CN110657441A - Improved equipment and method for increasing sludge drying flow in delivered waste incineration plant - Google Patents
Improved equipment and method for increasing sludge drying flow in delivered waste incineration plant Download PDFInfo
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- CN110657441A CN110657441A CN201910904053.9A CN201910904053A CN110657441A CN 110657441 A CN110657441 A CN 110657441A CN 201910904053 A CN201910904053 A CN 201910904053A CN 110657441 A CN110657441 A CN 110657441A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/006—Layout of treatment plant
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2201/00—Pretreatment
- F23G2201/10—Drying by heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/12—Sludge, slurries or mixtures of liquids
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2209/00—Specific waste
- F23G2209/14—Gaseous waste or fumes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J2700/00—Ash removal, handling and treatment means; Ash and slag handling in pulverulent fuel furnaces; Ash removal means for incinerators
- F23J2700/003—Ash removal means for incinerators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a transformation device and a transformation method for increasing a sludge drying process in a delivered garbage incineration plant, wherein the transformation device comprises a garbage treatment unit, a power generation unit, a wastewater treatment unit and a newly-added sludge drying unit, a steam inlet pipeline of the sludge drying unit is connected with a primary steam extraction steam pipeline of a steam turbine of the power generation unit, a waste gas outlet pipeline generated by the sludge drying unit is connected with a garbage discharge storage subunit, and a tail gas condensate outlet pipeline of the sludge drying unit is connected with the wastewater treatment unit. The reconstruction method is characterized in that a sludge drying unit is additionally arranged in a waste incineration power plant, steam extracted from a steam turbine of a self-generating unit is introduced into the sludge drying unit as drying steam, and dried sludge of the sludge drying unit is sent to a waste incinerator subunit for mixed incineration. The invention realizes the cooperative incineration and stable operation of the sludge sent to the garbage incinerator and the household garbage by increasing the flow of drying the sludge by using the waste heat of the secondary steam of the garbage incineration power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste incineration treatment and sludge treatment, in particular to a modification device and a modification method for increasing a sludge drying process in a delivered waste incineration plant.
Background
In recent years, with the rapid increase of the economy of many big cities in China, the integration of cities and countryside is accelerated, the population of cities and towns is increased, and the production amount of domestic garbage and domestic sewage is increased year by year. At present, many domestic big cities face the pressure of 'refuse enclosing cities' on the one hand, and the treatment capacity of the existing household garbage harmless treatment facilities cannot meet the requirement of the urban household garbage production amount. On the other hand, the construction of urban sewage treatment facilities is accelerated, the sludge production of the sewage treatment facilities operated in cities is increased rapidly, and the treatment capacity of the existing sludge treatment facilities cannot meet the requirement of actual sludge production. Many municipal facilities plans have taken waste incineration plants as one of the key planned disposal solutions for co-disposing sludge from sewage treatment plants and clearly point out the option of a conditional plant-built waste incineration plant for co-disposing sludge in an established or in-built waste incineration plant depending on land, equipment and scale conditions. At the end of 2016, the Ministry of urban and rural construction of housing released "comments on further strengthening the incineration treatment of municipal solid waste" the Ministry of construction of City [2016]227, which clearly indicates that: the construction of vein industry garden, solid useless processing circulation economy industry garden is actively carried out, different grade type municipal solid waste processing such as domestic waste, municipal sludge is coordinated, encourages newly-built waste incineration power generation project to consider in step and deals with municipal sludge in coordination.
The sludge incineration method comprises two methods of direct incineration and incineration after drying. The direct incineration of the sludge has more foreign engineering cases, and because the dewatered sludge in China has relatively high water content and low heat value, the amount of auxiliary fuel fed into the furnace is far more than that of the sludge to maintain stable combustion, and the amount of tail gas after incineration is also large. Because the direct incineration facility limits the sludge treatment capacity, the sludge in China can be incinerated after being dried.
