CN110655376B - Steel slag synergistic preparation full-solid waste cementing material and multi-objective optimization method - Google Patents

Steel slag synergistic preparation full-solid waste cementing material and multi-objective optimization method Download PDF

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CN110655376B
CN110655376B CN201911045783.4A CN201911045783A CN110655376B CN 110655376 B CN110655376 B CN 110655376B CN 201911045783 A CN201911045783 A CN 201911045783A CN 110655376 B CN110655376 B CN 110655376B
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cementing material
strength
slag
full
solid waste
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CN110655376A (en
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杨晓炳
温震江
肖柏林
郭斌
吴凡
尹升华
高谦
李胜辉
胡亚军
涂光富
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
Hebei Iron and Steel Group Co Ltd
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University of Science and Technology Beijing USTB
Hebei Iron and Steel Group Mining Co Ltd
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    • C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/142—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements
    • C04B28/144—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements containing synthetic or waste calcium sulfate cements the synthetic calcium sulfate being a flue gas desulfurization product
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    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
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    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
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    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
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Abstract

The invention provides a steel slag synergistic preparation full-solid waste cementing material and a multi-objective optimization method, relates to the technical field of mine site filling, and can realize large-scale and high-added-value resource utilization of low-quality solid waste of steel slag and industrial byproduct gypsum in filling mining, so that the tailing filling mining cost is reduced, and the economic benefit and the environmental protection benefit of the filling mining are improved; the method comprises the steps of preparing a full-solid waste cementing material by using steel slag, industrial by-product gypsum and slag, filling with mine ultrafine full tailings as aggregates, taking strength cost performance of a filling body, filling material cost and slag utilization rate as optimization targets, and taking strength and volume expansion rate of the filling body as constraint conditions to establish a multi-objective optimization model; and obtaining the optimal mixture ratio of each component in the total solid waste cementing material according to a multi-objective optimization model. The technical scheme provided by the invention is suitable for the process of mine field filling.

Description

Steel slag synergistic preparation full-solid waste cementing material and multi-objective optimization method
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The invention relates to the technical field of mine site filling, in particular to a full-solid waste cementing material prepared by steel slag in a synergistic manner and a multi-objective optimization method.
[ background of the invention ]
With the rapid development of national economy and continuous development of resources, resources with high ore grade and good mining technical conditions are gradually exhausted, and mining of ores which are buried deeply, have large ground pressure and are rich in underground water and difficult to mine is faced, so the filling mining method is the primary choice. The ultra-fine full-tailings cemented filling body adopting the cement cementing material has extremely low strength and larger filling slurry pipe transportation resistance, so the cement-sand ratio has to be increased and the slurry concentration has to be reduced to meet the design requirements of filling mining, the mining cost of the ultra-fine full-tailings cemented filling method is high, the economic benefit of filling mining is reduced, and the popularization and application of the tailings filling mining technology are hindered.
With the rapid development of national economy and continuous development of resources, resources with high ore grade and good mining technical conditions are gradually exhausted, and mining of ores which are buried deeply, have large ground pressure and are rich in underground water and difficult to mine is faced, so the filling mining method is the primary choice. The ultra-fine full-tailings cemented filling body adopting the cement cementing material has extremely low strength and larger filling slurry pipe transportation resistance, so the cement-sand ratio has to be increased and the slurry concentration has to be reduced to meet the design requirements of filling mining, the mining cost of the ultra-fine full-tailings cemented filling method is high, the economic benefit of filling mining is reduced, and the popularization and application of the tailings filling mining technology are hindered.
The blast furnace water-quenched slag has high activity, is easy to grind and has no instability, is a good admixture for cement and concrete, and is more and more widely applied. In recent years, with the increasing strictness of environmental protection in China, the production limit of cement and steel enterprises leads to the rise of the price of cement, and blast furnace slag also becomes a scarce resource, so that the cost is increased year by year. In addition, the influence of exciting agent, admixture, long-distance transportation and the like exists, compared with cement, the novel cementing material taking slag as the main material has no price advantage, and the contradiction that slag resources are also supplied and sold exists.
In order to develop a low-cost cementing material, Chinese patent CN104446296A discloses a filling material prepared from industrial solid wastes and a preparation method thereof, wherein the filling material without aggregate is prepared by taking fly ash as a main material and adding an expanding agent. The filling material not only leads to the extensive utilization of fly ash resources, but also prevents the backfilling treatment of the metal mine ore dressing tailings, and the stacking on the ground surface also faces the problems of safety and environmental protection. The Chinese invention patent CN104086216A discloses an ecological filling material prepared by using multi-component solid waste and a preparation and application method thereof, wherein the filling material is prepared by taking red mud, construction waste and coal gangue as main materials and adding various additives such as an expanding agent, aluminum powder, an air entraining agent, a water reducing agent, cellulose ether, a foam stabilizer and the like, so that the cost of the filling material is increased, and the production process is complicated. Particularly, the construction waste and the coal gangue face the problems of source, transportation and unavailable utilization of tailings in the metal mine, and are difficult to be used in the metal mine. The Chinese invention patent CN106565187B discloses a low-cost filling cementing material for extra-fine full tailings, a manufacturing process and a using method, wherein the filling cementing material is prepared from 79-80% of slag, 2-6% of lime, 14-18% of gypsum, 0.1-0.2% of caustic soda, 0.1-0.2% of sodium silicate and 0.1-0.3% of sodium sulfate. CN103145354A discloses a clinker-free compound type tailing consolidating agent, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the consolidating agent is prepared from 55-72% of slag, 20-35% of desulfurized ash and 2-15% of an exciting agent. The two cementing materials can utilize part of low-quality desulfurization byproducts and ore dressing tailings, but mainly use blast furnace slag, and the material cost of the two cementing materials is not much different from that of cementing powder and a full-sand soil consolidating agent.
The steel slag is solid waste discharged by steel making, has low activity, large hardness and high grinding cost, and the free calcium oxide contained in the steel slag has the problems of volume expansion and stability, so that the utilization rate of the steel slag is only 22 percent. The industrial by-product gypsum is the by-product waste residue derived from industrial production, and mainly comprises desulfurized gypsum, desulfurized ash, fluorgypsum, phosphogypsum and the like. At present, the utilization rate is 40-50%, most of the utilization rate is extensive, the technical content is low, and the additional value is low. Particularly, the semi-dry desulphurization byproduct desulphurization ash contains unstable mineral components of calcium sulfite, so that the resource utilization difficulty is higher, and most of the desulphurization ash is stacked except a small amount of the desulphurization ash is used for cement admixture at present. Therefore, the steel slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum waste slag are low-quality solid waste resources which are difficult to utilize at present. The development of the scale and high-added-value utilization of the solid waste resources is not slow at all.
Therefore, there is a need to develop a steel slag synergistic preparation of full solid waste cementitious material and a multi-objective optimization method to address the deficiencies of the prior art, so as to solve or alleviate one or more of the above problems.
[ summary of the invention ]
In view of the above, the invention provides a steel slag synergistic preparation full-solid waste cementing material and a multi-objective optimization method, the prepared full-solid waste cementing material not only meets the mining requirement of a filling method, but also realizes large-scale and high-added-value resource utilization of the steel slag and industrial byproduct gypsum in filling mining, so that the tailing filling mining cost is reduced, and the economic benefit and the environmental protection benefit of the filling mining are improved.
On one hand, the invention provides a multi-objective optimization method for preparing a full-solid waste cementing material by steel slag synergy, which is characterized in that the full-solid waste cementing material is prepared by adopting the steel slag, industrial byproduct gypsum and slag, and a filling body is prepared by taking mine superfine full tailings as aggregate;
establishing a multi-objective optimization model by taking the strength cost performance of the filling body, the cost of filling materials and the utilization rate of slag as optimization targets and taking the strength and the volume expansion rate of the filling body as constraint conditions; and obtaining the optimal mixture ratio of each component in the total solid waste cementing material according to a multi-objective optimization model.
