CN110658106A - Aluminum alloy fluidity detection device and method - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy fluidity detection device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN110658106A CN110658106A CN201911038564.3A CN201911038564A CN110658106A CN 110658106 A CN110658106 A CN 110658106A CN 201911038564 A CN201911038564 A CN 201911038564A CN 110658106 A CN110658106 A CN 110658106A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting performance detection, in particular to an aluminum alloy fluidity detection device and method1:Y2… … Yn-1: Yn; method for detecting fluidity of aluminum alloy by measuring branch length L of sample with length measuring device1,L2… … Ln, calculating flow index ∑ k1L1+k2L2+……knLnWherein k is1‑knIs a weight coefficient, and k1＝Yn,k2＝Yn‑1……kn＝Y1The higher the flow index is, the better the fluidity of the aluminum alloy is, and the device and the measuring method can judge and evaluate the fluidity more accurately and quantitatively.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aluminum alloy casting performance detection, in particular to a device and a method for detecting aluminum alloy fluidity.
Background
Solidification of aluminum alloys involves atom transfer at the solid-liquid interface, interface structure to interface stability and solute redistribution, and also involves the growth of the structure, from cellular and dendritic growth to peritectic, eutectic growth and tissue solidification, which is a complex process involving physico-chemical, metallurgical, growth kinetics. In the process of condensing the liquid metal poured into the casting mold, if the solidification sequence cannot be reasonably controlled, the defects of shrinkage cavity, shrinkage porosity, casting stress, deformation, cracks and the like can occur in the product, and the product quality is reduced.
At present, a technical means for detecting and analyzing the fluidity, which is one of the standard aluminum alloy solidification behavior indexes, is not developed, and because the solidification behavior cannot be accurately judged, identified and mastered in the industry and scientific investigation means are lacked, the understanding of the casting process and the design of the process scheme in the industry year are mainly based on the experience and trial production of field workers for a long time, so that the adverse effects of unstable process, prolonged quality period, increased investment cost and the like are caused. The most important influence is that the product quality is unreliable, and the requirements for establishing the improved technical support and data of the production process more accurately cannot be met. The measurement is carried out by casting a standard spiral sample. The method generally adopts a sand mold, the curvature of a runner is gradually increased, the local resistance loss is increased along with the increase of the flow, and the on-way resistance loss is larger, so that the flowing condition change is larger, and the method is not suitable for the alloy with a narrower crystallization temperature range. Meanwhile, due to the casting mold and the casting conditions, the consistency is difficult to ensure during casting, and particularly, the influence of the casting speed on the result stability is large. In addition, the national environmental protection is emphasized, and the manufacture of the flowing sand mold is also limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for detecting the fluidity of an aluminum alloy, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art and can judge and evaluate the fluidity more accurately and quantitatively.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the first technical scheme is as follows:
the utility model provides an aluminum alloy mobility detection device which characterized in that: the device comprises a pouring cavity, an upper cavity, a lower cavity, a pouring funnel and a length measuring device;
the pouring cavity is provided with a pouring hole, the pouring funnel is placed in the pouring hole through clearance fit, and the lower end surfaces of the pouring cavity and the upper cavity are provided with grooves which are matched with the lower cavity after being positioned by a positioning pin;
the upper surface of the lower cavity is sequentially provided with splitter boxes with the same length and sequentially increased cross-sectional area, the cross-sectional shape is inverted trapezoid or semicircular, and the cross-sectional area is Y from small to large1:Y2:……Yn-1:Yn；
Thermocouples are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the lower cavity; the central connecting line of the thermocouples at two sides is perpendicular to the axis of the diversion trench and is far away from the pouring end, and the thermocouples at two sides are arranged between the diversion trench and the lower end surface of the lower cavity and are close to the diversion trench;
and a graphite rod for plugging a round hole at the bottom of the pouring funnel is arranged in the pouring funnel.
Preferably, the length measuring device is arranged on the upper surface of the lower cavity.
Preferably, the length measuring device is provided separately from the lower cavity.
Preferably, a first handle is arranged on the side surface of the pouring cavity, and a second handle is arranged on the upper end surface of the upper cavity;
preferably, the thermocouple measurement point resolution is 0.1 ℃.
Preferably, the diversion trench comprises a first diversion trench, a second diversion trench, a third diversion trench, a fourth diversion trench and a fifth diversion trench.
