CN110654080B - High-toughness sliding plate and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

High-toughness sliding plate and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110654080B
CN110654080B CN201910976023.9A CN201910976023A CN110654080B CN 110654080 B CN110654080 B CN 110654080B CN 201910976023 A CN201910976023 A CN 201910976023A CN 110654080 B CN110654080 B CN 110654080B
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layer unit
bamboo
plate
sliding plate
temperature
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CN110654080A (en
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程海涛
郑海军
张文福
顾少华
王戈
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International Center for Bamboo and Rattan
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International Center for Bamboo and Rattan
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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention provides a high-toughness sliding plate which is made of a surface layer unit, a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are arranged between the two surface layer units. The base layer unit enhances the elasticity of the sliding plate, the hollow structure of the light high-strength layer unit lightens the self weight of the sliding plate, reduces the dependence on forest resources, enhances the buffer performance, designs a blank assembling mode and the number of each layer unit according to the performance requirement of the sliding plate and then performs compression molding, so that the performance of the sliding plate can be customized.

Description

High-toughness sliding plate and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bamboo fiber composite materials, and particularly relates to a high-toughness sliding plate and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Most of the sliding plates on the market are made of maple, but the maple has long wood period and low regeneration speed, and the ecological environment is damaged by using a large amount of maple. Aiming at the situation, a technical scheme that a bamboo board is used for replacing maple is proposed, sliding board products made of bamboo materials are available on the market, but most of the sliding boards are made of bamboo strips or bamboo veneers, and the performance of the bamboo is limited due to the fact that auxiliary reinforcing treatment is not carried out on the sliding boards, and the problem that the resilience of the sliding boards is easy to lose is solved; or the carbon fiber reinforced bamboo board is utilized to enable the bamboo to meet the use requirements of the sliding plate, but the sliding plate is heavy and cannot meet the requirements of elasticity and toughness under extreme movement, the movement experience of the sliding plate is influenced, and the safety in use is also reduced. Therefore, the development of a bamboo high-toughness sliding plate is very necessary.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a high-toughness sliding plate and a preparation method thereof aiming at the defects of the prior art, the high-toughness sliding plate adopts three units of a surface layer unit, a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit, the surface layer unit, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are prepared firstly, the base layer unit adopts a forward bamboo veneer for gluing and assembling a plate, or is formed by compounding two layers of forward thin bamboo veneers and a thermoplastic elastomer, the dependence on forest resources is reduced, the elasticity of the sliding plate is obviously enhanced, and the problem that the resilience of the sliding plate is easy to fail is effectively improved; the light high-strength layer unit is provided with a hollow structure between two layers of consequent bamboo veneers, so that the self weight of the skateboard is reduced, the dependence on forest resources is reduced, and the buffer performance of the skateboard is obviously enhanced; the shock resistance of the sliding plate can be enhanced by sealing edges at the periphery of the sliding plate, and the waterproof agent is coated on the surface layer of the sliding plate, so that the waterproof and moisture-resistant performances of the sliding plate are improved; and designing a blank assembling mode and the number of each layer unit according to the performance requirement of the sliding plate and then carrying out compression molding, so that the performance of the sliding plate can be customized.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the high-toughness sliding plate is made of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between two layers of the surface layer units, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are arranged in a symmetrical sequence from the center of the high-toughness sliding plate to the upper surface layer unit and the lower surface layer unit.
Preferably, the total number of layers of the surface layer unit, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit in the high-toughness sliding plate is 5-7.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the high-toughness sliding plate, which comprises the following steps:
s1, surface layer unit:
slicing the bamboo flat pressing plate to obtain a bamboo veneer;
flatly pressing and cutting the bamboo wood to obtain bamboo skin;
sticking lining cloth to the inner side of the bamboo skin to obtain the bamboo skin with the lining cloth stuck to the inner side;
selecting one or two of a bamboo veneer, a bamboo skin with lining cloth adhered to the inner side or glass fiber cloth as a surface layer unit;
s2, base layer unit:
the method comprises the steps of rotary-cutting bamboo into single plates to obtain thin bamboo single plates, mixing and stirring a thermal elastomer and an adhesive uniformly to obtain a bonding material, or coating the adhesive on the two sides of a natural rubber sheet to obtain a bonding material, uniformly paving the bonding material between two layers of the thin bamboo single plates in the same direction, wherein the paving amount of the bonding material on one side of each layer of the thin bamboo single plate is 250g/m2～2000g/m2Prepressing for 8-60 s under the normal temperature condition with the pressure of 0.2-6 MPa, then hot-pressing for 2-12 min under the conditions of the pressure of 1-6 MPa and the temperature of 110-180 ℃, and then preserving heat and pressure for 1-30 min to obtain a base unit;
or bonding two layers of bamboo veneers with adhesive at the temperature of 20-40 ℃ of a hot pressing plate for plate loading, wherein the adhesive is coated on one surface of each layer of bamboo veneerThe glue amount is 12g/m2～500g/m2Then, hot pressing for 1-12 min under the conditions that the pressure is 1-6 MPa and the temperature is 110-180 ℃, keeping the temperature and the pressure for 1-30 min, and obtaining a base layer unit when the temperature of a hot-pressed board is reduced to 40-45 ℃;
s3, light-weight high-strength layer unit: adding a hollow structure layer between two layers of consequent bamboo veneers by using an adhesive to obtain a light high-strength layer unit;
s4, plate die pressing preparation: longitudinally arranging two layers of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between the two layers of surface layer units, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are symmetrically arranged from the center to the top and the bottom, gluing and bonding adjacent layers from top to bottom, and the gluing amount is 200g/m2～600g/m2Then, the plate is installed under the condition that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 40-60 ℃, hot pressing is carried out under the conditions that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 110-180 ℃ and the hot pressing pressure is 2-5 MPa after the plate installation is finished, the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time is 1-30 min, the plate is unloaded when the temperature of the hot pressing plate is reduced to 40-60 ℃, the plate is taken out, the back margin is kept, and the shape is formed, so that a shaping sliding plate is obtained;
and S5, sanding the surface of the shaped sliding plate obtained in the S4, sanding the edge of the shaped sliding plate, sealing the edge of the shaped sliding plate, coating a waterproof coating, sticking an anti-slip layer on the surface of the shaped sliding plate, and performing decorative printing to obtain the high-toughness sliding plate.