The above-described aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, and the specific steps of the method include:
s1, analyzing and processing the steel slag, the industrial by-product gypsum, the slag and the mine superfine full tailings;
s2, testing the strength and the expansion rate of the full-solid waste cementing material cemented filling body to obtain the test results of the strength and the volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body;
s3, establishing a multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material;
and S4, solving the multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material to obtain the optimal proportion of the all-solid-waste cementing material.
As for the above-mentioned aspect and any possible implementation manner, further providing an implementation manner, the specific content of S1 includes: the steel slag, the industrial by-product gypsum, the slag and the mine superfine full tailings are dried and ground, and particle size analysis and distribution characteristic value calculation are respectively carried out.
The above-described aspects and any possible implementation further provide an implementation manner, and the S2 is specifically to perform a strength test and a volume expansion rate test on the cemented filling body according to the cement mortar strength test method B/T17671-1999, so as to obtain test results of the strength and the volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body.
As for the above-mentioned aspect and any possible implementation manner, further providing an implementation manner, S3 specifically is: the method is characterized in that a multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material is established by taking the highest strength cost performance of a filling body, the lowest cost of a filling material and the lowest utilization rate of slag as optimization targets and taking the strength and the volume expansion rate of the filling body as constraint conditions.
As for the above-mentioned aspect and any possible implementation manner, there is further provided an implementation manner, and the specific step of S3 includes:
s31, performing quadratic polynomial stepwise regression analysis according to the test result of S2, and establishing a regression function of the strength and the volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body;
s32, establishing a cost function of the all-solid-waste cementing material according to the cost of the steel slag, the industrial byproduct gypsum, the slag and the mine superfine all-tailings;
s33, establishing a slag utilization function of the all-solid-waste cementing material according to the test results of the strength and the volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body and a regression function;
s34, establishing a strength function of the cement filling body of the full-solid waste cementing material according to the regression function of the strength and the volume expansion rate of the cement filling body and the cost function of the full-solid waste cementing material;
and S35, establishing a multi-objective optimization model of the full solid waste cementing material according to S1-S4.
The above-mentioned aspects and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, and the multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material specifically includes:
optimizing the target: max [ (P)28d+λP7d)-(CT+Kz)]＝Max[(f7+λf6)-(f4+ηf5)]；
Constraint conditions are as follows: r7d＝f1(X)≥[R7d]、R28d＝f2(X)≥[R28d]、V28d＝f3(X)≤[V28d]；
Wherein λ represents a weight of strength cost performance of the filler 7d, η represents a weight of slag utilization ratio, [ R ]7d]And [ R ]28d]Target strength of the cemented filling body, [ V ], at 7d and 28d, respectively28d]Volume expansion ratio of the cemented filling body at 28d, R7d、R28dRepresents the strength at which the packs 7d and 28d were cemented; v28dRepresents the expansion rate of the filling body 28 d; x represents the independent variable of the activator of the all-solid-waste cementing material; f. of1(X)、f2(X) represents the strength function of the cemented filling mass 7d, 28d, respectively; f. of3(X) represents the volumetric expansion ratio function of the filling body 28 d; cTRepresenting the total solid waste cementitious material cost, f4Represents a cost function of the total solid waste cementing material; kzRepresenting slag utilization, f5Representing a slag utilization function; p7d、P28dRespectively representing the strength cost performance of the cemented filling bodies 7d and 28d, f6、f7Respectively representing the strength cost performance function of the cemented filling bodies 7d and 28 d.
The above aspects and any possible implementation further provide an implementation, wherein the steel slag is an alkaline steel slag.
The above aspects and any possible implementations further provide an implementation in which the industrial by-product gypsum is one or more of desulfurized gypsum, fluorgypsum, desulfurized ash, and phosphogypsum.
On the other hand, the invention provides a full-solid waste cementing material prepared by the steel slag in a synergistic way, which is characterized in that the full-solid waste cementing material is prepared by adopting any one of the multi-objective optimization methods for preparing the full-solid waste cementing material by the steel slag in a synergistic way; the full-solid waste cementing material comprises steel slag, industrial byproduct gypsum and slag; the mass ratio of the steel slag is 30-35%, the mass ratio of the industrial byproduct gypsum is 8-24%, and the mass ratio of the slag is 41-62%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention can obtain the following technical effects: the optimization method takes the strength cost performance of a cemented filling body, the cost of a filled cementing material and the utilization rate of slag as optimization targets, and takes the strength and the volume expansion rate of the filling body as constraint conditions to establish a multi-objective optimization model optimization decision, so that the low-cost and high-performance all-solid-waste cementing material is prepared.
Of course, it is not necessary for any one product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described technical effects simultaneously.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a multi-objective optimization method for the synergistic preparation of a superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material from steel slag according to one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the particle size distribution of steel slag micropowder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing a particle size distribution of fine slag powder according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a particle size distribution of desulfurized gypsum provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the particle size distribution of ultra-fine full tailings provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the particle size distribution of fluorogypsum provided in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a particle size distribution graph of desulphurised ash provided by an embodiment of the invention.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
For better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the following detailed descriptions of the embodiments of the present invention are provided with reference to the accompanying drawings.
It should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the examples of the present invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The filling material for the mine consists of 3 parts: cementing material, aggregate and water. The cementing material is a full-solid waste cementing material prepared from steel slag, slag and industrial byproduct gypsum materials. The aggregate is superfine full tailings.
The invention aims to develop a way of recycling low-quality solid waste of steel slag and industrial byproduct gypsum, discloses a multi-target optimization method for preparing a superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material by utilizing steel slag in a synergistic manner aiming at a superfine full-tailing filling material of a metal mine, and provides an optimization method for a full-solid waste cementing material by utilizing steel slag in a synergistic manner with industrial byproduct gypsum. The method utilizes the steel slag and the industrial by-product gypsum to prepare the composite excitant, and the blast furnace slag is excited to generate water hardening reaction, so that the prepared cementing material not only meets the requirements of filling mining on the strength and the volume expansibility of a cementing body, but also has the lowest cost and the highest strength cost performance; particularly, the addition amount of the high-quality slag of the full-solid waste filling cementing material is the lowest, so that the utilization rate of low-quality solid waste resources of steel slag and industrial by-product gypsum is increased.
The optimization method for preparing the superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material through the cooperation of the steel slag is shown in figure 1 and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. analyzing and treating the full-solid waste gelled material and the superfine full tailings:
(1) drying and grinding solid waste materials such as steel slag, industrial byproduct gypsum and the like and superfine full tailings, and then carrying out particle size analysis and distribution characteristic value calculation on different solid waste materials;
the specific surface areas of the steel slag, the industrial by-product gypsum solid waste and the mineral dressing superfine full-tailing material are respectively more than or equal to 450m2/kg、420m2/kg、300m2/kg and water content respectively<3%, 3% and 8% of powder, and then carrying out particle size analysis and distribution characteristic value calculation; the content of 200-mesh fine particles in the mineral dressing superfine full tailings is less than or equal to 85 percent, and the water content is less than or equal to 8 percent.
