CN110652949A

CN110652949A - Micro-reactor

Info

Publication number: CN110652949A
Application number: CN201911043478.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张金利; 李文鹏; 张敏卿; 李韡; 周鸣亮
Original assignee: SHANGHAI FLUKO TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Current assignee: SHANGHAI FLUKO TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-30
Filing date: 2019-10-30
Publication date: 2020-01-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a microreactor, which comprises a reaction channel, wherein the reaction channel is sequentially provided with at least two reaction chambers in the shape of eight diagrams, a first flow dividing column and a second flow dividing column are arranged in the first reaction chamber and the second reaction chamber, fluid which is radially sprayed through an inlet of the first reaction chamber is divided into two branches by the first flow dividing column, and the two branches are combined in the middle of the first reaction chamber and then sprayed at an outlet of the first reaction chamber; the fluid injected through the inlet of the second reaction chamber is divided into two sub-streams by the second split-stream column, and the two sub-streams are combined in the middle of the reaction chamber and then injected at the outlet. The micro-reactor avoids high pressure drop caused by friction between high-speed fluid and a wall surface. The high-speed collision of the high-speed fluid and the flow distribution column accelerates the breaking of the fluid and divides the sprayed fluid into two parts to reduce the diffusion distance of the fluid, thereby realizing higher mixing effect under low pressure drop, avoiding the coalescence of multi-phase fluid caused by vortex, and being particularly suitable for the mixing and mass transfer of the multi-phase fluid.

Description

Micro-reactor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of reaction equipment, in particular to a microreactor applied to the fields of chemical engineering, medicine and the like.

Background

The micro chemical technology is a novel process strengthening technology, has the advantages of large specific surface area, high heat and mass transfer rate, high safety, integration and controllability, small amplification effect, low energy consumption and material consumption and the like due to the micronization of the characteristic dimension, and is widely applied to various processes of quick mixing, emulsification, mass transfer, heat transfer and reaction. In recent decades, the rapid development of the foundation, application research, and process development of micro chemical engineering has become a typical example of the process enhancement field, and gradually forms a new subject direction, namely micro chemical engineering and technology.

CN102188944A discloses a chaotic multistage vortex micro-reactor, which comprises a plurality of eight diagrams positive fish-shaped micro-reaction chambers connected end to end in sequence, wherein the tail part of the upstream eight diagrams positive fish-shaped reaction chamber tangentially enters the head part of the downstream eight diagrams positive fish-shaped reaction chamber, fluid is pressurized through a tail part small-diameter jet orifice and then impacts the inner wall of the micro-reaction chamber at high speed, so that liquid particles are crushed to micron level, and vortex is generated under the guide of the arc-shaped inner wall of the positive fish, thereby achieving the purpose of full mixing and reaction. However, just because the reactor injects the fluid through the tail part small-diameter jet to impact the fluid with the inner wall of the micro-reaction chamber at high speed, a large amount of energy is dissipated by the inner wall of the micro-reaction chamber, so that the micro-reactor has higher pressure drop and lower energy utilization rate. And the fluid is guided by the inner wall to generate vortex, and the coalescence of the multi-phase fluid is accelerated under the action of centrifugal force, so that the mixing and mass transfer of the multi-phase fluid such as liquid-liquid, gas-liquid and the like are not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provides a microreactor.

The technical scheme of the invention is summarized as follows:

a microreactor comprises a reaction channel, wherein at least two reaction chambers are sequentially arranged on the reaction channel, the reaction chambers are in the shape of eight diagrams, a first splitter column is arranged at the position, close to the inlet of a first reaction chamber, in the first reaction chamber, a second splitter column is arranged at the position, close to the inlet of a second reaction chamber, in the second reaction chamber, and the outlet of the first reaction chamber is connected with the inlet of the second reaction chamber.

The fluid radially sprayed through the inlet of the first reaction chamber is divided into two branches by the first split-flow column, and is combined in the middle of the first reaction chamber and then sprayed at the outlet of the first reaction chamber; the fluid injected through the inlet of the second reaction chamber is divided into two sub-streams by the second split-stream column, and is injected at the outlet of the second reaction chamber after being combined in the middle of the second reaction chamber.

