CN110666300A - Q370qE + Q690qENH different-plate-thickness composite welding butt joint method - Google Patents

Q370qE + Q690qENH different-plate-thickness composite welding butt joint method Download PDF

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CN110666300A
CN110666300A CN201910868637.5A CN201910868637A CN110666300A CN 110666300 A CN110666300 A CN 110666300A CN 201910868637 A CN201910868637 A CN 201910868637A CN 110666300 A CN110666300 A CN 110666300A
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welding
q370qe
q690qenh
bevel
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李慧明
高波
郭红艳
陈潜
李方敏
朱东明
王员根
付建辉
韩博
王中美
刘翔
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China Railway Jiujiang Bridge Engineering Co Ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/18—Submerged-arc welding

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Abstract

The invention discloses a composite welding butt joint method for different plate thicknesses of Q370qE + Q690qENH, belonging to the field of manufacturing and welding of thick plates of large-span and heavy-load bridges, and the technical scheme is characterized in that bridge steel made of Q370qE and Q690qENH in different materials is adopted, and the mechanical property is characterized in that: q370qE yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 370MPa, tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 510MPa, elongation A is more than or equal to 20 percent, and-40 ℃ impact energy KV2Not less than 120J; q690qENH yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 690MPa, tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 810MPa, elongation A is more than or equal to 14%, and impact energy KV at minus 40 DEG C2Not less than 120J; the bevel adopts an X-shaped asymmetric bevel, the angle of the deep bevel side bevel is 60 degrees, the angle of the shallow bevel side bevel is 65 degrees, and the truncated edge is 2 mm; processing a bevel edge of the thick steel plate to form a transition bevel edge, so that the thicknesses of the two steel plates are consistent, and the gradient ratio of the transition bevel edge is 1: 8; the front and back surfaces of the joint are respectively primed by gas shielded welding by two layersAnd (5) automatically welding the filling cover surface by submerged arc. The invention adopts a butt joint composite welding method of different thick plates to solve the problem that the cracking and breaking of a large-scale steel structure in the welding process cannot be ensured when the Q370qE + Q690qENH plates are welded.

