CN110649832A - Three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure and common-mode voltage calculation method thereof - Google Patents
Three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure and common-mode voltage calculation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110649832A CN110649832A CN201910849093.8A CN201910849093A CN110649832A CN 110649832 A CN110649832 A CN 110649832A CN 201910849093 A CN201910849093 A CN 201910849093A CN 110649832 A CN110649832 A CN 110649832A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
Abstract
The invention discloses a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure which comprises a direct-current power supply, two energy storage capacitors connected in series at a direct-current side, a distributed capacitor, a full-bridge inverter bridge and 2 inductors, wherein the two capacitors are connected in series at the direct-current side; the positive electrode of the direct current power supply is connected with an energy storage capacitor C on the upper side of the direct current side1The positive electrode of the inverter bridge is connected with the full-bridge inverter bridge IGBT collector or the MOSFET drain; the negative pole of the DC power supply is connected with a lower edge energy storage capacitor C of the DC side2Negative electrode, full bridge inverter bridge IGBT emitter or MOSFET source, CpDistributing capacitance to ground for the photovoltaic panel; the output end of the full-bridge inverter bridge is connected with an inductor L and then is connected with a three-phase electric neutral point, ia is led out from the middle point of the two energy storage capacitors connected in series and is connected with the three-phase electric neutral point, and the three-phase electric neutral point is grounded. According to the three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure, the grid-connected filter inductor connected with the midpoint of the capacitor bridge arm is removed, so that the cost is reduced, and the common-mode voltage change of the grid-connected inverter is greatly reducedThe generation of leakage current is effectively inhibited.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic power generation, in particular to a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure and a common-mode voltage calculation method thereof.
Background
In the non-isolated photovoltaic grid-connected inverter, a large ground distributed capacitor exists between a photovoltaic array and the ground, and a common mode resonance loop consisting of the distributed capacitor, a filter element and power grid impedance is formed; under the action of high-frequency switching of the inverter, common-mode current is generated due to the change of common-mode voltage. When the common mode current flows through the resonant circuit, the earth distributed capacitance of the photovoltaic array generates leakage current, the generation of the leakage current can not only reduce the quality of grid-connected current, cause current distortion and increase harmonic waves and loss, but also bring about the problem of electromagnetic interference, reduce the safety and reliability of a system, and even endanger the equipment and personal safety. It is therefore essential to reduce the common mode voltage of the photovoltaic system to suppress the leakage current.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical defects that the photovoltaic array generates leakage current due to the earth distributed capacitance in the prior art, the generation of the leakage current can not only reduce the quality of grid-connected current, cause current distortion and increase harmonic waves and loss, but also bring about the problem of electromagnetic interference and reduce the safety and reliability of a system,
the invention provides a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure in a first aspect, and the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure comprises the following steps:
the direct current power supply, two energy storage capacitors connected in series at the direct current side, a distributed capacitor, a full-bridge inverter bridge and 2 inductors are connected in series;
the positive electrode of the direct current power supply is connected with an energy storage capacitor C on the upper side of the direct current side1The positive electrode and the full-bridge inverter bridge IGBT collector; the negative pole of the DC power supply is connected with a lower edge energy storage capacitor C of the DC side2Negative electrode, full bridge inverter bridge IGBT emitter or MOSFET source, CpOne end of the photovoltaic panel is connected with an energy storage capacitor C2The negative electrode of (1); the output end of the full-bridge inverter bridge is connected with an inductor L and then is connected with a three-phase electric neutral point, and i is led out from the middle point of two energy storage capacitors connected in seriesaAnd connecting the three-phase electric neutral point, and grounding the three-phase electric neutral point.
In a preferred scheme, all the switching devices of the full-bridge inverter bridge are IGBTs or MOSFETs.
