CN110653335A - Preparation method of high-permeability casting coating - Google Patents
Preparation method of high-permeability casting coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN110653335A CN110653335A CN201911115129.6A CN201911115129A CN110653335A CN 110653335 A CN110653335 A CN 110653335A CN 201911115129 A CN201911115129 A CN 201911115129A CN 110653335 A CN110653335 A CN 110653335A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a high-permeability casting coating, and particularly relates to the technical field of casting, wherein the prepared casting coating has high permeability, and meanwhile, the high-temperature crack resistance and the suspension performance of the casting coating have remarkable advantages; the lithium bentonite is subjected to roasting-freezing-microwave-grinding treatment, the interlayer spacing is initially opened, the dispersion performance is good, conditions are provided for subsequent intercalation of cationic polyacrylamide, then the cationic polyacrylamide is used for carrying out intercalation reaction on the lithium bentonite, the interlayer spacing is further enlarged, the suspension performance of the lithium bentonite serving as a suspending agent is enhanced, the coating is prevented from precipitating, meanwhile, the permeability of the coating is enhanced, the surface of the lithium bentonite is smooth, and demolding is easy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of casting, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a high-permeability casting coating.
Background
The casting coating is an auxiliary material coated on the surface of a casting mould or a core, and has the main functions of: (1) the defects of sand sticking, air holes and the like on the surface of the casting are reduced or prevented so as to obtain the casting with smooth appearance; (2) reducing the surface roughness of the casting; (3) the surface strength of the casting is improved; (4) controlling the cooling speed of the casting; (5) shielding harmful elements; (6) a casting which changes the surface composition and properties of the casting to meet specific properties and requirements; (7) good economic benefits can also be obtained.
Patent CN 106077446A discloses a sand core paint for casting, which is added with bentonite and flaky graphite powder to improve the adsorption property and plasticity of the paint material, and silica sand and mica-rock-like aluminosilicate are used as refractory materials, however, the paint is not pretreated before the paint is applied to the raw materials, so that the defects brought by the raw materials still exist, and the problems of poor permeability, low suspension rate, easy cracking and the like are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention aims to provide a preparation method of a high permeability casting coating.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
(1) preparation of the suspending agent:
a. roasting 30-35 parts of lithium bentonite at 230 ℃ of 200-;
b. b, adding the lithium bentonite obtained in the step a into 80-100 parts of deionized water, stirring for 1-2h at the temperature of 40-50 ℃ at 600rpm after ultrasonic dispersion for 30-40min at 45-50KHz, then adding 8-10 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, heating to 73-76 ℃, stirring and reacting for 10-12h at the speed of 300-350rpm, cooling, centrifuging, washing, and drying at the temperature of 40-45 ℃;
(2) preparing refractory powder:
a. ball milling 50-60 parts of high-alumina bauxite by a nanosphere mill until the particle size is 10-100nm, then adding the mixture into 50-60 parts of tetraethoxysilane, then adding deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and dispersing for 20-30min at 40-45 ℃ and 300-400rpm, then regulating the pH of the mixed solution to 2-3 by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 2-4%, continuously stirring for 40-50min, adding saturated ammonia water, adjusting pH to 5-6, stirring for 20-30min, standing for 20-22 hr, then drying for 15-18h at 76-79 ℃, then heating to 110-120 ℃, continuing to dry for 20-25h, finally freeze-drying for 12-14h at-30 to-35 ℃, crushing and ball-milling until the particle size is 100-500 nm;
b. adding 10-12 parts of mullite powder and 8-10 parts of basalt fiber into a ball mill, then adding 20-30 parts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 2-3%, ball milling for 20-30min, then drying at the temperature of 140-;
(3) preparation of the binder:
adding 20-25 parts of glutinous rice starch into 100-120 parts of deionized water, heating to 94-96 ℃ under the stirring condition of 100-200rpm, continuing to stir for 5-10min, adding 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide with the mass fraction of 2-3%, continuing to stir for 3-5min, adding 3-4 parts of maleic acid, stirring for reacting for 4-6h, adding 5-8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 10-12 parts of silica sol and 5-10 parts of tween-80, stirring for 30-50min at 70-80 ℃ and 500rpm of 300-5 ℃, adding 8-12 parts of n-butanol, and stirring for 3-5 min;
(4) adding 30-35 parts of suspending agent into 60-80 parts of water, stirring for 30-40min at 1200rpm of 1000-.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the casting coating prepared by the invention has high permeability, and simultaneously has remarkable advantages of high-temperature crack resistance and suspension performance; the lithium bentonite is subjected to roasting-freezing-microwave-grinding treatment, the interlayer spacing is initially opened, the dispersion performance is good, conditions are provided for subsequent intercalation of cationic polyacrylamide, then the cationic polyacrylamide is used for carrying out intercalation reaction on the lithium bentonite, the interlayer spacing is further enlarged, the suspension performance of the lithium bentonite as a suspending agent is enhanced, the coating is prevented from precipitating, and meanwhile, the permeability of the coating is enhanced, so that the surface of the lithium bentonite is smooth and the mould is easy to demould; the high-alumina bauxite coating has the advantages that the surface of the high-alumina bauxite is coated with a layer of aerogel, so that the fire resistance and the high-temperature crack resistance of the high-alumina bauxite are improved, the density of the high-alumina bauxite is greatly reduced, the suspension performance of the high-alumina bauxite in the coating is enhanced, and the suspension rate of the coating is improved; the glutinous rice starch is treated by maleic acid, can be crosslinked to a great extent to form an interactive network structure, and is matched with silica sol polyvinyl alcohol, so that the bonding strength of the coating is higher, and meanwhile, the suspension performance and the high-temperature crack resistance are improved.