The incineration mode of the sludge after drying is divided into independent incineration and synergistic incineration, the initial investment of the independent sludge drying incineration is large, the heat generated by the sludge incineration only can meet about 65-70% of the heat required by drying, and if fuel or outsourced steam is used as an auxiliary heat source, the operation cost is high. If the sludge is dried by utilizing the waste heat of the secondary steam of the waste incineration power plant and the dried sludge and the household garbage are sent into the waste incinerator for cooperative incineration disposal according to a certain proportion, the waste heat recycling system, the incineration system and the flue gas treatment system of the existing waste incineration facility can be cooperatively utilized, and the initial investment and the operation cost of the urban environmental protection facility can be effectively reduced. The waste incineration power plant cooperatively incinerates the sludge, has the advantages of technology, environmental protection and cost, accords with the concepts of industrial cooperation, waste treatment by waste and upstream and downstream resource recycling, accords with the national requirement on the harmless resource disposal policy, and can thoroughly solve the sludge disposal problem of the sewage treatment plant.
The sludge is dried by utilizing the steam of the waste incineration power plant, and the sludge is dried and enters the waste incineration power plant to be incinerated cooperatively, which integrates the treatment links of secondary pollutants in the treatment process of various solid wastes, realizes the effective treatment of various solid wastes in a park area, exerts the cooperative treatment effect of the secondary pollutants and byproducts, and constructs a symbiotic chain of the comprehensive recycling rate of secondary resources and secondary energy in the solid waste treatment process; the project technology is mature and has a plurality of project cases in China, but the sludge drying and household garbage collaborative incineration process is considered to be brought into a system project design scheme and matched with the system project design scheme for construction in the initial design of project construction.
At present, the cases of adding a sludge drying process and a sludge and garbage collaborative incineration process in a garbage incineration power plant which is put into operation are rare in the industry. Especially for the garbage incineration power plant which is put into operation for a period of time, because the design does not consider that the later period of the plant can increase the sludge drying process and the sludge and garbage co-incineration process after drying, if the process is added and the operation is optimized in the plant, the problems of restriction and material balance of the boundary conditions of the flowing of various materials such as fuel, steam, waste heat, waste gas, waste water, flue gas, ash residue, cooling water and the like into the furnace of the main facility of the existing garbage incineration exist, and the problems of optimizing and matching the newly added sludge drying process and the sludge and garbage co-incineration process by utilizing the thermal system conditions of the existing garbage incineration power plant and the environmental protection treatment system conditions such as the matched flue gas, the waste water and the like are faced, and the problems of balancing and optimizing the operation of various materials in the co-incineration process are solved, so that the technical bottlenecks of increasing the sludge drying process and the related reconstruction of the sludge and garbage co-incineration process in .
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a modified device and a modified method for increasing the sludge drying process in a delivered garbage incineration plant by increasing the process of drying sludge by using the waste heat of secondary steam of a garbage incineration power plant and realizing the method of sending the dried sludge into a garbage incinerator to incinerate the dried sludge in cooperation with household garbage and stably operating.
The invention provides improved equipment for increasing a sludge drying process in a delivered garbage incineration plant, which comprises a garbage treatment unit, a power generation unit, a wastewater treatment unit and a newly-added sludge drying unit, wherein the garbage treatment unit comprises a garbage discharging storage subunit and a garbage incineration subunit which are sequentially arranged, a steam inlet pipeline of the sludge drying unit is connected with a primary steam extraction steam pipeline of a steam turbine of the power generation unit, a waste gas outlet pipeline of the sludge drying unit is connected with the garbage discharging storage subunit, and a tail gas condensate outlet pipeline of the sludge drying unit is connected with the wastewater treatment unit.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the improvement equipment for increasing the sludge drying process in the delivered garbage incineration plant further comprises a flue gas purification unit and a fly ash treatment unit which are connected with a flue gas outlet of the garbage incineration subunit, wherein the power generation unit comprises a condenser, a steam turbine and a generator, the flue gas purification unit comprises an SNCR + lime slurry semi-dry process deacidification tower + a liquid alkali solution injection system + an activated carbon powder injection system + a bag-type dust remover + an SCR system, and the fly ash treatment unit comprises a chelation + solidification treatment system.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the improved equipment for increasing the sludge drying process in the delivered waste incineration plant further comprises a circulating cooling water unit connected with the power generation unit and the newly-added sludge drying unit and a cooling tower which is newly added on the basis of the existing circulating cooling water unit and has a circulating cooling scale of 10% -12%, the newly-added cooling tower is connected with the existing cooling tower of the circulating cooling water unit in series, and the improved circulating cooling water unit is connected with the power generation unit and the sludge drying unit.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the improvement equipment for increasing the sludge drying process in the delivered waste incineration plant is characterized in that a temperature and pressure reducing device is arranged at a primary steam extraction steam outlet of a steam turbine of the power generation unit to reduce the pressure and temperature of primary steam extraction steam, a tail gas outlet of the sludge drying unit is provided with a dust remover and a condenser, part of non-condensable tail gas is returned to the sludge drying unit, and a waste leachate discharge pipeline of the waste discharge storage subunit is also connected with the wastewater treatment unit.
