CN110657768A - Method for measuring axial and radial displacements of rotor by utilizing conical surface - Google Patents

Method for measuring axial and radial displacements of rotor by utilizing conical surface Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110657768A
CN110657768A CN201911031375.3A CN201911031375A CN110657768A CN 110657768 A CN110657768 A CN 110657768A CN 201911031375 A CN201911031375 A CN 201911031375A CN 110657768 A CN110657768 A CN 110657768A
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China
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displacement
measuring
rotor
axial
radial
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CN201911031375.3A
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CN110657768B (en
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孙岩桦
王璐
田中梁
刘晨阳
杨涛
吴鹏飞
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Leitz Intelligent Equipment Guangdong Co ltd
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B21/00—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant
    • G01B21/02—Measuring arrangements or details thereof, where the measuring technique is not covered by the other groups of this subclass, unspecified or not relevant for measuring length, width, or thickness

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Measurement Of Length, Angles, Or The Like Using Electric Or Magnetic Means (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)

Abstract

A method for measuring axial and radial displacement of a rotor by utilizing a conical surface comprises the steps of firstly processing a conical measuring surface coaxial with the rotor on the rotor, then arranging a plurality of displacement measuring devices around the conical measuring surface and perpendicular to the conical measuring surface, measuring the relative displacement between the conical measuring surface and each displacement measuring device by each displacement measuring device, and finally processing the relative displacement output by all the displacement measuring devices to obtain the axial and radial displacement of the rotor during movement; the invention can simultaneously measure the radial displacement and the axial displacement of the rotor, and has the advantages of large measuring range, wide linear range, easy implementation and strong applicability.

