CN110656328A - Preparation method of Janus foam copper with asymmetric wettability and efficient mist collection capacity - Google Patents
Preparation method of Janus foam copper with asymmetric wettability and efficient mist collection capacity Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of Janus foam copper with asymmetric wettability and high-efficiency mist collection capacity. The method comprises the steps of preparing copper hydroxide nanowires, copper oxide nanowires and zinc oxide nanorods, grafting Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the like. The Janus foam copper surface with the micro-nano structure not only shows unique asymmetric wettability (one surface is hydrophobic, and the other surface is super-hydrophilic) at room temperature, but also has stable asymmetric wettability after being placed for a long time. The asymmetric wettability Janus copper foam has good mist collection capacity and high-efficiency water mist collection rate under different inclination angles. Compared with the original foamy copper water mist collection quality, the method improves the water mist collection quality by about 209%, and has higher efficient water mist collection capacity compared with the prepared single super-hydrophilic and super-hydrophobic foamy copper. Can be popularized in a large scale.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of Janus material preparation, and particularly relates to a preparation method of Janus foam copper with asymmetric wettability and efficient mist collection capacity.
Background
Janus material, named as Shuidishen in ancient Roman mys, has become a material with potential industrial use as a barrier between two substances. However, creating two distinct "faces" on these delicate surfaces is a challenging process. The Janus nano material is basically characterized in that the micro-scale space of the Janus nano material has well-partitioned chemistry and function. The key problem is to develop a new method to precisely control morphology, microstructure, surface chemistry and functional stringency. Along with the progress of Janus nano-material preparation and modification technology in recent years, Janus membrane materials become an emerging direction in the field of membrane materials and membrane processes. It takes advantage of the opposite properties of the two sides of the material to achieve a series of new functions. The current methods for preparing Janus membrane materials mainly comprise: vapor deposition, laser direct writing, continuous electrostatic spinning, vacuum filtration, and the like. However, the above methods still have some problems, such as non-green raw materials and harsh preparation conditions, and thus have certain limitations. Therefore, the controllable preparation and large-scale production application of the Janus material with the three-dimensional micro-nano structure are provided.
Preparing copper hydroxide nanowires on the foamy copper through chemical etching, then preparing the zinc oxide nanorods on the nanowires through a hydrothermal method again to form a three-dimensional micro-nano structure, and converting the foamy copper from an original hydrophobic surface to a super-hydrophilic surface. And (3) grafting polydimethylsiloxane onto the ZnO nanorod through ultraviolet irradiation, so that one side of the foamy copper with the three-dimensional micro-nano structure is changed into hydrophobic, and the Janus foamy copper with asymmetric wettability is successfully prepared. The zinc oxide and the grafted polydimethylsiloxane have stronger acting force, so that the hydrophobicity of the hydrophobic side of the Janus foam copper is particularly stable. The Janus copper foam has the directional transportation behavior of liquid (from a hydrophobic side to a super-hydrophilic side) at room temperature and the directional transportation behavior of bubbles under water (directionally moving from the super-hydrophilic side to the hydrophobic side), has good water mist collection capacity, and has approximately the same efficiency when water mist collection is carried out at different angles (0 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 degrees). Compared with the original copper foam water mist collection quality, the quality is improved by about 209%, and compared with the prepared single super-hydrophilic and super-hydrophobic copper foam, the copper foam water mist collection device still has high-efficiency water mist collection capacity. In addition, the wettability of both sides of the Janus foam copper did not change significantly after standing at room temperature for a long time. Therefore, the Janus foam copper with asymmetric wettability can be popularized in a large scale based on stable and efficient water mist collecting capacity and long-term stable wettability of the surface of the material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a simple, convenient and industrially-producible preparation method of Janus foam copper with a hydrophobic/super-hydrophilic asymmetric wettability surface, and solves the problems of complicated preparation steps of Janus materials, fluorine-containing and other toxic substances in the prepared materials and low practicability. The single wettability surface water mist collection capability and the repeated utilization rate are lower than those of the Janus material, the asymmetric wettability of the Janus material has certain influence on the directional transportation of liquid drops and underwater bubbles, and the energy consumption is greatly reduced. According to the invention, the Janus foam copper with stable hydrophobic/super-hydrophilic wettability, high-efficiency and durable water mist collection capacity and reusability is prepared by a simple method, and the method is beneficial to large-scale popularization and preparation.