The invention also provides a modification method for increasing the sludge drying process in a delivered garbage incineration plant, which is characterized in that a sludge drying unit is additionally arranged in a garbage incineration power plant, steam extracted from a primary steam turbine of a self-generating unit is introduced into the sludge drying unit as drying steam, and dried sludge in the sludge drying unit is sent to a garbage incinerator unit of a garbage treatment unit for mixed incineration, wherein the water content of the dried sludge is controlled to be 40-45%, and the blending combustion ratio of the dried sludge is controlled to be 4-6%.
According to one embodiment of the modification method for increasing the sludge drying process in the delivered garbage incineration plant, the dried sludge is packaged and then is transported to the garbage discharging and storing subunit of the garbage disposal unit, and then is fed into the garbage incineration subunit through the garbage grab bucket for blending combustion.
According to one embodiment of the modification method for increasing the sludge drying process in the garbage incineration plant, the first-stage extracted steam of the steam turbine of the self-generating unit is subjected to temperature reduction and pressure reduction to steam with the temperature of 180-200 ℃ and the pressure of 0.68-0.72 Mpa, and then the steam is introduced into the sludge drying unit.
According to one embodiment of the modification method for increasing the sludge drying process in the delivered waste incineration plant, the dried tail gas of the sludge is subjected to dust removal and condensation cooling treatment, one part of the non-condensable tail gas is returned to the sludge drying unit to be used as drying carrier gas, the other part of the non-condensable tail gas is used as waste gas, is collected by a draught fan through a waste gas pipeline and then is sent to a waste discharging storage subunit, and then is sent to the waste incineration subunit by a primary air fan of the subunit to be used as primary air for incineration; sending the sludge dried tail gas condensate into a wastewater treatment unit to be treated together with the garbage percolate from the garbage discharging and storing subunit.
According to an embodiment of the modification method for adding the sludge drying process to the delivered waste incineration plant, a dry system in the processes of an original SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction), a semi-dry deacidification tower, a dry system, an activated carbon powder injection system, a bag-type dust remover and an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) of a flue gas purification unit is modified into a liquid alkali solution injection system. The flue gas generated by the waste incineration subunit is treated by the reformed flue gas purification unit, and the fly ash generated by the flue gas purification unit and the fly ash are stabilized by the fly ash treatment unit by adopting chelation and solidification processes.
According to an embodiment of the modification method for adding the sludge drying process to the delivered waste incineration plant, a cooling tower with 10% -12% of circulating cooling scale is added on the basis of the existing circulating cooling water unit to serve as a circulating cooling water capacity increasing unit, the added cooling tower is connected with the existing cooling tower of the circulating cooling water unit in series, and the modified circulating cooling water unit is connected with the power generation unit and the sludge drying unit.