Detailed Description
The invention is illustrated by the following specific examples, which are not intended to be limiting.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of the suspending agent:
a. roasting 32 parts of lithium bentonite at 210 ℃ for 3 hours, then ball-milling and sieving by a 300-mesh sieve, then putting the lithium bentonite into a freeze drying box, freezing for 4 hours at-43 ℃, taking out the lithium bentonite, treating for 6 minutes by using 800W microwave, and finally grinding for 12 minutes again;
b. b, adding the lithium bentonite obtained in the step a into 90 parts of deionized water, dispersing for 35min by using 47KHz ultrasonic, stirring for 2h at 550rpm and 45 ℃, then adding 9 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, heating to 75 ℃, stirring and reacting for 11h at 330rpm, cooling, centrifuging, washing, and drying at 43 ℃;
(2) preparing refractory powder:
a. ball-milling 55 parts of high-alumina bauxite by using a nano ball mill until the particle size is 10-100nm, then adding the high-alumina bauxite into 55 parts of tetraethoxysilane, then adding deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and dispersing for 25min at 43 ℃ and 350rpm, then adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 3 by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 3%, continuing stirring for 45min, then adding saturated ammonia water into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 6, continuing stirring for 25min, standing for 21h, then drying for 17h at 78 ℃, then heating to 115 ℃, continuing drying for 23h, finally freeze-drying for 13h at-32 ℃, crushing and ball-milling until the particle size is 100-500 nm;
b. adding 11 parts of mullite powder and 9 parts of basalt fiber into a ball mill, then adding 25 parts of 2% hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide ethanol solution by mass percent, carrying out ball milling for 25min, drying at 150 ℃ for 7h, carrying out ball milling until the particle size is 100 plus 500nm, and mixing the materials obtained in the step a to obtain refractory powder;
(3) preparation of the binder:
adding 23 parts of glutinous rice starch into 110 parts of deionized water, heating to 95 ℃ under the stirring condition of 150rpm, continuously stirring for 8min, adding 3 parts of sodium hydroxide with the mass fraction of 3%, continuously stirring for 4min, adding 4 parts of maleic acid, stirring for reacting for 5h, adding 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 11 parts of silica sol and 8 parts of tween-80, stirring for 40min at 75 ℃ and 400rpm, adding 10 parts of n-butanol, and stirring for 4 min;
(4) adding 33 parts of suspending agent into 70 parts of water, stirring at 1100rpm for 35min, adding 75 parts of refractory powder and 150 parts of water, continuing to stir for 35min, adding 22 parts of binder, stirring for 2h, and adding the obtained product into a colloid mill to grind for 2 h.
Tests show that the suspension rate of the obtained coating is 99.6%, the penetration depth is 1.4mm, and the high-temperature crack resistance is grade I.