Preferably, the thickness of the bamboo veneer in S1, S2 and S3 is 1-5 mm; the weight of the glass fiber cloth in S1 is 40g/m2～150g/m2。
Preferably, the thickness of the thin bamboo veneer in S2 is 0.1mm to 2 mm.
Preferably, the mass fraction of the adhesive in the binder in S2 is 5% to 15%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the surface layer unit, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are prepared firstly, the base layer unit is formed by gluing the two forward bamboo veneers or is formed by compounding two forward thin bamboo veneers and the thermoplastic elastomer, dependence on forest resources is reduced, the elasticity of the skateboard is obviously enhanced, and the problem that the resilience of the skateboard is easy to lose is effectively solved; the light high-strength layer unit is provided with a hollow structure between two layers of consequent bamboo veneers, so that the self weight of the skateboard is reduced, the dependence on forest resources is reduced, and the buffer performance of the skateboard is obviously enhanced; the shock resistance of the sliding plate can be enhanced by sealing edges at the periphery of the sliding plate, and the waterproof agent is coated on the surface layer of the sliding plate, so that the waterproof and moisture-resistant performances of the sliding plate are improved; and designing a blank assembling mode and the number of each layer unit according to the performance requirement of the sliding plate and then carrying out compression molding, so that the performance of the sliding plate can be customized.
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural view of a hollow structure layer of examples 1 and 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of a hollow structure layer in example 2 and example 6 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a structural view of a hollow structure layer in example 4 and example 7 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a structural view of a hollow structure layer in example 5 and example 8 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The high-toughness sliding plate is made of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between two layers of the surface layer units, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are arranged in a symmetrical sequence from the center of the high-toughness sliding plate to the upper surface layer unit and the lower surface layer unit; the total number of layers of the surface layer unit, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit in the high-toughness sliding plate is 5; the 5-layer structure comprises an upper surface layer unit, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit, a light high-strength layer and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom.
The embodiment also provides a method for preparing the high-toughness sliding plate, which comprises the following steps:
s1, surface layer unit:
slicing the bamboo flat pressing plate to obtain a bamboo veneer with the thickness of 2mm, and taking the bamboo veneer as an upper surface layer unit and a lower surface layer unit;
s2, base layer unit:
the method comprises the steps of rotary-cutting bamboo into single plates to obtain thin bamboo single plates with the thickness of 0.1mm, mixing and stirring a thermal elastomer (thermoplastic vulcanized rubber) and an artificial plate uniformly by using an isocyanate adhesive to obtain a bonding material, paving the bonding material between two layers of the thin bamboo single plates in the same direction, and paving 250g/m of the bonding material on one surface of each layer of the thin bamboo single plate2Prepressing for 60s under the normal temperature condition with the pressure of 0.2MPa, then hot-pressing for 12min under the conditions of the pressure of 1MPa and the temperature of 110 ℃, and then preserving heat and pressure for 30min to obtain a base unit; the mass fraction of the isocyanate adhesive for the artificial board in the binding material is 5%;
s3, light-weight high-strength layer unit: adding a hollow structure layer between two layers of transverse bamboo veneers with the thickness of 2mm by using an adhesive epoxy resin adhesive to obtain a light high-strength layer unit;
as shown in fig. 1, the hollow structure layer is formed by vertically crossing a horizontally arranged support plate and a longitudinally arranged support plate; the supporting plate is made of a solid wood honeycomb plate; the height of the hollow structure layer is 2 mm;
s4, plate die pressing preparation: longitudinally arranging two layers of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between the two layers of surface layer units in the order of an upper surface layer unit, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit, a light high-strength layer and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom, gluing and bonding adjacent layers from top to bottom, wherein the gluing amount is 200g/m2Then, carrying out plate loading under the condition that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 40 ℃, carrying out hot pressing under the conditions that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 110 ℃ and the hot pressing pressure is 2MPa after the plate loading is finished, keeping the temperature and the pressure for 30min, unloading the plate when the temperature of the hot pressing plate is reduced to 40 ℃, taking out the plate, spacing the edges, and carrying out profiling to obtain a shaping sliding plate;
and S5, sanding the surface of the shaped sliding plate obtained in the S4, sanding the edge of the shaped sliding plate, sealing the edge of the shaped sliding plate, coating a waterproof coating, sticking an anti-slip layer on the surface of the shaped sliding plate, and performing decorative printing to obtain the high-toughness sliding plate.
The high-toughness sliding plate prepared in the embodiment has the plate density of 0.58g/cm3The water absorption thickness expansion rate is 0.22%, the longitudinal bending strength is 190MPa, and the transverse bending strength is 130MPa, impact resistance of 89J and surface abrasion value of 0.060g/100 r.