2. And (3) testing the strength and the expansion rate of the filling body of the full-solid waste cementing material:
(2) according to the solid waste material and the superfine full tailings in the step (1), designing a test scheme of the strength and the volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body;
(3) carrying out test material proportioning measurement and filling slurry preparation according to the step (2), and carrying out a strength test and a volume expansion rate test on the cemented filling body according to a cement mortar strength test method B/T17671-1999 to obtain test results of the strength and the volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body;
3. establishing a multi-objective function and a constraint function of the total solid waste cementing material by adopting a regression analysis method:
(4) according to the step (3), a quadratic polynomial is adopted to carry out stepwise regression analysis on the test data, and the strength and the volume expansion of the cemented filling body are establishedExpansion ratio regression model R7d＝f1(X)、R28d＝f2(X)、V28d＝f3(X); wherein R is7d、R28dRepresents the strength at which the packs 7d and 28d were cemented; v28dRepresents the expansion rate of the filling body 28 d; x ═ X1,x2,x3Represents the independent variable of the activator of the all-solid-waste cementing material, wherein, x1Representing the amount of steel slag, x2Represents the industrial byproduct gypsum mixing amount, x3Representing the slag mixing amount; f. of1(X)、f2(X) represents the strength models of the cemented filling mass 7d, 28d, respectively; f. of3(X) represents the inflation rate model of the filling body 28 d;
(5) calculating the cost of the all-solid-waste cementing material of each test scheme according to the cost of the steel slag, the slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum solid waste material in the steps (1) and (2) and the test schemes, and establishing an all-solid-waste cementing material cost model CT＝f4(X); wherein, CTRepresenting the total solid waste cementitious material cost, f4(X) represents a total solid waste cementitious material cost model;
(6) according to the steps (3) and (4), establishing a model K of the utilization rate (percentage of the slag in the cementing material) of the slag of the total solid waste cementing materialz＝f5(X); wherein, KzRepresenting slag utilization, f5(Y) represents a slag utilization model, Y ═ x1,x2,R7d,R28dRepresenting an independent variable vector of the slag utilization rate model;
(7) according to the steps (4) to (6), establishing a strength cost performance model P of the full-solid waste cementing material cemented filling body7d＝f6(X)、P28d＝f7(X); wherein, P7d、P28dRespectively representing the strength cost performance (the ratio of material cost to strength) of the cemented filling bodies 7d and 28d, f6(X)、f7(X) respectively represents strength cost performance models of the cemented filling bodies 7d and 28 d;
(8) determining the design strength [ R ] of the cemented filling body according to the mining technical conditions, the filling mining method and the stoping process by means of engineering experience and filling mining design7d]、[R28d]Allowable value of expansion coefficient of filler[V28d]；
4. Establishing a steel slag and industrial byproduct gypsum coordinated multi-objective optimization model for preparing a full-solid waste cementing material:
(9) according to the function models in the steps (6) to (8), the strength cost performance (highest) of the filling body, the cost (lowest) of the filling material and the utilization rate (lowest) of the slag are taken as optimization targets, the strength and the volume expansion rate of the filling body are taken as constraint conditions, and a multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material is established as follows:
optimizing the target: max [ (P)28d+λP7d)-(CT+Kz)]＝Max[(f7+λf6)-(f4+ηf5)](1)
Constraint conditions are as follows: r7d＝f1(X)≥[R7d]、R28d＝f2(X)≥[R28d]、V28d＝f3(X)≤[V28d](2)
Wherein, lambda represents the strength cost performance weight of the filling body 7d, and eta represents the slag utilization rate weight; these two weights are obtained according to the requirements of the particular mine for the strength of the fill 7d, 28 d.
5. Solving a multi-objective optimization model for preparing the full-solid waste cementing material by using the steel slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum:
(10) and (4) solving the multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material in the step (9) to obtain the all-solid-waste cementing material of the superfine all-tailings, wherein the strength and the volume expansion rate of the filling body meet the requirements of filling mine safety mining, the cost performance of the strength of the cemented filling body is highest, the cost of the all-solid-waste cementing material is lowest, and the utilization rate of high-quality slag is lowest, so that the maximization of resource utilization of low-quality solid waste in filling mining is realized.
Example 1:
the multi-objective optimization method for preparing the superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material by using the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum comprises the following steps:
step 1, analyzing and processing all solid waste cementing material test materials
And (3) drying, screening and grinding solid waste materials and superfine full-tailing filling aggregate of the full-solid-waste cementing material prepared from the steel slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum, and analyzing the particle size of the materials and calculating the characteristic value.
(1) The particle size distribution curve of the steel slag micropowder is shown in figure 2. Thereby obtaining the average grain diameter d of the steel slag micro powderav＝28.84μm，d10＝4.02μm，d30＝10.41μm，d50＝20.09μm，d60＝25.66μm，d9058.76 μm; wherein d is10Representing 10% by number of particles smaller than the average particle diameter, d30、d50、d60、d90Means of and d10Similarly; coefficient of non-uniformity Cu＝d60/d106.38, coefficient of curvature Cc＝d3 2 0/d60·d101.05; the fineness of the steel slag micro powder is 18 percent. The mineral composition of the steel slag is shown in Table 1, and the alkalinity coefficient M of the steel slag is CaO/(SiO)2+P2O5)＝2.18>1.8, belonging to medium alkalinity steel slag. 1.8 is a constant alkalinity coefficient, which is an index for evaluating the alkalinity of the steel slag.
Table 1: analysis results of mineral composition of Steel slag
Figure BDA0002254094900000071
(2) The particle size distribution curve of the slag powder is shown in figure 3, and the average particle size d of the slag powder is obtained by the techniqueav＝22.98μm，d10＝2.81μm，d30＝7.72μm，d50＝14.68μm，d60＝19.82μm，d9047.95 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity Cu＝d60/d107.05, coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000072
The fineness was 11.41%. The mineral composition analysis results of the slag are shown in Table 2, and the alkalinity coefficient M0＝(CaO+MgO)/(SiO2+Al2O3)＝1.14>1 belongs to alkaline slag, the alkalinity coefficient is the proportion of alkaline substances and acidic substances in the slag, 1 represents that the alkaline substances and the acidic substances are equal, and the alkalinity coefficient is more than 1 represents that the alkaline substances are more than the acidic substances in the slagAnd (4) a sexual substance. Mass coefficient of slag
Figure BDA0002254094900000081
Belongs to high-quality slag; 1.8 is a constant for evaluating the quality of slag, and a slag quality coefficient of more than 1.8 indicates high quality of slag. Slag activity index
Figure BDA0002254094900000082
Belongs to slag with high activity; 0.3 is a constant for evaluating slag reactivity, and a reactivity index of more than 0.3 indicates high slag reactivity.
Table 2: results of slag chemical component analysis
Figure BDA0002254094900000083
(3) The distribution curve of the particle size of the desulfurized gypsum is shown in figure 4, and the average particle size d of the desulfurized gypsum is obtainedav＝47.5μm，d10＝19.41μm，d30＝28.94μm，d50＝38.02μm，d60＝44.11μm，d9073.86 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity
Figure BDA0002254094900000084
Coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000085
The fineness is 38%. The chemical composition analysis results of desulfurized gypsum are shown in Table 3, SO350.2%, the quality is better.
Table 3: analysis result of mineral composition of desulfurized gypsum
Figure BDA0002254094900000086
(4) The distribution curve of the superfine whole tailing grain diameter is shown in figure 5, the content of tailing plus 200-mesh fine particles is 84.6 percent, and the average grain diameter d of the tailing isav＝50.29μm，d10＝5.66μm，d30＝21.68μm，d50＝38.14μm，d60＝48.29μm，d9097.93 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity
Figure BDA0002254094900000087
Coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000088
Step 2, testing the strength and the expansion rate of the filling body of the full-solid waste cementing material
Aiming at the steel slag micro powder, the desulfurized gypsum, the slag micro powder solid waste material and the superfine full-tailing filling aggregate in the step 1, a mortar-to-mortar ratio of 1:4 and a slurry concentration of 65 percent are adopted to prepare a cemented filling body test block, and after curing is carried out for 7d and 28d in a curing box with the temperature of 22 +/-1 ℃ and the humidity of more than 95 percent, uniaxial compressive strength and volume expansion rate of a filling body are tested, so that the test results are obtained and are shown in table 4.
