CN110672997A - Transformer induction voltage-withstanding partial discharge test method - Google Patents
Transformer induction voltage-withstanding partial discharge test method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110672997A CN110672997A CN201910969261.7A CN201910969261A CN110672997A CN 110672997 A CN110672997 A CN 110672997A CN 201910969261 A CN201910969261 A CN 201910969261A CN 110672997 A CN110672997 A CN 110672997A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/14—Circuits therefor, e.g. for generating test voltages, sensing circuits
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Abstract
The invention discloses a transformer induction voltage-withstand partial discharge test method, which is characterized in that safety technology bottom-crossing is carried out before the test and the test is prepared for working before the test, and during the test, the test is carried out firstly when the test is not more than U2The power supply is switched on at a voltage of/3, and then the voltage is raised to 1.1UmV. 3, holding for 5 min; after 5min, the voltage is increased to U2Keeping for 5 min; after 5min, the voltage is increased to U1The duration time is 60s at full voltage when the test voltage frequency is equal to or less than 2 times of the rated frequency; when the test voltage frequency is more than 2 times of the rated frequency, the test time under the full voltage is as follows: 120 x nominal frequency/test frequency (sec), but not less than 15 sec; u shape1Immediately after the specified time, the voltage is continuously reduced to U2And maintaining for at least 60 min or 30min to measure partial discharge, and after the voltage is reduced to 1.1 Um/v 3, maintaining for 5min to reduce the voltage to U2And below/3, finally cutting off the power supply. The invention canA higher test voltage is obtained with a lower capacity test transformer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a voltage withstand test method of a transformer, in particular to an induction voltage withstand partial discharge test method of the transformer.
Background
The power transformer is used as an important component in the operation of a power grid, the quality and the installation process of the power transformer can influence the normal use of the power transformer, the transformer is comprehensively tested by adopting a partial discharge test at present, thereby realizing the aim of safe power supply, taking partial discharge measurement as a test item capable of avoiding damage, the partial discharge measurement is increasingly paid attention by large-scale power transformer operation management units, since it is one of the important indicators for determining the structural reliability of the transformer insulation system, the purpose of the partial discharge measurement is to prove that no destructive discharge source exists inside, and at the same time it is possible to analyze whether there are regions with too high dielectric strength inside the transformer, the transformer capacity test method is used for solving the problem that the capacity of the tested transformer cannot meet the test requirement in a general alternating current withstand voltage test, because the region can cause harm to the long-term safe operation of the transformer.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the transformer induction voltage-withstand partial discharge test method overcomes the defects in the prior art, can obtain higher test voltage by using a test transformer with lower capacity, and solves the problem that the capacity of the test transformer cannot meet the test requirements in a common alternating current voltage-withstand test.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows:
a transformer induction voltage-withstanding partial discharge test method comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out safety technology background crossing before the test and preparing the work before the test: the method comprises the steps of completing installation of a test sleeve as required, observing whether the oil level of a main transformer is normal or not, observing whether the standing time exceeds 48 hours or not, deflating, adjusting a tap switch of the transformer to a 9B gear after the oil level of the main transformer is qualified, completely isolating the transformer from other equipment, performing insulation test on all devices, providing a transformer voltage-equalizing cap on the high-voltage side of the transformer, grounding the central point of the high-voltage side of the transformer, grounding the CT secondary circuit in a short circuit mode, directly grounding by using a special grounding wire, preparing a special test power supply, and finally connecting all experimental instruments in a wiring mode;
(2) the test was started: firstly, measuring the AC withstand voltage of A phase, firstly, measuring the AC withstand voltage of not more than U phase2The power supply is switched on at a voltage of/3, and then the voltage is raised to 1.1UmV. 3, holding for 5 min; after 5min, the voltage is increased to U2Keeping for 5 min; after 5min, the voltage is increased to U1The duration of which is performed as specified below: the test voltage waveform is as close to sine as possible, the test voltage value is the peak value of the measured voltage divided by √ 2, the test voltage value is monitored at a high-voltage end during the test, the frequency of the externally applied alternating voltage test voltage is 45-65 HZ, and the endurance time under the full voltage is 60 s; in the induction voltage test, in order to prevent the iron core from being saturated and the exciting current from being overlarge, the frequency of the test voltage is properly larger than the rated frequency; unless otherwise specified, when the test voltage frequency is equal to or less than 2 times the rated frequency, the test time at full voltage is 60 s; when the test voltage frequency is more than 2 times of the rated frequency, the test time under the full voltage is as follows: 120 x nominal frequency/test frequency (sec), but not less than 15 sec; u shape1Immediately after the specified time, the voltage is continuously reduced to U2And maintained for at least 60 min (for Um ≧ 300 kV) or 30min (for Um < 300 kV) to measure partial discharge, in the presence of electricityAfter the pressure was reduced to 1.1 Um/V3, it was kept for 5 min; after 5min, the voltage is reduced to U2When the voltage is below/3, the power supply is cut off;
(3) measuring the AC withstand voltage condition of the phase B in the same manner as the AC withstand voltage condition of the phase A;
(4) measuring the AC withstand voltage condition of the C phase in the same manner as the AC withstand voltage condition of the A phase;
(5) measuring the insulation resistance after the A-phase alternating current voltage withstanding, measuring the insulation resistance after the B-phase alternating current voltage withstanding and measuring the insulation resistance after the C-phase alternating current voltage withstanding, and finishing the test after all the measured data are qualified;
(6) and (5) removing all temporary connections and cleaning the field.
