CN110653005B - Application of heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst - Google Patents
Application of heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst Download PDFInfo
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- CN110653005B CN110653005B CN201910982233.9A CN201910982233A CN110653005B CN 110653005 B CN110653005 B CN 110653005B CN 201910982233 A CN201910982233 A CN 201910982233A CN 110653005 B CN110653005 B CN 110653005B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/02—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides
- B01J31/06—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing organic compounds or metal hydrides containing polymers
- B01J31/069—Hybrid organic-inorganic polymers, e.g. silica derivatized with organic groups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/188—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
- B01J27/19—Molybdenum
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D301/00—Preparation of oxiranes
- C07D301/02—Synthesis of the oxirane ring
- C07D301/03—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds
- C07D301/04—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen
- C07D301/06—Synthesis of the oxirane ring by oxidation of unsaturated compounds, or of mixtures of unsaturated and saturated compounds with air or molecular oxygen in the liquid phase
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D303/00—Compounds containing three-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- C07D303/02—Compounds containing oxirane rings
- C07D303/04—Compounds containing oxirane rings containing only hydrogen and carbon atoms in addition to the ring oxygen atoms
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2231/00—Catalytic reactions performed with catalysts classified in B01J31/00
- B01J2231/70—Oxidation reactions, e.g. epoxidation, (di)hydroxylation, dehydrogenation and analogues
- B01J2231/72—Epoxidation
Abstract
The invention discloses an application of a heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst, and belongs to the technical field of catalysts and preparation methods thereof. The catalyst is an immobilized polyoxometallate catalyst formed by grafting polyoxometallate on a polyurethane material; carrying out chain extension on the polyurethane prepolymer and a chain extender to generate a high-molecular polyurethane material, then reacting the high-molecular polyurethane material with APTES in toluene, and finally heating and refluxing the obtained product and polyoxometallate in acetonitrile to obtain a polyurethane-supported heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst; the obtained catalyst can be used for catalyzing olefin reaction to prepare epoxide. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, good mechanical property and stability of the carrier, good plasticity, high catalytic activity and good stability of the prepared catalyst, insolubility in a reaction system, convenient recovery and repeated recycling, and low cost and environmental friendliness when the catalyst is used for catalyzing olefin reaction to prepare epoxide.
Description
The patent application of the invention is divisional application. The invention name of the original application is 'heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof', the application date is 12 months and 14 days in 2017, and the application number is '201711341565.6'.
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of catalysts and preparation methods thereof, and relates to an immobilized heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst in olefin epoxidation catalytic reaction.
Background
Epoxides are key raw materials of importance for the production of various chemical species, such as glycols, glycol ethers, alcohol amines, and polymers. The chlorohydrin method and the co-oxidation method are the main methods for industrially producing the epoxide at present, but the chlorohydrin method and the co-oxidation method generate a large amount of halogen-containing wastewater in the production process, so the environmental pollution is serious; the latter, because of the equimolar amounts of co-product produced, is economically very limited by market factors. In addition, the peracid oxidation method adopts high-concentration peracetic acid as an oxidant, so that great potential safety hazards exist in the production process, and a large amount of acetic acid is generated in the production process, so that the product separation is difficult, and thus the method cannot realize large-scale production at home.
The metal compound with oxidability is used as a catalyst to carry out catalytic oxidation on olefin, and alkyl peroxide, hydrogen peroxide or oxygen (air) is used as an oxygen source, so that a novel idea and a production process are provided for the synthesis of the aliphatic epoxy compound. The invention patent with the publication number of CN101143919 proposes a catalytic epoxidation process with a catalyst which can be recycled, but the process has the problems that the catalyst is difficult to recover and remains in the product. CN101045717A provides a direct catalytic epoxidation method, which adopts alkene, cycloolefin or aromatic olefin containing 1-10 carbon atoms and hydrogen peroxide solution as raw materials, and better solves the problem of poor catalytic stability caused by decomposition of quaternary ammonium phosphotungstic acid salt due to the existence of water. CN103172777A provides a new method for preparing epoxidized polybutadiene resin by direct catalytic epoxidation, which takes polyacid quaternary ammonium salt as a catalyst and acid ionic liquid as a reaction medium. In the above researches, polyoxometallate is used as an active species for catalytic epoxidation of olefin, and although the activity is high, the catalytic process is homogeneous catalysis or has the hidden danger of unstable active center. The catalyst is difficult to recover and reuse after use, i.e., separation, recovery and recycling of the catalyst are very difficult. Thereby restricting the large-scale industrial application of the polyoxometallate catalyst in the olefin epoxidation catalytic reaction for preparing the aliphatic epoxy compound.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a polyurethane material-supported polyoxometalate catalyst, wherein the catalyst prepared by the method can be stably recycled for multiple times and can be used for producing olefin epoxy compounds safely and massively.