Step 3, establishing a multi-objective optimization function and a constraint function of the total solid waste cementing material
And (3) according to the test result of the superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material prepared by the steel slag and the desulfurized gypsum in the step (2), carrying out stepwise regression analysis on the test result by adopting a quadratic polynomial, and thus establishing a multi-objective optimization model of the cementing material.
The strength cost performance function of the cemented filling mass 7d was established by regression analysis as follows:
P7d＝-0.228+0.114x2-0.00128x2x2-0.00116x1x2(1)
the strength cost performance function of the cemented pack 28d was established by regression analysis as follows:
P28d＝0.650-0.0126x1+0.126x2-0.00152x2x2-0.00144x1x2(2)
wherein x is1Steel slag micropowder in percent; x is the number of2Is desulfurized gypsum.
Table 4: strength test result of cemented filling body of superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material prepared by steel slag and desulfurized gypsum
Figure BDA0002254094900000101
The slag utilization function was established by regression analysis as follows:
Kz＝83.0-0.880x1-0.508x1R7d+0.247x1R28d(3)
according to the material cost of the steel slag micropowder to the mineral price of 168 yuan/ton, the slag micropowder to the mineral price of 328 yuan/ton, the desulfurized gypsum to the mineral price of 117 yuan/ton and the cement of 42.5 to the mineral price of 400 yuan/ton, the cost function of the filling cementing material is established as follows:
CT＝326.4-1.57x1-1.98x2-0.00216x2x2-0.00152x1x2(4)
the strength function of the cemented filling mass 7d was established as follows:
R7d＝-0.554+0.294x2-0.00369x2x2-0.00311x1x2(5)
the strength regression function for the pack 28d was established as follows:
R28d＝6.72-0.266x1+0.255x2+0.00276x1x1-0.00371x2x2-0.00264x1x2(6)
establishing a regression function of the volume expansion rate of the cemented pack 28d as follows:
V28d＝-20.23+1.13x1-1.08x2-0.019x1x1+0.0047x2x2+0.021x1x2(7)
step 4, establishing a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material
According to the objective function and the constraint function in the step 3, with the maximum strength cost performance of the filling body, the lowest filling material cost and slag resource utilization rate as optimization objectives and the strength and volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body as constraint conditions, a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material is established as follows:
a multi-objective optimization function: max (P)28d+λP7d)-Kz-CT
＝(0.650-0.0126x1+0.126x2-0.00152x2x2-0.00144x1x2)+0.5(-0.228+0.114x2-0.00128x2x2-0.00116x1x2)-83.0-0.880x1-0.508x1R7d+0.247x1R28d)-(326.4-1.57x1-1.98x2-0.00216x2x2-0.00152x1x2) (8)
(2) Strength constraint condition of cemented filling body
R7d≥[R7d]＝-0.554+0.294x2-0.00369x2x2-0.00311x1x2≥1.0MPa (9)
R28d≥[R28d]＝6.72-0.266x1+0.255x2+0.00276x1x1-0.00371x2x2-0.00264x1x2≥2.5MPa (10)
(3) Constraint condition of filling body expansion rate
V28d≤[V28d]＝-20.23+1.13x1-1.08x2-0.019x1x1+0.0047x2x2+0.021x1x2≤5％ (11)
Step 5, solving a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material
And 4, solving the multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material in the step 4 to obtain the optimal mixture ratio of the cementing material, namely 35% of steel slag micro powder, 24% of desulfurized gypsum and 41% of slag micro powder. Strength R of filler 7d7dStrength R of 1.85MPa, 28d28d2.87 MPa; the cost of the full-solid waste filling material is 221 yuan/t, and the strength cost performance P of the filling body 7d7d＝0.965×10-2Cost performance P of MPa/yuan, 28d strength28d＝1.326×10-2MPa/yuan. Compared with the price of P.O 42.5.5 cement 400 yuan/t, the cost of the total solid waste cementing material is reduced by 45%.
Example 2:
the multi-objective optimization method for preparing the superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material by using the steel slag and the fluorgypsum comprises the following steps:
step 1, analyzing and processing all solid waste cementing material test materials
And (3) drying, screening and grinding solid waste materials and superfine full-tailing filling aggregate of the full-solid-waste cementing material prepared from the steel slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum, and analyzing the particle size of the materials and calculating the characteristic value.
(1) The particle size distribution curve of the steel slag micropowder is shown in figure 2. Thereby obtaining the average grain diameter d of the steel slag micro powderav＝28.84μm，d10＝4.02μm，d30＝10.41μm，d50＝20.09μm，d60＝25.66μm，d9058.76 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity Cu＝d60/d106.38, coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000111
The fineness of the steel slag micro powder is 18 percent. The mineral components of the steel slag are shown in Table 1, and the basicity coefficient M of the steel slag obtained by the technology is CaO/(SiO)2+P2O5)＝2.18>1.8, belonging to medium alkalinity steel slag.
(2) The particle size distribution curve of the slag powder is shown in figure 3, and the average particle size d of the slag powder is obtained by the techniqueav＝22.98μm，d10＝2.81μm，d30＝7.72μm，d50＝14.68μm，d60＝19.82μm，d9047.95 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity Cu＝d60/d107.05, coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000112
The fineness was 11.41%. The mineral composition analysis results of the slag are shown in Table 2, and the alkalinity coefficient M0＝(CaO+MgO)/(SiO2+Al2O3)＝1.14>1 belongs to alkaline slag. Mass coefficient of slag
Figure BDA0002254094900000113
Belonging to high-quality slag. Slag activity index Ma＝(Al2O3/SiO2)＝0.46>0.30, belonging to slag with high activity.
(3) The average particle diameter d of the fluorogypsum is shown in FIG. 6av＝44.92μm，d10＝2.28μm，d30＝18.92μm，d50＝36.23μm，d60＝43.01μm，d9072.86 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity
Figure BDA0002254094900000114
Coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000115
The fineness of the fluorgypsum is 36.8 percent. The results of the mineral composition analysis of fluorogypsum are shown in Table 5.
Table 5: results of analyzing fluorgypsum mineral composition
Figure BDA0002254094900000116
Figure BDA0002254094900000121
(4) The distribution curve of the superfine whole tailing grain diameter is shown in figure 5, the content of tailing plus 200-mesh fine particles is 84.6 percent, and the average grain diameter d of the tailing isav＝50.29μm，d10＝5.66μm，d30＝21.68μm，d50＝38.14μm，d60＝48.29μm，d9097.93 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity
Figure BDA0002254094900000122
Coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000123
Step 2, testing the strength and the expansion rate of the filling body of the full-solid waste cementing material
Aiming at the steel slag micro powder, the fluorgypsum, the slag micro powder solid waste material and the superfine full-tailing filling aggregate in the step 1, a mortar ratio of 1:4 and a slurry concentration of 65 percent are adopted to prepare a cemented filling body test block, and after curing is carried out for 7d and 28d in a curing box with the temperature of 22 +/-1 ℃ and the humidity of more than 95 percent, uniaxial compressive strength and volume expansion rate of a filling body are tested, so that the test results are obtained and shown in a table 6.
Table 6: test result of strength of cemented filling body of superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material prepared by steel slag and fluorgypsum
Figure BDA0002254094900000124
3. Establishing a multi-objective optimization function and a constraint function of the total solid waste cementing material
And (3) preparing a test result of the superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material according to the steel slag and the fluorgypsum in the step 2, and performing stepwise regression analysis on the test result by adopting a quadratic polynomial to establish a multi-objective optimization model of the full-solid waste cementing material.
The strength cost performance function of the cemented filling mass 7d was established by regression analysis as follows:
P7d＝-3.43+0.457x2+0.00140x1x1-0.00609x2x2-0.00599x1x2(12)
the strength cost performance function of the cemented pack 28d was established by regression analysis as follows:
P28d＝-2.33+0.0384x1+0.371x2-0.00643x2x2-0.00351x1x2(13)
wherein x is1Steel slag micropowder in percent; x is the number of2Is fluorgypsum percent.