The Um is an effective value of the highest operating line voltage of the equipment, and the voltage to ground is as follows: u shape1=1.7Um/√3 、U2=1.5 Um/v 3 or 1.3 Um/v 3, divided by U1The remaining test durations are independent of the test frequency, except for the duration of (c).
① the amount of partial discharge should be monitored throughout the period of application of the test voltage.
② the background noise level should be measured on all measurement channels before and after the test voltage is applied;
③ rising to U at voltage2And is composed of U2During the fall, the possible partial discharge starting voltage and extinguishing voltage should be recorded, and the apparent charge amount of the partial discharge should be measured at 1.1 Um/v 3;
④ at voltage U2Should take and record a reading during the first phase of (a), and not specify its apparent charge value for that phase;
⑤ applying U1The apparent charge magnitude is not required to be given during the period;
⑥ at voltage U2Should be observed continuously throughout the second phase of (a), and recorded every 5 min.
The discharge measurement test of the transformer induction voltage-withstanding partial discharge test is qualified and should meet the following regulations:
① the test voltage does not drop suddenly;
② at U2A continuous level of partial discharge amount during a long test at =1.5Um/√ 3 or 1.3Um/√ 3 is not more than 500pC or 300 pC;
③ at U2In the lower part, the partial discharge does not show a continuous increasing trend, and the occasional pulse with higher amplitude can not be counted;
④ at 1.1Um/√ 3, the continuous level of apparent charge is no greater than 100 pC.
The frequency conversion parallel resonance voltage-withstand device generates a schematic diagram of parallel resonance: in the R-L-C circuit, the principle is derived from electrical knowledge as shown in fig. 2: when the LRC parallel circuit has the phenomenon that the circuit terminal voltage and the total current are in the same phase, which is called parallel resonance, the parallel resonance is complete compensation, the power supply does not need to provide reactive power, only provides active power required by a resistor, when the LRC parallel circuit resonates, the total current in the circuit is minimum, the branch current is often larger than the total current in the circuit, magnetic field energy in an inductor and electric field energy in a test product capacitor compensate each other, the reactive power required by the test product is all supplied by a reactor, and the power supply only provides active loss of a loop, as shown in fig. 2, when ω L =1/ω c, the resonant frequency f =1/2 pi √ LC of the loop, that is, the circuit generates parallel resonance, the power supply provides very small exciting current, and very high voltage can be obtained on the test product, and the power supply frequency is the resonant frequency.
When the power supply frequency (f), the inductance (L) and the tested equipment capacitance (C) satisfy the following formula, the loop is in a parallel resonance state, and at the time: f =1/2 pi √ LC, the ratio of the current flowing through the capacitor C (or the current flowing through the inductor L) to the port input current I is the quality factor of the test loop: q = Ic0/I=ILOI, when Q>>When the circuit is close to the resonance state, the current flowing through the capacitor and the inductor is far larger than the input current of the port, the effective value of the current flowing through the capacitor and the inductor is related to the frequency, the maximum value of the current does not generally appear at the resonance frequency, and when the quality factor is higher, the difference between the maximum value of the current and the value at the resonance is small, so that a higher test voltage can be obtained by using a test transformer with lower capacity.