The embodiment adopts three units, namely the surface layer unit, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit, the surface layer unit, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are prepared firstly, the base layer unit is formed by compounding two layers of forward thin bamboo veneers and thermoplastic elastomers, dependence on forest resources is reduced, elasticity of the skateboard is obviously enhanced, and the problem that the resilience force of the skateboard is easy to fail is effectively solved; the light high-strength layer unit is provided with a hollow structure between two layers of consequent bamboo veneers, so that the self weight of the skateboard is reduced, the dependence on forest resources is reduced, and the buffer performance of the skateboard is obviously enhanced; the anti-impact performance of the sliding plate can be enhanced by sealing edges around the sliding plate, and the waterproof agent is coated on the surface layer, so that the waterproof and moisture-resistant performances of the sliding plate are improved.
Example 2
The high-toughness sliding plate is made of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between two layers of the surface layer units, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are arranged in a symmetrical sequence from the center of the high-toughness sliding plate to the upper surface layer unit and the lower surface layer unit; the total number of layers of the surface layer unit, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit in the high-toughness sliding plate is 5; the 5-layer structure comprises an upper surface layer unit, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit, a light high-strength layer and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom.
The embodiment also provides a method for preparing the high-toughness sliding plate, which comprises the following steps:
s1, surface layer unit:
slicing the bamboo flat pressing plate to obtain a bamboo veneer with the thickness of 5mm, and taking the bamboo veneer as an upper surface layer unit and a lower surface layer unit;
s2, base layer unit:
the method comprises the steps of rotary-cutting bamboo into single plates to obtain thin bamboo single plates with the thickness of 0.9mm, mixing and stirring a thermal elastomer (a thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer) and an adhesive, namely a novolac resin adhesive uniformly to obtain a bonding material, paving the bonding material between two layers of the thin bamboo single plates in the same direction, and paving 2000g/m of the bonding material on one surface of each layer of the thin bamboo single plate2Prepressing for 8s under the normal temperature condition of 6MPa, and then pressingHot pressing at 180 deg.C under 6MPa for 2min, and maintaining the temperature for 1min to obtain base unit; the mass fraction of the adhesive, namely the pulsed-formaldehyde resin adhesive, in the binder is 15%;
s3, light-weight high-strength layer unit: adding a hollow structure layer between two layers of forward bamboo veneers with the thickness of 5mm by using an adhesive phenolic resin adhesive to obtain a light high-strength layer unit;
as shown in fig. 2, the hollow structure layers are arranged line by waved support plates; the hollow structure is integrally formed and 4mm in height;
s4, plate die pressing preparation: longitudinally arranging two layers of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between the two layers of surface layer units in the order of an upper surface layer unit, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit, a light high-strength layer and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom, gluing and bonding adjacent layers from top to bottom, wherein the gluing amount is 600g/m2Then, carrying out plate loading under the condition that the temperature of a hot pressing plate is 60 ℃, carrying out hot pressing under the conditions that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 180 ℃ and the hot pressing pressure is 5MPa after the plate loading is finished, keeping the temperature and the pressure for 1min, unloading the plate when the temperature of the hot pressing plate is reduced to 60 ℃, taking out the plate, spacing the edge, and carrying out profiling to obtain a shaping sliding plate;
and S5, sanding the surface of the shaped sliding plate obtained in the S4, sanding the edge of the shaped sliding plate, sealing the edge of the shaped sliding plate, coating a waterproof coating, sticking an anti-slip layer on the surface of the shaped sliding plate, and performing decorative printing to obtain the high-toughness sliding plate.
The high-toughness sliding plate prepared in the embodiment has the plate density of 0.58g/cm3The water absorption thickness expansion rate was 0.22%, the longitudinal bending strength was 190MPa, the transverse bending strength was 130MPa, the impact resistance was 89J, and the surface wear value was 0.060g/100 r.
Example 3
The high-toughness sliding plate is made of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between two layers of the surface layer units, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are arranged in a symmetrical sequence from the center of the high-toughness sliding plate to the upper surface layer unit and the lower surface layer unit; the total number of layers of the surface layer unit, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit in the high-toughness sliding plate is 5; the 5-layer structure comprises an upper surface layer unit, a base layer unit A, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit B and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom.