Compared with the prior art, the invention implements reconstruction in the put-into-operation waste incineration power plant, namely, increases the flow of drying sludge by using the waste heat of the secondary steam of the waste incineration power plant and realizes that the dried sludge is sent into the waste incinerator to be incinerated with household garbage in a synergic manner and stably operates, and can overcome the restriction of flowing boundary conditions of various materials such as fuel, steam, waste heat, waste gas, waste water, smoke, ash, cooling water and the like and the material balance problem of the newly increased sludge drying process and the existing put-into-operation waste incineration main facilities; the method can realize the optimization of the existing thermodynamic system conditions of the waste incineration power plant and the environmental protection system conditions such as matched flue gas, waste water and the like to match the requirements of a newly added sludge drying process and a sludge and domestic waste collaborative incineration process after drying, realizes material balance, and breaks through the technical bottlenecks of adding a sludge drying process in a put-in-service waste incineration power plant and related transformation of the sludge and waste collaborative incineration process after drying.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a modified apparatus for increasing a sludge drying process in a waste incineration plant, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating the structure and material flow direction of a sludge drying unit added in a retrofit device for adding a sludge drying flow to a waste incineration plant according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the following description of the modified apparatus and method for adding sludge drying process in the delivered waste incineration plant. The invention implements reconstruction in the put-in-service waste incineration power plant, adopts a reconstruction method of increasing the flow of drying sludge by using the waste heat of secondary steam of the waste incineration power plant and realizing that the dried sludge is sent into a waste incinerator to be incinerated cooperatively with household garbage and stably operates.
Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of a retrofit apparatus for adding a sludge drying process in a waste incineration plant already put into operation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the retrofit apparatus for adding a sludge drying process to a waste incineration plant already put into operation includes a waste treatment unit, a power generation unit, a wastewater treatment unit, and a newly added sludge drying unit. The waste treatment unit is used for storing and incinerating waste, the power generation unit utilizes steam generated by incineration of the waste treatment unit to enter a steam turbine to do work to generate power, the waste water treatment unit is used for treating waste water generated by the waste unloading storage subunit and the sludge drying unit, and the newly-added sludge drying unit is used for drying sludge.
The garbage disposal unit comprises a garbage discharging storage subunit and a garbage incineration subunit which are sequentially arranged, the garbage discharging storage subunit is used for discharging and storing the household garbage and the dried sludge, and the garbage incineration subunit is used for performing collaborative incineration treatment on the household garbage and the dried sludge. The power generation unit preferably comprises a condenser, a turbine and a generator.
Specifically, a steam inlet pipeline of the sludge drying unit is connected with a primary steam extraction steam pipeline of a steam turbine of a waste incineration power plant, a waste gas outlet pipeline of the sludge drying unit is connected with a waste discharging storage subunit, and a tail gas condensate outlet pipeline of the sludge drying unit is connected with a waste water treatment unit, so that primary steam extraction is used as a sludge drying heat source, and meanwhile, waste gas is sent into the discharging storage subunit and tail gas condensate is sent into the waste water treatment unit for treatment. And packaging the dried sludge in a drying workshop, transporting the dried sludge to a garbage unloading and storing subunit by an automobile, directly adding the sludge into a garbage pit, and then feeding the sludge into a garbage burning subunit by a garbage grab bucket for batching.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram illustrating the structure and material flow direction of a sludge drying unit added in a retrofit device for adding a sludge drying flow to a waste incineration plant according to an exemplary embodiment of the invention.
As shown in fig. 2, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, the main devices of the newly-added sludge drying unit include a wet sludge receiving bin (for discharging and storing wet sludge with a water content of 80%), a wet sludge buffering bin (for buffering wet sludge with a water content of 80% before entering the sludge drying machine), a sludge drying machine (introducing steam as a heat source medium to indirectly heat dried sludge), a dry sludge buffering bin (for buffering dried sludge), a dust remover (for removing dust in sludge drying tail gas), and a condenser (using circulating cooling water as a medium to condense sludge drying tail gas).
The process is as follows: wet sludge enters a waste incineration plant and is poured into a wet sludge receiving bin after passing through a wagon balance, the wet sludge is conveyed to a wet sludge buffering bin through a sludge pipeline by a screw pump and is conveyed to a sludge drying machine through the screw pump, and the sludge drying machine indirectly heats and dries sludge by using steam generated by first-stage pumping steam of a steam turbine of a power generation unit after temperature and pressure reduction as a heating medium. After being dried by a drier, the sludge enters a dry sludge buffer bin through a scraper conveyor. Tail gas generated in the sludge drying process is sequentially treated by a dust remover and a condenser, wherein the condenser needs circulating cooling water of a circulating cooling water unit as a condensing medium. After the tail gas is condensed, returning one part of the non-condensable tail gas to the sludge drier to be used as drying carrier gas, taking the other part of the non-condensable tail gas as waste gas, collecting the waste gas by using a draught fan through a waste gas pipeline, conveying the collected waste gas to a waste discharging storage subunit, and then conveying the waste gas to a waste incineration subunit by using a primary fan in the region to be used as primary air for incineration.