Description

Q370qE + Q690qENH different-plate-thickness composite welding butt joint method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing and welding of thick plates of large-span and heavy-load bridges, in particular to a composite welding butt joint method for different plate thicknesses of Q370qE + Q690 qENH.
Background
The seven bridge in Jianghhan proposed in China is a bidirectional 6-lane highway bridge, and the main bridge of the seven bridge is a heavy-load highway bridge with the span of 408 meters. In order to meet the requirement of high strength, large span, heavy load and high speed development of bridge construction in China, BaoWu group develops a new generation of high strength, high toughness and high weather resistance bridge steel Q690qENH for the bridge in China, the comprehensive mechanical property of the steel reaches the level of foreign similar steel types, and particularly, the low-temperature impact toughness and the weather resistance are greatly improved while the strength is improved. The improvement of the performance of the base material puts urgent demands on the welding material and the welding process matched with the base material. Therefore, if the problems of weldability, matching welding materials and welding process of the high-performance weather-resistant bridge steel are not solved timely and effectively, the popularization and application of the bridge steel and new steel types in China are directly hindered. The method accelerates the development of the welding process of the steel for the large-span and heavy-load bridge and the research of the matched welding materials, and has great economic benefit and social benefit for the popularization and the application of the steel for the bridge in the manufacturing technology of the large-span, heavy-load and high-weather-resistance thick plate bridge structure in China.
Through search, the document of Chinese patent No. CN201910221777.3 discloses a welding method for a Q500qE and Q690qE ultra-low carbon bainite steel heterogeneous butt joint. The method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of performing thickness reduction processing on a butt-jointed part of a thick steel plate in two unequal thick steel plates which are made of Q500qE and Q690qE respectively, processing a transition bevel edge on the thick steel plate to enable the two steel plates to be consistent in thickness, wherein the gradient ratio of the transition bevel edge is 1 (8-10); processing a V-shaped groove at the butt joint of the two steel plates, wherein the groove angle is 20-22 degrees, the assembly gap is 6-8 mm, and a ceramic liner is placed on one side of the assembly gap; preheating a steel plate to 75-85 ℃ before welding, then adopting mixed gas to shield and weld the steel plate at the bottom in the groove, firstly adopting solid welding wires to weld 1-2 backing welds, then adopting the solid welding wires to perform layer-by-layer filling welding and filling the groove; interlayer cleaning is carried out in the welding process, and the interlayer temperature of a welding bead is 140-160 ℃; and after welding, taking heat preservation measures, covering heat preservation cotton for heat preservation, and slowly cooling to the normal temperature.
The method in the above document cannot be applied to the hybrid welding of steel sheets having different thicknesses of Q370qE + Q690 qENH. The invention discloses a manufacturing technology of a Q370qE + Q690qENH composite welding key welding process with different plate thicknesses, and mainly solves the problem that aiming at a joint with different plate thicknesses of Q370qE + Q690qENH, a composite welding process, two welding methods and a welding process method for matching and welding a large-span, heavy-load, high-strength and high-toughness bridge steel butt joint by two materials, preheating the welding to 80-100 ℃ before welding and not performing heat treatment after welding are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a composite welding butt joint method for Q370qE + Q690qENH with different plate thicknesses, so as to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a composite welding butt joint method for Q370qE + Q690qENH with different plate thicknesses, which comprises the following steps:
1) adopt Q370qE and Q690qENH xenogenesis material bridge steel, the mechanical properties characteristic is: q370qE yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 370MPa, tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 510MPa, elongation A is more than or equal to 20 percent, and-40 ℃ impact energy KV2Not less than 120J; q690qENH yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 690MPa, tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 810MPa, and elongation A is more than or equal to14%, -40 ℃ impact energy KV2≥120J；
2) The bevel adopts an X-shaped asymmetric bevel, the angle of the deep bevel side bevel is 60 degrees, the angle of the shallow bevel side bevel is 65 degrees, and the truncated edge is 2 mm;
3) processing a bevel edge of the thick steel plate to form a transition bevel edge, so that the thicknesses of the two steel plates are consistent, and the gradient ratio of the transition bevel edge is 1: 8;
4) the welding process comprises the following steps:
a) the front side and the back side of the joint are respectively primed by gas shielded welding at two layers, the interlayer temperature is controlled to be 120-150 ℃, the welding current of the gas shielded welding is 250A, the welding voltage is 28V, the welding speed is 30cm/min, the welding line energy is 14KJ/cm, and 20 percent of CO by volume is adopted2Argon-rich gas with 80% of Ar is used as protective gas, and the gas flow is controlled to be welded under the condition of 20-25L/min;