The invention has the following positive beneficial effects:
the test loop is in a resonance state, the loop has a good filtering function, harmonic components in the power supply waveform are greatly reduced at two ends of equipment, so that a good sine waveform is output, when a test article is discharged or broken down, namely an equivalent capacitor in the loop is short-circuited, the resonance condition is damaged, the voltage is obviously reduced, the recovery voltage is slowly increased, transient overvoltage does not occur on the test article, and the short-circuit current supplied by the power supply is limited by reactance and reduced, so that the damage degree of the tested equipment is limited; by utilizing parallel resonance, a higher test voltage can be obtained by using a test transformer with lower capacity, so that the problem that the capacity of the test transformer cannot meet the test requirement in a common alternating current withstand voltage test is solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the transformer induced voltage withstand partial discharge test method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the R-L-C circuit of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained and explained with reference to the accompanying drawings, fig. 1, fig. 2 and the following detailed description:
example (b): (1) carrying out safety technology background crossing before the test and preparing the work before the test: the method comprises the steps of completing installation of a test sleeve as required, observing whether the oil level of a main transformer is normal or not, observing whether the standing time exceeds 48 hours or not, deflating, adjusting a tap switch of the transformer to a 9B gear after the oil level of the main transformer is qualified, completely isolating the transformer from other equipment, performing insulation test on all devices, providing a transformer voltage-equalizing cap on the high-voltage side of the transformer, grounding the central point of the high-voltage side of the transformer, grounding the CT secondary circuit in a short circuit mode, directly grounding by using a special grounding wire, preparing a special test power supply, and finally connecting all experimental instruments in a wiring mode;
(2) the test was started: firstly, measuring the AC withstand voltage of A phase, firstly, measuring the AC withstand voltage of not more than U phase2The power supply is switched on at a voltage of/3, and then the voltage is raised to 1.1UmV. 3, holding for 5 min; after 5min, the voltage is increased to U2Keeping for 5 min; after 5min, the voltage is increased to U1When it continuesThe process is performed as follows: the test voltage waveform is as close to sine as possible, the test voltage value is the peak value of the measured voltage divided by √ 2, the test voltage value is monitored at a high-voltage end during the test, the frequency of the externally applied alternating voltage test voltage is 45-65 HZ, and the endurance time under the full voltage is 60 s; in the induction voltage test, in order to prevent the iron core from being saturated and the exciting current from being overlarge, the frequency of the test voltage is properly larger than the rated frequency; unless otherwise specified, when the test voltage frequency is equal to or less than 2 times the rated frequency, the test time at full voltage is 60 s; when the test voltage frequency is more than 2 times of the rated frequency, the test time under the full voltage is as follows: 120 x nominal frequency/test frequency (sec), but not less than 15 sec; u shape1Immediately after the specified time, the voltage is continuously reduced to U2And maintained for at least 60 min (for Um ≧ 300 kV) or 30min (for Um < 300 kV) to measure partial discharge, and maintained for 5min after the voltage is reduced to 1.1Um/√ 3; after 5min, the voltage is reduced to U2When the voltage is below/3, the power supply is cut off;
(3) measuring the AC withstand voltage condition of the phase B in the same manner as the AC withstand voltage condition of the phase A;
(4) measuring the AC withstand voltage condition of the C phase in the same manner as the AC withstand voltage condition of the A phase;
(5) measuring the insulation resistance after the A-phase alternating current voltage withstanding, measuring the insulation resistance after the B-phase alternating current voltage withstanding and measuring the insulation resistance after the C-phase alternating current voltage withstanding, and finishing the test after all the measured data are qualified;
(6) and (5) removing all temporary connections and cleaning the field.
Um is the effective value of the highest operating line voltage of the equipment, and the voltage to ground should be: u shape1=1.7Um/√3 、U2=1.5 Um/v 3 or 1.3 Um/v 3, divided by U1The remaining test durations are independent of the test frequency, except for the duration of (c).
① the amount of partial discharge should be monitored throughout the period of application of the test voltage.
② the background noise level should be measured on all measurement channels before and after the test voltage is applied;
③ rising in voltageTo U2And is composed of U2During the fall, the possible partial discharge starting voltage and extinguishing voltage should be recorded, and the apparent charge amount of the partial discharge should be measured at 1.1 Um/v 3;
④ at voltage U2Should take and record a reading during the first phase of (a), and not specify its apparent charge value for that phase;
⑤ applying U1The apparent charge magnitude is not required to be given during the period;
⑥ at voltage U2Should be observed continuously throughout the second phase of (a), and recorded every 5 min.
The discharge measurement test of the transformer induction voltage-withstanding partial discharge test is qualified and should meet the following regulations:
① the test voltage does not drop suddenly;
② at U2A continuous level of partial discharge amount during a long test at =1.5Um/√ 3 or 1.3Um/√ 3 is not more than 500pC or 300 pC;
③ at U2In the lower part, the partial discharge does not show a continuous increasing trend, and the occasional pulse with higher amplitude can not be counted;
④ at 1.1Um/√ 3, the continuous level of apparent charge is no greater than 100 pC.