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: the preparation method of the Janus foam copper with asymmetric wettability and high-efficiency mist collection capability is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. preparing copper hydroxide nanowires on the copper foam: cutting the foamy copper into foamy copper sheets with certain specifications, firstly respectively ultrasonically cleaning the foamy copper sheets by using acetone, ethanol and deionized water, then removing an oxide layer by using 0.1M hydrochloric acid solution, then placing the treated foamy copper into a mixed solution of 1M sodium hydroxide and 0.05M ammonium persulfate for etching for 40-50min, cleaning the foamy copper by using deionized water, and then placing the foamy copper into a vacuum drying oven for drying for 30-50 min;
B. growing ZnO nanorods on copper hydroxide nanowires: soaking the foamy copper obtained in the step A in 0.15M zinc acetate solution for 15-20s, then placing the foamy copper into a muffle furnace with high temperature of 300-320 ℃ for seed injection, soaking the foamy copper after seed injection into mixed water solution of 0.025M zinc nitrate and 0.025M hexamethylene tetramine, keeping the foamy copper at 95-105 ℃ for 12-14h, after the reaction is finished, taking out the foamy copper, cleaning the foamy copper with ethanol, and placing the foamy copper into a vacuum drying box for drying for 30-50 min;
C. preparation of copper foam with hydrophobic/superhydrophilic Janus: and C, spraying PDMS on one side of the copper foam obtained in the step C by using a spraying technology, and irradiating the side with ultraviolet light for 40-50min to form a hydrophobic/super-hydrophilic Janus surface.
Further, in the step A, the copper foam is etched in a mixed solution of 1M sodium hydroxide and 0.05M ammonium persulfate, and the solution must be uniformly mixed.
Further, in the step B, the super-hydrophilic foam copper with the copper hydroxide-zinc oxide micro-nano structure is soaked in 0.15M zinc acetate solution for 15-20s, taken out and dried for 5-10min, and then washed by ethanol, and the steps are repeated for 5 times.
Further, in the step C, the spraying distance and the amount of the PDMS are controllably adjusted by using a spraying technology, the spraying distance is 20-50cm, and the PDMS is diluted by a trichloromethane solution according to the volume ratio of 1:5, 1:10, 1:15 and 1: 20.
Further, under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, polydimethylsiloxane is grafted to the ZnO nano-rods and is combined in a covalent bond mode.
Further, the PDMS grafted side exhibits hydrophobicity and the other side is superhydrophilic.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the process is simple, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the cost is low, and the paint is non-toxic and harmless;
2. one side of the prepared Janus foam copper grafted PDMS has stable hydrophobicity;
3. the prepared Janus foam copper has good high temperature resistance and ultraviolet ray damage resistance;
4. the prepared Janus foam copper can generate directional transportation behaviors of not only liquid but also underwater bubbles;
5. the Janus foamy copper water mist is high in collecting efficiency, durable and reusable.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the results of example 1 are Janus foam copper preparation process diagram and the electron microscope image and the principle analysis diagram of grafted PDMS of original foam copper, chemical etching foam copper, and long ZnO nano-rod on the etched foam copper. Wherein, the picture a is a picture of the preparation process of Janus foam copper, the pictures b-g are electron microscope pictures of original foam copper, foam copper after chemical etching and ZnO nano-rods on the foam copper after etching respectively, and the picture h is a principle analysis picture of grafted PDMS.
FIG. 2: example 2 the contact angle of water and the contact angle of underwater oil of different Janus copper foam sprayed side (hydrophobic side) and non-sprayed side (superhydrophilic side) after spraying PDMS (diluted solution in a ratio of 1: 20) for 2, 3, 4 and 5 times of PDMS respectively, and two-sided EDS elemental analysis graphs were obtained, wherein graphs a-d are graphs of the contact angle of water and the contact angle of underwater oil of Janus copper foam sprayed side (hydrophobic side) and non-sprayed side (superhydrophilic side) after spraying PDMS diluted solution for 2 times of PDMS, graphs e-h are graphs of the contact angle of water and the contact angle of underwater oil of Janus copper foam sprayed side (hydrophobic side) and non-sprayed side (superhydrophilic side) after spraying PDMS diluted solution for 3 times of PDMS diluted solution, and two-sided EDS elemental analysis graphs, wherein graphs i-l are graphs of the contact angle of water and the contact angle of underwater oil of Janus copper foam sprayed side (hydrophobic side) and non-sprayed side (superhydrophilic side) and two-sided EDS elemental analysis graphs of PDMS diluted solution for 4 times of PDMS diluted solution Water side) contact angle with underwater oil and EDS elemental analysis graphs on both sides, where the graph m-p is a graph of contact angle of water of Janus copper foam sprayed side (hydrophobic side) and non-sprayed side (superhydrophilic side) sprayed with PDMS dilute solution 5 times and EDS elemental analysis graphs on both sides, where the graph q-r is a graph of contact angle of water of superhydrophobic copper foam surface with underwater oil and EDS elemental analysis graphs on both sides.
