CN110672394A - Sample preparation device and method suitable for different cohesive soils - Google Patents
Sample preparation device and method suitable for different cohesive soils Download PDFInfo
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- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
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Abstract
The invention discloses a sample preparation device and a sample preparation method suitable for different cohesive soils, wherein the sample preparation device comprises a hammer hitting plate, a guide rod, a pile casing, a compaction hitting plate, an upper bottom plate, an ejector rod, an upper top plate, a stabilizing frame, a clamp, a compaction hitting cylinder, a lower bottom plate and a manual rotating handle; the compaction cylinder is fixed by a hoop and assembled with the lower bottom plate by a stabilizing frame, the upper bottom plate is placed in the compaction cylinder to enable the compaction cylinder and the upper bottom plate to be tightly connected, and then the pile casing is matched and connected with a cylinder at the upper part of the compaction cylinder to form a compaction cylinder test device; the guide rod penetrates through the central guide hole of the upper top plate, one end of the guide rod is connected with the compaction plate, the other end of the guide rod is connected with the hammer plate, and a sample impact test device is formed after connection; the ejector pin is connected with the manual turning handle to form a sample unloading test device. The invention effectively solves the problems that the height of the soil sample is difficult to control, the soil sample particles are lost in the compaction process, and the formed compaction surface has an inclination angle and is damaged by sample unloading, and has simple structure and convenient use, and the prepared soil sample meets the test requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, relates to geotechnical tests, and particularly relates to a sample preparation device and method suitable for different cohesive soils.
Background
In the practical application of geotechnical engineering, original soil is not easy to obtain on site, so that the aim of obtaining physical and mechanical property test parameters of soil is fulfilled to a certain extent by depending on indoor preparation of remolded soil. In geotechnical testing, many of the test parameters are determined using laboratory preparation processes and related test equipment under modern laboratory specifications, and remolded soil sample preparation plays a critical role in geotechnical testing. According to relevant geotechnical test regulations, the conventional remolded soil sample preparation method comprises a sample beating method and a compaction method, and the sample beating method is widely applied to indoor test soil sample preparation due to short sample preparation period and convenient operation.
The sample hitting method is that the mass of the wet soil is calculated according to the volume of the sample hitting device and the required dry density, the wet soil is guided into the sample preparation cylinder, and the soil is compacted into a sample in one layer or in layers. In the prior art, the sample-hitting method has the following main problems and disadvantages in the sample preparation process: in the layered sample hitting process, the height of the hit solid soil sample is mainly determined by the experience of multiple tests, the hit solid height cannot be known in real time, and the height of each layer of soil sample is difficult to control strictly, so that the dry density of the soil sample has a certain difference with a preset ideal value; the diameter of the compacting plate is smaller than the inner diameter of the compacting barrel, so that soil particles are easy to splash out of the barrel when being impacted by a hammer in the sample-impacting process; the guide rod is difficult to ensure to be absolutely vertical by naked eye observation in the test process, so that a formed compaction surface has a certain inclination angle; the sample unloading process can lead to part of the soil sample to be remained on the wall of the compaction cylinder due to higher viscosity of the soil sample when the soil sample is directly taken down, and the prepared soil sample is damaged.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems and the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a sample preparation device and a sample preparation method suitable for different cohesive soils, which effectively solve the problems that the height of a soil sample is difficult to control, soil sample particles are lost in the compaction process, and a sample is damaged due to the inclination angle of a formed compaction surface and sample unloading.
Therefore, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a sample preparation device suitable for different cohesive soils comprises a hammer plate, a guide rod, a protective cylinder, a compaction plate, an upper bottom plate, an ejector rod, an upper top plate, a stabilizing frame, a clamp, a compaction cylinder, a lower bottom plate and a manual rotating handle; the compaction cylinder is fixed by a hoop and assembled with the lower bottom plate by a stabilizing frame, the upper bottom plate is placed in the compaction cylinder to enable the compaction cylinder and the upper bottom plate to be tightly connected, and then the pile casing is matched and connected with a cylinder at the upper part of the compaction cylinder to form a compaction cylinder test device; the guide rod penetrates through a central guide hole of the upper top plate, the guide rod at the end with the smaller diameter of the upper top plate is connected with the compaction plate, the guide rod at the end with the larger diameter of the upper top plate is connected with the hammering plate, and a sample impact test device is formed after the connection; the upper end of the ejector rod penetrates through the lower bottom plate and then pushes against the center of the upper bottom plate, and the lower end of the ejector rod is connected with the manual rotating handle to form the sample unloading test device.
