CN110673259A - Cascade chirp long period fiber grating band-pass filter - Google Patents
Cascade chirp long period fiber grating band-pass filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN110673259A CN110673259A CN201910948041.6A CN201910948041A CN110673259A CN 110673259 A CN110673259 A CN 110673259A CN 201910948041 A CN201910948041 A CN 201910948041A CN 110673259 A CN110673259 A CN 110673259A
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920000052 poly(p-xylylene) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920002492 poly(sulfone) Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000915 polyvinyl chloride Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004800 polyvinyl chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
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- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 42
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000012792 core layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
- G02B6/02057—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating comprising gratings
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/02—Optical fibres with cladding with or without a coating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cascade chirped long-period fiber grating band-pass filter, which comprises a first chirped long-period fiber grating, a first high-refractive-index layer, a second chirped long-period fiber grating, a second high-refractive-index layer and a cascade single-mode fiber, wherein the first high-refractive-index layer is coated on the surface of the first chirped long-period fiber grating and is more than 2mm thick, the second high-refractive-index layer is coated on the surface of the second chirped long-period fiber grating and is more than 2mm thick, and the cascade single-mode fiber is connected with the output end of the first chirped long-period fiber grating and the. The first chirp long-period fiber grating has the characteristic of band-stop filtering at the position smaller than the preset central wavelength, the second chirp long-period fiber grating has the characteristic of band-stop filtering at the position larger than the preset central wavelength, and after the two sections of gratings are cascaded through the cascaded single-mode fiber, the band-pass filtering effect at the position of the preset central wavelength is formed. The invention has certain application value in the fields of optical fiber communication and optical fiber sensing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of optical fiber communication and optical fiber sensing, in particular to a cascade chirped long-period fiber grating band-pass filter.
Background
The long period fiber grating is a transmission type fiber grating, the period is generally larger than 10 μm, and for a specific working wavelength, the long period fiber grating can couple the energy of a core layer mode into a cladding layer mode transmitted in the same direction, thereby causing transmission loss on the corresponding wavelength and forming the characteristic of band stop type filtering. The band-stop filtering characteristic of the long-period fiber grating is just opposite to the band-pass characteristic required in the wavelength division multiplexing of fiber communication, so that the long-period fiber grating cannot be directly used in a wavelength division multiplexing system. How to change the spectral characteristics of the long-period fiber grating and realize the effect of band-pass filtering is a difficult problem in the fields of fiber communication and fiber sensing.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a cascade chirped long-period fiber grating band-pass filter to solve the problem that the band-pass filtering is difficult to realize by adopting a long-period fiber grating in the related technology.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a cascade chirp long period fiber grating band-pass filter comprises a first chirp long period fiber grating, a cascade single mode fiber and a second chirp long period fiber grating which are connected in sequence;
the surface of the first chirped long-period fiber grating is coated with a first high-refractive-index layer;
the surface of the second chirped long-period fiber grating is coated with a second high-refractive-index layer;
the thickness of the first high refractive index layer and the second high refractive index layer is more than 2 mm;
the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer is greater than the refractive index of the cladding of the first chirped long-period fiber grating;
the refractive index of the second high refractive index layer is greater than the refractive index of the cladding of the second chirped long-period fiber grating.
Further, the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer is 1.5 ~ 1.68.1.68, and the refractive index of the second high refractive index layer is 1.5 ~ 1.68.68.
Further, the first high refractive index layer and the second high refractive index layer include at least two coating layers;
the first layer coating of the first high refractive index layer is made of materials including polysulfone resin and parylene, the thickness of the materials is more than 1mm, and the refractive index of the materials is 1.62 ~ 1.68;
the second coating of the first high-refractive-index layer is made of polyvinyl chloride and polyacrylate, the thickness of the second coating is greater than 1mm, and the refractive index of the second coating is 1.5 ~ 1.62.62;
the first layer coating of the second high refractive index layer is made of materials including polysulfone resin and parylene, the thickness of the materials is more than 1mm, and the refractive index of the materials is 1.62 ~ 1.68;
the material used for the second coating of the second high-refractive-index layer comprises polyvinyl chloride and polyacrylate, the thickness of the second high-refractive-index layer is more than 1mm, and the refractive index of the second high-refractive-index layer is 1.5 ~ 1.62.62.
Furthermore, the first chirped long-period fiber grating, the cascade single-mode fiber and the second chirped long-period fiber grating are connected without core displacement.
Further, the connection without core displacement includes welding.
Furthermore, the first chirped long-period fiber grating, the cascade single-mode fiber and the second chirped long-period fiber grating are of an integrally formed structure.