b) and filling the cover surface by adopting automatic submerged arc welding, controlling the interlayer temperature at 120-150 ℃, and controlling the automatic submerged arc welding current to be 650A, the welding voltage to be 31V, the welding speed to be 40cm/min and the welding line energy to be 30 KJ/cm.
Further, when preheating, the steel plate is preheated by adopting electromagnetic induction heating equipment.
Furthermore, the gas shielded welding wire respectively adopts the tensile strength of more than 630MPa and the tensile strength of more than 810MPa, and the diameter phi of the welding wire is 1.2 mm.
Furthermore, after the submerged automatic arc welding is carried out, deposited metal is selected to have tensile strength of more than 630MPa, tensile strength of more than 810MPa and welding wire diameter phi of 4.0mm after the optimal welding flux is matched.
Further, the gas shielded welding wire for bottoming comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
C：0.071 Si：1.63
Mn：0.057 P：0.013
S：0.003 Ni：1.03
the balance being iron.
Further, the gas shielded welding wire for bottoming comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0002201963530000031
Figure BDA0002201963530000041
further, the submerged arc automatic welding wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0002201963530000042
further, the submerged arc automatic welding wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0002201963530000043
by applying the technical scheme of the invention, the beneficial effects are as follows:
(1) the Q370qE + Q690qENH dissimilar material composite welding butt joint process method with different plate thicknesses meets the key welding process manufacturing technology of the composite welding of the Jianghan seven-bridge steel structure proposed in China. The joint has excellent low-temperature toughness, crack resistance and weather resistance, and each area of the joint has higher impact toughness reserve and safety margin.
(2) By adopting the welding process technology, the superheat zone of the joint is mainly a bainite structure, and the weld metal is mainly a fine acicular ferrite structure, so that the weld has excellent low-temperature impact toughness, and the joint has excellent crack resistance, weather resistance and excellent comprehensive mechanical properties.
(3) The gas shielded welding bottoming and submerged arc welding filling cover surface composite welding process technology realizes a welding process without preheating before welding and heat treatment after welding in the manufacturing process of a dissimilar material high-strength bridge steel thick plate structure, and a joint has excellent crack resistance and comprehensive mechanical properties when multilayer and multi-channel continuous welding is adopted.
The welding process has excellent welding process performance, is simple and convenient to operate, is suitable, convenient, efficient and energy-saving, is suitable for manufacturing, popularizing and applying large-span bridge steel thick plates in factories, and meets the matched welding technical requirements of new-generation high-strength, high-toughness and high-weather-resistance bridge steel in China.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a structure diagram of a 28mm +32mm joint groove of a Q370qE + Q690qENH composite welding butt joint method with different plate thicknesses.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the invention provides a composite welding butt joint method for Q370qE + Q690qENH with different plate thicknesses, which comprises the following steps:
1) adopt Q370qE and Q690qENH xenogenesis material bridge steel, the mechanical properties characteristic is: q370qE yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 370MPa, tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 510MPa, elongation A is more than or equal to 20 percent, and-40 ℃ impact energy KV2Not less than 120J; q690qENH yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 690MPa, tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 810MPa, elongation A is more than or equal to 14%, and impact energy KV at minus 40 DEG C2≥120J；
2) The bevel adopts an X-shaped asymmetric bevel, the angle of the deep bevel side bevel is 60 degrees, the angle of the shallow bevel side bevel is 65 degrees, and the truncated edge is 2 mm;
3) processing a bevel edge of the thick steel plate to form a transition bevel edge, so that the thicknesses of the two steel plates are consistent, and the gradient ratio of the transition bevel edge is 1: 8;
4) the welding process comprises the following steps:
a) the front side and the back side of the joint are respectively primed by gas shielded welding at two layers, the interlayer temperature is controlled to be 120-150 ℃, the welding current of the gas shielded welding is 250A, the welding voltage is 28V, the welding speed is 30cm/min, the welding line energy is 14KJ/cm, and 20 percent of CO by volume is adopted2Argon-rich gas with 80% of Ar is used as protective gas, and the gas flow is controlled to be welded under the condition of 20-25L/min;
the gas protection welding wire respectively adopts the tensile strength of more than 630MPa, the tensile strength of more than 810MPa and the diameter of the welding wire phi of 1.2 mm.
b) And filling the cover surface by adopting automatic submerged arc welding, controlling the interlayer temperature at 120-150 ℃, and controlling the automatic submerged arc welding current to be 650A, the welding voltage to be 31V, the welding speed to be 40cm/min and the welding line energy to be 30 KJ/cm.