Example 2
(1) Preparation of the suspending agent:
adding lithium bentonite into 90 parts of deionized water, dispersing for 35min by using 47KHz ultrasonic, stirring for 2h at 550rpm and 45 ℃, then adding 9 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, heating to 75 ℃, stirring and reacting for 11h at 330rpm, cooling, centrifuging, washing, and drying at 43 ℃;
(2) preparing refractory powder:
a. ball-milling 55 parts of high-alumina bauxite by using a nano ball mill until the particle size is 10-100nm, then adding the high-alumina bauxite into 55 parts of tetraethoxysilane, then adding deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and dispersing for 25min at 43 ℃ and 350rpm, then adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 3 by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 3%, continuing stirring for 45min, then adding saturated ammonia water into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 6, continuing stirring for 25min, standing for 21h, then drying for 17h at 78 ℃, then heating to 115 ℃, continuing drying for 23h, finally freeze-drying for 13h at-32 ℃, crushing and ball-milling until the particle size is 100-500 nm;
b. adding 11 parts of mullite powder and 9 parts of basalt fiber into a ball mill, then adding 25 parts of 2% hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide ethanol solution by mass percent, carrying out ball milling for 25min, drying at 150 ℃ for 7h, carrying out ball milling until the particle size is 100 plus 500nm, and mixing the materials obtained in the step a to obtain refractory powder;
(3) preparation of the binder:
adding 23 parts of glutinous rice starch into 110 parts of deionized water, heating to 95 ℃ under the stirring condition of 150rpm, continuously stirring for 8min, adding 3 parts of sodium hydroxide with the mass fraction of 3%, continuously stirring for 4min, adding 4 parts of maleic acid, stirring for reacting for 5h, adding 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 11 parts of silica sol and 8 parts of tween-80, stirring for 40min at 75 ℃ and 400rpm, adding 10 parts of n-butanol, and stirring for 4 min;
(4) adding 33 parts of suspending agent into 70 parts of water, stirring at 1100rpm for 35min, adding 75 parts of refractory powder and 150 parts of water, continuing to stir for 35min, adding 22 parts of binder, stirring for 2h, and adding the obtained product into a colloid mill to grind for 2 h.
Tests show that the suspension rate of the obtained coating is 86.2%, the penetration depth is 1.0mm, and the high-temperature crack resistance is II grade.
Example 3
(1) Preparation of the suspending agent:
roasting 32 parts of lithium bentonite at 210 ℃ for 3 hours, then ball-milling and sieving by a 300-mesh sieve, then putting the lithium bentonite into a freeze drying box, freezing for 4 hours at-43 ℃, taking out the lithium bentonite, treating for 6 minutes by using 800W microwave, and finally grinding for 12 minutes again;
(2) preparing refractory powder:
a. ball-milling 55 parts of high-alumina bauxite by using a nano ball mill until the particle size is 10-100nm, then adding the high-alumina bauxite into 55 parts of tetraethoxysilane, then adding deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and dispersing for 25min at 43 ℃ and 350rpm, then adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 3 by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 3%, continuing stirring for 45min, then adding saturated ammonia water into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 6, continuing stirring for 25min, standing for 21h, then drying for 17h at 78 ℃, then heating to 115 ℃, continuing drying for 23h, finally freeze-drying for 13h at-32 ℃, crushing and ball-milling until the particle size is 100-500 nm;
b. adding 11 parts of mullite powder and 9 parts of basalt fiber into a ball mill, then adding 25 parts of 2% hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide ethanol solution by mass percent, carrying out ball milling for 25min, drying at 150 ℃ for 7h, carrying out ball milling until the particle size is 100 plus 500nm, and mixing the materials obtained in the step a to obtain refractory powder;
(3) preparation of the binder:
adding 23 parts of glutinous rice starch into 110 parts of deionized water, heating to 95 ℃ under the stirring condition of 150rpm, continuously stirring for 8min, adding 3 parts of sodium hydroxide with the mass fraction of 3%, continuously stirring for 4min, adding 4 parts of maleic acid, stirring for reacting for 5h, adding 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 11 parts of silica sol and 8 parts of tween-80, stirring for 40min at 75 ℃ and 400rpm, adding 10 parts of n-butanol, and stirring for 4 min;
(4) adding 33 parts of suspending agent into 70 parts of water, stirring at 1100rpm for 35min, adding 75 parts of refractory powder and 150 parts of water, continuing to stir for 35min, adding 22 parts of binder, stirring for 2h, and adding the obtained product into a colloid mill to grind for 2 h.
Tests show that the suspension rate of the obtained coating is 83.5.6%, the penetration depth is 1.0mm, and the high-temperature crack resistance is II grade.
