CN110668819A - Short-flow high-power graphite electrode and production process - Google Patents
Short-flow high-power graphite electrode and production process Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a short-process high-power graphite electrode and a production process thereof, wherein the short-process high-power graphite electrode comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-120 parts of needle coke, 18-22 parts of asphalt, 0.5-3 parts of iron powder and 0.3-0.8 part of stearic acid. The needle coke comprises: 5-12 parts of 10-20mm needle coke, 10-18 parts of 6-10mm needle coke, 20-30 parts of 2-6mm needle coke, 5-10 parts of 0.5-2mm needle coke and 30-50 parts of-0.075 mm needle coke. The invention changes the original process which can meet the requirement only by one-time soaking and two-time baking into the process which can meet the requirement only by one-time baking through reasonable improvement, thereby shortening the production period of the product from the original 90 days to about 60 days and improving the production benefit. Short-flow production can reduce SO2、NOXDischarge, reduceThe operation of few desulfurization and denitration devices, and the high-efficiency dust remover, particularly the bag type dust remover can obviously reduce main pollutants in a short flow path and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of graphite electrode production, in particular to a short-flow high-power graphite electrode and a production process.
Background
The graphite electrode is a graphite product which is formed by roasting amorphous carbon through a graphitization furnace. From the production process, the graphite electrode takes petroleum coke, needle coke and coal pitch as main raw materials, and the raw material cost accounts for 51.83%. Statistics shows that 1 ton of the ultrahigh-power graphite electrode needs 1.02 ton of needle coke and 0.29 ton of coal pitch, and the cost of the ultrahigh-power graphite electrode reaches about 30000 yuan/ton according to the recent raw material price. The production process of the graphite electrode can reach 11 processes, and the production period can reach more than 65 days. From the development trend, the ultra-high power electric arc furnace is the leading development direction, the electric arc furnace rate is increased to drive the development of high-power and ultra-high power graphite electrodes with the diameter of more than 500mm, the market occupation ratio of the high-power and ultra-high power graphite electrodes is increased year by year, and about 75% of the market occupation ratio of the high-power and ultra-high power graphite electrodes in 2017 is reached.
The apparent consumption of graphite electrodes in China and abroad respectively increases by 3.06% and 10.56% in 17 years, the annual composite increase rate of the global demand is estimated to reach 48% in 18 ~ 20 years, the graphite electrodes are key consumable materials for electric furnace steelmaking and are consumable goods, the graphite electrode consumption of an alternating current three-phase electric arc furnace is 1.5 ~ 2.5.5 kg/t and is averagely 2.0kg/t according to the discussion on graphite electrode consumption and use in electric arc furnace smelting published in the journal of carbon technology in 2009 by people with high occupancy and strong market, the newly-built capacity of the electric arc furnace is planned to be 8835.5 ten thousand tons in 2018 ~ 2019, the newly-built capacity of the electric arc furnace is planned to be 3118 ten thousand tons in official government published in China, the worldwide demand of the newly-built graphite electrode is estimated to be 9.27, 14.19 and 4.92 ten thousand tons in 2018 ~ 2020 year, the total 28.38 ten thousand tons, the international demand of the newly-built graphite electrode is estimated to reach 52.52 thousand tons in government official government published production, and the gap of the government in 2016 is considered to achieve the unbalanced production increase rate and the overall supply and the gap of graphite electrode production.