FIG. 3: example 3 obtains the transport situation of the liquid drop in the cross section direction of the asymmetric wettability Janus foam copper and the corresponding principle analysis diagram, wherein the diagram a is the directional transport diagram of the liquid drop from the hydrophobic side to the super-hydrophilic side of the Janus foam copper, the diagram b is the corresponding principle analysis diagram, the diagram c is the directional transport diagram of the liquid drop from the super-hydrophilic side to the hydrophobic side of the Janus foam copper, and the diagram d is the corresponding principle analysis diagram.
FIG. 4: example 4 shows the water collection diagram of Janus copper foam, wherein the diagram a is the conceptual diagram of water collection, the diagram b is the schematic diagram of mist collection in the cross section direction of Janus copper foam, the diagrams c-e are the optical photographs of the original copper foam surface, the high-concentration PDMS grafted super-hydrophobic copper foam surface, the Janus copper foam hydrophobic surface within 0-30s and the surface-shaped water beads, and the diagram f-i is the optical photographs of the original copper foam, the high-concentration PDMS grafted super-hydrophobic copper foam, the Janus copper foam hydrophobic surface and the super-hydrophilic surface within 10-30min and the surface-shaped water beads.
FIG. 5: example 5 shows the water collection quality plots of several different wettability surface samples and Janus copper foams at different angles and different surface areas, wherein the graph a shows the water collection quality plots of the original copper foams, the super-hydrophilic copper foams, the super-hydrophobic copper foams and the Janus copper foams within one hour, the graph b shows the water collection quality plots of the Janus copper foams obtained after spraying PDMS (solution diluted by trichloromethane according to the proportion of 1: 20) for 3 times at the angles of 0 degrees, 30 degrees, 45 degrees, 60 degrees and 90 degrees with the horizontal plane, and the graph c shows the water collection quality plots of the Janus copper foams with the surface areas of 1 x 1cm and 1cm respectively2、1*2cm2、2*2cm2、2*3cm2、3*3cm2Lower water mass plots were collected.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the present invention, the following examples are further provided to illustrate the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. Various changes or modifications may be effected therein by one skilled in the art and such equivalents are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims appended hereto.
Example 1
1. Preparation of copper hydroxide on copper foamNanowire: cutting the foam copper into 3 x 3cm2The sheet of (1). Firstly, in order to remove pollutants on the surface of the copper foam, acetone, ethanol and deionized water are respectively used for ultrasonic cleaning for 5min, and then 0.1M hydrochloric acid solution is used for removing an oxidation layer. And (3) placing the treated foamy copper into a mixed aqueous solution of 1M sodium hydroxide and 0.05M ammonium persulfate for etching for 40min, washing with deionized water, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven for drying for 40min to obtain the surface covered by the copper hydroxide nanowires.
2. Growing ZnO nanorods on copper hydroxide nanowires: and soaking the etched foam copper in a 0.15M zinc acetate solution for 15s, taking out, drying for 5min, washing with ethanol, repeating the steps for 5 times, and then placing in a muffle furnace with a high temperature of 300 ℃ for seed injection. And soaking the seeded foamy copper into a mixed aqueous solution of 0.025M zinc nitrate and 0.025M hexamethylenetetramine, keeping the foamy copper at 95 ℃ for 12 hours, taking out the foamy copper after the reaction is finished, washing the foamy copper by using ethanol, and drying the foamy copper in a vacuum drying oven for 40 minutes to successfully grow ZnO nanorods on the copper hydroxide nanowires.