Example 4
(1) Preparation of the suspending agent:
a. roasting 32 parts of lithium bentonite at 210 ℃ for 3 hours, then ball-milling and sieving by a 300-mesh sieve, then putting the lithium bentonite into a freeze drying box, freezing for 4 hours at-43 ℃, taking out the lithium bentonite, treating for 6 minutes by using 800W microwave, and finally grinding for 12 minutes again;
b. b, adding the lithium bentonite obtained in the step a into 90 parts of deionized water, dispersing for 35min by using 47KHz ultrasonic, stirring for 2h at 550rpm and 45 ℃, then adding 9 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, heating to 75 ℃, stirring and reacting for 11h at 330rpm, cooling, centrifuging, washing, and drying at 43 ℃;
(2) preparing refractory powder:
adding 11 parts of mullite powder and 9 parts of basalt fiber into a ball mill, then adding 25 parts of 2% hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide ethanol solution by mass percent, carrying out ball milling for 25min, drying at 150 ℃ for 7h, and carrying out ball milling together with 55 parts of high bauxite until the particle size is 100-500nm to obtain refractory powder;
(3) preparation of the binder:
adding 23 parts of glutinous rice starch into 110 parts of deionized water, heating to 95 ℃ under the stirring condition of 150rpm, continuously stirring for 8min, adding 3 parts of sodium hydroxide with the mass fraction of 3%, continuously stirring for 4min, adding 4 parts of maleic acid, stirring for reacting for 5h, adding 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 11 parts of silica sol and 8 parts of tween-80, stirring for 40min at 75 ℃ and 400rpm, adding 10 parts of n-butanol, and stirring for 4 min;
(4) adding 33 parts of suspending agent into 70 parts of water, stirring at 1100rpm for 35min, adding 75 parts of refractory powder and 150 parts of water, continuing to stir for 35min, adding 22 parts of binder, stirring for 2h, and adding the obtained product into a colloid mill to grind for 2 h.
Tests show that the suspension rate of the obtained coating is 95.7%, the penetration depth is 1.0mm, and the high-temperature crack resistance is grade III.
Example 5
(1) Preparation of the suspending agent:
a. roasting 32 parts of lithium bentonite at 210 ℃ for 3 hours, then ball-milling and sieving by a 300-mesh sieve, then putting the lithium bentonite into a freeze drying box, freezing for 4 hours at-43 ℃, taking out the lithium bentonite, treating for 6 minutes by using 800W microwave, and finally grinding for 12 minutes again;
b. b, adding the lithium bentonite obtained in the step a into 90 parts of deionized water, dispersing for 35min by using 47KHz ultrasonic, stirring for 2h at 550rpm and 45 ℃, then adding 9 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, heating to 75 ℃, stirring and reacting for 11h at 330rpm, cooling, centrifuging, washing, and drying at 43 ℃;
(2) preparing refractory powder:
a. ball-milling 55 parts of high-alumina bauxite by using a nano ball mill until the particle size is 10-100nm, then adding the high-alumina bauxite into 55 parts of tetraethoxysilane, then adding deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and dispersing for 25min at 43 ℃ and 350rpm, then adjusting the pH of the mixed solution to 3 by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 3%, continuing stirring for 45min, then adding saturated ammonia water into the mixed solution, adjusting the pH to 6, continuing stirring for 25min, standing for 21h, then drying for 17h at 78 ℃, then heating to 115 ℃, continuing drying for 23h, finally freeze-drying for 13h at-32 ℃, crushing and ball-milling until the particle size is 100-500 nm;
b. adding 11 parts of mullite powder and 9 parts of basalt fiber into a ball mill, then adding 25 parts of 2% hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide ethanol solution by mass percent, carrying out ball milling for 25min, drying at 150 ℃ for 7h, carrying out ball milling until the particle size is 100 plus 500nm, and mixing the materials obtained in the step a to obtain refractory powder;
(3) preparation of the binder:
adding 23 parts of glutinous rice starch into 110 parts of deionized water, heating to 95 ℃ under the stirring condition of 150rpm, continuing to stir for 8min, adding 3 parts of sodium hydroxide with the mass fraction of 3%, continuing to stir for 4min, adding 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 11 parts of silica sol and 8 parts of tween-80, stirring at 75 ℃ and 400rpm for 40min, adding 10 parts of n-butanol, and stirring for 4 min;
(4) adding 33 parts of suspending agent into 70 parts of water, stirring at 1100rpm for 35min, adding 75 parts of refractory powder and 150 parts of water, continuing to stir for 35min, adding 22 parts of binder, stirring for 2h, and adding the obtained product into a colloid mill to grind for 2 h.
Tests show that the suspension rate of the obtained coating is 92.6%, the penetration depth is 1.2mm, and the high-temperature crack resistance is grade III.
