CN110656934A - Compacted-stratum-removing comparison method for compact sandstone reservoir - Google Patents

Compacted-stratum-removing comparison method for compact sandstone reservoir Download PDF

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CN110656934A
CN110656934A CN201910950306.6A CN201910950306A CN110656934A CN 110656934 A CN110656934 A CN 110656934A CN 201910950306 A CN201910950306 A CN 201910950306A CN 110656934 A CN110656934 A CN 110656934A
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stratum
porosity
sediment
comparison
deposition
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CN110656934B (en
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付斌
李志超
马志欣
陈治华
刘艳侠
石林辉
王敏
李华
刘雅雯
朱亚军
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China Petroleum and Natural Gas Co Ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B49/00Testing the nature of borehole walls; Formation testing; Methods or apparatus for obtaining samples of soil or well fluids, specially adapted to earth drilling or wells
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B47/00Survey of boreholes or wells

Abstract

The invention provides a compact sandstone reservoir stratum de-compaction stratum comparison method which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps: firstly, collating logging information, and extracting acoustic time difference and gamma logging curves; carrying out porosity assay analysis during sand shale deposition, and establishing porosity change of different sandstone types of the tight sandstone gas reservoir in the research area along with the increase of the shale content; thirdly, compacting and reducing the porosity of the sediment in the shaft, and inverting a logging curve; and step four, carrying out fine comparison work for removing the compacted stratum. The method can realize the isochronous stratigraphic comparison, solves the problem that the existing marker bed method, the convolution method, the equal thickness method and the sand body comparison method can not reduce the isochronous space of the reservoir during the original deposition, and lays a foundation for the fine geological research and the subsequent work of the dense gas reservoir.