Submerged arc automatic welding, and after the optimal welding flux is matched, deposited metals respectively adopt the tensile strength of more than 630MPa, the tensile strength of more than 810MPa and the diameter phi of a welding wire of 4.0 mm.
Wherein, when preheating, the electromagnetic induction heating equipment is adopted to preheat the steel plate.
By applying the technical scheme of the embodiment, the joints made of different materials can be butted and leveled by arranging the bevel with the thickness of 1:8 and different thicknesses, so that the flatness of the welding line is improved, and the performance of the joints is effectively optimized.
Example 1
1) The base material steel grade is Q370qE + Q690qENH, the Q370qE yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 370MPa, the tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 510MPa, the elongation A is more than or equal to 20 percent, and the impact energy KV at minus 40 ℃ is KV2Not less than 120J; q690qENH yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 690MPa, tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 810MPa, elongation A is more than or equal to 14%, and impact energy KV at minus 40 DEG C2Not less than 120J; (ii) a The plate thickness combination is 28mm +32mm of non-uniform thickness deformed bridge steel;
the test panel size is 800mm × 300mm × 28(32) mm;
2) the bevel adopts an X-shaped asymmetric bevel, the angle of the deep bevel side bevel is 60 degrees, the angle of the shallow bevel side bevel is 65 degrees, and the truncated edge is 2 mm;
3) processing a bevel edge of the thick steel plate to form a transition bevel edge, so that the thicknesses of the two steel plates are consistent, and the gradient ratio of the transition bevel edge is 1: 8;
matching welding materials:
the gas shielded welding wire for bottoming adopts XY-ER70Q welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is phi 1.2mm, and the argon-rich gas is shielded and comprises 80% of Ar and 20% of CO2The mechanical properties of the deposited metal are that Rel is 621MPa, Rm is 718MPa, A is 23 percent, and KV is at-40 DEG C2The impact work is 101J;
the XY-ER70Q welding wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
C：0.071 Si：1.63
Mn：0.057 P：0.013
S：0.003 Ni：1.03
the balance being iron.
The submerged arc automatic welding adopts WQ-5 welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is phi 4.0mm, the welding wire is combined with SJ105q flux, the mechanical properties of deposited metal are Rel 585MPa, Rm 727MPa, A25.5%, KV at-40 deg.C2The impact work was 232J.
Wherein, the WQ-5 welding wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0002201963530000081
a) the deep groove side is firstly welded and primed by gas shield welding, the welding current is 250A, the welding voltage is 28V, the welding speed is 30cm/min, the welding line energy is 14KJ/cm, and 20 percent of CO by volume percentage is adopted2Argon-rich gas with 80% of Ar is used as protective gas, and welding is carried out under the condition that the flow rate is controlled at 20L/min;
b) and (4) performing submerged automatic arc welding to fill the cover surface, wherein the welding current is 650A, the welding voltage is 31V, the welding speed is 40cm/min, and the welding line energy is 30 KJ/cm. Controlling the interlayer temperature at 150 ℃;
the welding process is adopted to weld the mechanical properties of the Q370qE and Q690qENH dissimilar material bridge steel butt joint, the tensile strength Rm of the welding seam is 712MPa, and the central impact energy of the welding seam is-40 ℃ KV2106J, Q370qE heat affected zone (1mm) -40 deg.C KV2122J, Q690qE side heat affected zone (1mm) -40 deg.C KV2＝147J。
Example 2
1) The base material steel grade is Q370qE + Q690qENH, the Q370qE yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 370MPa, the tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 510MPa, the elongation A is more than or equal to 20 percent, and the impact energy KV at minus 40 ℃ is KV2Not less than 120J; q690qENH yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 690MPa, tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 810MPa, elongation A is more than or equal to 14%, and impact energy KV at minus 40 DEG C2Not less than 120J; (ii) a The plate thickness combination is 28mm +32mm of non-uniform thickness deformed bridge steel;
the test panel size is 800mm × 300mm × 28(32) mm;
2) the bevel adopts an X-shaped asymmetric bevel, the angle of the deep bevel side bevel is 60 degrees, the angle of the shallow bevel side bevel is 65 degrees, and the truncated edge is 2 mm;
3) processing a bevel edge of the thick steel plate to form a transition bevel edge, so that the thicknesses of the two steel plates are consistent, and the gradient ratio of the transition bevel edge is 1: 8;
matching welding materials:
the gas protection welding wire for bottoming adopts XY-AF85QNH welding wire, the diameter phi of the welding wire is 1.2mm, argon-rich gas is used for protection, the argon-rich gas comprises 80% of Ar and 20% of CO2, the mechanical property of deposited metal is that Rel is 746MPa, Rm is 833MPa, A is 17.5%, and KV2 impact work at minus 40 ℃ is 79J;
the XY-AF85QNH welding wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
C：0.071 Si：1.63
Mn：0.057 P：0.013
S：0.003 Ni：1.03
the balance being iron.
The submerged arc automatic welding adopts XY-S80QNH welding wire, the diameter of the welding wire is phi 4.0mm, XY-AF85QNH welding flux combination is matched, the mechanical property of deposited metal is Rel 770MPa, Rm 904MPa, A18.0 percent, and KV2 impact energy at minus 40 ℃ is 138J.
The XY-S80QNH welding wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Figure BDA0002201963530000101
