CN110658857A - Method and device for verifying tracking accuracy of photovoltaic tracking system - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a verification position and a verification time of a project site of the built photovoltaic tracking system; obtaining a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment according to the verification position and the verification moment; acquiring the theoretical length and the theoretical width of a simulated shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment by utilizing a three-dimensional modeling model of the photovoltaic tracking system, a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta; acquiring the actual length and the actual width of the actual shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment; acquiring a length difference value between a theoretical length and an actual length and a width difference value between a theoretical width and an actual width; judging whether the length difference value and the width difference value are smaller than a preset value: if yes, it is accurate, otherwise, it is inaccurate. To accurately judge the tracking accuracy. The invention also discloses a device for verifying the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic tracking, in particular to a method for verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system. In addition, the invention also provides a device for verifying the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system.
Background
In recent years, with the large consumption of fossil energy, human pay more and more attention to the development and technical research and development of new energy, wherein photovoltaic power generation has been vigorously developed in recent 20 years, with the continuous innovation of technology, the electricity consumption cost of photovoltaic power generation is continuously reduced, and the electricity consumption cost of photovoltaic power generation is close to that of thermal power generation until 2019.
To enable further reduction in photovoltaic power generation cost. In recent years, people begin to try photovoltaic tracking systems, successively develop a photovoltaic flat single-axis tracking system, a photovoltaic flat oblique single-axis tracking system, a photovoltaic oblique single-axis tracking system, an azimuth single-axis tracking system and a photovoltaic double-axis tracking system in order to improve the power generation capacity with the same photovoltaic installed capacity, however, the photovoltaic tracking systems in the market are eight-door, including a passive tracking system and an active tracking system, and each manufacturer can improve the power generation capacity of the photovoltaic tracking system developed by itself, and has different opinions and conclusions, however, the photovoltaic tracking systems are in the same place, if the tracking is accurate, the obtained power generation amount increase value is a determined value, there is no inconsistency of the power generation amount increase value, therefore, in order to distinguish the advantages and disadvantages of the photovoltaic tracking system and optimize the photovoltaic tracking accuracy, a method capable of verifying the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system is urgently needed.
Therefore, how to verify the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system is a problem to be solved urgently by those skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a method for verifying the tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system, which accurately determines the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system, distinguishes the advantages and disadvantages of the photovoltaic tracking system, and optimizes the photovoltaic tracking accuracy. Another object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus for verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method of verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system, comprising:
acquiring a verification position and a verification time of a project site of the built photovoltaic tracking system;
obtaining a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment according to the verification position and the verification moment;
acquiring the theoretical length and the theoretical width of a simulated shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment by utilizing a three-dimensional modeling model of the photovoltaic tracking system, the theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or the theoretical azimuth angle beta;
acquiring the actual length and the actual width of the actual shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment;
acquiring a length difference value between the theoretical length and the actual length and a width difference value between the theoretical width and the actual width;
judging whether the length difference value and the width difference value are smaller than a preset value:
if so, then the method is accurate,
if not, it is not accurate.
Preferably, the acquiring the verification position and the verification time of the project site of the established photovoltaic tracking system comprises: and acquiring longitude, latitude and Beijing time T of the project site of the built photovoltaic tracking system.
Preferably, the obtaining of the theoretical inclination angle α and/or the theoretical azimuth angle β of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification time according to the verification position and the verification time includes:
calculating the true solar time Ts of the project corresponding to the Beijing time T:
Ts＝T+4min×(E-120)+δ，
wherein: e is the numerical value of the longitude of the project place, and delta is the difference value between the true solar time and the flat solar time corresponding to the Beijing time T;
calculating a solar time angle w and a solar declination angle theta corresponding to the real solar time Ts,
w＝(Ts-12)×15°；
calculating the solar altitude H and/or the solar azimuth a:
A＝arcsin(cosθsinw/cosh)，
wherein:
is the latitude of the project site;
calculating a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta of the photovoltaic tracking system:
α＝90°-H，β＝180°+A。
preferably, the calculating the solar time angle w and the solar declination angle θ corresponding to the true solar time Ts includes:
θ＝23.45°×sin[360×(284+N)/365]，
wherein: n is the number of days from 1 month and 1 day to the Beijing time T.