After a sludge drying process is added, dried sludge needs to be sent to a garbage incinerator subunit (including a garbage incinerator) to be incinerated together with household garbage, the sludge passes through a viscous zone in the drying process, the water content of the sludge in the viscous zone is 45% -60%, the sludge has viscosity and can not flow freely, and the sludge is not beneficial to conveying; when the sludge is dried until the water content is 35 to 45 percent, the sludge is in a granular area and is easy to mix with the household garbage. When the sludge is dried until the water content is less than or equal to 30%, the sludge is close to a dust shape, the incineration is easy to deflagrate, and the potential safety hazard is very large. Because the heat value of the sludge with the water content of 40-45% is about 5500-6000 kJ/kg and is close to that of the household garbage, the operation working condition effect of an incineration system is not influenced, and the material conveying and mixing are not influenced, the wet sludge with the water content of 80% is dried until the water content is 40-45%.
Because the water content of the dried sludge needs to be controlled to be about 40-45% and the sludge cannot destroy organic components in the sludge in the drying process, the sludge is dried by primary extracted steam of a steam turbine in the waste incineration power generation unit and is dried in a steam indirect heat drying mode, the temperature of the dried steam is preferably 180-200 ℃, and the pressure of the dried steam is preferably 0.68-0.72 MPa. As the waste incineration power generation units in the industry mostly adopt medium-temperature and medium-pressure waste heat boilers, the parameters of the primary extracted steam of a steam turbine are generally 1.0MPa and 240 ℃, a temperature and pressure reducing device is needed to reduce the temperature and the pressure of the primary extracted steam of the steam turbine to the proper parameters, and then the primary extracted steam is introduced into a sludge drying unit.
The transformation equipment of the invention also comprises a flue gas purification unit and a fly ash treatment unit which are connected with the flue gas outlet of the garbage incinerator sub-unit. The flue gas purification unit is originally an SNCR (selective non-catalytic reduction), a semi-dry deacidification tower, a dry system, an activated carbon powder injection system, a bag-type dust remover and an SCR (selective catalytic reduction) process, the sulfur content in sludge is usually far higher than that of domestic garbage, the main flue gas deacidification process of a garbage incineration power plant in the industry adopts the semi-dry deacidification tower and the dry process, the flue gas pollutant index emission executes 2000/76/EU standard, and in order to ensure that the sulfur dioxide index in the incineration flue gas meets the emission requirement, the dry system in the flue gas purification unit is transformed into a liquid caustic soda solution injection system so as to improve the removal rate of sulfur dioxide. And the fly ash generated by the flue gas purification unit is stabilized by a fly ash treatment unit by adopting a chelation and solidification process, so that the fly ash is sent to a refuse landfill for landfill after meeting the limit requirement of the concentration of leachate pollutants in the domestic refuse landfill pollution control standard (GB 16889-2008).
Furthermore, the reconstruction equipment of the invention also comprises the reconstruction of a circulating cooling water unit connected with the power generation unit and the newly added sludge drying unit (the power generation unit and the sludge drying unit share one set of circulating cooling water unit). Because the sludge drying unit needs circulating cooling water to condense and dry tail gas, and the circulating cooling scale of the existing circulating cooling water unit of the waste incineration power plant is not enough, the modification method is to add a cooling tower with 10% -12% circulating cooling scale on the basis of the existing circulating cooling water unit, and the added cooling tower is connected with the existing cooling tower of the circulating cooling water unit in series.
The tail gas outlet of the sludge drying unit is provided with a dust collector and a condenser, part of non-condensable tail gas is returned to the sludge drying unit to be used as drying carrier gas, the rest of non-condensable tail gas is waste gas, and the waste gas is collected by a waste gas pipeline by an induced draft fan, sent to a garbage discharging storage subunit and sent to a garbage incinerator subunit by a primary air fan to be used as primary air for incineration. The garbage percolate discharge pipeline of the garbage discharge storage subunit is also connected with the wastewater treatment unit.