Further, the length of the first chirped long-period fiber grating is 2cm ~ 10 cm;
the period of the first chirped long-period fiber grating is less than 150 μm;
the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the period of the first chirped long-period fiber grating is 2 microns ~ 6 microns;
the period of the first chirped long-period fiber grating is linearly increased or linearly decreased from the input end to the output end.
Further, the length of the second chirped long-period fiber grating is 2cm ~ 10 cm;
the period of the second chirped long-period fiber grating is more than 150 mu m;
the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the period of the second chirped long-period fiber grating is 2 μm ~ 6 μm;
the period of the second chirped long-period fiber grating is linearly increased or linearly decreased from the input end to the output end.
Further, the cascade single-mode optical fiber comprises a single-mode communication optical fiber and a single-mode photosensitive optical fiber.
Further, the length of the cascaded single-mode optical fiber is 0 ~ 2 cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, the surfaces of the first chirped long-period fiber grating and the second chirped long-period fiber grating are respectively coated with the first high-refractive-index layer and the second high-refractive-index layer with the thickness of more than 2mm, and the cladding modes in the two gratings are changed into the leakage mode, so that the core layer mode energy in the gratings can be attenuated after being coupled into the leakage mode, and a good band elimination filtering effect is formed; in addition, the first chirp long-period fiber grating and the second chirp long-period fiber grating are cascaded through a cascade single-mode fiber, so that the spectrums of the two gratings are overlapped, and finally a band-pass filtering effect at the preset central wavelength is formed; the invention skillfully changes the band-stop filtering characteristic of the long-period fiber grating and effectively solves the problem that the band-pass filtering is difficult to realize by adopting the long-period fiber grating.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a cascaded chirped long-period fiber grating band-pass filter according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a transmission spectrum of a cascaded chirped long-period fiber grating band-pass filter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention discloses a cascade chirp long period fiber grating band-pass filter, as shown in figure 1, comprising:
a first chirped long period fiber grating 100 that receives input signal light;
a first high refractive index layer 101 coated on the surface of the first chirped long period fiber grating 100 and having a thickness greater than 2 mm;
a cascade single-mode fiber 102 connected to the first chirped long-period fiber grating 100 and receiving the signal light output by the first chirped long-period fiber grating 100;
a second chirped long-period fiber grating 103 connected to the cascade single-mode fiber 102, for receiving and outputting the signal light output from the cascade single-mode fiber 102;
and a second high refractive index layer 104 coated on the surface of the second chirped long period fiber grating 103 and having a thickness greater than 2 mm.
The first chirped long-period fiber grating 100 and the second chirped long-period fiber grating 103 may also be referred to as a first chirped long-period fiber grating and a second chirped long-period fiber grating, respectively.
The first chirped long-period fiber grating 100, the cascade single-mode fiber 102, and the second chirped long-period fiber grating 103 are the same single-mode fiber, the first chirped long-period fiber grating 100 and the second chirped long-period fiber grating 103 are written on the single-mode fiber, and the single-mode fiber between the first chirped long-period fiber grating 100 and the second chirped long-period fiber grating 103 is the cascade single-mode fiber 102.
The first chirped long-period fiber grating 100 and the second chirped long-period fiber grating 103 may also be written on different single-mode fibers, and then, an unbiased connection is performed through the cascaded single-mode fiber 102, where the unbiased connection includes fusion splicing, or other ways that can connect three segments of fibers.
The first chirped long period fiber grating 100 includes: by ultraviolet radiationChirp long period optical fibre raster written by exposure method and its application in CO2A chirped long period fiber grating written by a laser.
The first high refractive index layer 101 covers at least the first chirped long period fiber grating 100 section completely.
The second chirped long period fiber grating 103 comprises a chirped long period fiber grating written by ultraviolet exposure and a chirped long period fiber grating written by CO2A chirped long period fiber grating written by a laser.
The second high refractive index layer 104 covers at least the second chirped long period fiber grating 103 segment completely.
The length of the first chirped long period fiber grating 100 is 2cm ~ 10cm, the period of the first chirped long period fiber grating 100 is less than 150 μm, and linearly increases or linearly decreases from the input end to the output end, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the period is 2 μm ~ 6 μm.
The refractive index of the first high refractive index layer 101 is larger than the refractive index of the cladding of the first chirped long-period fiber grating 100.
The length of the second chirped long-period fiber grating 103 is 2cm ~ 10cm, the period of the second chirped long-period fiber grating 103 is larger than 150 μm, the period increases linearly or decreases linearly from the input end to the output end, and the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the period is 2 μm ~ 6 μm.