Preferably, the obtaining the theoretical length and the theoretical width of the simulated shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification time by using the three-dimensional modeling model of the photovoltaic tracking system and the theoretical inclination angle α and/or the theoretical azimuth angle β includes: and obtaining the theoretical length and the theoretical width of the simulated shadow through simulation software.
Preferably, the preset value is 5 cm.
An apparatus for verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system, comprising:
the input unit is used for inputting a verification position and a verification time of a project place of the built photovoltaic tracking system, and inputting an actual length and an actual width of an actual shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification time;
the operation unit is used for deriving a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification time according to the verification position and the verification time acquired by the input unit;
the modeling unit is used for acquiring the theoretical length and the theoretical width of a simulated shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment according to a three-dimensional modeling model of the photovoltaic tracking system, the theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or the theoretical azimuth angle beta;
a comparison unit for comparing whether the difference between the theoretical length and the actual length exceeds a preset value and whether the difference between the theoretical width and the actual width exceeds a preset value;
and the output unit is used for outputting the comparison result of the comparison module.
The invention discloses a method for verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system, which is characterized by comprising the following steps of: acquiring a verification position and a verification time of a project site of the built photovoltaic tracking system; obtaining a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment according to the verification position and the verification moment; acquiring the theoretical length and the theoretical width of a simulated shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment by utilizing a three-dimensional modeling model of the photovoltaic tracking system, a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta; acquiring the actual length and the actual width of the actual shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment; acquiring a length difference value between a theoretical length and an actual length and a width difference value between a theoretical width and an actual width; judging whether the length difference value and the width difference value are smaller than a preset value: if yes, it is accurate, otherwise, it is inaccurate. The tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system is accurately judged, the advantages and the disadvantages of the photovoltaic tracking system are distinguished, and the photovoltaic tracking accuracy is optimized.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The core of the invention is to provide a method for verifying the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system, accurately judge the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system, distinguish the advantages and disadvantages of the photovoltaic tracking system and optimize the photovoltaic tracking accuracy. Another core of the invention is to provide a device for verifying the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart illustrating a method for verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The method for verifying the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system comprises the following steps:
acquiring a verification position and a verification time of a project site of the built photovoltaic tracking system;
obtaining a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment according to the verification position and the verification moment;
acquiring the theoretical length and the theoretical width of a simulated shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment by utilizing a three-dimensional modeling model of the photovoltaic tracking system, a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta;
acquiring the actual length and the actual width of the actual shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment;
acquiring a length difference value between a theoretical length and an actual length and a width difference value between a theoretical width and an actual width;
judging whether the length difference value and the width difference value are smaller than a preset value:
if so, then the method is accurate,
if not, it is not accurate.
It should be noted that the method is applicable to a photovoltaic flat single-axis tracking system, an azimuth single-axis tracking system and a photovoltaic dual-axis tracking system, which have the east-west axial direction, and is not applicable to a flat single-axis and oblique single-axis tracking system, which have the north-south axial direction.
The obtaining of the verification position and the verification time of the project site of the photovoltaic tracking system is to determine the position of the photovoltaic tracking system to be verified and the specific verification time, and because the sun azimuth angle and the sun altitude angle corresponding to different sites at the same time are different and the sun azimuth angle and the sun altitude angle corresponding to the same site at different times are also different, the verification position and the verification time of the project site of the photovoltaic tracking system need to be determined at the same time.
Obtaining the theoretical inclination angle α and/or the theoretical azimuth angle β of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification time according to the verification position and the verification time means determining according to different photovoltaic tracking systems, because tracking modes of different photovoltaic tracking systems are different, the theoretical inclination angle α and/or the theoretical azimuth angle β of the photovoltaic tracking system corresponding to the verification time can be calculated according to needs.