The embodiment also provides a method for preparing the high-toughness sliding plate, which comprises the following steps:
s1, surface layer unit:
slicing the bamboo flat pressing plate to obtain a bamboo veneer with the thickness of 1mm, and taking the bamboo veneer as an upper surface layer unit;
the bamboo is cut into bamboo skin by flat pressing, lining cloth is pasted on the inner side of the bamboo skin to obtain the bamboo skin with the lining cloth pasted on the inner side, and the bamboo skin is used as a lower surface layer unit;
s2, base layer unit:
the method comprises the steps of rotary-cutting bamboo wood into single plates to obtain thin bamboo single plates with the thickness of 0.9mm, mixing and stirring a thermal elastomer (nylon elastomer) and polyvinyl alcohol serving as an adhesive uniformly to obtain a bonding material, paving the bonding material between two layers of the thin bamboo single plates in the forward direction, and paving the bonding material on one surface of each layer of the thin bamboo single plate in a 1000g/m mode2Prepressing for 10s under the normal temperature condition of the pressure of 1MPa, then hot-pressing for 4min under the conditions of the pressure of 4MPa and the temperature of 160 ℃, and then preserving heat and pressure for 20min to obtain a base unit A; the mass fraction of the adhesive polyvinyl alcohol in the binding material is 5%;
gluing two layers of consequent bamboo veneers with the thickness of 1mm by using adhesive polyacrylate under the condition that the temperature of a hot pressing plate is 40 ℃, and loading the bamboo veneers, wherein the gluing amount of the adhesive polyacrylate on one surface of each layer of the bamboo veneer is 500g/m2Then carrying out hot pressing for 12min under the conditions that the pressure is 1MPa and the temperature is 110 ℃, and then carrying out heat preservation and pressure maintaining for 30min to obtain a base layer unit B when the temperature of a hot pressing plate is reduced to 40 ℃;
s3, light-weight high-strength layer unit: adding a hollow structure layer between two layers of forward bamboo veneers with the thickness of 1mm by using adhesive polyurethane to obtain a light high-strength layer unit;
the hollow structure layer of this example is the same as that of example 1;
s4, plate die pressing preparation: longitudinally arranging two layers of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between the two layers of surface layer units in the order of an upper surface layer unit, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit, a light high-strength layer and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom, gluing and bonding adjacent layers from top to bottom, wherein the gluing amount is 380g/m2Then, carrying out plate loading under the condition that the temperature of a hot pressing plate is 55 ℃, carrying out hot pressing under the conditions that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 150 ℃ and the hot pressing pressure is 2.5MPa after the plate loading is finished, keeping the temperature and the pressure for 1.6min, unloading the plate when the temperature of the hot pressing plate is reduced to 55 ℃, taking out the plate, spacing the edges, and carrying out profiling to obtain a sizing sliding plate;
and S5, sanding the surface of the shaped sliding plate obtained in the S4, sanding the edge of the shaped sliding plate, sealing the edge of the shaped sliding plate, coating a waterproof coating, sticking an anti-slip layer on the surface of the shaped sliding plate, and performing decorative printing to obtain the high-toughness sliding plate.
The high-toughness sliding plate prepared in the embodiment has the plate density of 0.70g/cm3The water absorption thickness expansion rate was 0.29%, the longitudinal bending strength was 189MPa, the transverse bending strength was 132MPa, the impact resistance was 95J, and the surface wear value was 0.050g/100 r.
Example 4
The high-toughness sliding plate is made of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between two layers of the surface layer units, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are arranged in a symmetrical sequence from the center of the high-toughness sliding plate to the upper surface layer unit and the lower surface layer unit; the total number of layers of the surface layer unit, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit in the high-toughness sliding plate is 7; the 7-layer structure comprises an upper surface layer unit, a base layer unit C, a base layer unit D, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit D, a base layer unit C and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom.
The embodiment also provides a method for preparing the high-toughness sliding plate, which comprises the following steps:
s1, surface layer unit:
selecting bamboo veneer, bamboo skin with lining cloth adhered to the inner side or bamboo skin with weight of 40g/m2The glass fiber cloth as an upper surface layer unit;
slicing the bamboo flat pressing plate to obtain a bamboo veneer with the thickness of 3mm, and taking the bamboo veneer as a lower surface layer unit;
s2, base layer unit:
the method comprises the steps of rotary-cutting bamboo wood into single plates to obtain thin bamboo single plates with the thickness of 0.5mm, coating adhesive melamine on two surfaces of a natural rubber sheet to obtain adhesive, and paving the adhesive between two layers of the thin bamboo single plates in the same direction, wherein the paving amount of the adhesive on one surface of each layer of the thin bamboo single plate is 250g/m2Prepressing for 30s under the normal temperature condition of the pressure of 4MPa, then hot-pressing for 4min under the conditions of the pressure of 4.5MPa and the temperature of 170 ℃, and then preserving heat and pressure for 5min to obtain a base unit C; the mass fraction of melamine serving as an adhesive in the binder is 10%;
bonding two layers of forward bamboo veneers with the thickness of 3mm by using adhesive polyurethane at the temperature of 20 ℃ of a hot pressing plate, and assembling the bamboo veneers, wherein the adhesive weight of the adhesive polyurethane on one surface of each layer of the bamboo veneer is 12g/m2Then, hot pressing for 1min under the conditions that the pressure is 6MPa and the temperature is 180 ℃, and then, after heat preservation and pressure maintaining for 1min, obtaining a base layer unit D when the temperature of a hot pressing plate is reduced to 45 ℃;
s3, light-weight high-strength layer unit: adding a hollow structure layer between two layers of forward bamboo veneers with the thickness of 3mm by using adhesive isocyanate to obtain a light high-strength layer unit;
as shown in fig. 3, the hollow structure layer is formed by supporting units with the same vertical height, each supporting unit is formed by intersecting the middle parts of 3 columnar supporting rods, and the intersecting parts are welded and fixed; the columnar supporting rods are made of aluminum; the height of the hollow structure layer is 5 mm;
s4, plate die pressing preparation: longitudinally arranging two layers of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between the two layers of surface layer units according to the sequence of an upper surface layer unit, a base layer unit C, a base layer unit D, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit D, a base layer unit C and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom, gluing and bonding adjacent layers from top to bottom, wherein the glue application amount is 380g/m2Then, the plate is assembled under the condition that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 40 ℃, hot pressing is carried out under the conditions that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 150 ℃ and the hot pressing pressure is 4MPa after the plate assembling is finished, the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time is 12min,when the temperature of the hot pressing plate is reduced to 40 ℃, the plate is unloaded, taken out, and then subjected to edge spacing and profiling, so that a shaped sliding plate is obtained;
and S5, sanding the surface of the shaped sliding plate obtained in the S4, sanding the edge of the shaped sliding plate, sealing the edge of the shaped sliding plate, coating a waterproof coating, sticking an anti-slip layer on the surface of the shaped sliding plate, and performing decorative printing to obtain the high-toughness sliding plate.