Preferably, the center of the hammer striking plate is provided with a first threaded hole, the center of the striking plate is provided with a second threaded hole, the upper end and the lower end of the guide rod are respectively provided with a first thread and a second thread which are matched with the first threaded hole and the second threaded hole, and the middle of the guide rod is provided with scale marks.
Preferably, the top of the ejector rod is hemispherical, and the rest part of the ejector rod is provided with a third thread; a hemispherical recess is formed in the center of the upper bottom plate and is matched with the top of the ejector rod; a third threaded hole is formed in the center of the lower bottom plate and matched with the third thread; and a fourth threaded hole connected with the ejector rod is formed in the center of the manual rotating handle.
Preferably, the compaction cylinder adopts a cylinder structure formed by three equal-part cylinder sheets.
Preferably, a manual hammer is further included for manually striking the hammer plate.
Preferably, the manual hammer is of a cylindrical structure, and a hemisphere is arranged on the opposite side of the middle face of the cylinder, so that manual compaction is facilitated.
A sample preparation method suitable for different cohesive soils comprises the following steps:
connecting and assembling a test device, wherein the test device adopts the sample preparation device suitable for different cohesive soils;
step two, preparing a sample by adopting a test device;
and step three, unloading the sample after the sample preparation is finished.
Preferably, in step two, the sample preparation process is as follows:
2.1, after the device is connected, placing the mounted compaction cylinder test device on a horizontal desktop, and pouring a remolded soil sample into the compaction cylinder (10);
2.2, vertically placing the connected sample impacting test device into an impacting cylinder (10), and tightly connecting an upper top plate (7) with a protective cylinder (3) to seal the interior of the cylinder when an impacting plate (4) is in flat contact with a soil sample;
2.3, the guide rod connecting body can only move in the vertical direction at the moment, so that the relative stability of the guide rod is ensured, and the formed compaction surface is relatively flat;
2.4, the height of the soil sample is controlled by striking the hammer plate (1) through the manual hammer (13), and scale marks (2-3) on the guide rod (2) can be observed on the upper surface of the upper top plate (7), so that the striking height of the soil sample can be conveniently known in real time;
2.5, the sample hitting test device can be taken down together only by separating the upper top plate (7) and the protective cylinder (3) after sample hitting is completed each time, and the steps (1) to (4) are repeated for testing until the remolded soil sample is hit.
Preferably, in step three, the sample unloading process is as follows:
3.1, after the remolded soil sample is compacted, taking out the sample, taking down the sample-impacting test device, and connecting one end of the sample-unloading test device with a lower bottom plate (11);
3.2, rotating the manual rotating handle (12) to enable one end of the ejector rod (6) to just contact the upper bottom plate (5), slowly rotating the manual rotating handle (12), and pushing the ejector rod (6) to push the upper bottom plate (5) to move upwards for a short distance;
and 3.1, taking down the sample unloading test device, and taking out the compacted soil sample according to normal operation.
Preferably, the prepared soil samples include non-viscous remolded soil samples and viscous remolded soil samples.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the upper top plate is tightly connected with the protective cylinder, so that the soil sample is in a closed state in the sample hitting process, and the splashing loss of soil sample particles is prevented.
(2) The guide rod penetrates through the upper top plate to be connected with the sample hitting plate, so that the guide rod can be in an absolute vertical state, and a hit surface formed by sample hitting is smooth.
(3) The hammer striking plate is connected with the guide rod, so that the force acting on the hammer striking plate can be transmitted to the striking plate through the guide rod, and the disturbance of the rebound effect on the soil sample is reduced.
(4) The guide rod is provided with scale marks, so that the compaction height of the soil sample can be observed in real time, and the height of each layer of the soil sample is ensured to meet the test requirements.
(5) When unloading the appearance, the ejector pin is connected with lower plate, withstands upper plate rebound segment displacement, guarantees that the soil sample can not glue on hitting the solid section of thick bamboo wall.