For example, when verifying the accuracy of the photovoltaic dual-axis tracking system, it is necessary to calculate the theoretical inclination angle α and the theoretical azimuth angle β of the photovoltaic tracking system corresponding to the verification time at the same time, and when verifying the azimuth single-axis tracking system, it is only necessary to calculate the theoretical azimuth angle β of the azimuth single-axis tracking system corresponding to the verification time. So as to obtain the theoretical length and the theoretical width of the simulated shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment in the follow-up process according to the three-dimensional modeling model of the photovoltaic tracking system, the theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or the theoretical azimuth angle beta.
Then, whether the tracking of the photovoltaic tracking system is accurate is judged according to the difference value between the theoretical length and the actual length and the difference value between the theoretical width and the actual width, namely whether the difference value between the length and the width is smaller than a preset value is judged: if yes, it is accurate, otherwise, it is inaccurate.
It should be noted that the obtained theoretical inclination angle α of the photovoltaic tracking system should be within the inclination angle range of the photovoltaic tracking system, and if the designed inclination angle of the photovoltaic tracking system does not reach the theoretical inclination angle α, it should be determined whether the actual inclination angle of the photovoltaic tracking system is the limit value close to the theoretical inclination angle α; correspondingly, the azimuth angle of the photovoltaic tracking system can be positive north to 0 °, clockwise to positive, and counterclockwise to negative, the theoretical azimuth angle β of the photovoltaic tracking system should be within the azimuth angle range of the photovoltaic tracking system, and if the design azimuth angle of the photovoltaic tracking system does not reach the theoretical azimuth angle β, it should be determined whether the actual azimuth angle of the photovoltaic tracking system is the limit value close to the theoretical azimuth angle β.
On the basis of the foregoing embodiment, in consideration of the specific determination manner of the verification position and the verification time, preferably, the acquiring the verification position and the verification time of the project site of the photovoltaic tracking system includes: and acquiring longitude, latitude and Beijing time T of the project site of the built photovoltaic tracking system. So as to calculate the theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or the theoretical azimuth angle beta of the photovoltaic tracking system at the Beijing time T according to the longitude and latitude of the project and the Beijing time T.
Based on the foregoing embodiment, in view of a specific manner of obtaining the theoretical inclination angle α and/or the theoretical azimuth angle β, preferably, obtaining the theoretical inclination angle α and/or the theoretical azimuth angle β of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification time according to the verification position and the verification time includes:
calculating the true solar time Ts corresponding to the Beijing time T in a project place:
Ts＝T+4min×(E-120)+δ，
wherein: e is the longitude numerical value of the project, and delta is the difference value between the true solar time and the flat solar time corresponding to the Beijing time T;
calculating the solar time angle w and the solar declination angle theta corresponding to the real solar time Ts,
w＝(Ts-12)×15°；
calculating the solar altitude H and/or the solar azimuth a:
wherein:
is the latitude of the project;
calculating a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta of the photovoltaic tracking system:
α＝90°-H，β＝180°+A。
wherein, the difference value between the real sun time and the flat sun time can be obtained by checking the difference value table between the real sun time and the flat sun time.
In addition to the above embodiments, in consideration of various calculation methods of the solar declination angle θ, it is preferable that the calculating of the solar angle w and the solar declination angle θ corresponding to the true solar time Ts includes:
θ ═ 23.45 ° x sin [360 × (284+ N)/365], where: n is the number of days from 1 month and 1 day to Beijing time T.
In this embodiment, in order to calculate the solar declination angle θ, an approximation algorithm is adopted, and of course, other manners may also be adopted to calculate the solar declination angle θ, for example:
the formula I is as follows:
θ＝0.006918-0.399912*cos(b)+0.0070257*sin(b)-0.006758*cos(2*b)+0.000907*sin(2*b)-0.002697*cos(3*b)+0.00148*sin(3*b)
the formula II is as follows: sin θ 0.39795cos [0.98563(N-173) ]
Wherein θ is in degrees; b 2 x pi (N-1)/365 in radians; pi is the circumference ratio; n is the number of days, counted from 1 month and 1 day per year.