The technical problem is solved by the following technical scheme:
a heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst is an immobilized polyoxometallate catalyst formed by grafting polyoxometallate on a polyurethane material, wherein the polyoxometallate is used as an active component, and the polyurethane material is used as a carrier; said polyoxometallate comprises H3PMo12O40、H3PW12O40、H3SiMo12O40、H3SiW12O40、H6PMo11FeO40、H6PMo11CoO40。
A preparation method of a heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst comprises the following specific steps: mixing a polyurethane prepolymer and a polyhydroxy compound serving as a chain extender, and adding the mixture into acetone, wherein the molar ratio of isocyanate in the polyurethane prepolymer to hydroxyl in the polyhydroxy compound is 1: 1.2-2, keeping the reaction temperature of 50-80 ℃, stirring and reacting for 3 hours to carry out chain extension to generate a high polymer Polyurethane (PU), drying and curing, and grinding; after vacuum drying the ground polyurethane material, under nitrogen protection, charging the ground polyurethane material into a flask together with dried toluene, wherein 30ml of toluene is used per gram of polyurethane, and then adding 3-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) because the molar ratio of isocyanate group to hydroxyl group in the previous chain extension reaction is 1: 1.2-2, the hydroxyl is excessive, so the excessive hydroxyl does not participate in the reaction, and the molar ratio of the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to the unreacted hydroxyl is 1-1.5: reacting at 1,110 deg.c for 24 hr, washing, extracting and vacuum drying; then heating and refluxing the obtained product and polyoxometallate in acetonitrile for 6 hours, wherein the ratio of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to polyoxometallate is 1:1, extracting, and drying in vacuum to obtain a polyurethane-supported heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst (marked as POM-PU); the polyurethane prepolymer is an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer synthesized by diisocyanate and polyhydroxy compound, wherein the diisocyanate comprises Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI), p-phenylene diisocyanate (PPDI), 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) and Naphthalene Diisocyanate (NDI); the polyhydroxy compound for chain extension is a trihydroxy compound with the molecular weight of 70-300; said polyoxometallate comprises H3PMo12O40，H3PW12O40，H3SiMo12O40，H3SiW12O40，H6PMo11FeO40，H6PMo11CoO40。
The polyurethane prepolymer is preferably an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer synthesized by MDI or NDI and a polyhydroxy compound.
The chain-extending polyhydroxyl compound is preferably 1,2, 3-trihydroxypropane or 1,2, 4-trihydroxybutane.
The polyoxometallate is preferably H3PMo12O40。
The application of heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst in catalyzing olefin reaction to prepare epoxide includes the following steps: adding olefin, isobutyraldehyde and the heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst into a three-neck flask for reaction, wherein acetonitrile is used as a solvent, and 1-2 mmol of isobutyraldehyde, 10 mg of catalyst and 5 ml of acetonitrile solvent are used for each mmol of olefin; stirring and heating the mixture for reflux at the temperature of 35-60 ℃ in an oil bath, supplying air by an air pump, controlling the flow rate of the air by a flowmeter to be 10 milliliters per minute, reacting for 3-8 hours, and filtering to remove the catalyst after the reaction is finished to obtain the epoxide. The conversion rate of olefin can be judged by measuring the content of epoxide in the mixed liquid by gas chromatography.
Has the advantages that:
1. the preparation method of the heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst (POM-PU) has the advantages of simple process, good mechanical property and stability of the carrier and good plasticity. Particularly, the polyurethane carrier prepared by taking NDI as a basic raw material has the best mechanical property and stability.
2. The heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst (POM-PU) has the outstanding technical progress of high catalyst activity and excellent stability. When the catalyst is used for preparing epoxide, the catalyst not only has better reaction activity, but also is insoluble in a reaction liquid system and easy to separate, the catalyst can be recycled for many times through simple filtration, washing and drying, the activity cannot be reduced, active species are not lost, the defect that the homogeneous catalyst is difficult to recycle is avoided, and the cost is greatly saved. Especially in the presence of H3PMo12O40The catalyst which is an active species has the highest activity and the best stability.
3. When the heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst (POM-PU) is used for catalyzing olefin reaction to prepare epoxide, air is used as an oxygen source for epoxidation, the cost is low, the whole process is environment-friendly, and the green chemical concept is met.
Detailed Description
Example 1
4mmol of isocyanate-terminated prepolymer synthesized by NDI and polyhydroxy compound, 5mmol of 1,2, 3-trihydroxypropane and 10ml of acetone are sequentially added into a flask, the reaction temperature of 70 ℃ is kept, stirring reaction is carried out for 3 hours, chain extension is carried out, high molecular Polyurethane (PU) material is generated, drying and curing are carried out, and grinding is carried out. 1g of the ground polyurethane material (containing 2mmol of unreacted hydroxyl groups) was dried under vacuum, charged into a flask together with 30ml of dried toluene under nitrogen protection, 2mmol of APTES was added, reacted at 110 ℃ for 24h, washed, extracted and dried under vacuum. The resulting product was taken up with 2mmol H3PMo12O40Heating and refluxing for 6h in acetonitrile, extracting, and drying in vacuum to obtain a polyurethane-supported polyoxometallate catalyst which is marked as POM-PU-1.