Preferably, the inner wall of the pouring funnel (2) is provided with weight scale marks.
The second technical scheme is as follows:
an aluminum alloy fluidity detection device and method comprises the following steps:
1) treating a standard sample aluminum liquid with the same type as a sample to be detected to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid meets the pouring requirement of 600-800 ℃; spraying paint on a detection device, inserting a thermocouple, and preheating to a specified temperature of 100 ℃;
2) stably injecting the aluminum liquid prepared in the step 1) into the pouring funnel, pulling off the graphite rod blocked in the pouring funnel after pouring to a set scale mark, injecting the aluminum liquid into a shunting groove formed in the lower cavity from the pouring funnel, and curing and forming to prepare a fluidity sample;
3) measuring the length of each branch of the sample in the step 2) by using a length measuring device, wherein the branch lengths of the cross sections of the splitter boxes from small to large are L in sequence1、L2… … Ln in mm;
4) multiplying each branch length of the sample obtained in the step 3) by a corresponding weight coefficient to obtain a total flow index ∑ k1L1+k2L2+……knLnWherein k is1-knIs a weight coefficient, and k1＝Yn,k2＝Yn-1…… kn＝Y1(ii) a Calculating to obtain the flow index sigma of the standard sampleSign board；
5) Taking a sample to be tested, carrying out the same operation as the steps 1) -4), and calculating to obtain a flow index sigma and a standard sample flow index sigmaSign boardBy contrast, a higher fluidity index indicates a better fluidity of the aluminum alloy.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
1. the measuring device has a reasonable structure, and can ensure the accuracy of measurement to the maximum extent; the splitter box with different cross-sectional areas is more suitable for aluminum alloy detection, is not limited by the physical characteristics and crystallization characteristics of aluminum alloy, and can more accurately simulate the actual casting condition;
2. the branch weight coefficients of the cross-sectional area of the splitter box are different from small to large, so that the fluidity can be measured and judged more accurately.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of a detection device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the detecting device;
FIG. 3 is a left side view of the detecting device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the length measuring device;
the casting device comprises a graphite rod 1, a casting hopper 2, a casting cavity 3, a thermocouple 4, an upper cavity 5, a lower cavity 6, a shunt groove 7, a first shunt groove 701, a second shunt groove 702, a third shunt groove 703, a fourth shunt groove 704, a fifth shunt groove 705, a first handle 8, a positioning pin 9 and a second handle 10; 11-length measuring device.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides an aluminum alloy fluidity detecting apparatus, which includes a pouring cavity 3, an upper cavity 5, a lower cavity 6, a pouring funnel 2 and a length measuring device 11; the pouring cavity 3 is provided with a pouring hole, the pouring funnel 2 is placed in the pouring hole through clearance fit, the lower end surfaces of the pouring cavity 3 and the upper cavity 5 are provided with grooves, and the grooves are matched with the lower cavity 6 after being positioned by the positioning pin 9; the upper surface of the lower cavity 6 is sequentially provided with shunting grooves 7 with the same length and sequentially increased cross sectional areas, each shunting groove 7 comprises a first shunting groove 701, a second shunting groove 702, a third shunting groove 703, a fourth shunting groove 704 and a fifth shunting groove 705, the cross sections of the shunting grooves are inverted trapezoids or semi-circles, and the cross sectional area ratio of the shunting grooves is 1:1.5:2:3.5: 5; the splitter boxes with different cross-sectional area ratios are used, so that the detected fluidity condition of the aluminum alloy is closer to the actual casting condition.
Detecting the flowability of A356 cast aluminum alloy:
1) selecting an A356 cast aluminum alloy standard sample, wherein the contents of all elements are as follows: 6.5 to 7.0 percent of Si, 0.25 to 0.45 percent of Mg0.25, 0.05 to 0.15 percent of Fe0.05 to 0.10 percent of Ti0.05 to 0.030 percent of Sr0.010 to 0.030 percent of Fe; melting the standard sample at high temperature to obtain a standard sample aluminum liquid, wherein the temperature of the aluminum liquid meets the casting requirement of 720 ℃; spraying paint on a detection device, inserting a thermocouple, and preheating to a specified temperature of 100 ℃; the purpose of spraying the coating is to facilitate demoulding, and is a conventional means in the casting process in the field of alloy smelting, and details are not repeated herein.
