CN110672436B - Compression-shear testing machine - Google Patents
Compression-shear testing machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN110672436B CN110672436B CN201911118011.9A CN201911118011A CN110672436B CN 110672436 B CN110672436 B CN 110672436B CN 201911118011 A CN201911118011 A CN 201911118011A CN 110672436 B CN110672436 B CN 110672436B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0025—Shearing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/022—Environment of the test
- G01N2203/023—Pressure
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/025—Geometry of the test
- G01N2203/0254—Biaxial, the forces being applied along two normal axes of the specimen
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/02—Details not specific for a particular testing method
- G01N2203/06—Indicating or recording means; Sensing means
- G01N2203/067—Parameter measured for estimating the property
- G01N2203/0676—Force, weight, load, energy, speed or acceleration
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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- Pathology (AREA)
- Investigating Strength Of Materials By Application Of Mechanical Stress (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a compression-shear testing machine, which comprises a rack, a shear plate, a shear loading mechanism and a vertical loading mechanism, wherein the shear loading mechanism is used for applying horizontal loading force to the shear plate, the vertical loading mechanism is used for applying vertical loading force to the shear plate, the vertical loading mechanism comprises a corrugated pipe loader provided with an oil inlet, the corrugated pipe loader comprises a corrugated pipe which is vertically arranged, an inner cavity of the corrugated pipe is communicated with the oil inlet, a first end plate and a second end plate are respectively and fixedly sealed at two ends of the corrugated pipe, and the first end plate or the second end plate transmits the vertical loading force to the shear plate. The invention solves the problem that the sealing ring of the vertical loading cylinder is easily damaged by the horizontal side pressure during the shear test in the prior art.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a compression-shear testing machine for performing compression-shear tests on a bridge rubber support.
Background
The rubber bearing is a supporting component for supporting the weight of the container or equipment and fixing the container or equipment in a certain position, and is also used for bearing vibration and earthquake load during operation, and the rubber bearing is commonly used for supporting and damping a bridge.
According to corresponding requirements, a compression-shear testing machine is required to be used for testing the compression resistance, the shear resistance and the corner mechanics of the rubber support. The existing compression-shear testing machine comprises a base, a shear plate, a vertical loading mechanism and a shear loading mechanism, wherein the shear loading mechanism is used for applying horizontal force to the shear plate, the base is provided with a stand column, the upper end of the stand column is provided with a cross beam, the lower end of the stand column is provided with a lower bearing plate, the stand column is provided with an upper pressure plate in a guiding and moving mode, and the vertical loading mechanism comprises a vertical loading cylinder which is arranged between the cross beam and the upper pressure plate in a top matching mode. During the use, place two rubber support in respectively between shear plate and lower carrier plate and the top board, vertical loading cylinder passes through the top board and applies vertical loading power in order to simulate the bridge heavy to rubber support, and shear loading mechanism passes through the shear plate and applies the ascending shearing force of horizontal direction to rubber support. The prior shear testing machine has the following problems: when static shear test, the shear plate gives the ascending shearing force of a horizontal direction of rubber support, rubber support also can give the shearing force of a horizontal direction of top board naturally, because there is certain direction fit tolerance between top board and the stand, the top board also can give the effort of a horizontal direction of vertical loading jar, can produce the skew effort between the piston of inevitable vertical loading jar and the cylinder body, this effort can cause the unilateral of the sealing washer between piston and the cylinder body to seriously pressurized, the very short of life of sealing washer, vertical loading jar often needs the maintenance to carry out the change of sealing washer, seriously influence the work efficiency of press shear test. In addition, in this technique, the shearing force detection of a single rubber mount cannot be realized, and only the shearing force of two rubber mounts can be detected simultaneously and then divided by 2 to obtain the approximate shearing force of each rubber mount, and the shearing force measurement of the rubber mounts is not particularly accurate.
In order to accurately measure the shearing force of a single rubber support, for example, chinese patent CN109752242A discloses a "pressure shear test device", which includes a device frame, a shear plate, a shear loading mechanism for applying horizontal force in the left-right direction to the shear plate, and a vertical loading mechanism for applying vertical acting force to the shear plate. The vertical loading mechanism comprises a vertical loading cylinder which is hinged and connected with the device frame through a hinge structure, a loading plate is arranged at the power output end of the vertical loading cylinder, the loading plate is provided with a loading plate shearing surface which is arranged opposite to the shearing plate, a support placing space for placing a rubber support is formed between the loading plate shearing surface and the shearing plate, a force measuring sensor is arranged between the loading plate and the device frame, and the radius of the hinge shaft is smaller than the vertical distance between the axis of the hinge shaft and the shearing surface of the loading plate.
