CN110666387B - Method for researching influence of air pressure and current on surfacing process parameters - Google Patents
Method for researching influence of air pressure and current on surfacing process parameters Download PDFInfo
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- CN110666387B CN110666387B CN201910990346.3A CN201910990346A CN110666387B CN 110666387 B CN110666387 B CN 110666387B CN 201910990346 A CN201910990346 A CN 201910990346A CN 110666387 B CN110666387 B CN 110666387B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/12—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to investigating the properties, e.g. the weldability, of materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/235—Preliminary treatment
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for researching the influence of air pressure and current on surfacing process parameters, which is characterized in that dirt such as oil, rust and the like on the surface of a workpiece to be welded is removed before surfacing, and a base metal is preheated before welding; s3, surfacing method: adopting argon arc surfacing welding, surfacing welding SHQ605 on 20CrMnTi steel by utilizing a WSE-350 alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machine, welding by taking argon as protective gas, wherein the flow of the protective gas is 20L/min, and the range of the pressure intensity of the argon is as follows: 8 MPa-12 MPa, during welding, the welding current is 30A-110A, the welding current increment is 5A, the invention adopts the argon arc welding method to weld the SHQ605 welding rod on 20CrMnTi steel, the hardness of a sample piece is measured on a microhardness instrument, the hardness value is measured, the wear resistance can be optimized under a certain argon pressure and a certain welding current by changing different currents and argon pressures, and the wear resistance can be improved by 3.2 times.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wear resistance, in particular to a method for researching the influence of air pressure and current on surfacing process parameters.
Background
The roller is a transportation part of a steel rolling roller conveyor, steel plate quality of the roller surface influences the surface quality of a steel plate every time the steel plate roller is conveyed upwards, but the roller surface is subjected to the action of friction force of the steel plate which changes periodically. The long-term service rolling surface has abrasion, burn, scratch and fatigue fracture, and the working precision of the rolling surface is influenced, so the surface quality of the steel plate is influenced.
The surfacing technology is suitable for repairing the surface damage of a roller surface or a large part, and the uneven wear of patterns and hard points along the width direction of the roller and the whole roller surface can be directly repaired and welded by adopting a local repairing method; after 5-6 times of direct repair welding, because the parent body repeatedly bears the action of high extrusion stress, the welding micro-crack continuously expands, the surface of the grinding roller can generate a fatigue layer with a certain thickness, and at the moment, if the abrasion-resistant repair welding rod is used for direct repair welding, the interlayer is easy to fall off,
the repair welding is repaired by adopting argon arc welding surfacing, but an operator can only randomly search for the performance under the conditions of which argon pressure and which welding current are unknown, so that the wear resistance and the surface hardness are not good, wherein the SHQ-605 and WSE-350 alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machines are used, and no research is carried out on the welding current under the condition that the good welding argon pressure cannot be accurately obtained.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for researching the influence of air pressure and current on surfacing process parameters, which aims to solve the problem that in the background technology, the argon arc welding is adopted for surfacing repair welding repair, but an operator can only randomly figure out the performance under the conditions of which argon pressure and which welding current are unknown, so that the wear resistance and the surface hardness are not good, and the problem that the welding current under the good welding argon pressure cannot be accurately obtained by using an SHQ-605 and WSE-350 alternating current pulse argon arc welding machine is not researched.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for researching the influence of air pressure and current on surfacing process parameters comprises the following steps:
s1, test preparation:
(1) and test equipment: the device comprises welding equipment, abrasion equipment, weighing equipment, scanning equipment and hardness detection equipment;
(2) and test materials: the welding rod is SHQ605, and the welding body is 20CrMnTi steel;
s2, welding preparation: removing oil and rust on the surface of a workpiece to be welded before surfacing, and preheating a base metal before welding;
s3, surfacing method: adopting argon arc surfacing welding, surfacing welding SHQ605 on 20CrMnTi steel by utilizing a WSE-350 alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machine, welding by taking argon as protective gas, wherein the flow of the protective gas is 20L/min, and the range of the pressure intensity of the argon is as follows: 8 MPa-12 MPa, during welding, the minimum welding current is 30A, the maximum welding current is 110A, the welding current increment is 5A, and under the condition of certain welding speed and gas pressure, the selected welding current parameters are as follows: the base current range DC5-350A, the peak current range AC20-350A rated load continuous rate is 35%; the output current range of the welding equipment is 20-350A;
s4, performance detection: the method comprises the following steps of hardness testing, abrasion testing and scanning electron microscope tissue analysis;
carrying out friction wear on the overlaying layer by using an MDW-02 friction wear testing machine, wherein the friction wear time is 60min, weighing a test piece before wear, clamping the test piece on a clamp, and contacting a spraying surface with a friction wear piece; loading a load: f = 1-100N;
frequency: f =1-3 HZ;
time: t =60 min;
and sequentially polishing the end faces by using sand paper 180, 240, 1500 and 2000, measuring the microhardness of the surfacing layer by using a hardness tester after the treatment is finished, observing the microstructure by using a scanning electron microscope, analyzing the components of the surfacing layer and recording related parameters.