The cross section of the first diversion column is circular, triangular, quadrilateral, drop-shaped, heart-shaped or eight diagrams fish-shaped.

The cross section of the second diversion column is circular, triangular, quadrilateral, drop-shaped, heart-shaped or eight diagrams fish-shaped.

The first split-flow column and the second split-flow column are preferably circular in cross-section.

And a turbulent flow structure or a flow dividing structure can be arranged in the middle of the reaction chamber.

The turbulent flow structure is a small flow-dividing column or a filler and the like.

The shunting structure is an arc plate and the like.

The invention has the advantages that:

the micro-reactor is provided with the flow dividing column at the inlet of the reaction chamber near the reaction chamber, and radial feeding is adopted to ensure that the energy of the high-speed fluid injected through the inlet of the first reaction chamber is mostly consumed by the fluid, thereby avoiding high pressure drop generated by friction between the high-speed fluid and the wall surface. The high-speed collision of the high-speed fluid and the flow distribution column accelerates the breaking of the fluid and divides the sprayed fluid into two parts to reduce the diffusion distance of the fluid, thereby realizing higher mixing effect under low pressure drop, avoiding the coalescence of multi-phase fluid caused by vortex, and being particularly suitable for the mixing and mass transfer of the multi-phase fluid.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a microreactor according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged schematic view of a portion a in fig. 1.

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a flow distribution column in a reaction chamber.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a reaction chamber with a small flow-splitting column.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the reaction chamber with an arc plate disposed therein.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

A microreactor (see figure 1) comprises a reaction channel, wherein the reaction channel is sequentially provided with at least two reaction chambers (3 reaction chambers are shown in figure 2), the reaction chambers are in the shape of eight diagrams, a first flow-dividing column 4 is arranged in the first reaction chamber 2 near an inlet 1 of the first reaction chamber, a second flow-dividing column 7 is arranged in the second reaction chamber 3 near an inlet 6 of the second reaction chamber, and an outlet 5 of the first reaction chamber is connected with an inlet 6 of the second reaction chamber.

The fluid radially sprayed through the inlet of the first reaction chamber is divided into two branches by the first split-flow column, and is combined in the middle of the first reaction chamber and then sprayed at the outlet of the first reaction chamber; the fluid injected through the inlet of the second reaction chamber is divided into two sub-streams by the second split-stream column, and is injected at the outlet 8 of the second reaction chamber after being combined in the middle of the second reaction chamber.

The cross section of the diversion column is round (figure 3a), eight diagrams fish shape (figure 3b, figure 3c), drop shape (figure 3d), triangle (figure 3e), quadrangle (figure 3f) or heart shape (figure 3 g).

The cross-section of the splitter column is preferably circular.

The turbulent flow structure is a small flow-dividing column (see figure 4) or filler and the like.

The shunting structures are arc plates (see fig. 5) and the like.

When the cross section of the splitter column is circular, the ratio of the diameter of the splitter column to the diameter of the head of the eight-trigram-shaped reaction chamber is any value from 0.01 to 0.99, such as: 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.4, 05, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, 0.9 or 0.99, preferably in a ratio of any of 0.2 to 0.6, such as 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, 0.4, 05 or 0.6.

Claims

1. A microreactor comprises a reaction channel, wherein at least two reaction chambers are sequentially arranged on the reaction channel, and the microreactor is characterized in that the reaction chambers are in the shape of eight diagrams, a first splitter column is arranged at the position, close to the inlet of a first reaction chamber, in the first reaction chamber, a second splitter column is arranged at the position, close to the inlet of a second reaction chamber, in the second reaction chamber, and the outlet of the first reaction chamber is connected with the inlet of the second reaction chamber.

2. The microreactor of claim 1, wherein the cross-section of the flow-dividing column is circular, triangular, quadrilateral, drop-shaped, heart-shaped or eight-Diagram fish-shaped.

3. A microreactor according to claim 2, wherein the cross-section of the split-flow column is circular.

4. A microreactor according to claim 1, characterized in that a flow-disturbing structure or a flow-dividing structure is arranged in the middle of the reaction chamber.