The slag utilization function was established by regression analysis as follows:
Kz＝49.79-0.0334x1x1-4.04R7dR7d+0.453x1R28d(14)
according to the condition that the steel slag micro powder reaches the mineral price of 168 yuan/ton, the slag micro powder reaches the mineral price of 328 yuan/ton and the fluorine gypsum reaches the mineral price of 110 yuan/ton. The cost function for establishing the full solid waste filling cementing material is as follows:
CT＝301.37-2.26x2-0.0244x1x1(15)
the strength function of the cemented filling mass 7d was established as follows:
R7d＝-7.80+1.08x2+0.00342x1x1-0.0138x2x2-0.0152x1x2(16)
the strength regression function for the pack 28d was established as follows:
R28d＝-1.08+0.613x2-0.00114x1x1-0.0164x2x2(17)
establishing a regression function of the volume expansion rate of the cemented pack 28d as follows:
V28d＝-23.33+0.454x1+0.836x2-0.0279x1x2(18)
step 4, establishing a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material
According to the objective function and the constraint function in the step 3, with the maximum strength cost performance of the filling body, the lowest filling material cost and slag resource utilization rate as optimization objectives and the strength and volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body as constraint conditions, a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material is established as follows:
a multi-objective optimization function: max (P)28d+λP7d)-Kz-CT＝
(-2.33+0.0384x1+0.371x2-0.00643x2x2-0.00351x1x2)+0.5(-3.43+0.457x2+0.00140x1x1-0.00609x2x2-0.00599x1x2)-(49.79-0.0334x1x1-4.04R7dR7d+0.453x1R28d)-(301.37-2.26x2-0.0244x1x1) (19)
(2) Strength constraint condition of cemented filling body
R7d≥[R7d]＝-7.80+1.08x2+0.00342x1x1-0.0138x2x2-0.0152x1x2≥1.0MPa (20)
R28d≥[R28d]＝-1.08+0.613x2-0.00114x1x1-0.0164x2x2≥2.5MPa (21)
(3) Constraint condition of filling body expansion rate
V28d≤[V28d]＝-23.33+0.454x1+0.836x2-0.0279x1x2≤5％ (22)
Step 5, solving a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material
And 4, solving the multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material in the step 4, so as to obtain the cementing material with the optimal mixture ratio of 35% of steel slag micro powder, 18% of fluorgypsum and 47% of slag micro powder. Strength R of filler 7d7dStrength R of 1.74MPa and 28d28d3.24 MPa; cost performance ratio P of 231 yuan/t, 7d strength of full-solid waste filling material7d＝0.753×10-2Cost performance P of MPa/yuan, 28d strength28d＝1.403×10-2MPa/yuan. Compared with the price of P.O 42.5.5 cement 400 yuan/t, the cost of the total solid waste cementing material is reduced by 42 percent.
Example 3:
the multi-objective optimization method for preparing the superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material by using the steel slag and the desulfurized ash slag comprises the following steps:
step 1, analyzing and processing all solid waste cementing material test materials
And (3) drying, screening and grinding solid waste materials and superfine full-tailing filling aggregate of the full-solid-waste cementing material prepared from the steel slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum, and analyzing the particle size of the materials and calculating the characteristic value.
(1) The particle size distribution curve of the steel slag micropowder is shown in figure 2. Thereby obtaining the average grain diameter d of the steel slag micro powderav＝28.84μm，d10＝4.02μm，d30＝10.41μm，d50＝20.09μm，d60＝25.66μm，d9058.76 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity Cu＝d60/d106.38, coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000141
Steel slagThe fineness of the micro powder is 18 percent. The mineral composition of the steel slag is shown in Table 1, and the alkalinity coefficient M of the steel slag is CaO/(SiO)2+P2O5)＝2.18>2.5, belonging to high alkalinity steel slag.
(2) The slag powder particle size distribution curve is shown in FIG. 3, from which the average slag powder particle size d is calculatedav＝22.98μm，d10＝2.81μm，d30＝7.72μm，d50＝14.68μm，d60＝19.82μm，d9047.95 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity Cu＝d60/d107.05, coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000142
The fineness was 11.41%. The mineral composition analysis results of the slag are shown in Table 2, and the alkalinity coefficient M0＝(CaO+MgO)/(SiO2+Al2O3)＝1.14>1 belongs to alkaline slag. Mass coefficient of slag
Figure BDA0002254094900000143
Belonging to high-quality slag. Slag activity index
Figure BDA0002254094900000144
Belongs to slag with high activity.
(3) The distribution curve of the particle size of the desulfurized ash is shown in figure 7, and the average particle size of the desulfurized ash is obtained as follows: dav＝14.68μm，d10＝2.31μm，d30＝4.83μm，d50＝7.82μm，d60＝10.22μm，d9032.32 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity
Figure BDA0002254094900000145
Coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000146
The fineness is 4.8%. The results of the mineral composition analysis of the fluorgypsum are shown in Table 7, and SO in the desulfurized ash3The content is only 28.6%.
Table 7: analysis result of chemical components of desulfurized ash
Figure BDA0002254094900000147
Figure BDA0002254094900000151
(4) The distribution curve of the superfine whole tailing grain size is shown in figure 5, the content of tailing plus 200-mesh fine particles is 84.6%, the average tailing grain size dav is 50.29 micrometers, d10 is 5.66 micrometers, d30 is 21.68 micrometers, d50 is 38.14 micrometers, d60 is 48.29 micrometers, and d90 is 97.93 micrometers; coefficient of non-uniformity
Figure BDA0002254094900000152
Coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000153
Step 2, testing the strength and the expansion rate of the filling body of the full-solid waste cementing material
Aiming at the steel slag micro powder, the desulfurized ash, the slag micro powder solid waste material and the superfine full-tailing filling aggregate in the step 1, a mortar-to-sand ratio of 1:4 and a slurry concentration of 65 percent are adopted to prepare a cemented filling body test block, and after curing is carried out for 7d and 28d in a curing box with the temperature of 22 +/-1 ℃ and the humidity of more than 95 percent, uniaxial compressive strength and volume expansion rate of a filling body are tested, so that the test results are obtained and are shown in Table 8.
Step 3, establishing a multi-objective optimization function and a constraint function of the total solid waste cementing material
And (3) according to the test result of the superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material prepared by the steel slag and the fluorgypsum in the step (2), carrying out stepwise regression analysis on the test result by adopting a quadratic polynomial, and establishing a multi-objective optimization model of the full-solid waste cementing material.
Table 8: strength test result of cemented filling body of superfine full-tailing and full-solid waste cementing material prepared by cooperation of steel slag and desulfurized ash
Figure BDA0002254094900000154
Figure BDA0002254094900000161
The strength cost performance function of the cemented filling mass 7d was established by regression analysis as follows:
P14d＝-1.626+0.0887x1+0.0812x2-0.00111x1x1-0.00194x2x2-0.00105x1x2(23)
the strength cost performance function of the cemented pack 28d was established by regression analysis as follows:
P28d＝2.748-0.136x1+0.205x2+0.00191x1x1-0.00415x2x2-0.00334x1x2(24)
wherein x is1Steel slag micropowder in percent; x is the number of2Is desulfurized ash residue percent.