After a sludge drying and co-incineration process is added in a waste incineration power plant which is put into operation, the newly added pollutants mainly comprise: firstly, waste gas generated in the sludge drying process; dust in the sludge drying process; thirdly, smoke pollutants generated in the sludge-garbage collaborative incineration process; fourthly, tail gas condensate after sludge drying and production sewage; fifthly, the sludge and the garbage are cooperated to burn the fly ash collected by the flue gas purification unit. After the sludge is dried and the tail gas is subjected to dust remover and condensation cooling treatment, part of the non-condensable tail gas returns to the sludge drying unit to be used as drying carrier gas, the rest of the non-condensable tail gas is waste gas, is collected by a waste gas pipeline through an induced draft fan and then is sent to a garbage discharging storage subunit, and then is sent to a garbage incineration subunit through a primary air fan in the region to be used as primary air for incineration. The main pollutant components of the dried tail gas condensate comprise COD, ammonia nitrogen and the like, the concentration of the tail gas condensate is lower than that of the garbage leachate pollutant, and the tail gas condensate enters an existing wastewater treatment unit and is combined with the garbage leachate for treatment.
The invention provides a modification method for increasing a sludge drying process in a delivered garbage incineration plant, which is characterized in that a sludge drying unit is additionally arranged in a garbage incineration power plant, primary steam extracted from a steam turbine of a self-generating unit is introduced into the sludge drying unit as drying steam, dried sludge of the sludge drying unit is sent into a garbage unloading storage subunit of a garbage treatment unit, and then mixed with household garbage and sent into a garbage incinerator subunit for synergetic incineration, wherein the water content of the dried sludge is controlled to be 40-45%, and the blending combustion ratio of the dried sludge is controlled to be 4-6%.
Because the heat value of the sludge with the water content of 40-45 percent is about 5500-6000 kJ/kg and is close to the heat value of the household garbage, the operation working condition effect of an incineration system is not influenced, and the material conveying and mixing are not influenced, the water content of the sludge after drying is preferably controlled to be 40-45 percent
The mixing proportion of the sludge after the domestic garbage is mixed, burned and dried depends on the following factors to a great extent: (1) the heat value of the material obtained by co-mixing the household garbage and the dried sludge and the like; (2) the mechanical load of the waste incinerator type and incinerator; (3) the matching amount of the secondary steam waste heat of the waste incineration power plant and the scale of the dried sludge; (4) the garbage incinerator is used for blending and burning the dried sludge to influence the operation condition of the incineration system and the operation condition of the flue gas purification system. By combining the factors and the related thermodynamic balance and material balance calculation, the invention determines the blending combustion ratio of the sludge after the blending combustion and drying of the grate furnace type garbage incineration power generation unit to be 4-6% (namely the proportion of the sludge after the sludge is fed into the furnace and dried in the total material fed into the furnace).
Through thermodynamic calculation, when the blending combustion ratio of the sludge after blending combustion drying in the grate type waste incineration power plant is 4% -6%, the sludge with the ratio is dried from about 80% of water content to about 40% of water content, and the surplus primary exhaust steam amount of a steam turbine of the waste incineration power plant is enough to match the requirement of the sludge drying scale, so that thermodynamic balance is realized. And after the sludge is incinerated cooperatively, the amount of flue gas is increased by 2-3%, the designed flue gas treatment capacity of the flue gas purification unit has a certain margin, and the newly added amount of flue gas does not affect the mechanical load of the flue gas purification unit.