The high-power electrode yield of carbon plants such as Ji carbon, Lan carbon, Nantong, Congo and the like is rapidly increased, but the high-power electrode yield of 500mm or more is still imported mainly because of the large difference of the mass of the substances, namely the high-power electrode in China, compared with Japan, Germany and America, the high-power electrode yield is relatively poor, the breakage probability is relatively high, the consumption is relatively high, the difference is mainly caused by three aspects, namely, the ① raw material quality difference is relatively large, a, the joint is subjected to high-quality needle coke abroad, b, the coking rate of the joint is low by using medium-temperature asphalt as a joint impregnant, the quinoline insoluble substance content is high, the impregnation effect is not good, ② production equipment has a certain difference, ③ technology has a relatively large difference with management, b, the high-power electrode production body is superior, the joint impregnant is used as a joint impregnant, the quinoline insolubles are high, the CTE is not increased, the high-resistance of the high-efficiency is increased, the high-modulus of the production is increased, the high-strength of the high-resistance-soaking process is improved according to the two opposite production routes of the research, the high-efficiency difference of the high-efficiency-high-efficiency-soaking-high-efficiency-high-efficiency-high-efficiency-.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a short-flow high-power graphite electrode and a production process, and changes the process which originally needs one-dipping two-baking to meet the requirement into the process which needs only one-baking to meet the requirement through reasonable improvement, thereby shortening the production period of the product from about 90 days to about 60 days and improving the production benefit.
The technical scheme for realizing the invention is as follows:
a short-process high-power graphite electrode comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-120 parts of needle coke, 18-22 parts of asphalt, 0.5-3 parts of iron powder and 0.3-0.8 part of stearic acid.
The needle coke comprises: 5-12 parts of 10-20mm needle coke, 10-18 parts of 6-10mm needle coke, 20-30 parts of 2-6mm needle coke, 5-10 parts of 0.5-2mm needle coke and 30-50 parts of-0.075 mm needle coke.
The addition of the iron powder can remove N and S in the iron powder, reduce cracking, and the addition of the stearic acid can increase the fluidity of the asphalt and reduce the viscosity.
The production process of the short-flow high-power graphite electrode comprises the following steps:
(1) dry mixing: heating the raw materials except the asphalt to 165-170 ℃ for dry mixing for 40-50min, adding the asphalt to wet mixing at 170-180 ℃ for 40-50min, and cooling to 120-130 ℃ for material standing; the material standing treatment can fully mix the dry materials and the asphalt, so that the smoke is fully discharged, and the uniformity of the internal structure of the electrode is facilitated;
the total time of the asphalt from the beginning to the end of the addition of the asphalt in the kneading pot is not more than 10 minutes, and the time of kneading shift after the last addition of the asphalt is not less than 25 minutes, so that the paste can be produced. Excessive binder strictly prohibits dry material treatment, and excessive binder strictly prohibits dry material treatment and only can be used for waste treatment.
(2) Prepressing the material after the material standing, and vacuumizing after the prepressing;
(3) feeding the material subjected to vacuum treatment in the step (2) into an extruder for extrusion treatment;
(4) and carrying out pressurized roasting on the extruded material to obtain a roasted blank.
The prepressing pressure in the step (2) is 30-35Kg/cm2(ii) a The vacuum degree is 0.09Mpa, and the vacuumizing time is 2-3 min.
The extrusion speed in the step (3) is 1m/120-180 s.
In the step (4), the roasting temperature is raised from room temperature to 1150-1200 ℃, the temperature rise time is 520-550h, and the roasting time is 47 days.
Said step (c) is(3) The bulk density of the material after the medium extrusion is 1.78g/cm3。
And (4) graphitizing the roasted blank in the step (4) to obtain the graphite electrode.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, through reasonable formula design, the size of large particles of needle coke is properly increased, and the product has high volume density and good thermal shock resistance. Meanwhile, the high-power graphite electrode is roasted for one time by adopting a furnace type with small vertical temperature difference and small radial temperature difference, so that the performance difference of the upper end and the lower end of a product is reduced, and the falling and the breakage of the graphite electrode during use are reduced.
(2) The product quality reaches the standard, meets the premise of customer requirements, shortens the production period, reduces the existing production period of about 90 days to about 60 days, reduces the use of raw materials and saves the production cost.
(3) Short-flow production can reduce SO2、NOXThe emission reduces the operation of the desulfurization and denitration device, the main pollutants in the short flow can be obviously reduced by the high-efficiency dust remover, particularly the bag type dust remover, and the emission quantity of the atmospheric pollutants is reduced through the design of the short flow and is more environment-friendly.