The slag utilization function was established by regression analysis as follows:
Kz＝373.74-15.51x1-62.79R28d+0.17x1x1+2.66R28dR28d+1.85x1R28d(25)
according to the condition that the ore price of the steel slag micro powder is 168 yuan/ton, the ore price of the slag micro powder is 328 yuan/ton and the ore price of the desulfurized ash is 62 yuan/ton. The cost function for building a filled cementitious material is as follows:
CT＝327.93-1.597x1-2.631x2-0.00101x1x2(26)
the strength function of the cemented filling mass 7d was established as follows:
R14d＝-3.824+0.206x1+0.226x2-0.00249x1x1-0.00493x2x2-0.00336x1x2(27)
the strength regression function for the pack 28d was established as follows:
R28d＝8.395-0.413x1+0.522x2+0.00567x1x1-0.0108x2x2-0.00865x1x2(28)
establishing a regression function of the volume expansion rate of the cemented pack 28d as follows:
V28d＝-0.0765-0.294x1-0.341x2+0.00312x2x2+0.0158x1x2(29)
4. establishing multi-objective optimization model of all-solid-waste cementing material
According to the objective function and the constraint function in the step 3, with the maximum strength cost performance of the filling body, the lowest filling material cost and slag resource utilization rate as optimization objectives and the strength and volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body as constraint conditions, a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material is established as follows:
a multi-objective optimization function: max (P)28d+λP7d)-Kz-CT
＝(2.748-0.136x1+0.205x2+0.00191x1x1-0.00415x2x2-0.00334x1x2)+0.5(-1.626+0.0887x1+0.0812x2-0.00111x1x1-0.00194x2x2-0.00105x1x2)-(373.74-15.51x1-62.79R28d+0.17x1x1+2.66R28dR28d+1.85x1R28d)-(327.93-1.597x1-2.631x2-0.00101x1x2)(30)
(2) Strength constraint condition of cemented filling body
R14d≥[R14d]＝-3.824+0.206x1+0.226x2-0.00249x1x1-0.00493x2x2-0.00336x1x2≥0.8MPa (31)
R28d≥[R28d]＝8.395-0.413x1+0.522x2+0.00567x1x1-0.0108x2x2-0.00865x1x2≥2.5MPa (32)
(3) Constraint condition of filling body expansion rate
V28d≤[V28d]＝0.0765-0.294x1-0.341x2+0.00312x2x2+0.0158x1x2≤5％ (33)
Step 5, solving a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material
And 4, solving the multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material in the step 4 to obtain the optimal mixture ratio of the cementing material, namely 30% of steel slag micro powder, 8% of desulfurized ash and 62% of slag micro powder. Strength R of cementitious filling 14d14d0.80MPa, 28d Strength R28d2.87 MPa; cost performance ratio P of 259 yuan/t, 14d strength of full-solid waste filling material14d＝0.309×10-2Cost performance P of MPa/yuan, 28d strength28d＝1.109×10-2MPa/yuan. Compared with the price of P.O 42.5.5 cement 400 yuan/t, the cost of the total solid waste cementing material is reduced by 35 percent.
Example 4:
the multi-objective optimization method for preparing the superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material by using the steel slag, the desulfurized gypsum and the desulfurized ash slag comprises the following steps:
step 1, analyzing and processing all solid waste cementing material test materials
And (3) drying, screening and grinding solid waste materials and superfine full-tailing filling aggregate of the full-solid-waste cementing material prepared from the steel slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum, and analyzing the particle size of the materials and calculating the characteristic value.
(1) The particle size distribution curve of the steel slag micropowder is shown in figure 2. Thereby obtaining the average grain diameter d of the steel slag micro powderav＝28.84μm，d10＝4.02μm，d30＝10.41μm，d50＝20.09μm，d60＝25.66μm，d9058.76 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity Cu＝d60/d106.38, coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000171
The fineness of the steel slag micro powder is 18 percent. The mineral components of the steel slag are shown in Table 1, and the basicity coefficient M of the steel slag obtained by the technology is CaO/(SiO)2+P2O5)＝2.18>2.5, belonging to high alkalinity steel slag.
(2) The slag powder particle size distribution curve is shown in FIG. 3, from which the average slag powder particle size d is calculatedav＝22.98μm，d10＝2.81μm，d30＝7.72μm，d50＝14.68μm，d60＝19.82μm，d9047.95 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity Cu＝d60/d107.05, coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000181
The fineness was 11.41%. The mineral composition analysis results of the slag are shown in Table 2, and the alkalinity coefficient M0＝(CaO+MgO)/(SiO2+Al2O3)＝1.14>1 belongs to alkaline slag. Mass coefficient of slag
Figure BDA0002254094900000182
Belonging to high-quality slag. Slag activity index Ma＝Al2O3/SiO2＝0.46>0.30, belonging to slag with high activity.
(3) The distribution curve of the particle size of the desulfurized gypsum is shown in figure 4, and the average particle size d of the desulfurized gypsum is obtainedav＝47.5μm，d10＝19.41μm，d30＝28.94μm，d50＝38.02μm，d60＝44.11μm，d9073.86 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity
Figure BDA0002254094900000183
Coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000184
The fineness is 38%. The chemical composition analysis results of desulfurized gypsum are shown in Table 3, SO350.2%, the quality is better.
(4) The distribution curve of the particle size of the desulfurized ash is shown in figure 7, and the average particle size of the desulfurized ash is obtained as follows: dav＝14.68μm，d10＝2.31μm，d30＝4.83μm，d50＝7.82μm，d60＝10.22μm，d9032.32 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity
Figure BDA0002254094900000185
Coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000186
The fineness (+45 μm particle content) was 4.8%. The results of the mineral composition analysis of the desulfurized fly ash are shown in Table 4, and SO in the desulfurized fly ash3The content is only 28.6%.
(5) The distribution curve of the superfine whole tailing grain diameter is shown in figure 5, the content of tailing plus 200-mesh fine particles is 84.6 percent, and the average grain diameter d of the tailing isav＝50.29μm，d10＝5.66μm，d30＝21.68μm，d50＝38.14μm，d60＝48.29μm，d9097.93 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity Cu＝d60/d10＝8.53>Coefficient of curvature 5
Figure BDA0002254094900000187
Step 2, testing the strength and the expansion rate of the filling body of the full-solid waste cementing material
Aiming at the steel slag micro powder, the desulfurized ash, the slag micro powder solid waste material and the superfine full-tailing filling aggregate in the step 1, a mortar-to-sand ratio of 1:4 and a slurry concentration of 65 percent are adopted to prepare a cemented filling body test block, and after curing is carried out for 7d and 28d in a curing box with the temperature of 22 +/-1 ℃ and the humidity of more than 95 percent, uniaxial compressive strength and volume expansion rate of a filling body are tested, so that the test results are obtained and are shown in table 9.
Step 3, establishing a multi-objective optimization function and a constraint function of the total solid waste cementing material
And (3) according to the test result of the superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material prepared by the steel slag and the fluorgypsum in the step (2), carrying out stepwise regression analysis on the test result by adopting a quadratic polynomial, and establishing a multi-objective optimization model of the full-solid waste cementing material.
Table 9: test result of strength of superfine full-tailing full-solid-waste cementing material filler prepared by steel slag, desulfurized gypsum and desulfurized ash slag
Figure BDA0002254094900000191
The strength cost performance function of the cemented filling mass 7d was established by regression analysis as follows:
P7d＝-6.17+0.736x1-0.0199x1x1-0.00145x2x2(34)
the strength cost performance function of the cemented pack 28d was established by regression analysis as follows:
P28d＝1.20-0.11x2+0.014x2x2-0.0021x1x2(35)
wherein, the steel slag is 30 percent; x is the number of1Is desulfurized gypsum,%; x is the number of2Is desulfurized ash residue percent.