3. Preparation of copper foam with hydrophobic/superhydrophilic Janus: and spraying PDMS on one side of the treated foam copper by using a spraying technology, and irradiating the side with ultraviolet light for 40min to form a hydrophobic/super-hydrophilic Janus surface.
4. After uv irradiation, unreacted PDMS on the surface of Janus copper foam was washed away with tetrahydrofuran.
Example 2
1. Preparing copper hydroxide nanowires on the copper foam: cutting the foam copper into 3 x 3cm2The sheet of (1). Firstly, in order to remove pollutants on the surface of the copper foam, acetone, ethanol and deionized water are respectively used for ultrasonic cleaning for 5min, and then 0.1M hydrochloric acid solution is used for removing an oxidation layer. And (3) placing the treated foamy copper into a mixed aqueous solution of 1M sodium hydroxide and 0.05M ammonium persulfate for etching for 40min, washing with deionized water, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven for drying for 40min to obtain the surface covered by the copper hydroxide nanowires.
2. Growing ZnO nanorods on copper hydroxide nanowires: and soaking the etched foam copper in a 0.15M zinc acetate solution for 15s, taking out, drying for 5min, washing with ethanol, repeating the steps for 5 times, and then placing in a muffle furnace with a high temperature of 300 ℃ for seed injection. And soaking the seeded foamy copper into a mixed aqueous solution of 0.025M zinc nitrate and 0.025M hexamethylenetetramine, keeping the foamy copper at 95 ℃ for 12 hours, taking out the foamy copper after the reaction is finished, washing the foamy copper by using ethanol, and drying the foamy copper in a vacuum drying oven for 40 minutes to successfully grow ZnO nanorods on the copper hydroxide nanowires.
3. Preparation of copper foam with hydrophobic/superhydrophilic Janus: and spraying PDMS on one side of the treated foam copper by using a spraying technology, and irradiating the side with ultraviolet light for 40min to form a hydrophobic/super-hydrophilic Janus surface.
4. For EDS measurements, unreacted PDMS on the surface of Janus copper foam was washed away with tetrahydrofuran.
Example 3
1. Preparing copper hydroxide nanowires on the copper foam: cutting the foam copper into 3 x 3cm2The sheet of (1). Firstly, in order to remove pollutants on the surface of the copper foam, acetone, ethanol and deionized water are respectively used for ultrasonic cleaning for 5min, and then 0.1M hydrochloric acid solution is used for removing an oxidation layer. And (3) placing the treated foamy copper into a mixed aqueous solution of 1M sodium hydroxide and 0.05M ammonium persulfate for etching for 40min, washing with deionized water, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven for drying for 40min to obtain the surface covered by the copper hydroxide nanowires.
2. Growing ZnO nanorods on copper hydroxide nanowires: and soaking the etched foam copper in a 0.15M zinc acetate solution for 15s, taking out, drying for 5min, washing with ethanol, repeating the steps for 5 times, and then placing in a muffle furnace with a high temperature of 300 ℃ for seed injection. And soaking the seeded foamy copper into a mixed aqueous solution of 0.025M zinc nitrate and 0.025M hexamethylenetetramine, keeping the foamy copper at 95 ℃ for 12 hours, taking out the foamy copper after the reaction is finished, washing the foamy copper by using ethanol, and drying the foamy copper in a vacuum drying oven for 40 minutes to successfully grow ZnO nanorods on the copper hydroxide nanowires.
3. Preparation of copper foam with hydrophobic/superhydrophilic Janus: and spraying PDMS on one side of the treated foam copper by using a spraying technology, and irradiating the side with ultraviolet light for 40min to form a hydrophobic/super-hydrophilic Janus surface.
4. Directional transport state of droplets landing on both sides of Janus foamy copper: and dripping the liquid drops from the hydrophobic side of the Janus foam copper, wherein the liquid drops can be directionally transported from the hydrophobic side to the super-hydrophilic side, and dripping the liquid drops from the super-hydrophilic side of the Janus foam copper, wherein the liquid drops are spread on the super-hydrophilic side, and the directional transportation behavior from the super-hydrophilic side to the hydrophobic side does not occur.