The invention enables the first chirp long-period fiber grating 100 to present the characteristic of band elimination filtering at the position smaller than the preset central wavelength and the second chirp long-period fiber grating 103 to present the characteristic of band elimination filtering at the position larger than the preset central wavelength through the setting of the period range.
The refractive index of the second high refractive index layer 104 is larger than the refractive index of the cladding of the second chirped long-period fiber grating 103.
The refractive index of the first high refractive-index layer 101 is 1.5 ~ 1.68.68, and the refractive index of the second high refractive-index layer 104 is 1.5 ~ 1.68.68.
The material used for the first high refractive-index layer 101 and the second high refractive-index layer 104 may be polysulfone resin, parylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyacrylate.
The first high refractive index layer 101 and the second high refractive index layer 104 include at least two coating layers;
the material used for the first coating layer of the first high refractive index layer 101 includes polysulfone resin, parylene, with a thickness of more than 1mm and a refractive index of 1.62 ~ 1.68;
the second coating of the first high refractive index layer 101 is made of polyvinyl chloride and polyacrylate, the thickness of the second coating is greater than 1mm, and the refractive index of the second coating is 1.5 ~ 1.62.62;
the material used for the first coating layer of the second high refractive index layer 104 comprises polysulfone resin and parylene, the thickness is more than 1mm, and the refractive index is 1.62 ~ 1.68;
the material used for the second coating of the second high refractive index layer 104 comprises polyvinyl chloride and polyacrylate, the thickness is more than 1mm, and the refractive index is 1.5 ~ 1.62.62.
One specific embodiment of the present invention is given below.
The first chirped long-period fiber grating 100 and the second chirped long-period fiber grating 103 are written on the same single-mode fiber, and the parameters of the single-mode fiber are as follows: the core diameter was 5 μm, the core refractive index was 1.458, the cladding diameter was 125 μm, and the cladding refractive index was 1.45. The single mode fiber parameters are preferably set, but not limited to the fixed values.
The first chirped long-period fiber grating 100 has a length of 6cm, a grating period linearly increasing from 85 μm to 88 μm, and a refractive index modulation depth of 8 × 10-4. The first high refractive index layer coated on the surface of the first long period fiber grating 100 includes two layers of coatings, wherein the first coating has a refractive index of 1.65 and a thickness of 1.5mm, and is directly coated on the surface of the first chirped long period fiber grating 100; the second coating layer had a refractive index of 1.55 and a thickness of 1.5mm, and was coated on the surface of the first coating layer. The parameters of the first chirped long period fiber grating 100 and the parameters of the first high refractive index layer 101 are preferably set, but are not limited to the fixed values.
The length of the second long-period fiber grating 103 is 3cm, the grating period increases linearly from 220 μm to 224 μm, and the refractive index modulation depth is 8 × 10-4. Is coated on the second chirped long-period fiber grating103 comprising a first coating layer having a refractive index of 1.65 and a thickness of 1.8mm, directly coated on the surface of the second chirped long period fiber grating; the second coating layer had a refractive index of 1.58 and a thickness of 1.2mm, and was applied to the surface of the first coating layer. Here, the parameters of the second chirped long-period fiber grating 103 and the parameters of the second high refractive index layer 104 are preferably set, but not limited to the fixed values.
The single-mode fiber between the first chirped long-period fiber grating 100 and the second chirped long-period fiber grating 103 is the cascade single-mode fiber 102, and the length of the cascade single-mode fiber 102 is 1 cm. The length of the cascaded single-mode fiber 102 is preferably set here, but is not limited to the fixed value.
The realization principle of the cascade chirp long-period fiber grating band-pass filter is as follows:
the surfaces of the first chirped long-period fiber grating and the second chirped long-period fiber grating are coated with high-refractive-index layers with the thickness of more than 2mm, so that the cladding modes in the two gratings are leakage modes. The period range of the first chirped long-period fiber grating can enable a core layer mode and a leakage mode in the first chirped long-period fiber grating to meet a phase matching condition at a short wavelength smaller than a preset central wavelength, so that at the short wavelength smaller than the preset central wavelength, the core layer mode energy in the first chirped fiber grating is coupled into the leakage mode and is lost, and the characteristic of short-wavelength band-stop filtering is formed; the period range of the second chirped long-period fiber grating can enable a core layer mode and a leakage mode in the second chirped long-period fiber grating to meet a phase matching condition at a long wavelength which is longer than a preset central wavelength, so that at the long wavelength which is longer than the preset central wavelength, the core layer mode energy in the second chirped long-period fiber grating is coupled into the leakage mode and is lost, and the characteristic of long-wavelength band-stop filtering is formed; after the first chirped long-period fiber grating and the second chirped long-period fiber grating are cascaded through the cascaded single-mode fiber, the spectrums of the two gratings are overlapped, and finally a band-pass filtering effect at the preset central wavelength is formed.