Description

Compacted-stratum-removing comparison method for compact sandstone reservoir
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field related to geological research and development of compact oil and gas fields, in particular to a compact sandstone reservoir stratum de-compaction comparison method.
Technical Field
At present, natural gas in China accounts for 7% of primary energy consumption structure and is far lower than the average level (24.1%) in the world, and the vigorous development and utilization of natural gas is an important measure for accelerating national energy structure adjustment and promoting ecological civilization construction. Dense gas is the main type of natural gas growth in China, and dense gas reservoirs are various in types: the gas reservoir has a continuous gas reservoir distributed in a large area and also has a conventional trap type gas reservoir; the buried depth is deep and shallow; the formation temperature is high or low; the formation pressure has abnormal high pressure and abnormal low pressure; the reservoir has a layered shape and a lenticular shape, and the porosity of the reservoir is high or low; the reservoir is homogeneous and also heterogeneous; the gas reservoir has produced water and does not produce water; developing cracks exist in the reservoir and also do not develop; the gas source is heat-forming gas and biological-forming gas. In general, dense gas is diverse in type and also complex. The research on the geology of the dense gas is carried out, firstly, the fine comparison of the stratum of a dense gas field is realized, a stratum isochronal framework is established, and secondly, the research on related aspects such as a reservoir stratum, a gas reservoir and the like can be further carried out.
Because the tight sandstone reservoir has thin thickness and strong heterogeneity, when the stratum is compared, if no marking layer with the property of the whole area exists, the fine division and the comparison of the stratum are difficult to realize. Meanwhile, due to the influence of high development cost and low benefit of the compact gas, the application of the three-dimensional earthquake to the large compact sandstone gas reservoir is difficult to popularize comprehensively, and the earthquake effect of a part of compact gas fields shows that one waveform caused by the vertical resolution of earthquake data passes through a plurality of gas layers or sand layers at the same time, so that the three-dimensional earthquake cannot be applied to geological stratification. Therefore, the application of seismic data to stratigraphic correlation of tight gas reservoirs is also limited. The stratum contrast method for researching domestic large compact sandstone gas-Su Li Ge gas field mainly uses a mark layer method, a convolution method, an equal thickness method and a sand contrast method to carry out stratum contrast, wherein the methods are all the stratum contrast after a reservoir layer is deposited and formed into rock, however, if the isochronous stratum contrast is to be realized, the reservoir layer needs to be restored to an isochronous space which receives deposition and is in the same deposition environment, so that a method is needed to restore the thickness of the stratum to the deposition environment and then carry out the contrast.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that the existing marker bed method, the convolution method, the equal thickness method and the sand body comparison method cannot reduce the equal time space of the reservoir during original deposition, the invention provides the compacted stratum comparison method for the compact sandstone reservoir.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a compact sandstone reservoir stratum de-compaction stratum comparison method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, well logging data are sorted, and acoustic time difference and gamma well logging curves are extracted
Carrying out porosity assay analysis during sand shale deposition, and establishing porosity change of different sandstone types of the tight sandstone gas reservoir in the research area along with the increase of the shale content;
thirdly, compacting and reducing the porosity of the sediment in the shaft, and inverting a logging curve;
and step four, carrying out fine comparison work for removing the compacted stratum.
In the second step, the porosity test analysis during the sand shale deposition determines the sand shale type of the tight gas reservoir through tight sand gas reservoir rock debris and well logging explanation, carries out the deposition simulation of different sand shale types in a laboratory, and then measures the porosity of the sand shale.
In the third step, the porosity of the sediment in the reduction shaft is gradually reduced according to the principle that the sediment deepens along with the buried depth, but the particle volume is unchanged, and the formula is as follows:
Figure 461435DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(1)
(2)
in the formula: VA is the total volume of the original sediment; vpor is the original sediment internal porosity volume; v' A is the total volume of the sediment after deposition and compaction; v' por is the volume of the porosity in the sediment after the sediment is compacted;porosity at a certain depth; h0 is the original volume of the deposit before deposition; h is the volume of the sediment after deposition;
and (4) inverting the logging curve according to an empirical formula to restore the sedimentary thickness of the original stratum.
In the fourth step, the fine comparison work for compacting the stratum comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, importing a de-compacted logging curve into a related geological research platform;
secondly, comparing the contrastable stratum with the regional mark layer as a reference;
thirdly, searching a deposition environment similar to the upper and lower portions of the researched gas layer section respectively to realize the filling and the filling of the stratum into a relatively stable stratum;
fourthly, drawing the lower stable stratum of the gas layer section, and carrying out the stratum contrast of a finer level;
and fifthly, taking the central well as the origin, and drawing the cross section to perform more complete area stratum comparison.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method can realize the isochronous stratigraphic comparison, solves the problem that the existing marker bed method, the convolution method, the equal thickness method and the sand body comparison method can not reduce the isochronous space of the reservoir during the original deposition, and lays a foundation for the fine geological research and the subsequent work of the dense gas reservoir.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
in order to solve the problem that the existing marker bed method, the convolution method, the equal thickness method and the sand body comparison method cannot reduce the equal time space of the reservoir during original deposition, the invention provides the compacted stratum comparison method for the compact sandstone reservoir.
A compact sandstone reservoir stratum de-compaction stratum comparison method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, well logging data are sorted, and acoustic time difference and gamma well logging curves are extracted
Carrying out porosity assay analysis during sand shale deposition, and establishing porosity change of different sandstone types of the tight sandstone gas reservoir in the research area along with the increase of the shale content;
thirdly, compacting and reducing the porosity of the sediment in the shaft, and inverting a logging curve;
and step four, carrying out fine comparison work for removing the compacted stratum.
The method can realize the isochronous stratigraphic comparison, solves the problem that the existing marker bed method, the convolution method, the equal thickness method and the sand body comparison method can not reduce the isochronous space of the reservoir during the original deposition, and lays a foundation for the fine geological research and the subsequent work of the dense gas reservoir.
Example 2:
based on the example 1, in the second step of this embodiment, the porosity test analysis during deposition of the sandstone/mudstone determines the type of the tight gas reservoir sandstone through tight sandstone gas reservoir rock debris and well logging interpretation, and the deposition simulation of different types of the sandstone/mudstone is carried out in a laboratory, and then the porosity is measured.
In the third step, the porosity of the sediment in the reduction shaft is gradually reduced according to the principle that the sediment deepens along with the buried depth, but the particle volume is unchanged, and the formula is as follows:
Figure 270013DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(1)
Figure 241380DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(2)
in the formula: VA is the total volume of the original sediment; vpor is the original sediment internal porosity volume; v' A is the total volume of the sediment after deposition and compaction; v' por is the volume of the porosity in the sediment after the sediment is compacted;
Figure 904442DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
porosity at a certain depth; h0 is the original volume of the deposit before deposition; h is the volume of the sediment after deposition;
and (4) inverting the logging curve according to an empirical formula to restore the sedimentary thickness of the original stratum.
In the fourth step, the fine comparison work for compacting the stratum comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, importing a de-compacted logging curve into a related geological research platform;
secondly, comparing the contrastable stratum with the regional mark layer as a reference;
thirdly, searching a deposition environment similar to the upper and lower portions of the researched gas layer section respectively to realize the filling and the filling of the stratum into a relatively stable stratum;
fourthly, drawing the lower stable stratum of the gas layer section, and carrying out the stratum contrast of a finer level;
and fifthly, taking the central well as the origin, and drawing the cross section to perform more complete area stratum comparison.
The invention is realized by adopting the following steps:
1) and (4) collating logging data, and extracting acoustic time difference and gamma logging curves. The acoustic time difference and gamma logging curves are common logging series in gas well logging, and are applied to compact gas fields generally.
2) Carrying out porosity analysis during sand shale deposition, and establishing the porosity change of different sandstone types of the compact sandstone gas reservoir in the research area along with the increase of the shale content. The porosity test analysis during the sand shale deposition can be explained through the tight sandstone gas reservoir rock debris and well logging, the tight gas reservoir sand shale type is determined, the deposition simulation of different sand shale types is carried out in a laboratory, and then the porosity of the sand shale is measured.
3) And compacting and reducing the porosity of the sediment in the shaft, and inverting the logging curve. The porosity of the reduced shaft deposit is mainly based on the principle that the porosity of the deposit is gradually reduced along with the deepening of the buried depth, but the particle volume is unchanged. The formula is as follows:
Figure 836626DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(1)
Figure 243337DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(2)
in the formula: VA is the total volume of the original sediment; vpor is the original sediment internal porosity volume; v' A is the total volume of the sediment after deposition and compaction; v' por is the volume of the porosity in the sediment after the sediment is compacted;
Figure 334790DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
porosity at a certain depth; h0 is the original volume of the deposit before deposition; h is the volume of the deposit after deposition.
And (4) inverting the logging curve according to an empirical formula to restore the sedimentary thickness of the original stratum.
4) And carrying out fine contrast work of compacting the stratum. The fine contrast work on the compacted formation mainly carries out the following work: 1. importing the de-compacted well log into a related geological research platform; 2. firstly, taking the area mark layer as a reference, and comparing the contrastable stratum with the contrastable stratum; 3. respectively searching a certain deposition environment similar to the upper and lower portions of the researched gas layer section to realize the filling and filling of the stratum into a relatively stable stratum; 4. drawing the lower stable stratum of the gas layer section, carrying out a finer grade of stratum comparison, and ensuring that the thickness between wells is relatively stable and the fluctuation change is not large under the background that the upper relatively stable stratum is not lost or degraded; 5. and taking the central well as the origin, and drawing the cross section to perform more complete area stratum comparison.
The method can realize the isochronous stratigraphic comparison, solves the problem that the existing marker bed method, the convolution method, the equal thickness method and the sand body comparison method can not reduce the isochronous space of the reservoir during the original deposition, and lays a foundation for the fine geological research and the subsequent work of the dense gas reservoir.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to examples, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention. The methods and systems described in detail in this disclosure are prior art and will not be further described in this disclosure.