The slag utilization function was established by regression analysis as follows:
Kz＝30.559-0.747x1+22.955R28d-3.752R28dR28d(36)
according to the conditions that the steel slag micro powder reaches the ore price of 168 yuan/ton, the slag micro powder reaches the ore price of 328 yuan/ton, the desulfurized gypsum reaches the ore price of 117 yuan/ton and the desulfurized ash reaches the ore price of 62 yuan/ton. The cost function for building a filled cementitious material is as follows:
CT＝280.25-2.125x1-2.667x2(37)
the strength function of the cemented filling mass 7d was established as follows:
R7d＝-14.24+1.713x1-0.0466x1x1-0.0056x2x2(38)
the strength regression function for the pack 28d was established as follows:
R28d＝2.863+0.0268x2x2-0.0184x1x2(39)
establishing a regression function of the volume expansion rate of the cemented pack 28d as follows:
V28d＝-14.255+0.363x1+5.491x2-0.264x1x2(40)
step 4, establishing a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material
According to the objective function and the constraint function in the step 3, with the maximum strength cost performance of the filling body, the lowest filling material cost and slag resource utilization rate as optimization objectives and the strength and volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body as constraint conditions, a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material is established as follows:
a multi-objective optimization function:
Max(P28d+λP7d)-Kz-CT＝
(1.20-0.11x2+0.014x2x2-0.0021x1x2)+0.5(-6.17+0.736x10.0199x1x1-0.00145x2x2)-(30.559-0.747x1+22.955R28d-3.752R28dR28d)-(280.25-2.125x1-2.667x2) (41)
(2) strength constraint condition of cemented filling body
R7d≥[R7d]＝-14.24+1.713x1-0.0466x1x1-0.0056x2x2≥1.5MPa (42)
R28d≥[R28d]＝2.863+0.0268x2x2-0.0184x1x2≥2.5MPa (43)
(3) Constraint condition of filling body expansion rate
V28d≤[V28d]＝-14.255+0.363x1+5.491x2-0.264x1x2≤5％ (44)
Step 5, solving a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material
And 4, solving the multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material in the step 4 to obtain the optimal mixture ratio of the cementing material, namely 30% of steel slag micro powder, 20% of desulfurized gypsum, 0% of desulfurized ash and 50% of slag micro powder. 7d Strength R of cemented filling body7dStrength R of 1.55MPa, 28d28d2.59 MPa; the cost performance ratio P of the total solid waste filling material with the strength of 238 yuan/t and 7d7d＝0.652×10-2Cost performance P of MPa/yuan, 28d strength28d＝1.089×10-2MPa/yuan. Compared with the price of P.O 42.5.5 cement 400 yuan/t, the cost of the total solid waste cementing material is reduced by 41 percent.
Example 5:
the multi-objective optimization method for preparing the superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material by using the steel slag, the fluorgypsum and the desulfurized ash slag comprises the following steps:
step 1, analyzing and processing all solid waste cementing material test materials
And (3) drying, screening and grinding solid waste materials and superfine full-tailing filling aggregate of the full-solid-waste cementing material prepared from the steel slag and the industrial byproduct gypsum, and analyzing the particle size of the materials and calculating the characteristic value.
(1) The particle size distribution curve of the steel slag micropowder is shown in figure 2. Thereby obtaining the average grain diameter d of the steel slag micro powderav＝28.84μm，d10＝4.02μm，d30＝10.41μm，d50＝20.09μm，d60＝25.66μm，d9058.76 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity Cu＝d60/d106.38, coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000201
The fineness of the steel slag micro powder is 18 percent. The mineral components of the steel slag are shown in Table 1, and the basicity coefficient M of the steel slag obtained by the technology is CaO/(SiO)2+P2O5)＝2.18>1.8, belonging to medium-alkalinity steel slag.
(2) The slag powder particle size distribution curve is shown in FIG. 3, from which the average slag powder particle size d is calculatedav＝22.98μm，d10＝2.81μm，d30＝7.72μm，d50＝14.68μm，d60＝19.82μm，d9047.95 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity Cu＝d60/d107.05, coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000211
The fineness was 11.41%. The mineral composition analysis results of the slag are shown in Table 2, and the alkalinity coefficient M0＝(CaO+MgO)/(SiO2+Al2O3)＝1.14>1 belongs to alkaline slag. Mass coefficient of slag
Figure BDA0002254094900000212
Belonging to high-quality slag. Slag activity index
Figure BDA0002254094900000213
Belonging to high activitySlag of (1).
(3) The average particle diameter d of the fluorogypsum is shown in FIG. 6av＝44.92μm，d10＝2.28μm，d30＝18.92μm，d50＝36.23μm，d60＝43.01μm，d9072.86 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity
Figure BDA0002254094900000214
Coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000215
The fineness of the fluorgypsum is 36.8 percent. The results of the mineral composition analysis of fluorogypsum are shown in Table 5.
(4) The distribution curve of the particle size of the desulfurized ash is shown in fig. 7, thus obtaining the average particle size of the desulfurized ash as follows: dav＝14.68μm，d10＝2.31μm，d30＝4.83μm，d50＝7.82μm，d60＝10.22μm，d9032.32 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity
Figure BDA0002254094900000216
Coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000217
The fineness (+45 μm particle content) was 4.8%. The results of the mineral composition analysis of the fluorgypsum are shown in Table 7, and SO in the desulfurized ash3The content is only 28.6%.
(5) The distribution curve of the superfine whole tailing grain diameter is shown in figure 5, the content of tailing plus 200-mesh fine particles is 84.6 percent, and the average grain diameter d of the tailing isav＝50.29μm，d10＝5.66μm，d30＝21.68μm，d50＝38.14μm，d60＝48.29μm，d9097.93 μm; coefficient of non-uniformity
Figure BDA0002254094900000218
Coefficient of curvature
Figure BDA0002254094900000219
Step 2, testing the strength and the expansion rate of the filling body of the full-solid waste cementing material
Aiming at the steel slag micro powder, the desulfurized ash, the slag micro powder solid waste material and the superfine full-tailing filling aggregate in the step 1, a mortar-to-sand ratio of 1:4 and a slurry concentration of 65 percent are adopted to prepare a cemented filling body test block, and after curing is carried out for 7d and 28d in a curing box with the temperature of 22 +/-1 ℃ and the humidity of more than 95 percent, uniaxial compressive strength and volume expansion rate of a filling body are tested, so that the test results are obtained and are shown in a table 10.
Step 3, establishing a multi-objective optimization function and a constraint function of the total solid waste cementing material
And (3) according to the test result of the superfine full-tailing full-solid waste cementing material prepared by the steel slag and the fluorgypsum in the step (2), carrying out stepwise regression analysis on the test result by adopting a quadratic polynomial, and establishing a multi-objective optimization model of the full-solid waste cementing material. Table 10: strength test result of superfine full-tailing and full-solid-waste cementing material cemented filling body prepared by steel slag, fluorgypsum and desulfurized ash
Figure BDA0002254094900000221
The strength cost performance function of the cemented filling mass 7d was established by regression analysis as follows:
P7d＝0.56-0.096x2+0.0084x2x2(45)
the strength cost performance function of the cemented pack 28d was established by regression analysis as follows:
P28d＝10.01-0.925x1-0.340x2+0.0235x1x1+0.010229x2x2+0.0119x1x2(46)
wherein, the steel slag is 30 percent; x is the number of1Is fluorgypsum,%; x is the number of2Is desulfurized ash residue percent.