the welding process comprises the following steps:
a) the deep groove side is firstly welded and primed by gas shield welding, the welding current is 250A, the welding voltage is 28V, the welding speed is 30cm/min, the welding line energy is 14KJ/cm, and 20 percent of CO by volume percentage is adopted2Argon-rich gas with 80% of Ar is used as protective gas, and welding is carried out under the condition that the flow rate is controlled at 20L/min;
b) and (4) performing submerged automatic arc welding to fill the cover surface, wherein the welding current is 650A, the welding voltage is 31V, the welding speed is 40cm/min, and the welding line energy is 30 KJ/cm. Controlling the interlayer temperature at 150 ℃;
the welding process is adopted to weld the mechanical properties and the weld joints of the Q370qE and Q690qENH dissimilar material bridge steel butt jointsTensile strength Rm is 773MPa, and the central impact energy of the welding seam is-40 ℃ KV2178J, Q370qE heat affected zone (1mm) -40 deg.C KV2159J, Q690qE side heat affected zone (1mm) -40 deg.C KV2＝96J。
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A Q370qE + Q690qENH composite welding butt joint method with different plate thicknesses comprises the following steps:
1) adopt Q370qE and Q690qENH xenogenesis material bridge steel, the mechanical properties characteristic is: q370qE yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 370MPa, tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 510MPa, elongation A is more than or equal to 20 percent, and-40 ℃ impact energy KV2Not less than 120J; q690qENH yield strength ReL is more than or equal to 690MPa, tensile strength Rm is more than or equal to 810MPa, elongation A is more than or equal to 14%, and impact energy KV at minus 40 DEG C2≥120J；
2) The bevel adopts an X-shaped asymmetric bevel, the angle of the deep bevel side bevel is 60 degrees, the angle of the shallow bevel side bevel is 65 degrees, and the truncated edge is 2 mm;
3) processing a bevel edge of the thick steel plate to form a transition bevel edge, so that the thicknesses of the two steel plates are consistent, and the gradient ratio of the transition bevel edge is 1: 8;
4) the welding process comprises the following steps:
a) the front side and the back side of the joint are respectively primed by gas shielded welding at two layers, the interlayer temperature is controlled to be 120-150 ℃, the welding current of the gas shielded welding is 250A, the welding voltage is 28V, the welding speed is 30cm/min, the welding line energy is 14KJ/cm, and 20 percent of CO by volume is adopted2Argon-rich gas with 80% of Ar is used as protective gas, and the gas flow is controlled to be welded under the condition of 20-25L/min;
b) and filling the cover surface by adopting automatic submerged arc welding, controlling the interlayer temperature at 120-150 ℃, and controlling the automatic submerged arc welding current to be 650A, the welding voltage to be 31V, the welding speed to be 40cm/min and the welding line energy to be 30 KJ/cm.
2. The composite welding butt joint method for Q370qE + Q690qENH with different plate thicknesses as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and when preheating, preheating the steel plate by adopting electromagnetic induction heating equipment.
3. The composite welding butt joint method for Q370qE + Q690qENH with different plate thicknesses as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gas protection welding wire respectively adopts the tensile strength of more than 630MPa, the tensile strength of more than 810MPa and the diameter of the welding wire phi of 1.2 mm.
4. The composite welding butt joint method for Q370qE + Q690qENH with different plate thicknesses as claimed in claim 1, wherein: submerged arc automatic welding, and after the optimal welding flux is matched, deposited metals respectively adopt the tensile strength of more than 630MPa, the tensile strength of more than 810MPa and the diameter phi of a welding wire of 4.0 mm.
5. The composite welding butt joint method for Q370qE + Q690qENH with different plate thicknesses as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the gas shielded welding wire for bottoming comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
C：0.071 Si：1.63
Mn：0.057 P：0.013
S：0.003 Ni：1.03
the balance being iron.
6. The composite welding butt joint method for Q370qE + Q690qENH with different plate thicknesses as claimed in any of claims 1-4, wherein: the gas shielded welding wire for bottoming comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Figure FDA0002201963520000021
7. the composite welding butt joint method for Q370qE + Q690qENH with different plate thicknesses as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the submerged arc automatic welding wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
Figure FDA0002201963520000022
Figure FDA0002201963520000031
8. the composite welding butt joint method for Q370qE + Q690qENH with different plate thicknesses as claimed in any of claims 1-4, wherein: the submerged arc automatic welding wire comprises the following components in percentage by weight:
CN201910868637.5A 2019-09-16 2019-09-16 Q370qE + Q690qENH different-plate-thickness composite welding butt joint method Pending CN110666300A (en)

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Cited By (2)

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CN113458676A (en) * 2021-08-20 2021-10-01 燕山大学 Tailor-welding method and system for tailor-welded plates with different thicknesses
CN113523507A (en) * 2021-06-15 2021-10-22 江苏中铁山桥重工有限公司 Q500qENH and Q690qENH composite welding method for bridge

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Application publication date: 20200110