(4) The invention improves the prepressing time from 3-5min to 5-8min and the prepressing pressure is 20-25 Kg/cm2The improvement is 30-35Kg/cm2(ii) a Meanwhile, the vacuum degree of the vacuum pumping treatment is improved from the conventional 0.075Mpa to 0.09Mpa, the extrusion speed is improved from the original 1m/60-100s to 1m/120-180s, and the volume density of the extruded material is improved from 1.72 to 1.78g/cm through the improvement of the process3；
(5) The roasting of the invention is changed from the original open roasting into the sealed pressure roasting, the roasting curve is optimized, and the volume density of the roasted electrode is improved by 0.02-0.03 g/cm on the original basis3(ii) a The strength is improved by more than 20 percent, and the effect of twice roasting is achieved by one-time roasting.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a graph of graphitization.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
A short-process high-power graphite electrode comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 parts of 10-20mm needle coke, 10 parts of 6-10mm needle coke, 20 parts of 2-6mm needle coke, 5 parts of 0.5-2mm needle coke, 30 parts of-0.075 mm needle coke, 18 parts of asphalt, 0.5 part of iron powder and 0.3 part of stearic acid.
The production process of the short-flow high-power graphite electrode comprises the following steps:
(1) dry mixing: heating the raw materials except the asphalt to 165 ℃ for dry mixing for 40min, adding the asphalt for wet mixing for 40min at 170 ℃, and cooling to 120 ℃ for standing; the material standing treatment can fully mix the dry materials and the asphalt, so that the smoke is fully discharged, and the uniformity of the internal structure of the electrode is facilitated;
(2) prepressing the material after the material is poured, wherein the prepressing pressure is 30Kg/cm2Pre-pressing, and vacuumizing for 2min at a vacuum degree of 0.09 Mpa;
(3) feeding the material subjected to vacuum treatment in the step (2) into an extruder, and extruding at the extrusion speed of 1m/120 s;
(4) and (3) pressurizing and roasting the extruded material (roasting curve shown in Table 1), wherein the roasting temperature is increased from room temperature to 1150 ℃, the temperature-increasing time is 520 hours, and the roasting time is 47 days, so as to obtain a roasted blank.
TABLE 1 roasting curves
And (4) performing conventional graphitization treatment on the roasted blank in the step (4) to obtain a graphite electrode, and performing treatment according to a graphitization curve in a graph 2.
Example 2
A short-process high-power graphite electrode comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8 parts of 10-20mm needle coke, 15 parts of 6-10mm needle coke, 25 parts of 2-6mm needle coke, 8 parts of 0.5-2mm needle coke, 40 parts of-0.075 mm needle coke, 20 parts of asphalt, 2 parts of iron powder and 0.5 part of stearic acid.
The production process of the short-flow high-power graphite electrode comprises the following steps:
(1) dry mixing: heating the raw materials except the asphalt to 170 ℃, dry-mixing for 45min, adding the asphalt, wet-mixing for 45min at 175 ℃, preserving heat, cooling to 125 ℃, and standing; the material standing treatment can fully mix the dry materials and the asphalt, so that the smoke is fully discharged, and the uniformity of the internal structure of the electrode is facilitated;
(2) prepressing the material after the material is poured, wherein the prepressing pressure is 33Kg/cm2Pre-pressing, and vacuumizing for 2min at a vacuum degree of 0.09 Mpa;
(3) feeding the material subjected to vacuum treatment in the step (2) into an extruder, and extruding at the extrusion speed of 1m/150 s;
(4) and (3) carrying out pressurized roasting (roasting curve) on the extruded material, wherein the roasting temperature is increased from room temperature to 1180 ℃, the temperature-rising time is 530 hours, and the roasting time is 47 days, so as to obtain a roasted blank.
And (4) graphitizing the roasted blank in the step (4) to obtain the graphite electrode.
Example 3
A short-process high-power graphite electrode comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 12 parts of 10-20mm needle coke, 18 parts of 6-10mm needle coke, 30 parts of 2-6mm needle coke, 10 parts of 0.5-2mm needle coke, 50 parts of-0.075 mm needle coke, 22 parts of asphalt, 3 parts of iron powder and 0.8 part of stearic acid.