In the reaction, the prepolymer is changed into a terminal isocyanate group prepolymer synthesized by MDI and polyhydroxy compound, and other steps and conditions are not changed to obtain another polyurethane-supported polyoxometallate catalyst which is marked as POM-PU-2.
Example 2
Adding 4mmol of isocyanate-terminated prepolymer synthesized by TDI and polyhydroxy compound, 5mmol of 1,2, 3-trihydroxybutane and 10ml of acetone into a flask in sequence, keeping the reaction temperature of 70 ℃, stirring for reaction for 3 hours to carry out chain extension, generating high molecular Polyurethane (PU), drying, curing and grinding. 1g of the ground polyurethane material (containing 2mmol of unreacted hydroxyl groups) was dried under vacuum, charged into a flask together with 30ml of dried toluene under nitrogen protection, 2mmol of APTES was added, reacted at 110 ℃ for 24h, washed, extracted and dried under vacuum. The resulting product was taken up with 2mmol H6PMo11CoO40Heating and refluxing for 6h in acetonitrile, extracting, and drying in vacuum to obtain a polyurethane-supported polyoxometallate catalyst which is marked as POM-PU-3.
In the reaction, the prepolymer is changed into a terminal isocyanate group prepolymer synthesized by PPDI and a polyhydroxy compound, and other steps and conditions are not changed, so that another polyurethane-supported polyoxometallate catalyst is obtained and is marked as POM-PU-4.
Example 3
2.0mmol of 1-octene and 20mg of POM-PU-1 prepared in example 1 and 2.0mmol of isobutyraldehyde were added to a 50ml three-neck flask, respectively, and reacted, 10ml of acetonitrile was used as a solvent, and stirred and heated under reflux in an oil bath at 40 ℃ with an air flow rate of 10ml/min for 4 hours. After completion of the reaction, the catalyst was removed by filtration. The selectivity of 1-octene to epoxy-1-octene was determined to be 99.0% or more and the 1-octene conversion was determined to be 98.1% by gas chromatography.
After the reaction is finished, the catalyst POM-PU-1 is filtered, washed with acetonitrile for five times, dried and recycled, and the reaction conditions are not changed. The conversion rate results of the 1-octene after five times of circulation are respectively 98.1%, 96.9%, 98.3%, 97.4% and 97.9%, and the epoxide selectivity is more than or equal to 99.0%, which shows that the heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst prepared by the invention has high activity, good stability, no loss of active species and can be recycled for multiple times.
Example 4
In a 50ml three-necked flask, 2.0mmol of cyclooctene, 20mg of POM-PU-2 prepared in example 1, and 4.0mmol of isobutyraldehyde were added to react, 10ml of acetonitrile was used as a solvent, and the mixture was stirred and heated under reflux in an oil bath at 35 ℃ with an air flow rate of 10ml/min for 3 hours. After completion of the reaction, the catalyst was removed by filtration. The selectivity of converting cyclooctene into epoxycyclooctene is determined to be more than or equal to 99.0 percent by adopting a gas chromatography, and the conversion rate of cyclooctene is determined to be 96.8 percent.
After the reaction is finished, the catalyst POM-PU-2 is filtered, washed with acetonitrile for five times, dried and recycled, and the reaction conditions are not changed. The results of the cyclooctene conversion rate of five times of circulation are respectively 96.8%, 97.2%, 96.1%, 98.4% and 97.7%, and the epoxide selectivity is more than or equal to 99.0%, which shows that the heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst prepared by the invention has high activity, good stability, no loss of active species and can be recycled for multiple times.
Example 5
2.0mmol of cyclohexene, 20mg of POM-PU-3 prepared in example 2 and 3.0mmol of isobutyraldehyde are respectively added into a 50ml three-neck flask for reaction, 10ml of acetonitrile is used as a solvent, the mixture is stirred and heated under reflux at 55 ℃ in an oil bath, the air flow is 10ml/min, and the reaction is carried out for 6 hours. After completion of the reaction, the catalyst was removed by filtration. The selectivity of cyclohexene converted into cyclohexene oxide is determined to be more than or equal to 99.0% by adopting gas chromatography, and the cyclohexene conversion rate is determined to be 95.4%.