After the sludge is dried to the water content of 40-45%, the sludge enters a garbage incinerator subunit for conveying, and the following options are available: (1) the first scheme is as follows: and conveying the sludge to a feeding platform of the garbage incineration subunit by using a scraper conveyor, and feeding the sludge into a hopper through a chute to be mixed with the household garbage and added into the garbage incineration subunit. (2) Scheme II: the fire grate drying section or the combustion section of the garbage incineration subunit is provided with an interface, and sludge is directly conveyed to the side wall of the hearth through the chute and enters the garbage incineration subunit. (3) The third scheme is as follows: and packaging the dried sludge, transporting the sludge to a garbage unloading and storing subunit by an automobile, and then feeding the sludge into a garbage burning subunit by a garbage grab bucket for batching. To scheme one and scheme two, increase above conveying equipment in the workshop of unloading of the waste incineration power generation unit of having put into operation, do not have the arrangement space and need at the workshop outer wall or burn burning furnace body trompil, the engineering degree of difficulty is big, the later stage plant maintenance overhauls the degree of difficulty greatly. Therefore, the invention adopts the third proposal for the conveying mode of conveying the dried sludge into the garbage incinerator subunit.
The dried sludge is packaged and then is transported to a garbage discharging and storing subunit of the garbage treatment unit, and then is fed into a garbage burning subunit through the garbage grab bucket for mixed burning.
Similarly, in order to enable the steam for drying to meet the requirements, the primary extracted steam of the steam turbine of the power generation unit is subjected to temperature reduction and pressure reduction through a temperature reduction and pressure reduction device to steam with the temperature of 180-200 ℃ and the pressure of 0.68-0.72 Mpa, and then the steam is introduced into the sludge drying unit to be used as a heat source for sludge drying, so that the sludge is dried.
And the dried tail gas of the sludge is subjected to dust removal and condensation cooling treatment, one part of the non-condensable tail gas is returned to the sludge drying unit to be used as drying carrier gas, the other part of the non-condensable tail gas is used as waste gas, and the waste gas is collected by a draught fan through a waste gas pipeline and is sent to a waste discharging storage subunit, and then is sent to a waste incineration subunit through a primary air fan in the region to be used as primary air for incineration. Meanwhile, the dried tail gas condensate of the sludge is sent to a wastewater treatment unit to be treated together with the garbage percolate from the garbage discharging and storing subunit. The flue gas generated by the waste incineration subunit is purified by the flue gas purification unit, and the co-incineration fly ash generated by the flue gas purification unit enters the fly ash treatment unit for chelation and solidification.
In addition, in order to ensure the condensation effect on the tail gas after drying of the newly-added sludge drying unit, the circulating cooling scale of the existing circulating cooling water unit of the waste incineration power plant is not enough, a cooling tower with 10% -12% circulating cooling scale which is newly added on the basis of the existing circulating cooling water unit is used as a circulating cooling water capacity increasing unit, and the newly-added cooling tower and the existing cooling tower of the circulating cooling water unit are arranged in series. The circulating cooling water unit modified by the method is connected with the power generation unit and the newly-added sludge drying unit, namely the power generation unit and the sludge drying unit share one set of circulating cooling water unit.
In conclusion, the method can overcome the constraint of various material circulation boundary conditions such as fuel, steam, waste heat, waste gas, waste water, flue gas, ash, cooling water and the like in the furnace of the newly-increased sludge drying process of the delivered waste incineration power plant and the existing delivered waste incineration main facility, and the difficult problems of material balance, can realize the optimization of the existing thermodynamic system conditions of the waste incineration power plant and the environmental protection system conditions such as matched flue gas, waste water and the like to match the requirements of the newly-increased sludge drying process and the sludge and domestic garbage co-incineration process after drying, and can realize the material balance, thereby breaking through the technical bottleneck of the related reconstruction of the sludge drying process and the sludge and garbage co-incineration process after drying in the delivered waste incineration power plant.
The invention is not limited to the foregoing embodiments. The invention extends to any novel feature or any novel combination of features disclosed in this specification and any novel method or process steps or any novel combination of features disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. The improved equipment for increasing the sludge drying process in the delivered waste incineration plant is characterized by comprising a waste treatment unit, a power generation unit, a wastewater treatment unit and a newly-added sludge drying unit, wherein the waste treatment unit comprises a waste discharging storage subunit and a waste incineration subunit which are sequentially arranged,
the steam inlet pipeline of the sludge drying unit is connected with the steam turbine primary steam extraction pipeline of the power generation unit, the waste gas outlet pipeline of the sludge drying unit is connected with the garbage discharging storage subunit, and the tail gas condensate outlet pipeline of the sludge drying unit is connected with the wastewater treatment unit.