Description

Method for measuring axial and radial displacements of rotor by utilizing conical surface
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rotor axial and radial displacement measurement, in particular to a method for measuring rotor axial and radial displacement by utilizing a conical surface.
Background
At present, the axial displacement and the radial displacement of most rotors are measured respectively, and a sensor for measuring the radial displacement is generally arranged on the side surface of the rotor and directly measures the rotary surface along the radial direction; the axial displacement of the rotor is directly measured by detecting the displacement of one end face of the rotor by an axially mounted sensor. However, in some cases, the axial space of the rotor system is limited, or the rotor structure is special, so that the sensor cannot be installed in the axial direction, and therefore, various methods for measuring the axial displacement by installing the displacement sensor in the radial direction are proposed. In some methods, a special lantern ring is fixed on a rotating shaft, the lantern ring is composed of two different materials which are arranged in a segmented mode along the axial direction, a probe of a sensor is aligned to the junction of the two materials during measurement, when axial displacement is generated, the area ratio of the different materials in the sensing range of the probe changes, and due to the fact that the different materials have different impedances on coils of the probe, the output voltage of the sensor changes, and therefore the axial displacement is represented. The method has the disadvantages that the auxiliary device is difficult to manufacture, the requirement on the installation position of the sensor is strict, and the junction needs to be aligned strictly; the range is very limited, and if the boundary deviates from the induction range, the detection cannot be carried out; transitions between different materials are involved, resulting in poor linearity of the measurement.
In another method, a step surface is processed on the rotor, the sensor probe is aligned to the step, and when the rotor generates axial displacement, the acting area directly opposite to the sensor probe is changed, so that the output voltage of the sensor is changed, and the axial displacement can be obtained after conversion. The method is essentially similar to the former method, but the process of manufacturing the lantern ring is omitted, and the problems of high installation requirement and limited measuring range are not improved; the linearity can be improved by the differential principle, but the additional addition of sensors brings about an increase in cost.
Also, it is proposed to replace the step surface with a conical surface, where the sensor is mounted perpendicular to the rotor axis, and where the conical surface moves closer to or further away from the probe when axial displacement occurs, i.e. the distance from the probe to the conical surface contains an axial displacement component. Because the conical surface is a continuous surface, the range is increased compared with a step surface, and the installation position of the sensor is not strictly required, but the inclined surface is detected by the inclined angle instead of the opposite angle, so that the use requirement set by the sensor is not met, and the measurement accuracy and the linearity are influenced; in order to decouple the axial displacement from the direct measurement, an additional sensor for measuring the radial displacement is required. In addition, in all the methods, some indirect quantity is selected for measurement, the sensitivity needs to be calibrated again through an experiment, and the error of the calibration experiment further influences the measurement precision.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for measuring the axial displacement and the radial displacement of a rotor by utilizing a conical surface, which can simultaneously measure the radial displacement and the axial displacement of the rotor, and has the advantages of large measuring range, wide linear range, easy implementation and strong applicability.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method of measuring rotor axial and radial displacements using conical surfaces, comprising the steps of:
the rotor is firstly provided with a conical measuring surface, a plurality of displacement measuring devices are arranged around the conical measuring surface, each displacement measuring device measures the relative displacement of the conical measuring surface and the displacement measuring device, and the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the rotor during the motion are obtained by processing the output of all the displacement measuring devices.
The cone-shaped measuring surface is coaxial with the rotor, and the displacement measuring device is arranged perpendicular to the cone-shaped measuring surface.
The displacement measuring device is a non-contact displacement sensor.
The number of the displacement measuring devices is even, and the displacement measuring devices are in a group of two and at least four.
At least two displacement measuring devices pass through the measuring plane of the rotor axis, and two displacement measuring devices are arranged in each measuring plane to measure the displacement change of the rotor in the plane relative to the displacement measuring devices.
And adding the displacement changes measured by the two displacement measuring devices in each measuring plane to obtain axial displacement components, and subtracting the axial displacement components to obtain radial displacement components.
And calculating the radial displacement components obtained in each measuring plane to obtain the radial displacement of the rotor on the conical measuring plane in two vertical directions.
The sensitivity of the axial displacement and the radial displacement measurement is obtained by the sensitivity of each displacement measuring device and the angle conversion of the conical measuring surface.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the conventional method that a sensor detects a step surface or detects a conical surface at an inclined angle, the method can simultaneously measure the radial displacement and the axial displacement of the rotor and has the following advantages that: the detection amount is reasonably selected, the general use requirements of the non-contact sensor are met, and the measurement precision is ensured; the measuring range is large, and the linear range is wide; the sensitivity of the sensor is not changed, and the recalibration is not needed; the method for converting the detected quantity into the rotor displacement is simpler.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the arrangement of a sensor in measuring a cross section in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the arrangement of the sensors in two measurement sections in example 2.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
Embodiment 1, as shown in fig. 1, a method for measuring axial and radial displacements of a rotor by using a conical surface, first machining a conical measurement surface 3 on the rotor, and then symmetrically arranging a first non-contact displacement sensor 1 and a second non-contact displacement sensor 2 in a cross section passing through an axis of the rotor, wherein installation axes of the first non-contact displacement sensor 1 and the second non-contact displacement sensor 2 are perpendicular to an outer surface of the conical measurement surface 3; the specific type of the non-contact displacement sensor is not limited, and the non-contact displacement sensor can be of various types such as an eddy current type, an inductive type, a capacitive type or a photoelectric type; the non-contact displacement sensor can be an integrated sensor with a measuring probe and a signal processing unit integrated together, or can be a split sensor with the two independent, and if the sensor is a split sensor, the first non-contact displacement sensor 1 and the second non-contact displacement sensor 2 in the figure are respectively referred to as the measuring probe.
When the rotor generates axial displacement Δ Z and radial displacement Δ X, in the linear working range of the non-contact displacement sensor, the output voltages of the first non-contact displacement sensor 1 and the second non-contact displacement sensor 2 are respectively:
Ux1＝U10+kΔx1
Ux2＝U20+kΔx2
wherein U is10、U20Is the initial output voltage, Delta, of two non-contact displacement sensors determined by the initial installation positionx1、Δx2The vertical distance change between the two non-contact displacement sensor probes and the conical measuring surface 3 is shown, and k is the sensitivity of the non-contact displacement sensor; the perpendicular distance delta between the two non-contact displacement sensor probes and the conical measuring surface 3x1、Δx2It can be expressed in terms of the axial and radial displacements Δ X, Δ Z of the rotor and the angle θ of the cone measuring surface 3:
Δx1＝ΔZcosθ-ΔXsinθ
ΔX2＝ΔZcosθ+ΔXsinθ
then, the two output signals of the non-contact displacement sensor are respectively added and subtracted to obtain:
ΔUx＝Ux1-Ux2＝U10-U20+2ksinθΔX
ΔUz＝Ux1+Ux2＝U10+U20+2kcosθΔZ
thus, the radial displacement output delta U of the rotor is obtainedxAnd sensitivity 2ksin theta, and axial displacement output delta UzAnd sensitivity 2kcos θ, and initial voltage U10、U20Only the initial installation position of the rotor is determined, and the measurement of the axial displacement and the radial displacement is not influenced.
Embodiment 2, a plurality of measuring sections can be arranged on the same cone surface in the same way as in the above embodiments to measure the axial and radial displacements of the rotor in different sections. FIG. 2 shows two mutually perpendicular measurementsIn one embodiment of the cross section measuring device, the first non-contact displacement sensor 1 and the second non-contact displacement sensor 2 measure the displacement output delta U of the rotor in the radial direction xxAnd axial displacement Δ Uz1The third non-contact displacement sensor 4 and the fourth non-contact displacement sensor 5 measure the displacement output delta U of the rotor in the radial y directionyAnd axial displacement Δ Uz2Two axial displacements Δ Uz1And Δ Uz2The signal can be used as two independent axial displacement measurement signals to output so as to realize redundant measurement, and can be further added into one signal to output so as to double the sensitivity of the axial displacement measurement. The two measurement cross sections in fig. 2 may not be perpendicular to each other, which does not affect the final measurement result of the axial and radial displacements of the rotor, and only the radial displacement obtained in the two measurement cross sections needs to be projected in the required radial direction, so that the displacement component in the direction can be obtained. When a plurality of measuring sections are arranged, the redundant measurement of axial displacement and the redundant measurement of radial displacement can be realized, so that the reliability of the system is improved.