The slag utilization function was established by regression analysis as follows:
Kz＝79.65+1.608R28d-0.0276x1x1+0.173x1R7d(47)
according to the conditions that the steel slag micro powder reaches the ore price of 168 yuan/ton, the slag micro powder reaches the ore price of 328 yuan/ton, the desulfurized gypsum reaches the ore price of 117 yuan/ton and the desulfurized ash reaches the ore price of 62 yuan/ton. The cost function for building a filled cementitious material is as follows:
CT＝379.7-2.25x1-2.65x2(48)
the strength function of the cemented filling mass 7d was established as follows:
R7d＝1.883-0.336x2+0.0290x2x2(49)
the strength regression function for the pack 28d was established as follows:
R28d＝34.12-3.13x1-1.21x2+0.079x1x1+0.036x2x2+0.042x1x2(50)
establishing a regression function of the volume expansion rate of the cemented pack 28d as follows:
V28d＝-17.13+0.213x1+3.57x2-0.198x2x2-0.119x1x2(51)
step 4, establishing a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material
According to the objective function and the constraint function in the step 3, with the maximum strength cost performance of the filling body, the lowest filling material cost and slag resource utilization rate as optimization objectives and the strength and volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body as constraint conditions, a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material is established as follows:
a multi-objective optimization function: max (P)28d+λP7d)-Kz-CT
＝(10.01-0.925x1-.340x2+0.0235x1x1+0.010229x2x2+0.0119x1x2)+0.5(0.56-0.096x2+0.0084x2x2)-(79.65+1.608R28d-0.0276x1x1+0.173x1R7d)-(379.7-2.25x1-2.65x2) (52)
(2) Strength constraint condition of cemented filling body
R7d≥[R7d]＝1.883-0.336x2+0.0290x2x2≥1.5MPa (53)
R28d≥[R28d]＝34.12-3.13x1-1.21x2+0.079x1x1+0.036x2x2+0.042x1x2≥2.5MPa (54)
(3) Constraint condition of filling body expansion rate
V28d≤[V28d]＝-17.13+0.213x1+3.57x2-0.198x2x2-0.119x1x2≤5％ (55)
Step 5, solving a multi-objective optimization model of the total solid waste cementing material
And 4, solving the multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material in the step 4 to obtain the optimal mixture ratio of the all-solid-waste cementing material, namely 30% of steel slag micro powder, 20% of fluorgypsum, 0% of desulfurized ash and 50% of slag micro powder. 7d Strength R of cemented filling body7dStrength R of 1.86MPa, 28d28d3.10 MPa; cost performance ratio P of 335 Yuan/t, 7d strength of full-solid waste filling material7d＝0.556×10-2Cost performance P of MPa/yuan, 28d strength28d＝0.926×10-2MPa/yuan. Compared with the price of P.O 42.5.5 cement 400 yuan/t, the cost of the all-solid-waste cementing material is reduced by 16 percent.
The steel slag synergetic preparation total-solid-waste cementing material and the multi-objective optimization method provided by the embodiment of the application are introduced in detail. The above description of the embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method of the present application and its core ideas; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
As used in the specification and claims, certain terms are used to refer to particular components. As one skilled in the art will appreciate, manufacturers may refer to a component by different names. This specification and claims do not intend to distinguish between components that differ in name but not function. In the following description and in the claims, the terms "include" and "comprise" are used in an open-ended fashion, and thus should be interpreted to mean "include, but not limited to. "substantially" means within an acceptable error range, and a person skilled in the art can solve the technical problem within a certain error range to substantially achieve the technical effect. The description which follows is a preferred embodiment of the present application, but is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the application and not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the application. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the definitions of the appended claims.
It is also noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a good or system that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such good or system. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a commodity or system that includes the element.
It should be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein is merely one type of association that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.
The foregoing description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the present application, but as aforementioned, it is to be understood that the application is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the application as described herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application, which is to be protected by the claims appended hereto.

Claims (7)

1. A multi-objective optimization method for preparing a full-solid waste cementing material by steel slag synergy is characterized in that the full-solid waste cementing material is prepared by adopting the steel slag, industrial byproduct gypsum and slag, and a filling body is prepared by taking mine ultrafine full tailings as aggregate;
establishing a multi-objective optimization model by taking the strength cost performance of the filling body, the cost of filling materials and the utilization rate of slag as optimization targets and taking the strength and the volume expansion rate of the filling body as constraint conditions; obtaining the optimal proportion of each component in the total solid waste cementing material according to a multi-objective optimization model;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
s1, analyzing and processing the steel slag, the industrial by-product gypsum, the slag and the mine superfine full tailings;
s2, testing the strength and the expansion rate of the full-solid waste cementing material cemented filling body to obtain the test results of the strength and the volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body;
s3, establishing a multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material;
s4, solving a multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material to obtain the optimal proportion of the all-solid-waste cementing material;
s3 specifically includes: the method is characterized in that a multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material is established by taking the highest strength cost performance of a filling body, the lowest cost of a filling material and the lowest utilization rate of slag as optimization targets and taking the strength and the volume expansion rate of the filling body as constraint conditions.
2. The multi-objective optimization method for the synergetic preparation of the full-solid waste cementing material from the steel slag according to claim 1, wherein the specific contents of S1 comprise: the steel slag, the industrial by-product gypsum, the slag and the mine superfine full tailings are dried and ground, and particle size analysis and distribution characteristic value calculation are respectively carried out.
3. The multi-objective optimization method for cooperatively preparing the full-solid waste cementing material from the steel slag according to claim 1, wherein S2 specifically comprises the step of performing a strength test and a volume expansion rate test on a cemented filling body according to a cement mortar strength test method B/T17671-1999, so as to obtain test results of the strength and the volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body.
4. The multi-objective optimization method for the synergetic preparation of the full-solid waste cementing material from the steel slag according to the claim 1, wherein the specific steps of S3 comprise:
s31, performing quadratic polynomial stepwise regression analysis according to the test result of S2, and establishing a regression function of the strength and the volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body;
s32, establishing a cost function of the all-solid-waste cementing material according to the cost of the steel slag, the industrial byproduct gypsum, the slag and the mine superfine all-tailings;
s33, establishing a slag utilization function of the all-solid-waste cementing material according to the test results of the strength and the volume expansion rate of the cemented filling body and a regression function;
s34, establishing a strength function of the cement filling body of the full-solid waste cementing material according to the regression function of the strength and the volume expansion rate of the cement filling body and the cost function of the full-solid waste cementing material;
and S35, establishing a multi-objective optimization model of the full solid waste cementing material according to S31-S34.
5. The multi-objective optimization method for the cooperative preparation of the all-solid-waste cementing material by the steel slag according to the claim 4, is characterized in that the multi-objective optimization model of the all-solid-waste cementing material is specifically as follows:
optimizing the target: max [ (P)28d+λP7d)-(CT+Kz)]＝Max[(f7+λf6)-(f4+ηf5)]；
Constraint conditions are as follows: r7d＝f1(X)≥[R7d]、R28d＝f2(X)≥[R28d]、V28d＝f3(X)≤[V28d]；
Wherein λ represents a weight of strength cost performance of the filler 7d, η represents a weight of slag utilization ratio, [ R ]7d]And [ R ]28d]Target strength of the cemented filling body, [ V ], at 7d and 28d, respectively28d]Of cemented fillings at 28dPermissible value of volume expansion ratio, R7d、R28dRepresents the strength at which the packs 7d and 28d were cemented; v28dRepresents the expansion rate of the filling body 28 d; x represents the independent variable of the total solid waste cementing material; f. of1(X)、f2(X) represents the strength function of the cemented filling mass 7d, 28d, respectively; f. of3(X) represents the volumetric expansion ratio function of the filling body 28 d; cTRepresenting the total solid waste cementitious material cost, f4Represents a cost function of the total solid waste cementing material; kzRepresenting slag utilization, f5Representing a slag utilization function; p7d、P28dRespectively representing the strength cost performance of the cemented filling bodies 7d and 28d, f6、f7Respectively representing the strength cost performance function of the cemented filling bodies 7d and 28 d.
6. The multi-objective optimization method for the synergistic preparation of the full-solid waste cementing material from the steel slag according to the claim 1, characterized in that the steel slag is an alkaline steel slag.
7. The multi-objective optimization method for synergistically preparing the all-solid-waste cementing material from the steel slag according to claim 1, wherein the industrial byproduct gypsum is one or more of desulfurized gypsum, fluorgypsum, desulfurized ash and phosphogypsum.
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