The specific performance test method comprises the following steps:
testing the suspension property: measuring cylinder measurement is adopted. The method comprises the following specific steps: the well stirred paint was poured into a stoppered graduated cylinder along a glass rod to a 100m L scale, stoppered, allowed to stand for 24 hours, and the volume of the supernatant was measured. The expression of the suspension ratio is: suspension rate = (100-V)/100% V in formula V — volume of coating supernatant in graduated cylinder (m L). Five groups of parallel tests were performed per group, each group was measured 5 times and the average was taken.
And (3) testing the permeability: the selected sand core sample is a phenolic resin coated sand core sample for an iron casting, the dried sand core sample is soaked into a coating to be tested, the dried sand core sample is taken out after 3 seconds, the dried sand core sample is placed into a drying furnace at 160 ℃ for drying for 30min, the dried sand core sample is taken out and broken from the middle, and the penetration depth of the coating on the cross section is measured by using a 10 multiplied scale magnifier produced by Shanghai spectacle optical lens factories, wherein the unit is mm. Five groups of parallel tests were performed per group, each group was measured 5 times and the average was taken.
Testing high-temperature crack resistance: and testing by using a rapid high-temperature sintering furnace, placing the prepared coating sample with the thickness of 1.5mm in a furnace heated to 1200 ℃ for 2min, opening a green door, and rapidly observing whether the coating sample generates cracks and the size of the cracks at high temperature. The high-temperature crack resistance is classified into four grades, i grade, the surface is smooth and has no cracks or only extremely fine cracks; II, dendritic or reticular cracks are formed on the surface, and the width of the cracks is less than 0.5 mm; grade III, dendritic or reticular cracks are arranged on the surface, and the width of the cracks is less than 1 mm; and IV, dendritic or reticular cracks are formed on the surface of the alloy, and the width of each crack is larger than 1 mm.
Claims (3)
1. The preparation method of the high-permeability casting coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparation of the suspending agent:
a. roasting 30-35 parts of lithium bentonite at 230 ℃ of 200-;
b. b, adding the lithium bentonite obtained in the step a into 80-100 parts of deionized water, stirring for 1-2 hours at 40-50 ℃ at 600rpm after ultrasonic dispersion for 30-40min, then adding 8-10 parts of cationic polyacrylamide, heating to 73-76 ℃, stirring and reacting for 10-12 hours at 350rpm of 300-45 ℃, cooling, centrifuging, washing, and drying at 40-45 ℃;
(2) preparing refractory powder:
a. ball milling 50-60 parts of high-alumina bauxite by a nanosphere mill until the particle size is 10-100nm, then adding the mixture into 50-60 parts of tetraethoxysilane, then adding deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol, stirring and dispersing for 20-30min at 40-45 ℃ and 300-400rpm, then regulating the pH of the mixed solution to 2-3 by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass fraction of 2-4%, continuously stirring for 40-50min, adding saturated ammonia water, adjusting pH to 5-6, stirring for 20-30min, standing for 20-22 hr, then drying for 15-18h at 76-79 ℃, then heating to 110-120 ℃, continuing to dry for 20-25h, finally freeze-drying for 12-14h at-30 to-35 ℃, crushing and ball-milling until the particle size is 100-500 nm;
b. adding 10-12 parts of mullite powder and 8-10 parts of basalt fiber into a ball mill, then adding 20-30 parts of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide ethanol solution with the mass fraction of 2-3%, ball milling for 20-30min, then drying at the temperature of 140-;
(3) preparation of the binder:
adding 20-25 parts of glutinous rice starch into 100-120 parts of deionized water, heating to 94-96 ℃ under the stirring condition of 100-200rpm, continuing to stir for 5-10min, adding 2-3 parts of sodium hydroxide with the mass fraction of 2-3%, continuing to stir for 3-5min, adding 3-4 parts of maleic acid, stirring for reacting for 4-6h, adding 5-8 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 10-12 parts of silica sol and 5-10 parts of tween-80, stirring for 30-50min at 70-80 ℃ and 500rpm of 300-5 ℃, adding 8-12 parts of n-butanol, and stirring for 3-5 min;
(4) adding 30-35 parts of suspending agent into 60-80 parts of water, stirring for 30-40min at 1200rpm of 1000-.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microwave treatment power in step (1) is 700- > 1000W.
3. The method for preparing a high-permeability foundry coating according to claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic treatment condition of the step (1) is 45-50 KHz.
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| CN114192738A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-18 | 金耐源(河南)工业科技有限公司 | Aluminosilicate binder for casting and preparation method thereof |
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