Claims (8)

1. A method for measuring axial and radial displacements of a rotor using conical surfaces, comprising the steps of:
the rotor is firstly provided with a conical measuring surface, a plurality of displacement measuring devices are arranged around the conical measuring surface, each displacement measuring device measures the relative displacement of the conical measuring surface and the displacement measuring device, and the axial displacement and the radial displacement of the rotor during the motion are obtained by processing the output of all the displacement measuring devices.
2. A method of measuring rotor axial and radial displacements using tapered surfaces as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cone-shaped measuring surface is coaxial with the rotor, and the displacement measuring device is arranged perpendicular to the cone-shaped measuring surface.
3. A method of measuring rotor axial and radial displacements using tapered surfaces as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the displacement measuring device is a non-contact displacement sensor.
4. A method of measuring rotor axial and radial displacements using tapered surfaces as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the displacement measuring devices is even, and the displacement measuring devices are in a group of two and at least four.
5. A method of measuring rotor axial and radial displacements using tapered surfaces as claimed in claim 4, wherein: at least two displacement measuring devices pass through the measuring plane of the rotor axis, and two displacement measuring devices are arranged in each measuring plane to measure the displacement change of the rotor in the plane relative to the displacement measuring devices.
6. A method of measuring rotor axial and radial displacements using tapered surfaces as claimed in claim 5, wherein: and adding the displacement changes measured by the two displacement measuring devices in each measuring plane to obtain axial displacement components, and subtracting the axial displacement components to obtain radial displacement components.
7. A method of measuring rotor axial and radial displacements using tapered surfaces as claimed in claim 6, wherein: and calculating the radial displacement components obtained in each measuring plane to obtain the radial displacement of the rotor on the conical measuring plane in two vertical directions.
8. A method of measuring rotor axial and radial displacements using tapered surfaces as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the sensitivity of the axial displacement and the radial displacement measurement is obtained by the sensitivity of each displacement measuring device and the angle conversion of the conical measuring surface.
CN201911031375.3A 2019-10-28 2019-10-28 Method for measuring axial and radial displacements of rotor by utilizing conical surface Active CN110657768B (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111493845A (en) * 2020-05-20 2020-08-07 上海掌门科技有限公司 Pulse acquisition device

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002005609A (en) * 2000-06-20 2002-01-09 Shinko Wire Co Ltd Method and device for measuring coating thickness of twisted coated-steel conductor
CN204064276U (en) * 2014-09-05 2014-12-31 南京南瑞集团公司 A kind of contactless main control valve displacement measuring device
CN205300548U (en) * 2016-01-12 2016-06-08 天津飞旋科技研发有限公司 Rotor axial displacement detecting system
CN205581321U (en) * 2014-09-11 2016-09-14 迈梭电子马耳他股份有限公司 Whirlpool current sensor
CN107314737A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-11-03 武汉理工大学 A kind of magnetic suspension rotor axial displacement radial measurement method

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2002005609A (en) * 2000-06-20 2002-01-09 Shinko Wire Co Ltd Method and device for measuring coating thickness of twisted coated-steel conductor
CN204064276U (en) * 2014-09-05 2014-12-31 南京南瑞集团公司 A kind of contactless main control valve displacement measuring device
CN205581321U (en) * 2014-09-11 2016-09-14 迈梭电子马耳他股份有限公司 Whirlpool current sensor
CN205300548U (en) * 2016-01-12 2016-06-08 天津飞旋科技研发有限公司 Rotor axial displacement detecting system
CN107314737A (en) * 2017-07-12 2017-11-03 武汉理工大学 A kind of magnetic suspension rotor axial displacement radial measurement method

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN111493845A (en) * 2020-05-20 2020-08-07 上海掌门科技有限公司 Pulse acquisition device
CN111493845B (en) * 2020-05-20 2024-01-16 上海掌门科技有限公司 Pulse acquisition device

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Effective date of registration: 20230327

Address after: Building 1, No. 3, Juyuan 2nd Road, Shangtun, Liaobu Town, Dongguan City, Guangdong Province, 523416

Patentee after: Leitz intelligent equipment (Guangdong) Co.,Ltd.

Address before: Beilin District Xianning West Road 710049, Shaanxi city of Xi'an province No. 28

Patentee before: XI'AN JIAOTONG University