On the basis of the above embodiment, obtaining the theoretical length and the theoretical width of the simulated shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification time by using the three-dimensional modeling model of the photovoltaic tracking system and the theoretical inclination angle α and/or the theoretical azimuth angle β includes: and obtaining the theoretical length and the theoretical width of the simulated shadow through simulation software.
The simulation software can be google sketchup software, a three-dimensional modeling model shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment is formed by utilizing the time sunshine shadow function of the google sketchup software, and measurement is carried out to simulate the theoretical length and the theoretical width of the shadow.
On the basis of the above embodiment, considering that the finally obtained length difference value and width difference value need to be compared with a preset value to judge whether the tracking of the photovoltaic tracking system is accurate, the preferred preset value is 5 cm. Namely, the length and width error of the actual shadow and the simulated shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system of the actual project is within 5 centimeters, namely the tracking is considered to be accurate.
In addition, because the measuring time cannot be accurate to seconds, the photovoltaic tracking system cannot track every second, and the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic horizontal single-axis tracking system (the axial direction is the east-west direction), the azimuth single-axis tracking system and the photovoltaic double-axis tracking system can be judged through multi-time measurement verification.
In order to conveniently explain the method for verifying the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system, the method is explained by taking the example that the photovoltaic double-axis tracking system at a certain place of Harbin needs to verify the tracking accuracy of the tracking system: the longitude and the latitude of the project are 126.541745 and 45.80899, and the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system at 10 am on 1 month and 1 morning on 2019 Beijing of the project is verified.
The first step is as follows: calculating the average sun time of the item, namely 10 + 4X (126.54174545-120 degrees), 10 +26.167 + 10, 26 min 10 s;
the second step is that: inquiring a real solar time and average solar time difference table, and checking that the time difference between the 1 st day average solar time and the real solar time is-3 minutes 9 seconds, so that the real solar time corresponding to the 1 st 10 th point in 2019 of the Haerbin photovoltaic tracking system item is 10 hours, 23 minutes and 1 second;
the third step: calculating the time angle w of the Harbin project, 10 hours, 23 minutes, 1 second and approximately equal to 10.4334,
w＝(10.4334-12)×15°≈-24°；
the fourth step: calculating the declination angle theta of the Harbin project:
θ＝23.45°×sin[360×(284+1)/365]≈-23°。
the fifth step: calculating the sun altitude H of the Harbin project:
and a sixth step: calculating the sun azimuth angle beta of the Harbin project:
A＝arcsin(cosδsinw/cosh)＝-23°；
the seventh step: calculating the theoretical inclination angle alpha of the photovoltaic double-axis tracking system component array of the Harbin project,
α＝90°-h＝72°；
eighth step: calculating the theoretical azimuth angle beta of the array of the components of the photovoltaic biaxial tracking system of the Harbin project,
β＝180°+A＝157°；
the ninth step: and according to the calculated theoretical azimuth angle 157 degrees of the front surface of the component and the theoretical inclination angle 72 degrees of the component, introducing google sketchup software, carrying out three-dimensional modeling on the photovoltaic component square matrix, forming the photovoltaic square matrix shadow at the verification moment by utilizing the time shadow function of the software, and measuring.
A Harbin biaxial tracking system (a 280W component 36 block is adopted, the component size is 1650mm multiplied by 990mm multiplied by 40mm, and the central height of a stand column is 5 m) is obtained through three-dimensional modeling, the project ground tolerance is 126.541745, the latitude is 45.80899, the shadow length and width are 21898mm multiplied by 9070mm under the condition that the tracking of a photovoltaic tracking system is accurate when the shadow length and width of an actual tracking system is matched at the moment when the tracking of the photovoltaic tracking system is accurate when the 1 month, 1 morning and 10 hours in the Beijing are 2019, and the tracking is inaccurate and needs to be optimized and adjusted if the shadow size exceeds 5 cm.