Claims (4)

1. A compact sandstone reservoir stratum de-compaction stratum comparison method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step one, well logging data are sorted, and acoustic time difference and gamma well logging curves are extracted
Carrying out porosity assay analysis during sand shale deposition, and establishing porosity change of different sandstone types of the tight sandstone gas reservoir in the research area along with the increase of the shale content;
thirdly, compacting and reducing the porosity of the sediment in the shaft, and inverting a logging curve;
and step four, carrying out fine comparison work for removing the compacted stratum.
2. The method for uncompacted formation comparison of a tight sandstone reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the second step, the porosity test analysis during the sand shale deposition determines the sand shale type of the tight gas reservoir through tight sand gas reservoir rock debris and well logging explanation, carries out the deposition simulation of different sand shale types in a laboratory, and then measures the porosity of the sand shale.
3. The method for uncompacted formation comparison of a tight sandstone reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the porosity of the sediment in the reduction shaft is gradually reduced according to the principle that the sediment deepens along with the buried depth, but the particle volume is unchanged, and the formula is as follows:
Figure 940407DEST_PATH_IMAGE001
(1)
Figure 76160DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
(2)
in the formula: VA is the total volume of the original sediment; vpor is the original sediment internal porosity volume; v' A is the total volume of the sediment after deposition and compaction; v' por is the volume of the porosity in the sediment after the sediment is compacted;
Figure 141068DEST_PATH_IMAGE003
porosity at a certain depth; h0 is the original volume of the deposit before deposition; h is the volume of the sediment after deposition;
and (4) inverting the logging curve according to an empirical formula to restore the sedimentary thickness of the original stratum.
4. The method for uncompacted formation comparison of a tight sandstone reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the fourth step, the fine comparison work for compacting the stratum comprises the following specific steps:
importing the de-compacted well log into a related geological research platform;
firstly, taking the area mark layer as a reference, and comparing the contrastable stratum with the contrastable stratum;
respectively searching a certain deposition environment similar to the upper and lower portions of the researched gas layer section to realize the filling and filling of the stratum into a relatively stable stratum;
drawing the lower stable stratum of the gas layer section, and carrying out finer first-level stratum comparison;
and taking the central well as the origin, and drawing the cross section to perform more complete area stratum comparison.
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