When the shear test is carried out on the rubber support, the vertical loading cylinder applies vertical loading force to the rubber support through the loading plate so as to simulate bridge weight, the shear loading mechanism applies horizontal shear force to the rubber support through the shear plate, and the shear force is required to reach a certain value according to the test requirement, so that the measurement of the shear force is particularly important. The shearing force is measured through the force transducer in the prior art, the main factor influencing the measurement accuracy is the stray force of other positions, in the prior art, the stray force is mainly the rotating friction force of the hinged structure, in order to reduce the friction force, the vertical distance between the hinge axis of the hinged structure and the shearing surface of the loading plate is the height of the vertical loading cylinder, the arrangement of the hinged structure not only makes the structure of the whole vertical loading mechanism complex, but also increases the height of the vertical loading cylinder for reducing the friction force, so that the height of the whole machine is higher, and the height and the diameter of the vertical loading cylinder are in proportion, while the height is increased, the diameter is also increased, and the cost of the vertical loading cylinder can be greatly increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a compression-shear testing machine to solve the problem that a sealing ring of a vertical loading cylinder is easily damaged by horizontal side pressure during a shear test in the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a compression shear testing machine, includes frame and shear plate, still including be used for to shear plate exerts the shearing loading mechanism of horizontal loading power and be used for to vertical loading mechanism of vertical loading power is applyed to the shear plate, vertical loading mechanism is including the bellows loader that is provided with the oil inlet, and the bellows loader includes vertical arrangement's bellows, the bellows the inner chamber with the oil inlet communicates with each other, and the both ends of bellows are sealed respectively to be fixed with first end plate and second end plate, first end plate or second end plate to shear plate transmission vertical loading power.
The shear plate is provided with a shear plate shear surface used for placing the corresponding rubber support in a contact mode, the second end plate is provided with an end plate shear surface arranged in parallel with the shear plate shear surface, and a force measuring sensor is arranged between the second end plate and the rack.
The oil inlet is arranged on the first end plate.
One end of the force measuring sensor is hinged with the frame, and the other end of the force measuring sensor is hinged with the second end plate.
The second end plate comprises a transverse section and a vertical section arranged at one end of the transverse section, the shear surface of the end plate is arranged on the transverse section, the force measuring sensor is connected with the vertical section, the force measuring sensor is horizontally arranged, and the axis of the force measuring sensor is consistent with the height of the shear surface of the shear plate.
The frame includes the base, sets up stand on the base and sets up the crossbeam on the stand, and the bellows loader has two, one of them bellows loader set up in on the crossbeam for vertical loading power is exerted to the rubber support of shear plate upside, another bellows loader set up in on the base, be used for exerting vertical loading power to the rubber support of shear plate downside.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the vertical loading mechanism is used, a vertical loading force is applied to the shearing plate and the rubber support to be tested by the vertical loading mechanism, a horizontal shearing force is applied to the rubber support by the shearing plate by the shearing loading mechanism, oil is pumped into the inner cavity of the corrugated pipe through the oil inlet when the vertical loading mechanism is loaded, the corrugated pipe extends vertically under the action of oil pressure to apply a vertical loading force to the shearing plate, and when the corrugated pipe is subjected to a horizontal acting force, the corrugated pipe adapts to the acting force through horizontal deformation, so that the problem that a sealing ring between a piston and a cylinder body in the prior art is easily damaged due to the horizontal side pressure is solved.
Furthermore, a force measuring sensor is arranged between the second end plate and the frame to measure the shearing force applied to the corresponding rubber support, the force measuring sensor also plays a role in limiting the horizontal deformation amplitude of the corrugated pipe, the stress analysis of the second end plate in the horizontal direction is carried out, the shearing force of the rubber support to the second end plate (the shearing force of the shearing plate on the rubber support is the same as the shearing force in the same direction), the acting force of the force cell to the second end plate and the acting force of the horizontal deformation of the corrugated pipe to the second end plate are the same, by utilizing the characteristics of the corrugated pipe, the transverse horizontal deformation acting force of the corrugated pipe is small and can be ignored, therefore, the force value of the force measuring sensor is the shearing force applied to the rubber support, the shearing force of the rubber support is measured more simply by using the corrugated pipe loader, and meanwhile, the vertical height and the cost of the whole machine cannot be increased.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of a compression shear tester is shown in fig. 1: the shearing device comprises a shearing plate 2, a frame, a vertical loading mechanism and a shearing loading mechanism, wherein the shearing loading mechanism (not shown in the figure) is used for applying left and right shearing forces in the horizontal direction to the shearing plate 2, and the shearing loading mechanism belongs to the prior art and is not described in detail herein.