(6) Simple structure, convenient to use, the soil sample of preparation satisfies experimental requirement.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front view of a sample preparation device suitable for different cohesive soils.
Fig. 2 is a schematic top view of a sample preparation device suitable for different types of cohesive soil according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the hammer plate.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the upper top plate.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the construction of the striking plate.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the upper plate.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the lower plate.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the manual stem.
Fig. 9 is a schematic view of the structure of the guide bar.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of the jack.
Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the structure of the manual hammer.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a hammer plate; 2. a guide bar; 3. protecting the cylinder; 4. compacting the plate; 5. an upper base plate; 6. a top rod; 7. an upper top plate; 8. a stabilizing frame; 9. clamping a hoop; 10. a compaction cylinder; 11. a lower base plate; 12. a manual handle; 13. a manual hammer; 1-1, a first threaded hole; 2-1, a first thread; 2-2, a second thread; 2-3, scale marks; 4-1, a second threaded hole; 5-1, a first hemisphere; 6-1, third thread; 7-1, a central guide hole; 11-1 and a third threaded hole; 12-1, a fourth threaded hole; 13-1 and a second hemisphere.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, which are provided for illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the invention discloses a sample preparation device and method suitable for different cohesive soils, which are mainly realized by the following technical scheme:
1. materials selected for the test device:
common steel material, thickness d 2 mm.
2. Dimensional specification of test apparatus
Hammer plate 1: r is 12 mm; (a first threaded hole 1-1 is formed in the middle of the lower surface);
an upper top plate 7: r22 mm (upper), R19.5 mm (lower); (formed by connecting parts 2, and a central guide hole 7-1 is arranged in the middle of the parts);
the striking plate 4: r is 19 mm; (a second threaded hole 4-1 is formed in the middle of the upper surface);
and (3) a guide rod 2: l is 140mm, and the diameter d is 4 mm; (the upper end and the lower end of the main body of the guide rod 2 are respectively provided with a first thread 2-1 and a second thread 2-2 which are matched with the first threaded hole 1-1 and the second threaded hole 4-1, the middle section is provided with scale marks 2-3, and the precision of the scale marks 2-3 is 1 mm);
a pile casing 3: r is 19.55mm, and the thickness d is 2 mm;
the compaction cylinder 10 includes trisection type cylinder pieces: r is 19.55mm, and the thickness d is 2 mm;
and (3) clamping hoop 9: r is 21mm, and the thickness d is 2 mm;
three-point stabilizing support 8: a solid steel pipe with the diameter of 2mm can be connected with the lower bottom plate 11;
the upper bottom plate 5: r is 19.5 mm; (a first hemisphere 5-1 with the diameter of 5mm is dug out of the center of the surface);
lower base plate 11: r is 26 mm; (a third threaded hole 11-1 is formed in the middle);
and (3) a mandril 6: l is 40mm, and the diameter d is 4 mm; (one end is a hemisphere with the diameter of 4mm, and the main body of the ejector rod 6 is provided with a third thread 6-1 matched with the third threaded hole 11-1);
manual handle 12: r is 25 mm; (a fourth threaded hole 12-1 for connecting the third thread 6-1 is provided);
manual hammer 13: r is 15 mm; (a second hemisphere 13-1 with the diameter of 5mm is arranged on the opposite side of the middle surface of the cylinder and is used for facilitating manual compaction);
all the threaded holes are as follows: r is 2 mm;
center guide hole: r is 2.2 mm.
3. Principle of operation
Connect equipment test device:
(1) the trisection type cylinder sheet is fixed by a hoop 9, assembled with a lower bottom plate 11 by a three-point stable bracket 8, the upper bottom plate 5 is placed into a cylinder of a compaction cylinder 10 to be tightly connected, and then the pile casing 3 is matched and connected with the cylinder at the upper part of the compaction cylinder 10 to form a compaction cylinder test device;
(2) the guide rod 2 penetrates through a central guide hole 7-1 of the upper top plate 7, the guide rod at the end with the smaller diameter of the upper top plate 7 is connected with the compaction plate 4, the guide rod at the end with the larger diameter of the upper top plate 7 is connected with the hammer plate 1, and a sample impact test device is formed after connection;
(3) the mandril 6 is connected with the manual rotating handle 12 to form a sample unloading test device.
