit voltage to obtain the lithium battery packs screened according to the open-circuit voltage comprises:
acquiring the open-circuit voltage of the lithium batteries in the lithium battery pack screened according to the capacity;
removing the lithium batteries with the open circuit voltage smaller than a first preset voltage from the lithium battery packs screened according to the capacity to obtain a second lithium battery pack after removal;
and screening the second lithium battery pack after being rejected according to a second preset voltage threshold value to obtain the lithium battery pack screened by the open-circuit voltage.
5. The method for matching lithium batteries according to claim 2, wherein the screening the lithium battery packs screened according to the open-circuit voltage according to the self-discharge rate to obtain the lithium battery packs screened according to the self-discharge rate comprises:
acquiring the voltage before placing and the voltage after placing of the lithium battery in the lithium battery pack screened by the open-circuit voltage;
obtaining a voltage difference according to the voltage before placement and the voltage after placement;
calculating the self-discharge rate of the lithium battery according to the voltage difference;
removing the lithium batteries with the self-discharge rates larger than a first preset self-discharge rate from the lithium battery packs screened by the open-circuit voltage to obtain a third lithium battery pack after removal;
and screening the rejected third lithium battery pack according to a second preset self-discharge rate threshold value to obtain the lithium battery pack screened according to the self-discharge rate.
6. The method for matching lithium batteries according to claim 2, wherein the step of screening the lithium battery packs screened according to the self-discharge rates according to the alternating current internal resistance to obtain the first lithium battery pack comprises the following steps:
obtaining the alternating current internal resistance of the lithium batteries in the lithium battery pack screened by the self-discharge rate;
removing lithium batteries with the alternating current internal resistance larger than a first preset alternating current internal resistance from the lithium battery packs screened according to the self-discharge rate to obtain a third lithium battery pack after removal;
and screening the rejected third lithium battery pack according to a second preset alternating current internal resistance threshold value to obtain the first lithium battery pack.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the charging and discharging the first lithium battery pack to obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to a second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to a third lithium battery pack respectively comprises:
charging and discharging the lithium battery in the first lithium battery pack so that the charge state of the lithium battery in the first lithium battery pack reaches a first preset charge state threshold;
standing the lithium battery reaching the first preset charge state threshold value for a first preset time, and acquiring a first voltage of the lithium battery standing for the first preset time before discharging;
discharging the lithium battery which is kept still for the first preset time within a first discharge time threshold according to a first discharge rate threshold to obtain a discharged second voltage;
and obtaining a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack according to the first voltage before discharging and the second voltage after discharging.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the charging and discharging the first lithium battery pack to obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to a second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to a third lithium battery pack respectively comprises:
charging and discharging the lithium battery in the second lithium battery pack so that the charge state of the lithium battery in the second lithium battery pack reaches a second preset charge state threshold;
standing the lithium battery reaching the second preset state-of-charge threshold value for a second preset time, and acquiring a third voltage of the lithium battery standing for the second preset time before discharging;
discharging the lithium battery which is kept still for the second preset time within a second discharge time threshold according to a second discharge rate threshold to obtain a discharged fourth voltage;
and obtaining a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack according to the third voltage before discharging and the fourth voltage after discharging.
9. A lithium battery grouping apparatus, comprising:
the lithium battery comprises a parameter information acquisition unit, a parameter information acquisition unit and a parameter information processing unit, wherein the parameter information acquisition unit is used for acquiring parameter information of the lithium battery, and the parameter information comprises capacity, open-circuit voltage, self-discharge rate and alternating current internal resistance;
the first screening unit is used for screening the multiple lithium batteries according to the capacity, the open-circuit voltage, the self-discharge rate and the alternating current internal resistance to obtain a first lithium battery pack;
the processing unit is used for performing charging and discharging processing on the first lithium battery pack to respectively obtain a first direct current internal resistance corresponding to the second lithium battery pack and a second direct current internal resistance corresponding to the third lithium battery pack;
the direct current internal resistance difference obtaining unit is used for obtaining a direct current internal resistance difference according to the first direct current internal resistance and the second direct current internal resistance;
a relaxation voltage acquisition unit for acquiring relaxation voltages of lithium batteries in the third lithium battery pack;
the second screening unit is used for screening the lithium batteries in the third lithium battery pack according to the direct-current internal resistance difference to obtain a fourth lithium battery pack;
the third screening unit is used for screening the lithium batteries in the fourth lithium battery pack according to the relaxation voltage to obtain a fifth lithium battery pack;
and the matching unit is used for matching the lithium batteries in the fifth lithium battery pack to obtain the lithium battery pack.
10. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and operable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the steps of the method of any of claims 1 to 8 when executing the computer program.
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| CN113484786B (en) * | 2021-07-23 | 2024-06-21 | 广州鹏辉能源科技股份有限公司 | Lithium battery matching method, device, computer equipment and readable storage medium |
| CN114122545B (en) * | 2021-11-05 | 2024-09-03 | 格力钛新能源股份有限公司 | Lithium battery matching method |
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| CN102903977B (en) * | 2012-09-29 | 2014-09-24 | 江苏恒迅中锂新能源科技有限公司 | Method for assembling lithium battery |
| CN103008261A (en) * | 2012-12-24 | 2013-04-03 | 天津力神电池股份有限公司 | Method for sorting degrees of self-discharging of lithium ion batteries |
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