The frame includes base 17, set up stand 16 on base 17 and set up in crossbeam 14 of stand upper end, the crossbeam can reciprocate to go up and down, vertical loading mechanism includes two bellows loader 10 of arranging from top to bottom, each bellows loader 10 all includes vertical arrangement's bellows 8, the both ends of bellows 8 are sealed respectively and are fixed with first end plate 7 and second end plate 4, the bellows in this embodiment is corrugated metal pipe, first end plate 7, second end plate 4 are fixed in the both ends of bellows through welded seal. The first end plate 7 is a fixed end plate, the second end plate 4 is a movable end plate, the first end plate 7 of the bellows loader on the upper side is fixed on the cross beam, and the first end plate 7 of the bellows loader on the lower side is fixed on the base. An oil inlet 6 and an oil return opening 5 are arranged on the first end plate, and an inner cavity of the corrugated pipe is communicated with the oil inlet and the oil return opening.
The upper plate surface and the lower plate surface of the shear plate 2 are shear plate shear surfaces which are horizontally arranged, the second end plate is provided with an end plate shear surface 18 which is arranged in parallel with the shear plate shear surface, and during use, a rubber support to be tested can be placed between the shear plate shear surface and the end plate shear surface. In this embodiment, the second end plate includes horizontal segment 9 and the vertical section 11 of locating the horizontal segment left end, it is continuous with the right-hand member of shear plate to cut the loading mechanism, end plate shear plane 18 sets up on the horizontal segment, be provided with force cell sensor 15 between the vertical section of second end plate and the stand of frame, force cell sensor is traditional S type force cell sensor, its one end links to each other with the stand of frame is articulated, the other end links to each other with the vertical section of second end plate is articulated, simultaneously, force cell sensor' S axis is unanimous with the corresponding shear plate shear plane height of shear plate. The vertical section comprises a fixed part 12 which is integrated with the horizontal section and a movable part 13 which is assembled on the fixed part in a guiding and moving way along the up-down direction, the movable part 13 is in a sleeve-shaped structure, a load cell 15 is hinged with the movable part, and a jacking screw 19 with an axis extending along the left-right direction is assembled on the movable part through threads.
The compression shear tester of the present invention is used as follows: placing a rubber support 1 on the lower side on a second end plate of a bellows loader on the lower side, then placing a shear plate 2 on a rubber support on the lower side, placing a rubber support 3 on the upper side on the shear plate, loosening a jacking screw 19, adjusting the relative position of two second end plates by pumping oil into a bellows of a corresponding bellows loader, wherein a fixed part of a vertical section moves up and down relative to a movable part in the process, so that the rubber support on the upper side is in contact with the second end plate of the bellows loader on the upper side, simultaneously, the shear plane of the shear plate is consistent with the height of the axis of a corresponding force sensor, then screwing the jacking screw, continuously pumping oil into the bellows of the bellows loader, applying a vertical loading force to the corresponding rubber support through the second end plate by the bellows loader, and applying a horizontal loading force towards the right direction to the shear plate by a shear loading mechanism, thereby realizing the static shear test of the rubber support. The second end plate is subjected to horizontal direction stress analysis, the second end plate is subjected to a horizontal acting force towards the right direction exerted by the rubber support, the horizontal acting force is the same as the shearing force of the shearing plate exerted by the rubber support, the direction of the horizontal acting force is the same, the second end plate is subjected to a left direction pulling force of the force cell, the displacement range of the force cell is 0.2mm-0.5mm, therefore, one end of the corrugated pipe connected with the second end plate can generate a right 0.2mm-0.5mm transverse displacement, the corrugated pipe exerts a left direction acting force on the second end plate, but due to the transverse deformation characteristic of the corrugated pipe, the force generated when the corrugated pipe transversely deforms can be ignored, and the force value measured by the force cell is the shearing force exerted by the rubber support.
The measurement of the shearing force of the rubber support is realized through the matching of the corrugated pipe loader and the force measuring sensor, the structure is simple, the stray force is reduced by increasing the height of the vertical loading cylinder without the need of the prior art, so the height of the whole machine can be lower, and the reduction of the occupied space of equipment and the reduction of the manufacturing cost of the equipment are facilitated; meanwhile, the transverse deformation characteristic of the corrugated pipe also avoids the problem that the sealing ring is pressed on one side when a hydraulic cylinder is used as a vertical loading force source in the prior art, the service life of the corrugated pipe loader is longer, the problem is not easy to occur, and the test efficiency of the compression-shear test machine is not easy to influence.
In other embodiments of the invention: the oil inlet and the oil return port can also be arranged on the first end plate or the corrugated pipe; the compression shear testing machine can also be a single shear testing machine, namely, the compression shear testing can be carried out on one rubber support at a time, the bellows loader on the lower side can be omitted, and the bottom of the shear plate can be assembled on the base through the bearing in a left-right direction in a guiding and moving mode.