A sample preparation process:
(1) after the device is connected, the mounted compaction cylinder test device is placed on a horizontal desktop, and a remolded soil sample is poured into the compaction cylinder 10;
(2) vertically placing the connected sample impacting test device (with the compacting plate 4 at the lower part and the hammer plate 1 at the upper part) into the barrel, and tightly connecting the upper top plate 7 and the protective barrel 3 to seal the interior of the barrel when the compacting plate 4 is in flat contact with a soil sample;
(3) at the moment, the connecting body of the guide rod 2 can only move in the vertical direction, so that the relative stability of the guide rod 2 is ensured, and the formed compaction surface is relatively flat;
(4) the tester controls the height of the soil sample by manually striking the hammer plate 1 by the hammer 13, and clear scale lines 2-3 on the guide rod 2 can be observed on the upper surface of the upper top plate 11, so that the tester can conveniently know the striking height of the soil sample in real time;
(5) and (3) after each sample hitting, the sample hitting test device can be taken down together only by separating the upper top plate 5 from the protective cylinder 3, and the steps (1) to (4) are repeated for testing until the remolded soil sample is hit.
And (3) unloading:
(1) after the remolded soil sample is compacted, taking out the sample, taking down the sample compacting test device, and connecting one end of the sample unloading test device with the lower bottom plate 11;
(2) rotating the manual rotating handle 12 to enable one end (4mm hemisphere) of the ejector rod 6 to just contact the upper bottom plate 5 (hemisphere with the diameter of 5 mm), slowly rotating the manual rotating handle 12 to push the ejector rod 6 to push the upper bottom plate 5 to move upwards for a short distance;
(3) and taking down the sample unloading test device, and taking out the compacted soil sample according to normal operation.
4. Preparation method
(1) Preparing the non-viscous remolded soil sample according to a working principle (sample preparation process) in the sample preparation process; and after the soil sample is prepared, taking down the sample hitting test device, separating the three-point stable support 8 from the compaction cylinder 10, then detaching the clamp 9, and slowly taking out the trisection type cylinder piece to finish the preparation.
(2) Preparing the viscous remolded soil sample according to a working principle (sample preparation process) in the sample preparation process; after the soil sample system appearance finishes, take off and hit a kind test device, will unload a kind test device one end and be connected with lower plate 11, rotate manual turning handle 12 and make 6 one end of ejector pin (4mm is hemispherical) contact upper plate 5 (the diameter is 5 mm's hemisphere) just, slowly rotate manual turning handle 12, promote ejector pin 6 and push up upper plate 5 and take off again and unload a kind test device after moving a segment distance upward, prepare promptly according to the sampling process that non-stickness remolded the soil sample again and finish.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be covered thereby.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a system appearance device suitable for different stickness soil, includes hits hammer block (1), guide arm (2), protects a section of thick bamboo (3), hits solid board (4), upper plate (5), ejector pin (6), goes up roof (7), steady rest (8), clamp (9), hits solid a section of thick bamboo (10), lower plate (11) and manual turning handle (12), its characterized in that: the compaction cylinder (10) is fixed by a hoop (9), assembled with a lower bottom plate (11) by a stabilizing frame (8), the upper bottom plate (5) is placed into the compaction cylinder (10) to be tightly connected, and then the pile casing (3) is matched and connected with a cylinder at the upper part of the compaction cylinder (10) to form a compaction cylinder test device; the guide rod (2) penetrates through a central guide hole (7-1) of the upper top plate (7), the guide rod at the end, with the smaller diameter, of the upper top plate (7) is connected with the compacting plate (4), the guide rod at the end, with the larger diameter, of the upper top plate (7) is connected with the hammer plate (1), and a sample impacting test device is formed after connection; the upper end of the ejector rod (6) penetrates through the lower bottom plate (11) and then is ejected to the center of the upper bottom plate (5), and the lower end of the ejector rod (6) is connected with the manual rotating handle (12) to form the sample unloading test device.
2. A sample preparation device suitable for different cohesive soils according to claim 1, wherein: the center of the hammer striking plate (1) is provided with a first threaded hole (1-1), the center of the striking plate (4) is provided with a second threaded hole (4-1), the upper end and the lower end of the guide rod (2) are respectively provided with a first thread (2-1) and a second thread (2-2) which are matched with the first threaded hole (1-1) and the second threaded hole (4-1), and the middle of the guide rod (2) is provided with a scale mark (2-3).