2) Stably injecting the aluminum liquid prepared in the step 1) into a pouring funnel 2, pouring the aluminum liquid to be level with 2KG scales according to the scales marked in the pouring funnel, pulling off a graphite rod, injecting the graphite rod into a diversion channel 7 arranged in a lower cavity 6 through the pouring funnel 2, and curing and forming to prepare a fluidity sample;
3) measuring the branch lengths of the samples in the step 2) by using a length measuring device 11, wherein the branch lengths of the diversion channels 701-705 are L in sequence1、L2、L3、L4、L5In mm;
4) multiplying the branch length of each sample obtained in the step 3) by the pairThe weight coefficients are applied to obtain a sum of flow indices ∑ k1L1+k2L2+K3L3+K4L4+K5L5Wherein k is1-k 55, 3.5, 2, 1.5, 1, respectively; calculating to obtain the flow index sigma of the standard sampleSign boardThe specific data are as follows:
5) taking the contents of Si 7.0-7.5%, Mg0.25-0.45%, Fe0.05-0.15%, Ti0.10-0.15% and Sr0.010-0.030% of the elements of the sample to be detected, carrying out the same operation as the steps 1) -4), and calculating to obtain the flow index sigma, wherein the specific data are as follows:
fluidity index Sigma of standard sampleSign boardBy contrast, a higher fluidity index indicates a better fluidity of the aluminum alloy.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 1 to 4, the present embodiment provides an aluminum alloy fluidity detecting apparatus, which includes a pouring cavity 3, an upper cavity 5, a lower cavity 6, a pouring funnel 2 and a length measuring device 11; the pouring cavity 3 is provided with a pouring hole, the pouring funnel 2 is placed in the pouring hole through clearance fit, the lower end surfaces of the pouring cavity 3 and the upper cavity 5 are provided with grooves, and the grooves are matched with the lower cavity 6 after being positioned by the positioning pin 9; the upper surface of the lower cavity 6 is sequentially provided with shunting grooves 7 with the same length and sequentially increased cross sectional areas, each shunting groove 7 comprises a first shunting groove 701, a second shunting groove 702, a third shunting groove 703, a fourth shunting groove 704 and a fifth shunting groove 705, the cross sections of the shunting grooves are inverted trapezoids or semi-circles, and the cross sectional area ratios of the shunting grooves are 1, 1.5, 2, 3.5 and 5 respectively; the splitter boxes with different cross-sectional area ratios are used, so that the detected fluidity condition of the aluminum alloy is closer to the actual casting condition.
Detecting the flowability of the ADC12 cast aluminum alloy:
1) selecting an ADC12 cast aluminum alloy standard sample, wherein the content of each element is Si 9.5-10.5%, Cu 1.5-2.5%, Fe 0.60-0.80%, Ti 0.05-0.15%, Mg0.20-0.30%, and Mn 0.20-0.30%, and melting the standard sample at a high temperature to obtain a standard sample aluminum liquid, so that the temperature of the aluminum liquid meets the casting requirement of 700 ℃; spraying paint on a detection device, inserting a thermocouple, and preheating to a specified temperature of 100 ℃; the purpose of spraying the coating is to facilitate demoulding, and is a conventional means in the casting process in the field of alloy smelting, and details are not repeated herein.
2) Stably injecting the aluminum liquid prepared in the step 1) into a pouring funnel 2, pouring the aluminum liquid to be level with 2KG scales according to the scales marked in the pouring funnel, pulling off a graphite rod, injecting the graphite rod into a diversion channel 7 arranged in a lower cavity 6 through the pouring funnel 2, and curing and forming to prepare a fluidity sample;
3) measuring the branch lengths of the samples in the step 2) by using a length measuring device 11, wherein the branch lengths of the diversion channels 701-705 are L in sequence1、L2、L3、L4、L5；
4) Multiplying each branch length of the sample obtained in the step 3) by a corresponding weight coefficient to obtain a total flow index ∑ k1L1+k2L2+K3L3+K4L4+K5L5Wherein k is1-k 55, 3.5, 2, 1.5, 1, respectively; calculating to obtain the flow index sigma of the standard sampleSign boardThe specific data are as follows:
5) taking the content of each element of a sample to be tested, namely, 10.5-11.5 percent of Si, 2.5-3.5 percent of Cu, 0.60-0.80 percent of Fe, 0.05-0.15 percent of Ti, 0.20-0.30 percent of Mg0.20-0.30 percent of Mn. And performing the same operation as the steps 1) -4), and calculating to obtain a flow index sigma, wherein the specific data are as follows:
fluidity index Sigma of standard sampleSign boardBy contrast, a higher fluidity index indicates a better fluidity of the aluminum alloy.