Example 4
1. Preparing copper hydroxide nanowires on the copper foam: cutting the foam copper into 3 x 3cm2The sheet of (1). Firstly, in order to remove pollutants on the surface of the copper foam, acetone, ethanol and deionized water are respectively used for ultrasonic cleaning for 5min, and then 0.1M hydrochloric acid solution is used for removing an oxidation layer. And (3) placing the treated foamy copper into a mixed aqueous solution of 1M sodium hydroxide and 0.05M ammonium persulfate for etching for 40min, washing with deionized water, and then placing in a vacuum drying oven for drying for 40min to obtain the surface covered by the copper hydroxide nanowires.
2. Growing ZnO nanorods on copper hydroxide nanowires: and soaking the etched foam copper in a 0.15M zinc acetate solution for 15s, taking out, drying for 5min, washing with ethanol, repeating the steps for 5 times, and then placing in a muffle furnace with a high temperature of 300 ℃ for seed injection. And soaking the seeded foamy copper into a mixed aqueous solution of 0.025M zinc nitrate and 0.025M hexamethylenetetramine, keeping the foamy copper at 95 ℃ for 12 hours, taking out the foamy copper after the reaction is finished, washing the foamy copper by using ethanol, and drying the foamy copper in a vacuum drying oven for 40 minutes to successfully grow ZnO nanorods on the copper hydroxide nanowires.
3. Preparation of copper foam with hydrophobic/superhydrophilic Janus: and spraying PDMS on one side of the treated foam copper by using a spraying technology, and irradiating the side with ultraviolet light for 40min to form a hydrophobic/super-hydrophilic Janus surface.
4. The state of water drops on the original copper foam surface, the super-hydrophobic copper foam surface and the Janus copper foam surface: the commercial humidifier is used for spraying water mist on the surfaces of different samples, and the attachment state of the water mist on the samples is shot by the digital camera at different time periods.
Example 5
1. Preparing copper hydroxide nanowires on the copper foam: cutting the foam copper into 3 x 3cm2The sheet of (1). Firstly, in order to remove pollutants on the surface of the copper foam, acetone, ethanol and deionized water are respectively used for ultrasonic cleaning for 5min, and then 0.1M hydrochloric acid solution is used for removing an oxidation layer. Placing the treated copper foam into a reaction vessel containing 1M sodium hydroxideEtching in 0.05M ammonium persulfate mixed aqueous solution for 40min, cleaning with deionized water, and drying in a vacuum drying oven for 40min to obtain the surface covered by the copper hydroxide nanowires.
2. Growing ZnO nanorods on copper hydroxide nanowires: and soaking the etched foam copper in a 0.15M zinc acetate solution for 15s, taking out, drying for 5min, washing with ethanol, repeating the steps for 5 times, and then placing in a muffle furnace with a high temperature of 300 ℃ for seed injection. And soaking the seeded foamy copper into a mixed aqueous solution of 0.025M zinc nitrate and 0.025M hexamethylenetetramine, keeping the foamy copper at 95 ℃ for 12 hours, taking out the foamy copper after the reaction is finished, washing the foamy copper by using ethanol, and drying the foamy copper in a vacuum drying oven for 40 minutes to successfully grow ZnO nanorods on the copper hydroxide nanowires.
3. Preparation of copper foam with hydrophobic/superhydrophilic Janus: and spraying PDMS on one side of the treated foam copper by using a spraying technology, and irradiating the side with ultraviolet light for 40min to form a hydrophobic/super-hydrophilic Janus surface.
4. Performing a water mist collection experiment on the foamy copper samples with different wetabilities, measuring the quality of water collected by the samples per hour, and comparing the quality of the water collected by the foamy copper with different wetabilities to obtain the largest water collection quality of the Janus foamy copper per hour; further carrying out a water mist collection experiment on Janus foam copper with different surface areas and different placing angles, observing the change of water mist collection quality, and comparing the water mist collection experiment that the Janus foam copper is placed at different angles, finding that the angle has little influence on water mist collection, wherein the quality of the collected water mist is highest when the Janus foam copper is placed at 0 ℃; janus foam copper is cut into different sizes to carry out a water mist collection experiment, the water mist collection quality is not increased by the same times along with the increase of the surface area of a sample, and the volume is 3 x 3cm2The Janus copper foam water mist collection quality of the size is obviously improved.