The high-toughness sliding plate prepared by the embodiment has the plate density of 0.69g/cm3The water absorption thickness expansion rate is 0.21%, the longitudinal bending strength is 190MPa, the transverse bending strength is 140MPa, the impact resistance is 92J, and the surface abrasion value is 0.050g/100 r.
Example 5
The high-toughness sliding plate is made of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between two layers of the surface layer units, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are arranged in a symmetrical sequence from the center of the high-toughness sliding plate to the upper surface layer unit and the lower surface layer unit; the total number of layers of the surface layer unit, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit in the high-toughness sliding plate is 7; the 7-layer structure comprises an upper surface layer unit, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit E, a base layer unit F, a base layer unit E, a light high-strength layer and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom.
The embodiment also provides a method for preparing the high-toughness sliding plate, which comprises the following steps:
s1, surface layer unit:
the bamboo is cut into bamboo skin by flat pressing, lining cloth is pasted on the inner side of the bamboo skin, and the bamboo skin with the lining cloth pasted on the inner side is obtained and is used as an upper surface layer unit;
the weight is selected to be 150g/m2The glass fiber cloth is used as a lower surface layer unit;
s2, base layer unit:
the method comprises the steps of rotary-cutting bamboo wood into single plates to obtain thin bamboo single plates with the thickness of 0.5mm, coating adhesive polyvinyl acetate on two surfaces of a natural rubber sheet to obtain a bonding material, and paving the bonding material between two layers of the thin bamboo single plates in the forward direction, wherein the paving amount of the bonding material on one surface of each layer of the thin bamboo single plate is 2000g/m2Prepressing at 1MPa for 25s at normal temperature, hot pressing at 5MPa and 160 deg.C for 6min,maintaining the temperature and the pressure for 15min to obtain a base unit E; the mass fraction of the adhesive polyvinyl acetate in the binding material is 10%;
gluing two layers of forward bamboo veneers with the thickness of 5mm by using adhesive polyvinyl chloride under the condition that the temperature of a hot pressing plate is 20 ℃, and assembling the bamboo veneers, wherein the gluing amount of the adhesive polyvinyl chloride on one surface of each layer of the bamboo veneer is 370g/m2Then, hot pressing for 6min under the conditions that the pressure is 3MPa and the temperature is 140 ℃, and then, after heat preservation and pressure maintaining for 5min, obtaining a base unit F when the temperature of a hot pressing plate is reduced to 40 ℃;
s3, light-weight high-strength layer unit: adding a hollow structure layer between two layers of forward bamboo veneers with the thickness of 3mm by using an adhesive phenolic resin adhesive to obtain a light high-strength layer unit;
as shown in fig. 4, the hollow structure layer is formed by stacking support plates in parallel, and the support plates are formed by vertically crossing horizontally arranged support rods and longitudinally arranged support rods; the cross part of the support rod is welded and fixed; the adjacent supporting plates are connected through the contact points among the supporting rods in a welding mode; the hollow structure is made of aluminum; the height of the hollow structure is 3 mm;
s4, plate die pressing preparation: longitudinally arranging two surface layer units, a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit from top to bottom, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are arranged between the two surface layer units, the upper surface layer unit, the light high-strength layer, the base layer unit E, the base layer unit F, the base layer unit E, the light high-strength layer and the lower surface layer unit are arranged from top to bottom, and the glue coating amount is 340g/m2Then, carrying out plate loading under the condition that the temperature of a hot-pressing plate is 50 ℃, carrying out hot pressing under the conditions that the temperature of the hot-pressing plate is 160 ℃ and the hot-pressing pressure is 5MPa after the plate loading is finished, keeping the temperature and the pressure for 2min, unloading the plate when the temperature of the hot-pressing plate is reduced to 50 ℃, taking out the plate, spacing the edges, and carrying out profiling, thus obtaining a shaping sliding plate;
and S5, sanding the surface of the shaped sliding plate obtained in the S4, sanding the edge of the shaped sliding plate, sealing the edge of the shaped sliding plate, coating a waterproof coating, sticking an anti-slip layer on the surface of the shaped sliding plate, and performing decorative printing to obtain the high-toughness sliding plate.
The high-toughness sliding plate prepared in the example has the plate density of 0.59g/cm3Water absorption thickness expansion ratio0.3%, a longitudinal bending strength of 192MPa, a transverse bending strength of 140MPa, an impact resistance of 89J, and a surface wear value of 0.060g/100 r.
Example 6
The high-toughness sliding plate is made of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between two layers of the surface layer units, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are arranged in a symmetrical sequence from the center of the high-toughness sliding plate to the upper surface layer unit and the lower surface layer unit; the total number of layers of the surface layer unit, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit in the high-toughness sliding plate is 5; the 5-layer structure comprises an upper surface layer unit, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit, a light high-strength layer and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom.