Fig. 2 is a transmission spectrum of a cascaded chirped long period fiber grating bandpass filter in a separate embodiment of the present invention. As can be seen from the spectrum, the filter is a band-pass filter with a center wavelength of 1.5 μm and a 3dB bandwidth of 130 nm.
It should be noted that, in the cascaded chirped long-period fiber grating bandpass filter disclosed in this embodiment, only two chirped long-period fiber gratings with periods of specific lengths that vary linearly within respective preferred set ranges need to be written on a single mode fiber, and then the surfaces of the two chirped long-period fiber gratings are simply and physically coated, so that the cascaded chirped long-period fiber grating bandpass filter is simple to manufacture, good in stability, and easy to produce in batches.
The embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A cascade chirp long period fiber grating band-pass filter is characterized by comprising a first chirp long period fiber grating, a cascade single mode fiber and a second chirp long period fiber grating which are sequentially connected;
the surface of the first chirped long-period fiber grating is coated with a first high-refractive-index layer;
the surface of the second chirped long-period fiber grating is coated with a second high-refractive-index layer;
the thickness of the first high refractive index layer and the second high refractive index layer is more than 2 mm;
the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer is greater than the refractive index of the cladding of the first chirped long-period fiber grating;
the refractive index of the second high refractive index layer is greater than the refractive index of the cladding of the second chirped long-period fiber grating.
2. The cascaded chirped long period fiber grating bandpass filter of claim 1, wherein the refractive index of the first high refractive index layer is 1.5 ~ 1.68.68, and the refractive index of the second high refractive index layer is 1.5 ~ 1.68.68.
3. The cascaded chirped long period fiber grating bandpass filter according to claim 2, wherein the first high refractive index layer and the second high refractive index layer comprise at least two coatings;
the first layer coating of the first high refractive index layer is made of materials including polysulfone resin and parylene, the thickness of the materials is more than 1mm, and the refractive index of the materials is 1.62 ~ 1.68;
the second coating of the first high-refractive-index layer is made of polyvinyl chloride and polyacrylate, the thickness of the second coating is greater than 1mm, and the refractive index of the second coating is 1.5 ~ 1.62.62;
the first layer coating of the second high refractive index layer is made of materials including polysulfone resin and parylene, the thickness of the materials is more than 1mm, and the refractive index of the materials is 1.62 ~ 1.68;
the material used for the second coating of the second high-refractive-index layer comprises polyvinyl chloride and polyacrylate, the thickness of the second high-refractive-index layer is more than 1mm, and the refractive index of the second high-refractive-index layer is 1.5 ~ 1.62.62.
4. The bandpass filter according to claim 1, wherein the first chirped long period fiber grating, the cascaded single-mode fiber, and the second chirped long period fiber grating are connected without core displacement.
5. The cascaded chirped long period fiber grating bandpass filter according to claim 4, wherein the connection without an eccentric core comprises a fusion splice.
6. The bandpass filter according to claim 1, wherein the first chirped long period fiber grating, the cascaded single mode fiber and the second chirped long period fiber grating are integrally formed.
7. The cascaded chirped long period fiber grating bandpass filter according to claim 1, wherein the length of the first chirped long period fiber grating is 2cm ~ 10 cm;
the period of the first chirped long-period fiber grating is less than 150 μm;
the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the period of the first chirped long-period fiber grating is 2 microns ~ 6 microns;
the period of the first chirped long-period fiber grating is linearly increased or linearly decreased from the input end to the output end.
8. The cascaded chirped long period fiber grating bandpass filter according to claim 1, wherein the length of the second chirped long period fiber grating is 2cm ~ 10 cm;
the period of the second chirped long-period fiber grating is more than 150 mu m;
the difference between the maximum value and the minimum value of the period of the second chirped long-period fiber grating is 2 μm ~ 6 μm;
the period of the second chirped long-period fiber grating is linearly increased or linearly decreased from the input end to the output end.
9. The cascaded chirped long period fiber grating band-pass filter according to claim 1, wherein the cascaded single mode optical fiber comprises a single mode communication fiber and a single mode photosensitive fiber.
10. The cascaded chirped long period fiber grating bandpass filter according to claim 1, wherein the length of the cascaded single mode fiber is 0 ~ 2 cm.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112068237A (en) * | 2020-09-07 | 2020-12-11 | 桂林电子科技大学 | Cascade multi-type grating based on single stress element optical fiber and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200110 |