Preferably, in step S4, after the abrasion is finished, the oil stain remained on the test piece is removed by using an oil removing agent or acetone, and then the test piece is cleaned by using absolute ethyl alcohol through ultrasonic vibration for 15-30min, dried by using a blower, and then placed on an FB-C precision balance for weighing.
Preferably, the welding equipment adopts a WSE-350 alternating current and direct current pulse argon arc welding machine.
Preferably, the abrasion equipment is an MDW-02 friction abrasion tester.
Preferably, the weighing device adopts an FB-C precision balance.
Preferably, the scanning equipment adopts an S-4800SEM scanning electron microscope, and the hardness detection equipment adopts an S-3700N microhardness instrument.
The invention provides a method for researching the influence of air pressure and current on surfacing process parameters, which has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, an SHQ605 welding rod is overlaid on 20CrMnTi steel by adopting an argon arc welding method, after overlaying, a test piece is subjected to coarse grinding, fine grinding and polishing, hardness of the sample piece is measured on a microhardness instrument, hardness values are measured, wear resistance of an overlaying structure and wear resistance analysis of an M-200 wear machine are analyzed by using an electron microscope by changing different currents and argon pressures, and therefore, the wear resistance can be optimized under a certain argon pressure and a certain welding current, and the wear resistance can be improved by 3.2 times.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a friction-time-coefficient of friction curve for an argon pressure 8MPa weld overlay of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an SEM cross section of a 20CrMnTi weld overlay of the invention under argon pressure of 8MPa and welding current of 50A;
FIG. 3 shows the microstructure of a 20CrMnTi weld overlay with an argon pressure of 8MPa and a welding current of 50A according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an SEM cross-section energy spectrum of a 20CrMnTi weld overlay of the invention with an argon pressure of 12MPa and a welding current of 30A;
FIG. 5 is an SEM cross-sectional view of a 20CrMnTi weld overlay of the present invention with an argon pressure of 12MPa and a welding current of 30A;
FIG. 6 is a friction-time-coefficient of friction curve for a weld overlay of welding current 70A and argon pressure 12MPa in accordance with the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Example 1
Test equipment: the device comprises a WSE-350 alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machine, an MDW-02 friction wear testing machine, an FB-C precision balance, an S-4800SEM scanning electron microscope and an S-3700N microhardness instrument;
test materials: the welding rod is SHQ605, and the welding body is 20CrMnTi steel;
| C | Mn | Si | Cr | others | Use of |
| 3.0-6.0 | 0.5-2.0 | 0.5-2.0 | 17-24 | 1-3 | For the build-up welding of workpieces which are subject to intense wear under slight impacts. |
Surfacing: removing oil and rusty dirt on the surface of a workpiece to be welded before surfacing, preheating base metal before welding, then performing argon arc surfacing, surfacing SHQ605 on 20CrMnTi steel by using a WSE-350 alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machine, welding by using argon as protective gas, wherein the flow of the protective gas is 20L/min, and the range of the argon pressure is as follows: 8MPa and welding current of 30A.
And (3) performance detection: carrying out friction wear on the overlaying layer by using an MDW-02 friction wear testing machine, wherein the friction wear time is
Weighing the test piece before abrasion, clamping the test piece on a clamp, and contacting the spraying surface with the friction abrasion piece; loading a load: f = 1-100N;
frequency: f =1-3 HZ;
time: t =60 min;
the end faces are sequentially polished by sand paper 180, 240, 1500 and 2000, the microhardness of the surfacing layer is measured by a hardness meter after the treatment is finished, the microstructure is observed by a scanning electron microscope, the components of the surfacing layer are analyzed, and related parameters are recorded, so that the friction-time-friction coefficient curve of the surfacing layer with the welding current of 30A and the argon pressure of 8MPa is achieved, as shown in figure 1.
