CN110668900B - Preparation method of compost balls for dredging black and odorous bottom mud in river, lake and reservoir - Google Patents
Preparation method of compost balls for dredging black and odorous bottom mud in river, lake and reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- CN110668900B CN110668900B CN201911033683.XA CN201911033683A CN110668900B CN 110668900 B CN110668900 B CN 110668900B CN 201911033683 A CN201911033683 A CN 201911033683A CN 110668900 B CN110668900 B CN 110668900B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C3/00—Fertilisers containing other salts of ammonia or ammonia itself, e.g. gas liquor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/20—Fertilizers of biological origin, e.g. guano or fertilizers made from animal corpses
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of black and odorous bottom sediment compost balls for dredging a river, a lake and a reservoir, which comprises the following steps: step S1, slurrying the black and odorous bottom mud dredged from the river and lake reservoir to obtain homogenized sludge; step S2: adding ammonium bicarbonate into the homogenized sludge to obtain secondary coated sludge; step S3, adding a molding agent into the homogenate sludge to mold into a circle to obtain a first sphere; step S4, adding a molding agent into the secondary coated sludge, coating the secondary coated sludge on the first sphere for secondary molding, and heating the secondary coated sludge after molding to obtain a second sphere; and step S5, condensing the second spheres to obtain the compost spheres of the dredged black and odorous bottom mud in the river and lake reservoir. According to the invention, through secondary coating, the inside of the ball is subjected to sufficient anaerobic fermentation with the medicament and microorganisms, and the slow release fertilizer is formed according to the absorption period of plants, so that the absorption efficiency of the fertilizer of the plants is improved; the storage is convenient, and the bulk supply can be realized when required; can not directly contact with the plant root system to cause the burning of the plant root.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of sludge treatment, and particularly relates to a preparation method of compost balls for dredging black and odorous bottom mud in a river, lake and reservoir.
Background
With the advance of the urbanization industrialization process in China, most rivers and lakes are seriously polluted, black and odorous water bodies influencing the life of people are formed, and the whole society gradually pays attention to the outstanding contradiction between ecological environment destruction and social development. Therefore, the invention provides a granulation technology for dredging black and odorous sediment in rivers, lakes and reservoirs, which solves the problem of environmental pollution caused by the black and odorous sediment on one hand, and provides a resource utilization technology for the black and odorous sediment in severely polluted rivers and lakes at the same time so as to meet the requirement of coordinated development of economic construction and ecological civilization in China.
At present, the main treatment methods for black and odorous sludge mainly comprise landfill, composting, incineration and the like. However, after the sludge of a common urban sewage plant is dehydrated, the water content of the sludge is about 80% or even higher, which is not beneficial to the subsequent sludge treatment. In order to solve the problems of high water content and adhesion agglomeration of the sludge, a plurality of researchers carry out certain pretreatment on the sludge, namely, a certain additive is added, the sludge is made into sludge particles in different modes, the specific surface area of the sludge is increased, the dehydration efficiency is improved, and the smooth sludge treatment is facilitated.
However, in the present stage, the requirement for the water content of sludge in a specific shape caused by a granulator for sludge treatment is too high, the treatment process is too complex, the content of organic substances such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium for granulation of compost is low, the absorption and utilization rate of plants is not high, or the adaptability to the produced sludge is not strong, so that the patent invents a granulation technology for secondary coating of black and odorous sludge for sludge composting to solve the problem of resource utilization of dredged black and odorous sediment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a preparation method of black and odorous bottom sediment compost balls for dredging a river, a lake and a reservoir.
A preparation method of black and odorous bottom sediment compost balls for dredging rivers, lakes and reservoirs is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: pulping the black and odorous bottom sludge dredged in the river, lake and reservoir to obtain homogenized sludge;
step S2: adding ammonium bicarbonate into the homogenized sludge to obtain secondary coated sludge;
step S3: adding a molding agent into the homogenate sludge to mold into a circle to obtain a first sphere;
step S4: adding a molding agent into the secondary coated sludge, coating the secondary coated sludge on the first sphere for secondary molding, and heating the secondary coated sludge after molding to obtain a second sphere;
step S5: and condensing the second balls to obtain the compost balls of the dredged black and odorous bottom mud of the river lake reservoir.
Further, the diameter of the first sphere is 2 mm.
Further, the diameter of the second sphere is 10 mm-15 mm.
Further, in the step S3 and the step S4, the homogenized sludge and the secondary coated sludge are pelletized by a slurry spraying process.
Further, in the step S2, the amount of ammonium bicarbonate added is 3% to 8% by mass of the secondary coated sludge.
Further, in step S4, the heating temperature is 30 ℃ or higher.
Further, in the step S3 and the step S4, ultraviolet sterilization is performed during the molding of the homogenized sludge and the secondary coated sludge.
Further, the modeling agent comprises bentonite and a beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) according to the invention, through secondary coating, N, P and other elements in the sludge are coated, the anaerobic fermentation is carried out on the elements, medicament and microorganism in the pellet, the elements gradually permeate into the soil through micropores on the surface of the pellet, and the slow release fertilizer is formed according to the absorption period of the plant, so that the absorption rate of the plant to the elements reaches 70-80%, and the absorption efficiency of the plant fertilizer is really improved; (2) the sludge particles formed by the method are solid, and the moisture of the sludge per se can absorb the generated ammonia gas after the sludge is homogenized by dredging black and odorous substrate sludge in rivers, lakes and reservoirs, so that a large amount of malodorous gas can not be emitted, the storage is convenient, and the sludge can be supplied in batches when needed; (3) when the plant root burning device is used, the gaps among the spherulites are permeable, so that alkaline gas generated during the anaerobic fermentation of the spherulites cannot be in direct contact with plant root systems, and the plants are burnt.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with embodiments, which are included to explain the invention and not to limit the scope of the invention.