2. The improvement equipment for increasing the sludge drying process in the delivered garbage incineration plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the improvement equipment further comprises a flue gas purification unit and a fly ash treatment unit which are connected with a flue gas outlet of the garbage incineration sub-unit, the power generation unit comprises a condenser, a steam turbine and a generator, wherein the flue gas purification unit is an SNCR + lime slurry semi-dry process deacidification tower + a liquid alkali solution injection system + an activated carbon powder injection system + a bag-type dust collector + an SCR system, and the fly ash treatment unit is a chelation + solidification treatment system.
3. The improvement equipment for increasing the sludge drying process in the delivered waste incineration plant according to claim 1, wherein the improvement equipment further comprises a circulating cooling water unit connected with the power generation unit and the newly added sludge drying unit, and a cooling tower with 10% -12% circulating cooling scale added on the basis of the circulating cooling water unit, the newly added cooling tower is connected with the existing cooling tower of the circulating cooling water unit in series, and the circulating cooling water unit after being improved in the way is connected with the power generation unit and the sludge drying unit.
4. The improvement equipment for increasing the sludge drying process in the delivered waste incineration plant according to claim 1, wherein a primary steam extraction steam outlet of a steam turbine of the power generation unit is provided with a temperature and pressure reduction device to reduce the pressure and temperature of the primary steam extraction steam, a tail gas outlet of the sludge drying unit is provided with a dust collector and a condenser and returns part of the uncondensed tail gas to the sludge drying unit, and a waste leachate discharge pipeline of the waste discharge storage sub-unit is also connected with a wastewater treatment unit.
5. A transformation method for increasing a sludge drying process in a delivered waste incineration plant is characterized in that a sludge drying unit is additionally arranged in a waste incineration power plant, steam extracted from a primary steam turbine of a self-generating unit is introduced into the sludge drying unit as drying steam, and dried sludge of the sludge drying unit is sent to a waste incinerator unit of a waste treatment unit for mixed incineration, wherein the moisture content of the dried sludge is controlled to be 40% -45%, and the blending combustion ratio of the dried sludge is controlled to be 4% -6%.
6. The improvement method for increasing the sludge drying process in the delivered garbage incineration plant according to claim 5, wherein the dried sludge is packaged and then transported to a garbage unloading and storing subunit of the garbage disposal unit, and then is fed into the garbage incineration subunit through a garbage grab bucket for blending burning.
7. The improvement method for increasing the sludge drying process in the delivered waste incineration plant according to claim 5, wherein the temperature and pressure of the steam extracted from the first stage of the steam turbine of the power generation unit are reduced to 180-200 ℃ and 0.68-0.72 MPa, and then the steam is introduced into the sludge drying unit.
8. The improvement method for increasing the sludge drying process in the delivered waste incineration plant according to claim 5, characterized in that the dried tail gas of the sludge is subjected to dust removal and condensation cooling treatment, one part of the non-condensable tail gas is returned to the sludge drying unit as drying carrier gas, the other part of the non-condensable tail gas is collected and sent to the waste discharge storage subunit by a draught fan through a waste gas pipeline, and then is sent to the waste incineration subunit by a primary air fan as primary air for incineration; sending the dried tail gas condensate of the sludge into a wastewater treatment unit to be treated together with the garbage percolate from the garbage discharging and storing subunit.
9. The improvement method of increasing sludge drying process in the delivered garbage incineration plant according to claim 5, wherein the flue gas of the garbage incineration sub-unit is purified by a flue gas purification unit, wherein the co-incineration fly ash generated by the flue gas purification unit enters a fly ash treatment unit for chelation and solidification.
10. The method as claimed in claim 5, wherein a cooling tower with a circulating cooling scale of 10-12% is added as a circulating cooling water capacity increasing unit on the basis of an existing circulating cooling water unit, and the added cooling tower is connected in series with the existing cooling tower of the circulating cooling water unit, wherein the circulating cooling water unit modified in this way is connected with the power generation unit and the sludge drying unit.
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