The embodiment also provides a method for preparing the high-toughness sliding plate, which comprises the following steps:
s1, surface layer unit:
the bamboo is subjected to flat pressing and cutting to obtain bamboo skins serving as upper and lower surface layer units;
s2, base layer unit:
the method comprises the steps of rotary-cutting bamboo into single plates to obtain thin bamboo single plates with the thickness of 0.9mm, mixing and stirring uniformly a thermal elastomer (polyimide) with the model G140D and an adhesive phenolic resin adhesive to obtain a bonding material, paving the bonding material between two layers of the thin bamboo single plates in a forward direction, wherein the paving amount of the bonding material on one surface of each thin bamboo single plate is 1000G/m2Prepressing for 20s under the normal temperature condition with the pressure of 1.5MPa, then hot-pressing for 6min under the conditions of the pressure of 3MPa and the temperature of 150 ℃, and then preserving heat and pressure for 1.2min to obtain a base unit; the mass fraction of the phenolic resin adhesive in the binder is 15%;
s3, light-weight high-strength layer unit: adding a hollow structure layer between two layers of forward bamboo veneers with the thickness of 5mm by using an adhesive to obtain a light high-strength layer unit;
the hollow structure layer of this example is the same as that of example 2;
s4, plate die pressing preparation: two layers of surface layer units, a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between the two layers of surface layer units are arranged from top to bottomThe lower part is an upper surface layer unit, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit, a light high-strength layer and a lower surface layer unit which are arranged longitudinally in sequence, the adjacent layers are glued and bonded from top to bottom, and the glue application amount is 400g/m2Then, carrying out plate loading under the condition that the temperature of a hot-pressing plate is 50 ℃, carrying out hot pressing under the conditions that the temperature of the hot-pressing plate is 160 ℃ and the hot-pressing pressure is 2.5MPa after the plate loading is finished, keeping the temperature and the pressure for 1min, unloading the plate when the temperature of the hot-pressing plate is reduced to 50 ℃, taking out the plate, spacing the edges, and carrying out profiling to obtain a shaping sliding plate;
and S5, sanding the surface of the shaped sliding plate obtained in the S4, sanding the edge of the shaped sliding plate, sealing the edge of the shaped sliding plate, coating a waterproof coating, sticking an anti-slip layer on the surface of the shaped sliding plate, and performing decorative printing to obtain the high-toughness sliding plate.
The high-toughness sliding plate prepared in the embodiment has the plate density of 0.58g/cm3The water absorption thickness expansion rate was 0.22%, the longitudinal bending strength was 189MPa, the transverse bending strength was 128MPa, the impact resistance was 88J, and the surface wear value was 0.060g/100 r.
Example 7
The high-toughness sliding plate is made of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between two layers of the surface layer units, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are arranged in a symmetrical sequence from the center of the high-toughness sliding plate to the upper surface layer unit and the lower surface layer unit; the total number of layers of the surface layer unit, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit in the high-toughness sliding plate is 7; the 7-layer structure comprises an upper surface layer unit, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit G, a base layer unit H, a base layer unit G, a light high-strength layer and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom.
The embodiment also provides a method for preparing the high-toughness sliding plate, which comprises the following steps:
s1, surface layer unit:
the bamboo is cut into bamboo skin by flat pressing, lining cloth is pasted on the inner side of the bamboo skin, and the bamboo skin with the lining cloth pasted on the inner side is obtained and is used as an upper surface layer unit;
the weight is selected to be 150g/m2The glass fiber cloth is used as a lower surface layer unit;
s2, base layer unit:
the bamboo is cut into single plates by rotary cutting to obtain the thickness of 0.5mm thin bamboo veneer, mixing and stirring a thermal elastomer (thermoplastic polyurethane elastomer) and an adhesive polyacrylate uniformly to obtain a bonding material, paving the bonding material between two layers of the thin bamboo veneer in a forward direction, wherein the paving amount of the bonding material on one surface of each layer of the thin bamboo veneer is 500g/m2Prepressing for 25s under the normal temperature condition of 3MPa, then hot-pressing for 6min under the conditions of 5MPa of pressure and 160 ℃, and then preserving heat and pressure for 1.8min to obtain a base unit G; the mass fraction of the adhesive polyacrylate in the binding material is 10%;
gluing two layers of forward bamboo veneers with the thickness of 3mm by using adhesive polyamide under the condition that the temperature of a hot pressing plate is 40 ℃, and assembling the bamboo veneers, wherein the gluing amount of the adhesive polyamide on one surface of each layer of the bamboo veneer is 370g/m2Then hot pressing for 3min under the conditions that the pressure is 2MPa and the temperature is 150 ℃, and then keeping the temperature and the pressure for 28min to obtain a base unit H when the temperature of a hot-pressed board is reduced to 45 ℃;
s3, light-weight high-strength layer unit: adding a hollow structure layer between two layers of forward bamboo veneers with the thickness of 3mm by using adhesive isocyanate to obtain a light high-strength layer unit;
the hollow structure layer of this example is the same as that of example 4;
s4, plate die pressing preparation: the two surface layer units, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are arranged longitudinally from top to bottom according to the sequence of an upper surface layer unit, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit G, a base layer unit H, a base layer unit G, a light high-strength layer and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom, and the glue coating amount is 340G/m2Then, carrying out plate loading under the condition that the temperature of a hot-pressing plate is 50 ℃, carrying out hot pressing under the conditions that the temperature of the hot-pressing plate is 160 ℃ and the hot-pressing pressure is 5MPa after the plate loading is finished, keeping the temperature and the pressure for 2min, unloading the plate when the temperature of the hot-pressing plate is reduced to 50 ℃, taking out the plate, spacing the edges, and carrying out profiling, thus obtaining a shaping sliding plate;
and S5, sanding the surface of the shaped sliding plate obtained in the S4, sanding the edge of the shaped sliding plate, sealing the edge of the shaped sliding plate, coating a waterproof coating, sticking an anti-slip layer on the surface of the shaped sliding plate, and performing decorative printing to obtain the high-toughness sliding plate.
The high-toughness sliding plate prepared in the example has the plate density of 0.59g/cm3The water absorption thickness expansion rate was 0.3%, the longitudinal bending strength was 191MPa, the transverse bending strength was 139MPa, the impact resistance was 89J, and the surface wear value was 0.060g/100 r.