The production process of the short-flow high-power graphite electrode comprises the following steps:
(1) dry mixing: heating the raw materials except the asphalt to 170 ℃, dry-mixing for 50min, adding the asphalt, wet-mixing for 50min at 180 ℃, preserving heat, cooling to 130 ℃, and standing; the material standing treatment can fully mix the dry materials and the asphalt, so that the smoke is fully discharged, and the uniformity of the internal structure of the electrode is facilitated;
(2) prepressing the material after the material is poured, wherein the prepressing pressure is 35Kg/cm2Pre-pressing, and vacuumizing for 3min at a vacuum degree of 0.09 MPa;
(3) feeding the material subjected to vacuum treatment in the step (2) into an extruder, and extruding at the extrusion speed of 1m/180 s;
(4) and (3) pressurizing and roasting the extruded material, wherein the roasting temperature is increased from room temperature to 1200 ℃, the temperature rise time is 550 hours, and the roasting time is 47 days, so as to obtain a roasted blank.
And (4) graphitizing the roasted blank in the step (4) to obtain the graphite electrode.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (8)
1. A short-process high-power graphite electrode is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-120 parts of needle coke, 18-22 parts of asphalt, 0.5-3 parts of iron powder and 0.3-0.8 part of stearic acid.
2. The short pass high power graphite electrode of claim 1, wherein the needle coke comprises: 5-12 parts of 10-20mm needle coke, 10-18 parts of 6-10mm needle coke, 20-30 parts of 2-6mm needle coke, 5-10 parts of 0.5-2mm needle coke and 30-50 parts of-0.075 mm needle coke.
3. The process for producing a short-run high-power graphite electrode as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized by the steps of:
(1) dry mixing: heating the raw materials except the asphalt to 165-170 ℃ for dry mixing for 40-50min, adding the asphalt to wet mixing at 170-180 ℃ for 40-50min, and cooling to 120-130 ℃ for material standing;
(2) prepressing the material after the material standing, and vacuumizing after the prepressing;
(3) feeding the material subjected to vacuum treatment in the step (2) into an extruder for extrusion treatment;
(4) and carrying out pressurized roasting on the extruded material to obtain a roasted blank.
4. The process for producing a short run high power graphite electrode of claim 3, wherein: the prepressing pressure in the step (2) is 30-35Kg/cm2(ii) a The vacuum degree is 0.09Mpa, and the vacuumizing time is 2-3 min.
5. The process for producing a short run high power graphite electrode of claim 3, wherein: the extrusion speed in the step (3) is 1m/120-180 s.
6. The process for producing a short run high power graphite electrode of claim 3, wherein: in the step (4), the roasting temperature is raised from room temperature to 1150-1200 ℃, the temperature rise time is 520-550h, and the roasting time is 47 days.
7. The process for producing a short-run high-power graphite electrode as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein: the bulk density of the extruded material in the step (3) is 1.78g/cm3。
8. The process for producing a short run high power graphite electrode according to any one of claim 7, wherein: and (4) graphitizing the roasted blank in the step (4) to obtain the graphite electrode.
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Cited By (3)
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| CN114804877A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-29 | 李鑫 | Pulse current internal heating type intermediate temperature graphitized negative electrode material and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN115872745A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-31 | 焦作市中州炭素有限责任公司 | Preparation method of furnace end electrode for graphitizing furnace |
| CN116903373A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-10-20 | 鄯善隆盛碳素制造有限公司 | Graphitized furnace end guard plate processing technology |
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| CN114804877A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-07-29 | 李鑫 | Pulse current internal heating type intermediate temperature graphitized negative electrode material and manufacturing method thereof |
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| CN115872745A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-03-31 | 焦作市中州炭素有限责任公司 | Preparation method of furnace end electrode for graphitizing furnace |
| CN115872745B (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-11-10 | 焦作市中州炭素有限责任公司 | Preparation method of furnace end electrode for graphitization furnace |
| CN116903373A (en) * | 2023-07-28 | 2023-10-20 | 鄯善隆盛碳素制造有限公司 | Graphitized furnace end guard plate processing technology |
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Application publication date: 20200110 |