The frequency conversion parallel resonance voltage-withstand device generates a schematic diagram of parallel resonance: in the R-L-C circuit, the principle is derived from electrical knowledge as shown in fig. 2: when the LRC parallel circuit has the phenomenon that the circuit terminal voltage and the total current are in the same phase, which is called parallel resonance, the parallel resonance is complete compensation, the power supply does not need to provide reactive power, only provides active power required by a resistor, when the LRC parallel circuit resonates, the total current in the circuit is minimum, the branch current is often larger than the total current in the circuit, magnetic field energy in an inductor and electric field energy in a test product capacitor compensate each other, the reactive power required by the test product is all supplied by a reactor, and the power supply only provides active loss of a loop, as shown in fig. 2, when ω L =1/ω c, the resonant frequency f =1/2 pi √ LC of the loop, that is, the circuit generates parallel resonance, the power supply provides very small exciting current, and very high voltage can be obtained on the test product, and the power supply frequency is the resonant frequency.
When the power supply frequency (f), the inductance (L) and the tested equipment capacitance (C) satisfy the following formula, the loop is in a parallel resonance state, and at the time: f =1/2 pi √ LC, the ratio of the current flowing through the capacitor C (or the current flowing through the inductor L) to the port input current I is the quality factor of the test loop: q = Ic0/I=ILOI, when Q>>When the circuit is close to the resonance state, the current flowing through the capacitor and the inductor is far larger than the input current of the port, the effective value of the current flowing through the capacitor and the inductor is related to the frequency, the maximum value of the current does not generally appear at the resonance frequency, and when the quality factor is higher, the difference between the maximum value of the current and the value at the resonance is small, so that a higher test voltage can be obtained by using a test transformer with lower capacity.
During operation, safety technology is carried out before the test is started, and the operation before the test is prepared: the method comprises the steps of completing installation of a test sleeve as required, observing whether the oil level of a main transformer is normal or not, observing whether the standing time exceeds 48 hours or not, deflating, adjusting a tap switch of the transformer to a 9B gear after the oil level of the main transformer is qualified, completely isolating the transformer from other equipment, performing insulation test on all devices, providing a transformer voltage-equalizing cap on the high-voltage side of the transformer, grounding the central point of the high-voltage side of the transformer, grounding the CT secondary circuit in a short circuit mode, directly grounding by using a special grounding wire, preparing a special test power supply, and finally connecting all experimental instruments in a wiring mode; then, the AC withstand voltage of the A phase is measured firstly, and then the AC withstand voltage is not more than U2The power supply is switched on at a voltage of/3, and then the voltage is raised to 1.1UmV. 3, holding for 5 min; after 5min, the voltage is increased to U2Keeping for 5 min; after 5min, the voltage is increased to U1The duration of which is performed as specified below: the test voltage waveform is as close to sine as possible, the test voltage value is the peak value of the measured voltage divided by √ 2, the test voltage value is monitored at a high-voltage end during the test, the frequency of the externally applied alternating voltage test voltage is 45-65 HZ, and the endurance time under the full voltage is 60 s; in the induction voltage test, in order to prevent the iron core from being saturated and the exciting current from being overlarge, the frequency of the test voltage is properly larger than the rated frequency; unless otherwise specified, when the test voltage frequency is equal to or less than 2 times the nominal frequencyAt the frequency, the test time under the full voltage is 60 s; when the test voltage frequency is more than 2 times of the rated frequency, the test time under the full voltage is as follows: 120 x nominal frequency/test frequency (sec), but not less than 15 sec; u shape1Immediately after the specified time, the voltage is continuously reduced to U2And is maintained for at least 60 min or 30min to measure partial discharge, and is maintained for 5min after the voltage is reduced to 1.1 Um/V3; after 5min, the voltage is reduced to U2When the voltage is lower than/3, cutting off the power supply, and measuring the AC voltage withstand conditions of the B phase and the C phase again in the same manner as the A phase; and after the test is finished, measuring the insulation resistance of the A-phase, B-phase and C-phase alternating current after voltage withstanding, finishing the test after all the measured data are qualified, removing all temporary connection wires after the test is finished, and cleaning the field.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and all simple modifications, equivalent variations and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention still fall within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A transformer induction voltage-withstanding partial discharge test method comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out safety technology background crossing before the test and preparing the work before the test: the method comprises the steps of completing installation of a test sleeve as required, observing whether the oil level of a main transformer is normal or not, observing whether the standing time exceeds 48 hours or not, deflating, adjusting a tap switch of the transformer to a 9B gear after the oil level of the main transformer is qualified, completely isolating the transformer from other equipment, performing insulation test on all devices, providing a transformer voltage-equalizing cap on the high-voltage side of the transformer, grounding the central point of the high-voltage side of the transformer, grounding the CT secondary circuit in a short circuit mode, directly grounding by using a special grounding wire, preparing a special test power supply, and finally connecting all experimental instruments in a wiring mode;