After the reaction is finished, the catalyst POM-PU-3 is filtered, washed with acetonitrile for five times, dried and recycled, and the reaction conditions are not changed. The results of the cyclohexene conversion rates which are circulated for five times are respectively 95.4%, 96.1%, 95.3%, 94.9% and 96.3%, and the epoxide selectivity is more than or equal to 99.0%, which shows that the heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst prepared by the invention has high activity, good stability, no loss of active species and can be recycled for multiple times.
Example 6
2.0mmol of 1-octene and 20mg of POM-PU-4 prepared in example 1 and 2.0mmol of isobutyraldehyde were added into a 50ml three-neck flask respectively for reaction, 10ml of acetonitrile was used as a solvent, and the mixture was stirred and heated under reflux in an oil bath at 60 ℃ with the air flow rate of 10ml/min for reaction for 8 hours. After completion of the reaction, the catalyst was removed by filtration. The selectivity of 1-octene to epoxy-1-octene was determined to be 99.0% or more and the 1-octene conversion was determined to be 94.5% by gas chromatography.
After the reaction is finished, the catalyst POM-PU-4 is filtered, washed with acetonitrile for five times, dried and recycled, and the reaction conditions are not changed. The results of the conversion rates of the 1-octene after five times of circulation are respectively 94.5%, 96.4%, 94.9%, 95.5% and 94.7%, and the epoxide selectivity is more than or equal to 99.0%, which shows that the heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst prepared by the invention has high activity, good stability, no loss of active species and can be recycled for multiple times.
Claims (5)
1. The application of heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst in catalyzing olefin reaction to prepare epoxide includes the following steps: adding olefin, isobutyraldehyde and the heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst into a three-neck flask for reaction, and taking acetonitrile as a solvent, wherein each timeUsing 1-2 mmol of isobutyraldehyde, 10 mg of catalyst and 5 ml of acetonitrile solvent for mmol of olefin; stirring and heating for refluxing at the temperature of 35-60 ℃ in an oil bath, supplying air by an air pump, controlling the flow rate of the air by a flowmeter to be 10 milliliters per minute, reacting for 3-8 hours, and filtering to remove the catalyst after the reaction is finished to obtain the epoxide; the heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst is an immobilized polyoxometallate catalyst formed by grafting polyoxometallate on a polyurethane material, wherein the polyoxometallate is used as an active component, and the polyurethane material is used as a carrier; said polyoxometallate comprises H3PMo12O40、H3PW12O40、H3SiMo12O40、H3SiW12O40、H6PMo11FeO40、H6PMo11CoO40。
2. The use of a heterogeneous polyoxometalate catalyst according to claim 1 wherein the heterogeneous polyoxometalate catalyst is prepared by the following process: mixing a polyurethane prepolymer and a polyhydroxy compound serving as a chain extender, and adding the mixture into acetone, wherein the molar ratio of isocyanate in the polyurethane prepolymer to hydroxyl in the polyhydroxy compound is 1: 1.2-2, stirring and reacting for 3 hours at the reaction temperature of 50-80 ℃ to carry out chain extension to generate a high-molecular polyurethane material, drying and curing, and grinding; vacuum drying the ground polyurethane material, and then putting the ground polyurethane material and dried toluene into a flask under the protection of nitrogen, wherein each gram of polyurethane uses 30ml of toluene, 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane is added, and the molar ratio of the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane to unreacted hydroxyl in the polyurethane is 1-1.5: reacting at 1,110 deg.c for 24 hr, washing, extracting and vacuum drying; then heating and refluxing the obtained product and polyoxometallate in acetonitrile for 6 hours, wherein the molar ratio of 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane to polyoxometallate is 1:1, extracting, and drying in vacuum to obtain a heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst; the polyurethane prepolymer is synthesized by diisocyanate and polyhydroxy compoundA isocyanate-terminated prepolymer, wherein the diisocyanate is toluene diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate or naphthalene diisocyanate; the polyhydroxy compound for chain extension is a trihydroxy compound with the molecular weight of 70-300; said polyoxometallate is H3PMo12O40、H3PW12O40、H3SiMo12O40、H3SiW12O40、H6PMo11FeO40Or H6PMo11CoO40。
3. The use of the heterogeneous polyoxometallate catalyst as claimed in claim 2, wherein the polyurethane prepolymer is an isocyanate-terminated prepolymer synthesized from 4, 4' -diphenylmethane diisocyanate or naphthalene diisocyanate and a polyol.
4. Use of a heterogeneous polyoxometalate catalyst according to claim 2 wherein the chain-extending polyol is 1,2, 3-trihydroxypropane or 1,2, 4-trihydroxybutane.
5. Use of a heterogeneous polyoxometalate catalyst according to claim 1 or 2 wherein the polyoxometalate is H3PMo12O40。
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| CN108097311B (en) | 2020-03-20 |
| CN110653005A (en) | 2020-01-07 |
| CN108097311A (en) | 2018-06-01 |
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