Claims (4)
1. The utility model provides a compression shear testing machine, includes frame and shear plate, still including be used for to shear plate exerts horizontal loading force shear loading mechanism and be used for to the shear plate exerts vertical loading force's vertical loading mechanism, its characterized in that: the vertical loading mechanism comprises a corrugated pipe loader provided with an oil inlet, the corrugated pipe loader comprises a corrugated pipe which is vertically arranged, an inner cavity of the corrugated pipe is communicated with the oil inlet, a first end plate and a second end plate are respectively fixed at two ends of the corrugated pipe in a sealing mode, the first end plate or the second end plate transmits vertical loading force to the shear plate, the shear plate is provided with a shear plate shear surface used for being placed in contact with a corresponding rubber support, the second end plate is provided with an end plate shear surface arranged in parallel with the shear plate shear surface, a force measuring sensor is arranged between the second end plate and the rack, and the oil inlet is arranged on the first end plate.
2. The compression-shear test machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: one end of the force measuring sensor is hinged with the frame, and the other end of the force measuring sensor is hinged with the second end plate.
3. The compression-shear test machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the second end plate comprises a transverse section and a vertical section arranged at one end of the transverse section, the shear surface of the end plate is arranged on the transverse section, the force measuring sensor is connected with the vertical section, the force measuring sensor is horizontally arranged, and the axis of the force measuring sensor is consistent with the height of the shear surface of the shear plate.
4. The compression-shear test machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: the frame includes the base, sets up stand on the base and sets up the crossbeam on the stand, and the bellows loader has two, one of them bellows loader set up in on the crossbeam for vertical loading power is exerted to the rubber support of shear plate upside, another bellows loader set up in on the base, be used for exerting vertical loading power to the rubber support of shear plate downside.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2019107340990 | 2019-08-09 | ||
| CN201910734099 | 2019-08-09 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110672436A CN110672436A (en) | 2020-01-10 |
| CN110672436B true CN110672436B (en) | 2020-11-10 |
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| CN201911118011.9A Active CN110672436B (en) | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-15 | Compression-shear testing machine |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111272583B (en) * | 2020-03-31 | 2023-05-23 | 河南牛帕力学工程研究院 | Pressure shear testing machine |
| CN114112630B (en) * | 2021-11-17 | 2023-09-15 | 中船双瑞(洛阳)特种装备股份有限公司 | Test device and method for measuring horizontal performance of rubber support in vertical loading mode |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11132927A (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 1999-05-21 | Taisei Corp | In-plane shear test device/method for wooden bearing wall |
| US6003382A (en) * | 1997-06-25 | 1999-12-21 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Computer control shear cell tester |
| JP2004340715A (en) * | 2003-05-15 | 2004-12-02 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | In-plane shearing testing method for rubbery elastic laminate and in-plane shearing test equipment |
| CN104007025A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-08-27 | 河海大学 | Multifunctional tilt table device used for testing interfacial shear strength characteristics of geotechnical synthetic material |
| CN108362577A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-08-03 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of original position direct shear apparatus and its detection method |
| CN207832593U (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-09-07 | 北京建筑大学 | A kind of compression shear test device of shock isolating pedestal |
| CN109752242A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-14 | 河南交通职业技术学院 | A kind of compression shear test device |
| CN210982079U (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2020-07-10 | 河南交院工程技术有限公司 | Compression-shear testing machine |
-
2019
- 2019-11-15 CN CN201911118011.9A patent/CN110672436B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6003382A (en) * | 1997-06-25 | 1999-12-21 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Computer control shear cell tester |
| JPH11132927A (en) * | 1997-10-31 | 1999-05-21 | Taisei Corp | In-plane shear test device/method for wooden bearing wall |
| JP2004340715A (en) * | 2003-05-15 | 2004-12-02 | Yokohama Rubber Co Ltd:The | In-plane shearing testing method for rubbery elastic laminate and in-plane shearing test equipment |
| CN104007025A (en) * | 2014-05-08 | 2014-08-27 | 河海大学 | Multifunctional tilt table device used for testing interfacial shear strength characteristics of geotechnical synthetic material |
| CN108362577A (en) * | 2018-01-26 | 2018-08-03 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of original position direct shear apparatus and its detection method |
| CN207832593U (en) * | 2018-02-13 | 2018-09-07 | 北京建筑大学 | A kind of compression shear test device of shock isolating pedestal |
| CN109752242A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-05-14 | 河南交通职业技术学院 | A kind of compression shear test device |
| CN210982079U (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2020-07-10 | 河南交院工程技术有限公司 | Compression-shear testing machine |
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