The method comprises the steps of preparing copper hydroxide nanowires, copper oxide nanowires and zinc oxide nanorods, grafting Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and the like. The Janus foam copper surface with the micro-nano structure not only shows unique asymmetric wettability (one surface is hydrophobic, and the other surface is super-hydrophilic) at room temperature, but also has stable asymmetric wettability after being placed for a long time. Due to asymmetric wettability of the Janus foam copper, liquid and underwater bubbles are directionally transported in the cross section direction of the Janus foam copper, and when the thickness of the super-hydrophilic layer is larger than that of the hydrophobic layer, liquid drops can be directionally transported from the hydrophobic side to the super-hydrophilic side; when the super-hydrophilic layer is thinner than the hydrophobic layer, the directional transport behavior of the bubbles can occur under water, from the super-hydrophilic side to the hydrophobic side. The asymmetric wettability Janus copper foam has good water collection capacity and high-efficiency water mist collection rate under different inclination angles. Compared with the original copper foam water mist collection quality, the quality is improved by about 209%, and compared with the prepared single super-hydrophilic and super-hydrophobic copper foam, the copper foam water mist collection device still has high-efficiency water mist collection capacity. In addition, the wettability of both sides of the Janus foam copper did not change significantly after standing at room temperature for a long time. Therefore, the Janus foam copper with asymmetric wettability can be popularized in a large scale based on stable and efficient water mist collecting capacity and long-term stable wettability of the surface of the material.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned contents are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention, and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and that the simple modifications or equivalent substitutions of the technical solutions of the present invention by those of ordinary skill in the art can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the Janus foam copper with asymmetric wettability and high-efficiency mist collection capability is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
A. preparing copper hydroxide nanowires on the copper foam: cutting the foamy copper into foamy copper sheets with certain specifications, firstly respectively ultrasonically cleaning the foamy copper sheets by using acetone, ethanol and deionized water, then removing an oxide layer by using 0.1M hydrochloric acid solution, then placing the treated foamy copper into a mixed solution of 1M sodium hydroxide and 0.05M ammonium persulfate for etching for 40-50min, cleaning the foamy copper by using deionized water, and then placing the foamy copper into a vacuum drying oven for drying for 30-50 min;
B. growing ZnO nanorods on copper hydroxide nanowires: soaking the foamy copper obtained in the step A in 0.15M zinc acetate solution for 15-20s, then placing the foamy copper into a muffle furnace with high temperature of 300-320 ℃ for seed injection, soaking the foamy copper after seed injection into mixed water solution of 0.025M zinc nitrate and 0.025M hexamethylene tetramine, keeping the foamy copper at 95-105 ℃ for 12-14h, after the reaction is finished, taking out the foamy copper, cleaning the foamy copper with ethanol, and placing the foamy copper into a vacuum drying box for drying for 30-50 min;
C. preparation of copper foam with hydrophobic/superhydrophilic Janus: and C, spraying PDMS on one side of the copper foam obtained in the step C by using a spraying technology, and irradiating the side with ultraviolet light for 40-50min to form a hydrophobic/super-hydrophilic Janus surface.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the Janus copper foam with asymmetric wettability and high efficiency mist collection capability comprises the following steps: in the step A, the foam copper is etched in a mixed solution of 1M sodium hydroxide and 0.05M ammonium persulfate, and the solution must be uniformly mixed.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the Janus copper foam with asymmetric wettability and high efficiency mist collection capability comprises the following steps: and in the step B, soaking the super-hydrophilic foamy copper growing with the copper hydroxide-zinc oxide micro-nano structure in 0.15M zinc acetate solution for 15-20s, taking out and drying for 5-10min, washing with ethanol, and repeating the steps for 5 times.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the Janus copper foam with asymmetric wettability and high efficiency mist collection capability comprises the following steps: and C, controllably adjusting the spraying distance and the amount of PDMS by using a spraying technology, wherein the spraying distance is 20-50cm, and PDMS is diluted by a trichloromethane solution according to the volume ratio of 1:5, 1:10, 1:15 and 1: 20.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the Janus copper foam with asymmetric wettability and high efficiency mist collection capability comprises the following steps: under the irradiation of ultraviolet light, polydimethylsiloxane is grafted to the ZnO nano-rods and is combined in a covalent bond mode.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the Janus copper foam with asymmetric wettability and high efficiency mist collection capability comprises the following steps: the PDMS grafted side exhibits hydrophobicity and the other side is superhydrophilic.
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