(2) the test was started: firstly, measuring the AC withstand voltage of A phase, firstly, measuring the AC withstand voltage of not more than U phase2The power supply is switched on at a voltage of/3, and then the voltage is raised to 1.1UmV. 3, holding for 5 min; after 5min, the voltage is increased to U2Keeping for 5 min; charging after 5minPressure rises to U1The duration of which is performed as specified below: the test voltage waveform is as close to sine as possible, the test voltage value is the peak value of the measured voltage divided by √ 2, the test voltage value is monitored at a high-voltage end during the test, the frequency of the externally applied alternating voltage test voltage is 45-65 HZ, and the endurance time under the full voltage is 60 s; in the induction voltage test, in order to prevent the iron core from being saturated and the exciting current from being overlarge, the frequency of the test voltage is properly larger than the rated frequency; unless otherwise specified, when the test voltage frequency is equal to or less than 2 times the rated frequency, the test time at full voltage is 60 s; when the test voltage frequency is more than 2 times of the rated frequency, the test time under the full voltage is as follows: 120 x nominal frequency/test frequency (sec), but not less than 15 sec; u shape1Immediately after the specified time, the voltage is continuously reduced to U2And maintained for at least 60 min (for Um ≧ 300 kV) or 30min (for Um < 300 kV) to measure partial discharge, and maintained for 5min after the voltage is reduced to 1.1Um/√ 3; after 5min, the voltage is reduced to U2When the voltage is below/3, the power supply is cut off;
(3) measuring the AC withstand voltage condition of the phase B in the same manner as the AC withstand voltage condition of the phase A;
(4) measuring the AC withstand voltage condition of the C phase in the same manner as the AC withstand voltage condition of the A phase;
(5) measuring the insulation resistance after the A-phase alternating current voltage withstanding, measuring the insulation resistance after the B-phase alternating current voltage withstanding and measuring the insulation resistance after the C-phase alternating current voltage withstanding, and finishing the test after all the measured data are qualified;
(6) and (5) removing all temporary connections and cleaning the field.
2. The transformer induction voltage-withstand partial discharge test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the Um is an effective value of the highest operating line voltage of the equipment, and the voltage to ground is as follows: u shape1=1.7Um/√3 、U2=1.5 Um/v 3 or 1.3 Um/v 3, divided by U1The remaining test durations are independent of the test frequency, except for the duration of (c).
3. The transformer induction voltage-withstand partial discharge test method according to claim 1, characterized in that:
① the amount of partial discharge should be monitored throughout the period of application of the test voltage;
② the background noise level should be measured on all measurement channels before and after the test voltage is applied;
③ rising to U at voltage2And is composed of U2During the fall, the possible partial discharge starting voltage and extinguishing voltage should be recorded, and the apparent charge amount of the partial discharge should be measured at 1.1 Um/v 3;
④ at voltage U2Should take and record a reading during the first phase of (a), and not specify its apparent charge value for that phase;
⑤ applying U1The apparent charge magnitude is not required to be given during the period;
⑥ at voltage U2Should be observed continuously throughout the second phase of (a), and recorded every 5 min.
4. The transformer induction voltage-withstand partial discharge test method according to claim 1, characterized in that: the discharge measurement test of the transformer induction voltage-withstanding partial discharge test is qualified and should meet the following regulations:
① the test voltage does not drop suddenly;
② at U2A continuous level of partial discharge amount during a long test at =1.5Um/√ 3 or 1.3Um/√ 3 is not more than 500pC or 300 pC;
③ at U2In the lower part, the partial discharge does not show a continuous increasing trend, and the occasional pulse with higher amplitude can not be counted;
④ at 1.1Um/√ 3, the continuous level of apparent charge is no greater than 100 pC.
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| CN111751682A (en) * | 2020-06-24 | 2020-10-09 | 国网黑龙江省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Pressurization method for on-site partial discharge measurement of overhauled transformer |
| CN111913080A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-11-10 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Partial discharge test method for GIL connection mode transformer |
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| CN111913080A (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2020-11-10 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Partial discharge test method for GIL connection mode transformer |
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Application publication date: 20200110 |