3. A sample preparation device suitable for different cohesive soils according to claim 1, wherein: the top of the ejector rod (6) is hemispherical, and the rest part of the ejector rod is provided with a third thread (6-1); a hemispherical recess is formed in the center of the upper bottom plate (5) and is matched with the top of the ejector rod (6); a third threaded hole (11-1) is formed in the center of the lower bottom plate (11) and is matched with the third thread (6-1); the center of the manual rotating handle (12) is provided with a fourth threaded hole (12-1) connected with the ejector rod (6).
4. A sample preparation device suitable for different cohesive soils according to claim 1, wherein: the compaction cylinder (10) adopts a cylinder structure formed by three equal-part cylinder sheets in a surrounding way.
5. A sample preparation device suitable for different cohesive soils according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the hammer also comprises a manual hammer (13) for manually striking the hammer plate (1).
6. A sample preparation device suitable for different cohesive soils according to claim 5, wherein: the manual hammer (13) is of a cylindrical structure, and a hemisphere is arranged on the opposite side of the middle face of the cylinder, so that manual compaction is facilitated.
7. A sample preparation method suitable for different cohesive soils is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one, connecting and assembling a test device, wherein the test device adopts a sample preparation device suitable for different cohesive soils according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
step two, preparing a sample by adopting a test device;
and step three, unloading the sample after the sample preparation is finished.
8. A sample preparation method suitable for different cohesive soils according to claim 7, wherein the sample preparation method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the sample preparation process is as follows:
2.1, after the device is connected, placing the mounted compaction cylinder test device on a horizontal desktop, and pouring a remolded soil sample into the compaction cylinder (10);
2.2, vertically placing the connected sample impacting test device into an impacting cylinder (10), and tightly connecting an upper top plate (7) with a protective cylinder (3) to seal the interior of the cylinder when an impacting plate (4) is in flat contact with a soil sample;
2.3, the guide rod connecting body can only move in the vertical direction at the moment, so that the relative stability of the guide rod is ensured, and the formed compaction surface is relatively flat;
2.4, the height of the soil sample is controlled by striking the hammer plate (1) through the manual hammer (13), and scale marks (2-3) on the guide rod (2) can be observed on the upper surface of the upper top plate (7), so that the striking height of the soil sample can be conveniently known in real time;
2.5, the sample hitting test device can be taken down together only by separating the upper top plate (7) and the protective cylinder (3) after sample hitting is completed each time, and the steps (1) to (4) are repeated for testing until the remolded soil sample is hit.
9. A sample preparation method suitable for different cohesive soils according to claim 7, wherein the sample preparation method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the sample unloading process is as follows:
3.1, after the remolded soil sample is compacted, taking out the sample, taking down the sample-impacting test device, and connecting one end of the sample-unloading test device with a lower bottom plate (11);
3.2, rotating the manual rotating handle (12) to enable one end of the ejector rod (6) to just contact the upper bottom plate (5), slowly rotating the manual rotating handle (12), and pushing the ejector rod (6) to push the upper bottom plate (5) to move upwards for a short distance;
and 3.1, taking down the sample unloading test device, and taking out the compacted soil sample according to normal operation.
10. A sample preparation method suitable for different cohesive soils according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein: the prepared soil samples comprise non-viscous remolded soil samples and viscous remolded soil samples.
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| CN201911055192.5A CN110672394A (en) | 2019-10-31 | 2019-10-31 | Sample preparation device and method suitable for different cohesive soils |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111238898A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-05 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Preparation method of inclined layered soil sample |
| CN111562152A (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2020-08-21 | 河北建筑工程学院 | Integrated soil body module manufacturing device |
| CN113532994A (en) * | 2021-07-22 | 2021-10-22 | 济南大学 | Method for installing annular compaction device and preparing and disassembling soil sample |
| CN115683770A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-02-03 | 大连理工大学 | Deformation-controllable automatic compaction device for triaxial sample preparation and use method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111238898A (en) * | 2020-02-21 | 2020-06-05 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Preparation method of inclined layered soil sample |
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| CN115683770A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-02-03 | 大连理工大学 | Deformation-controllable automatic compaction device for triaxial sample preparation and use method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200110 |