Examples
A preparation method of black and odorous bottom sediment compost balls for dredging rivers, lakes and reservoirs comprises the following steps:
step S1: pulping the black and odorous bottom sludge dredged in the river, lake and reservoir to obtain homogenized sludge;
step S2: and adding ammonium bicarbonate into the homogenized sludge to obtain secondary coated sludge, wherein the addition amount of the ammonium bicarbonate accounts for 3-8% of the mass percent of the secondary coated sludge, and the added ammonium bicarbonate can be used as a pore-forming agent and a plant nitrogen source.
Step S3: adding a molding agent into the homogenized sludge to mold the homogenized sludge into a circle to obtain a first sphere, wherein the diameter of the first sphere is 2 mm.
Step S4: and adding a molding agent into the secondary coated sludge, coating the secondary coated sludge on the first sphere, performing secondary molding, and heating at the temperature of more than 30 ℃ after molding to obtain a second sphere, wherein the diameter of the second sphere is 10-15 mm.
In the step S3 and the step S4, the homogenate sludge and the secondary coated sludge are pelletized by a slurry spraying process, and ultraviolet sterilization is performed during molding of the homogenate sludge and the secondary coated sludge, so that emission of malodorous gases can be further avoided, and the working environment can be improved.
Step S5: and condensing the second balls to obtain the compost balls of the dredged black and odorous bottom mud of the river lake reservoir.
In step S4, the heating temperature is 30 ℃ or higher.
The molding agent comprises bentonite and a beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, sludge used in the traditional sludge composting generally needs to be subjected to the steps of sludge concentration, sludge digestion, sludge dehydration and the like, and then the sludge can be treated, the water content of the sludge is generally below 60%, but the water content of the sludge is only reduced to below 75% by direct dehydration, so that a large amount of straw cotton stalks need to be mixed in the general sludge treatment technology to enable the sludge treatment technology to meet the requirements, the subsequent sludge volume is increased, and the treatment cost is greatly increased. Most composting processes at present adopt high-pressure plate-and-frame dehydration, and a large amount of lime and aluminum-ferric salt flocculant are required to reduce the water content to 60%, but the introduction of a large amount of medicament also makes the total cost of sludge composting unacceptable. The secondary coating technology of the invention directly uses the homogeneous slurry generated by the early-stage liquid slurrying technology, the water content is 75 percent, water and sludge are bonded together through the action of the molding agent and the homogeneous slurry in a granulating device, so that weak crystal water is formed and attached to the periphery of the pellets, and the humidity of the pellets is ensured. The invention produces the small balls with solidified surfaces in 10min, the small balls are output through a conveyor belt, the initial strength is formed within 4-6 h, and the small balls can leave a factory after 10-12 h.
The use method of the invention comprises the following steps: the formed first layer of spheres is in a closed state isolated from the outside air, so that the dredged black and odorous substrate sludge is ensured to be subjected to anaerobic fermentation and full reaction with microorganisms and strains in the medicament, a solidified layer with micropores can be formed on the surface of the second sphere, the sludge in the sphere is fully reacted with the medicament and gradually generates methane, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and other gases, the air pressure in the sphere is increased, the micropores are gradually cracked to form cracks, finally, the spheres are completely cracked, nutrients gradually permeate into the soil through the cracks generated on the surfaces of the spheres, and the slow release fertilizer is formed according to the absorption period of plants.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of black and odorous bottom sediment compost balls for dredging rivers, lakes and reservoirs is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step S1: pulping the black and odorous bottom sludge dredged in the river, lake and reservoir to obtain homogenized sludge;
step S2: adding ammonium bicarbonate into the homogenized sludge to obtain secondary coated sludge;
step S3: adding a molding agent into the homogenate sludge to mold into a circle to obtain a first sphere;
step S4: adding a molding agent into the secondary coated sludge, coating the secondary coated sludge on the first sphere for secondary molding, and heating the secondary coated sludge after molding to obtain a second sphere;
step S5: condensing the second sphere to obtain a compost sphere of the dredged black and odorous bottom mud in the river, lake and reservoir;
the diameter of the first sphere is 2 mm;
the diameter of the second sphere is 10 mm-15 mm;
the adding amount of the ammonium bicarbonate accounts for 3-8% of the mass percentage of the secondary coated sludge.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in the step S3 and the step S4, the homogenized sludge and the secondary coated sludge are pelletized by a slurry spraying process.
3. The method for preparing compost balls of dredged black and odorous bottom mud in a river, lake and reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the heating temperature in step S4 is above 30 ℃.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in the steps S3 and S4, the homogenized sludge and the secondary coated sludge are subjected to ultraviolet sterilization during molding.
5. The method for preparing compost balls of black and odorous bottom mud dredged in rivers, lakes and reservoirs as claimed in claim 1, wherein the modeling agent comprises bentonite and a beta-naphthalenesulfonic acid-formaldehyde condensate.
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| CN110668900B true CN110668900B (en) | 2021-09-14 |
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Inventor after: Zhu Shujing Inventor after: Hu Bei Inventor after: Zhong Beibei Inventor after: Chen Xin Inventor after: Tan Lin Inventor after: Fang Yuan Inventor after: Sun Yanhan Inventor after: Zhou Xingyue Inventor after: Xu Yulu Inventor after: Wen Hui Inventor after: Li Longfei Inventor after: Xie Shangru Inventor before: Zhu Shujing Inventor before: Hu Bei Inventor before: Tan Lin Inventor before: Fang Yuan Inventor before: Sun Yanhan Inventor before: Zhou Xingyue Inventor before: Xu Yulu Inventor before: Wen Hui Inventor before: Li Longfei Inventor before: Xie Shangru |