In addition to the method for verifying the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system, the present invention also provides an apparatus for verifying the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system, comprising:
the input unit is used for inputting the verification position and the verification time of a project place of the built photovoltaic tracking system and inputting the actual length and the actual width of an actual shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification time;
the operation unit is used for deriving a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification time according to the verification position and the verification time acquired by the input unit;
the modeling unit is used for acquiring the theoretical length and the theoretical width of a simulated shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment according to the three-dimensional modeling model of the photovoltaic tracking system, the theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or the theoretical azimuth angle beta;
the comparison unit is used for comparing whether the difference value between the theoretical length and the actual length exceeds a preset value or not and comparing whether the difference value between the theoretical width and the actual width exceeds the preset value or not;
and the output unit is used for outputting the comparison result of the comparison module.
The embodiments in the present description are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
The method and the device for verifying the tracking accuracy of the photovoltaic tracking system provided by the invention are described in detail above. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method of verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system, comprising:
acquiring a verification position and a verification time of a project site of the built photovoltaic tracking system;
obtaining a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment according to the verification position and the verification moment;
acquiring the theoretical length and the theoretical width of a simulated shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment by utilizing a three-dimensional modeling model of the photovoltaic tracking system, the theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or the theoretical azimuth angle beta;
acquiring the actual length and the actual width of the actual shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment;
acquiring a length difference value between the theoretical length and the actual length and a width difference value between the theoretical width and the actual width;
judging whether the length difference value and the width difference value are smaller than a preset value:
if so, then the method is accurate,
if not, it is not accurate.
2. The method for verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the obtaining the verification location and the verification time of the project site of the established photovoltaic tracking system comprises: and acquiring longitude, latitude and Beijing time T of the project site of the built photovoltaic tracking system.
3. The method for verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system as claimed in claim 2, wherein said deriving a theoretical inclination angle α and/or a theoretical azimuth angle β of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification time from the verification position and the verification time comprises:
calculating the true solar time Ts of the project corresponding to the Beijing time T:
Ts＝T+4min×(E-120)+δ，
wherein: e is the numerical value of the longitude of the project place, and delta is the difference value between the true solar time and the flat solar time corresponding to the Beijing time T;
calculating a solar time angle w and a solar declination angle theta corresponding to the real solar time Ts,
w＝(Ts-12)×15°；
calculating the solar altitude H and/or the solar azimuth a:
wherein:is the latitude of the project site;
calculating a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta of the photovoltaic tracking system:
α＝90°-H，β＝180°+A。
4. the method of verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system as claimed in claim 3, wherein said calculating a solar time angle w and a solar declination angle θ corresponding to said true solar time Ts comprises:
θ＝23.45°×sin[360×(284+N)/365]，
wherein: n is the number of days from 1 month and 1 day to the Beijing time T.
5. The method for verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining a theoretical length and a theoretical width of a simulated shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verifying time by using a three-dimensional modeling model of the photovoltaic tracking system, the theoretical inclination angle α and/or the theoretical azimuth angle β comprises: and obtaining the theoretical length and the theoretical width of the simulated shadow through simulation software.
6. The method of verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein said preset value is 5 cm.
7. An apparatus for verifying tracking accuracy of a photovoltaic tracking system, comprising:
the input unit is used for inputting a verification position and a verification time of a project place of the built photovoltaic tracking system, and inputting an actual length and an actual width of an actual shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification time;
the operation unit is used for deriving a theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or a theoretical azimuth angle beta of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification time according to the verification position and the verification time acquired by the input unit;
the modeling unit is used for acquiring the theoretical length and the theoretical width of a simulated shadow of the photovoltaic tracking system at the verification moment according to a three-dimensional modeling model of the photovoltaic tracking system, the theoretical inclination angle alpha and/or the theoretical azimuth angle beta;
a comparison unit for comparing whether the difference between the theoretical length and the actual length exceeds a preset value and whether the difference between the theoretical width and the actual width exceeds a preset value;
and the output unit is used for outputting the comparison result of the comparison module.
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