Example three:
the present embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in that the length measuring device 11 is provided separately from the lower cavity 6, and the measurement result is the same as that of the first embodiment.
Example four:
the present embodiment is different from the second embodiment only in that the length measuring device 11 is provided separately from the lower cavity 6, and the measurement results are the same as those of the second embodiment.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides an aluminum alloy mobility detection device which characterized in that: the device comprises a pouring cavity (3), an upper cavity (5), a lower cavity (6), a pouring funnel (2) and a length measuring device (11);
the pouring cavity (3) is provided with a pouring hole, the pouring funnel (2) is placed in the pouring hole in a clearance fit manner, and grooves are formed in the lower end faces of the pouring cavity (3) and the upper cavity (5) and are matched with the lower cavity (6) after being positioned by a positioning pin (9);
the upper surface of the lower cavity (6) is sequentially provided with a splitter box (7) with the same length and sequentially increased cross-sectional area, the cross-sectional shape is inverted trapezoid or semicircular, and the cross-sectional area is Y from small to large1:Y2:……Yn-1:Yn；
Thermocouples (4) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the lower cavity (6); the central connecting line of the thermocouples (4) at the two sides is perpendicular to the axis of the shunt groove (7) and is far away from the pouring end, and the thermocouples (4) at the two sides are arranged between the shunt groove (7) and the lower end surface of the lower cavity (6) and are close to the shunt groove (7);
the pouring funnel (2) is internally provided with a graphite rod (1) for plugging a round hole at the bottom of the pouring funnel (2).
2. The aluminum alloy fluidity detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length measuring device (11) is arranged on the upper surface of the lower cavity (6).
3. The aluminum alloy fluidity detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length measuring device (11) is arranged separately from the lower cavity (6).
4. The aluminum alloy fluidity detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the side of the pouring cavity (3) is provided with a first handle (8), and the upper end face of the upper cavity (5) is provided with a second handle (10).
5. The aluminum alloy fluidity detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the thermocouple measurement point resolution was 0.1 ℃.
6. The aluminum alloy fluidity detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the diversion trench (7) comprises a first diversion trench (701), a second diversion trench (702), a third diversion trench (703), a fourth diversion trench (704) and a fifth diversion trench (705).
7. The aluminum alloy fluidity detecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the inner wall of the pouring funnel (2) is provided with weight scale marks.
8. A method for the fluidity test of an aluminum alloy by using the test apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
1) treating a standard sample aluminum liquid with the same type as a sample to be detected to ensure that the temperature of the aluminum liquid meets the casting requirement of 600-800 ℃; spraying paint on a detection device, inserting a thermocouple, and preheating to a specified temperature of 100 ℃;
2) stably injecting the aluminum liquid prepared in the step 1) into the pouring funnel (2), pulling out the graphite rod (1) blocked in the pouring funnel (2) after pouring to a set scale mark, injecting the aluminum liquid into a shunting groove (7) formed in the lower cavity (6) through the pouring funnel (2), and curing and forming to obtain a fluidity sample;
3) measuring the branch lengths of the samples in the step 2) by using a length measuring device (11), wherein the branch lengths of the cross sections of the splitter boxes (7) from small to large are L in sequence1、L2… … Ln in mm;
4) multiplying each branch length of the sample obtained in the step 3) by a corresponding weight coefficient to obtain a total flow index ∑ k1L1+k2L2+……knLnWherein k is1-knIs a weight coefficient, and k1＝Yn,k2＝Yn-1……kn＝Y1(ii) a Calculating to obtain the flow index sigma of the standard sampleSign board；
5) Taking a sample to be tested, carrying out the same operation as the steps 1) -4), and calculating to obtain a flow index sigma and a standard sample flow index sigmaSign boardBy contrast, a higher fluidity index indicates a better fluidity of the aluminum alloy.
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Cited By (2)
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| CN112102896A (en) * | 2020-08-07 | 2020-12-18 | 上海交通大学 | Alloy component optimization method and equipment for improving fluidity of cast high-temperature alloy |
| CN114833316A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-08-02 | 中信戴卡股份有限公司 | Aluminum alloy fluidity detection device and method |
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Application publication date: 20200107 |