Example 8
The high-toughness sliding plate is made of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between two layers of the surface layer units, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are arranged in a symmetrical sequence from the center of the high-toughness sliding plate to the upper surface layer unit and the lower surface layer unit; the total number of layers of the surface layer unit, the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit in the high-toughness sliding plate is 7; the 7-layer structure comprises an upper surface layer unit, a base layer unit I, a base layer unit J, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit J, a base layer unit I and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom.
The embodiment also provides a method for preparing the high-toughness sliding plate, which comprises the following steps:
s1, surface layer unit:
selecting bamboo veneer, bamboo skin with lining cloth adhered to the inner side or bamboo skin with weight of 100g/m2The glass fiber cloth as an upper surface layer unit;
slicing the bamboo flat pressing plate to obtain a bamboo veneer with the thickness of 3mm, and taking the bamboo veneer as a lower surface layer unit;
s2, base layer unit:
the method comprises the steps of rotary-cutting bamboo wood into single plates to obtain thin bamboo single plates with the thickness of 0.5mm, coating polyvinyl acetal serving as an adhesive on two surfaces of a natural rubber sheet to obtain an adhesive, and paving the adhesive between two layers of the thin bamboo single plates in the same direction, wherein the paving amount of the adhesive on one surface of each layer of the thin bamboo single plate is 1500g/m2Prepressing for 30s under the normal temperature condition of 0.8MPa, then hot-pressing for 4min under the conditions of 4.5MPa and 170 ℃, and then preserving heat and pressure for 1.2min to obtain a base unit I; the mass fraction of polyvinyl acetal serving as an adhesive in the binder is 10%;
bonding two layers of 3mm thick bamboo single boards with adhesive polyacrylate at 45 deg.C, and packagingThe gluing amount of the adhesive polyacrylate on one surface of each layer of bamboo veneer is 12g/m2Then, hot pressing for 4min under the conditions that the pressure is 4.5MPa and the temperature is 140 ℃, and then keeping the temperature and the pressure for 1.5min to obtain a base layer unit J when the temperature of the hot-pressed board is reduced to 45 ℃;
s3, light-weight high-strength layer unit: adding a hollow structure layer between two layers of forward bamboo veneers with the thickness of 3mm by using adhesive polyurethane to obtain a light high-strength layer unit;
the hollow structure layer of this example is the same as that of example 5;
s4, plate die pressing preparation: longitudinally arranging two layers of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between the two layers of surface layer units according to the sequence of an upper surface layer unit, a base layer unit I, a base layer unit J, a light high-strength layer, a base layer unit J, a base layer unit I and a lower surface layer unit from top to bottom, gluing and bonding adjacent layers from top to bottom, wherein the glue application amount is 380g/m2Then, carrying out plate loading under the condition that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 40 ℃, carrying out hot pressing under the conditions that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 150 ℃ and the hot pressing pressure is 4MPa after the plate loading is finished, keeping the temperature and the pressure for 1.8min, unloading the plate when the temperature of the hot pressing plate is reduced to 40 ℃, taking out the plate, spacing the edge, and carrying out profiling to obtain a shaping sliding plate;
and S5, sanding the surface of the shaped sliding plate obtained in the S4, sanding the edge of the shaped sliding plate, sealing the edge of the shaped sliding plate, coating a waterproof coating, sticking an anti-slip layer on the surface of the shaped sliding plate, and performing decorative printing to obtain the high-toughness sliding plate.
The high-toughness sliding plate prepared by the embodiment has the plate density of 0.69g/cm3The water absorption thickness expansion rate was 0.21%, the longitudinal bending strength was 189MPa, the transverse bending strength was 138MPa, the impact resistance was 92J, and the surface wear value was 0.050g/100 r.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The high-toughness sliding plate is characterized by being made of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between the two surface layer units, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are arranged in sequence from the center of the high-toughness sliding plate to the upper surface layer unit and the lower surface layer unit in a symmetrical arrangement;
the preparation method of the high-toughness sliding plate comprises the following steps:
s1, surface layer unit:
slicing the bamboo flat pressing plate to obtain a bamboo veneer;
flatly pressing and cutting the bamboo wood to obtain bamboo skin;
sticking lining cloth to the inner side of the bamboo skin to obtain the bamboo skin with the lining cloth stuck to the inner side;
selecting one or two of a bamboo veneer, a bamboo skin with lining cloth adhered to the inner side or glass fiber cloth as a surface layer unit;
s2, base layer unit:
uniformly paving the adhesive between two layers of the thin bamboo veneers in the same direction, wherein the paving amount of the adhesive on one surface of each layer of the thin bamboo veneer is 250g/m2～2000g/m2Prepressing for 8-60 s under the normal temperature condition with the pressure of 0.2-6 MPa, then hot-pressing for 2-12 min under the conditions of the pressure of 1-6 MPa and the temperature of 110-180 ℃, and then preserving heat and pressure for 1-30 min to obtain a base unit; the preparation method of the binder comprises two methods: one is as follows: the bamboo is rotationally cut into a single board to obtain a thin bamboo single board, and the thermal elastomer and the adhesive are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a bonding material; the other is as follows: coating adhesive on two sides of the natural rubber sheet to obtain a bonding material;
or, under the condition that the temperature of a hot pressing plate is 20-40 ℃, gluing two layers of bamboo veneers in the same direction by using an adhesive for assembling the bamboo veneers, wherein the gluing amount of the adhesive on one surface of each layer of the bamboo veneer is 12g/m2～500g/m2Then, hot pressing for 1-12 min under the conditions that the pressure is 1-6 MPa and the temperature is 110-180 ℃, keeping the temperature and the pressure for 1-30 min, and obtaining a base layer unit when the temperature of a hot-pressed board is reduced to 40-45 ℃;
s3, light-weight high-strength layer unit: adding a hollow structure layer between two layers of consequent bamboo veneers by using an adhesive to obtain a light high-strength layer unit;
s4, plate die pressing preparation: longitudinally arranging two layers of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between the two layers of surface layer units, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are symmetrically arranged from the center to the top and the bottom, gluing and bonding adjacent layers from top to bottom, and the gluing amount is 200g/m2～600g/m2Then, the plate is installed under the condition that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 40-60 ℃, hot pressing is carried out under the conditions that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 110-180 ℃ and the hot pressing pressure is 2-5 MPa after the plate installation is finished, the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time is 1-30 min, the plate is unloaded when the temperature of the hot pressing plate is reduced to 40-60 ℃, the plate is taken out, the back margin is kept, and the shape is formed, so that a shaping sliding plate is obtained;
and S5, sequentially sanding the surface of the shaped sliding plate obtained in the S4, edge polishing, edge sealing, coating a waterproof coating, sticking an anti-slip layer on the surface, and performing decoration printing to obtain the high-toughness sliding plate.