Example 2
Test equipment: the device comprises a WSE-350 alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machine, an MDW-02 friction wear testing machine, an FB-C precision balance, an S-4800SEM scanning electron microscope and an S-3700N microhardness instrument;
test materials: the welding rod is SHQ605, and the welding body is 20CrMnTi steel;
surfacing: removing oil and rusty dirt on the surface of a workpiece to be welded before surfacing, preheating base metal before welding, then performing argon arc surfacing, surfacing SHQ605 on 20CrMnTi steel by using a WSE-350 alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machine, welding by using argon as protective gas, wherein the flow of the protective gas is 20L/min, and the range of the argon pressure is as follows: 8MPa and welding current of 50A.
And (3) performance detection: carrying out friction wear on the overlaying layer by using an MDW-02 friction wear testing machine, wherein the friction wear time is
Weighing the test piece before abrasion, clamping the test piece on a clamp, and contacting the spraying surface with the friction abrasion piece; loading a load: f = 1-100N;
frequency: f =1-3 HZ;
time: t =60 min;
the end faces are sequentially polished by abrasive paper 180, 240, 1500 and 2000, the microhardness of the surfacing layer is measured by a hardness meter after the treatment is finished, the microstructure is observed by a scanning electron microscope, the components of the surfacing layer are analyzed, relevant parameters are recorded, and the section and the microstructure of the surfacing layer are obtained by scanning by an SEM (scanning electron microscope), as shown in figures 2 and 3, the surfacing layer and a base body are well fused by the aid of the figure 2, air hole scratch welding defects do not exist, and the metallographic structure of the surfacing layer is mainly lath martensite in the fig. 3, so that the surfacing layer has high toughness, plasticity, hardness and strength.
Example 3
Test equipment: the device comprises a WSE-350 alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machine, an MDW-02 friction wear testing machine, an FB-C precision balance, an S-4800SEM scanning electron microscope and an S-3700N microhardness instrument;
test materials: the welding rod is SHQ605, and the welding body is 20CrMnTi steel;
surfacing: removing oil and rusty dirt on the surface of a workpiece to be welded before surfacing, preheating base metal before welding, then performing argon arc surfacing, surfacing SHQ605 on 20CrMnTi steel by using a WSE-350 alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machine, welding by using argon as protective gas, wherein the flow of the protective gas is 20L/min, and the range of the argon pressure is as follows: 12MPa and welding current of 30A.
And (3) performance detection: carrying out friction wear on the overlaying layer by using an MDW-02 friction wear testing machine, wherein the friction wear time is
Weighing the test piece before abrasion, clamping the test piece on a clamp, and contacting the spraying surface with the friction abrasion piece; loading a load: f = 1-100N;
frequency: f =1-3 HZ;
time: t =60 min;
polishing the end faces sequentially by using sand paper 180, 240, 1500 and 2000, measuring the microhardness of the surfacing layer by using a hardness meter after the treatment is finished, observing the microstructure by using a scanning electron microscope, analyzing the components of the surfacing layer and recording related parameters to obtain an energy spectrum (figure 4 and figure 5) of the SEM section of the 20CrMnTi surfacing layer at the welding current of 30A and the percentage of elements of the microstructure (table 1), wherein the shape of a martensite structure can be seen from figure 4, and the existence of Cr and Fe can be seen from figure 5;
argon pressure of 12MPa and SEM element percentage of 20CrMnTi overlaying layer at welding current of 30A
| Element(s) | Line type | Apparent concentration | k ratio | wt% | wt%Sigma | Atomic percent |
| Si | K line system | 0.50 | 0.00398 | 0.75 | 0.18 | 1.48 |
| Cr | K line system | 6.84 | 0.06842 | 8.09 | 0.48 | 8.57 |
| Fe | K line system | 62.16 | 0.62159 | 91.16 | 0.51 | 89.95 |
| Total amount: | 100.00 | 100.00 |
example 4
Test equipment: the device comprises a WSE-350 alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machine, an MDW-02 friction wear testing machine, an FB-C precision balance, an S-4800SEM scanning electron microscope and an S-3700N microhardness instrument;
test materials: the welding rod is SHQ605, and the welding body is 20CrMnTi steel;
surfacing: removing oil and rusty dirt on the surface of a workpiece to be welded before surfacing, preheating base metal before welding, then performing argon arc surfacing, surfacing SHQ605 on 20CrMnTi steel by using a WSE-350 alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machine, welding by using argon as protective gas, wherein the flow of the protective gas is 20L/min, and the range of the argon pressure is as follows: 12MPa, welding current of 70A
And (3) performance detection: carrying out friction wear on the overlaying layer by using an MDW-02 friction wear testing machine, wherein the friction wear time is
Weighing the test piece before abrasion, clamping the test piece on a clamp, and contacting the spraying surface with the friction abrasion piece; loading a load: f = 1-100N;
frequency: f =1-3 HZ;
time: t =60 min;
the end faces were polished sequentially with sandpaper 180, 240, 1500, 2000, the microhardness of the weld overlay was measured with a hardness meter after the treatment was completed, the microstructure was observed with a scanning electron microscope, the weld overlay composition was analyzed and the relevant parameters were recorded, thereby achieving a friction-time-friction coefficient curve for a weld overlay with welding current of 70A and argon pressure of 12MPa, as shown in fig. 6.
And (4) conclusion: under the working conditions of 25N of load force, 3Hz of frequency and 60min of abrasion time, the friction coefficient is 0.28. The surfacing speed is 1 hour (80-120) to 150m, namely the width of a welding channel is 4mm at 1.5-2.5m/min, the surfacing distance is 20-40cm, the thickness of a surfacing surface layer is H =3mm, the microhardness is generally above 2300HV and can reach 3000HV at most, the dry friction coefficient is generally u =0.5, the minimum is u =0.28, and the minimum abrasion loss is 0.004 g/1H.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (2)
1. A method for researching the influence of air pressure and current on surfacing process parameters is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, test preparation:
(1) and test equipment: the device comprises welding equipment, abrasion equipment, weighing equipment, scanning equipment and hardness detection equipment; the welding equipment is a WSE-350 alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machine; the abrasion equipment is an MDW-02 friction abrasion tester; the weighing equipment is an FB-C precision balance; the scanning equipment is an S-4800SEM scanning electron microscope; the hardness detection equipment is an S-3700N microhardness instrument;
(2) and test materials: the welding rod is SHQ605, and the welding body is 20CrMnTi steel;
s2, welding preparation: removing oil and rust on the surface of a workpiece to be welded before surfacing, and preheating a base metal before welding;
s3, surfacing method: adopting argon arc surfacing welding, surfacing welding SHQ605 on 20CrMnTi steel by utilizing a WSE-350 alternating current-direct current pulse argon arc welding machine, welding by taking argon as protective gas, wherein the flow of the protective gas is 20L/min, and the range of the pressure intensity of the argon is as follows: 8 MPa-12 MPa, during welding, the minimum welding current is 30A, the maximum welding current is 110A, the welding current increment is 5A, and under the condition of certain welding speed and gas pressure, the selected welding current parameters are as follows: the base current range DC5-350A, the peak current range AC20-350A and the rated load continuous rate 35%; the output current range of the welding equipment is 20-350A;
s4, performance detection: the method comprises the following steps of hardness testing, abrasion testing and scanning electron microscope tissue analysis;
carrying out friction wear on the overlaying layer by using an MDW-02 friction wear testing machine, wherein the friction wear time is 60min, weighing a test piece before wear, clamping the test piece on a clamp, and contacting a spraying surface with a friction wear piece;
loading a load: f = 1-100N; frequency: f =1-3 HZ;
time: t =60 min;
sequentially polishing the end faces by using sand paper 180, 240, 1500 and 2000, measuring the microhardness of the surfacing layer by using the hardness detection equipment after the treatment is finished, observing the microstructure by using the scanning equipment, analyzing the components of the surfacing layer and recording related parameters;
the wear resistance can be optimized under a certain argon pressure and a certain welding current, and the wear resistance can be improved by 3.2 times.
2. The method for researching the influence of the air pressure and the current on the surfacing process parameters according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S4, after the abrasion is finished, oil removing agents are used for removing residual oil stains on the test piece, then absolute ethyl alcohol is used for carrying out ultrasonic vibration cleaning for 15-30min, a blower is used for drying, and the test piece is placed on an FB-C precision balance and weighed.
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