2. A high-toughness sliding plate according to claim 1, wherein the total number of layers of said surface layer unit, said base layer unit and said lightweight high-strength layer unit in said high-toughness sliding plate is 5 to 7.
3. A process for the preparation of a high toughness slipper according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the process comprises:
s1, surface layer unit:
slicing the bamboo flat pressing plate to obtain a bamboo veneer;
flatly pressing and cutting the bamboo wood to obtain bamboo skin;
sticking lining cloth to the inner side of the bamboo skin to obtain the bamboo skin with the lining cloth stuck to the inner side;
selecting one or two of a bamboo veneer, a bamboo skin with lining cloth adhered to the inner side or glass fiber cloth as a surface layer unit;
s2, base layer unit:
uniformly paving the adhesive between two layers of the thin bamboo veneers in the same direction, wherein the paving amount of the adhesive on one surface of each layer of the thin bamboo veneer is 250g/m2～2000g/m2First, firstPrepressing for 8-60 s under the normal temperature condition with the pressure of 0.2-6 MPa, then hot-pressing for 2-12 min under the conditions of the pressure of 1-6 MPa and the temperature of 110-180 ℃, and then preserving heat and pressure for 1-30 min to obtain a base unit; the preparation method of the binder comprises two preparation methods, one is as follows: the bamboo is rotationally cut into a single board to obtain a thin bamboo single board, and the thermal elastomer and the adhesive are mixed and stirred uniformly to obtain a bonding material; the other is as follows: coating adhesive on two sides of the natural rubber sheet to obtain a bonding material;
or, under the condition that the temperature of a hot pressing plate is 20-40 ℃, gluing two layers of bamboo veneers in the same direction by using an adhesive for assembling the bamboo veneers, wherein the gluing amount of the adhesive on one surface of each layer of the bamboo veneer is 12g/m2～500g/m2Then, hot pressing for 1-12 min under the conditions that the pressure is 1-6 MPa and the temperature is 110-180 ℃, keeping the temperature and the pressure for 1-30 min, and obtaining a base layer unit when the temperature of a hot-pressed board is reduced to 40-45 ℃;
s3, light-weight high-strength layer unit: adding a hollow structure layer between two layers of consequent bamboo veneers by using an adhesive to obtain a light high-strength layer unit;
s4, plate die pressing preparation: longitudinally arranging two layers of surface layer units, and a base layer unit and a light high-strength layer unit which are arranged between the two layers of surface layer units, wherein the base layer unit and the light high-strength layer unit are symmetrically arranged from the center to the top and the bottom, gluing and bonding adjacent layers from top to bottom, and the gluing amount is 200g/m2～600g/m2Then, the plate is installed under the condition that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 40-60 ℃, hot pressing is carried out under the conditions that the temperature of the hot pressing plate is 110-180 ℃ and the hot pressing pressure is 2-5 MPa after the plate installation is finished, the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time is 1-30 min, the plate is unloaded when the temperature of the hot pressing plate is reduced to 40-60 ℃, the plate is taken out, the back margin is kept, and the shape is formed, so that a shaping sliding plate is obtained;
and S5, sequentially sanding the surface of the shaped sliding plate obtained in the S4, edge polishing, edge sealing, coating a waterproof coating, sticking an anti-slip layer on the surface, and performing decoration printing to obtain the high-toughness sliding plate.
4. The method of claim 3The bamboo veneer is characterized in that the thickness of the bamboo veneer in S1, S2 and S3 is 1-5 mm; the weight of the glass fiber cloth in S1 is 40g/m2～150g/m2。
5. The method according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the thin bamboo veneer in S2 is 0.1mm to 2 mm.
6. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the mass fraction of the adhesive in the binder in S2 is 5-15%.
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CN101817189A (en) * 2010-03-22 2010-09-01 南京林业大学 Light weight high strength wood or bamboo base laminated composite precast slab or beam and manufacturing method thereof
CN109795182A (en) * 2019-01-24 2019-05-24 国际竹藤中心 A kind of glass web enhancing bamboo fibre molding slide plate and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101817189A (en) * 2010-03-22 2010-09-01 南京林业大学 Light weight high strength wood or bamboo base laminated composite precast slab or beam and manufacturing method thereof
CN109795182A (en) * 2019-01-24 2019-05-24 国际竹藤中心 A kind of glass web enhancing bamboo fibre molding slide plate and preparation method thereof

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