In a preferred scheme, the inverter loop unit comprises IGBT/SbAnd IGBT/ScWherein IGBT/SbComprising IGBTs/Ss connected in seriesb1And IGBT/Sb2Wherein IGBT/ScComprising IGBTs/Ss connected in seriesc1And IGBT/Sc2；IGBT/Sb1Collector and capacitor C1One end of (1), positive electrode electrical connection of DC corona, IGBT/Sb2Emitter and capacitor C2One end of the direct current power supply is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply; IGBT/Sc1Collector and capacitor C1Is electrically connected with the positive electrode of the DC power supply, and the emitter of the IGBT/Sc2 and the capacitor C2One end of the direct current power supply is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply; the bases of the four IGBTs are electrically connected with a power supply drive, and the input ends of the inductors are respectively connected with the IGBTs/Ssb1And IGBT/Sb2Middle, IGBT/Sc1And IGBT/Sc2In the meantime.
The second invention provides a common-mode voltage calculation method for a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure, which is applied to the three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure and comprises the following steps:
s1, simplifying a topological structure of a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter;
s2, performing equivalence on the simplified model obtained in the step S1;
and S3, calculating the common-mode voltage of the inverter.
In a preferred embodiment, in the simplified model obtained in step S1:
the V isBOIs the voltage between the midpoint of the bridge arm B (B) and the midpoint of the bridge arm capacitor (O), VCOIs the voltage between the C bridge arm midpoint (C) and the capacitor bridge arm midpoint (O), udcIs a capacitor C1And a capacitor C2The sum of the voltages across (i.e. the DC side voltage), udc1Is a capacitor C1Voltage of udc2Is a capacitor C2The voltage of (c).
In a preferred embodiment, the common-mode voltage of the inverter is calculated according to the equivalent model obtained in step S2:
VP＝ea-udc2；
wherein VPCommon mode voltage, u, as a topological modeldc2As a capacitance C in an equivalent model2Voltage of eaIs a-phase alternating current.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure, the grid-connected filter inductor is removed, so that the common-mode voltage change rate of the grid-connected inverter is greatly reduced, and the generation of leakage current is effectively inhibited.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology structure provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a simplified model schematic diagram of a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology structure provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is an equivalent schematic diagram of a simplified model in a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of common-mode voltage simulation of the conventional three-phase four-switch in embodiment 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the simulation of the common-mode voltage (leakage current) of the conventional three-phase four-switch in embodiment 2;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of grid-side input current and a-phase voltage (power factor 0.9992) of a conventional three-phase four-switch inverter in embodiment 2;
fig. 7 is a simulation schematic diagram of a common-mode voltage of a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology provided in embodiment 2;
fig. 8 is a simulation schematic diagram of a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology provided in embodiment 2, where the grid-side input current and the a-phase voltage (power factor 0.9984) are input;
fig. 9 is a simulation schematic diagram of a dc-side voltage of a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology provided in embodiment 2.
Fig. 10 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology provided in embodiment 2;
fig. 11 is a simplified model schematic diagram of a conventional three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology provided in embodiment 2;
fig. 12 is a further simplified model schematic diagram of the conventional three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology provided in embodiment 2;
fig. 13 is an equivalent schematic diagram of a simplified model in a topology structure of a conventional three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter provided in embodiment 2.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and are used for illustration only, and should not be construed as limiting the patent. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there are terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "long", "short", etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationships in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limitations of the present patent, and specific meanings of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
The invention provides a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure in a first aspect, and the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure is shown in figure 1 and comprises a direct-current power supply, two energy storage capacitors connected in series at a direct-current side, a distributed capacitor, a full-bridge inverter bridge and N inductors, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2;
the positive electrode of the direct current power supply is connected with an energy storage capacitor C on the upper side of the direct current side1The positive electrode and the full-bridge inverter bridge IGBT collector; the negative pole of the DC power supply is connected with a lower edge energy storage capacitor C of the DC side2Negative electrode, full bridge inverter bridge IGBT emitter or MOSFET source, CpOne end of the photovoltaic panel is connected with an energy storage capacitor C2The negative electrode of (1); the output end of the full-bridge inverter bridge is connected with an inductor L and then is connected with a three-phase electric neutral point, and i is led out from the middle point of two energy storage capacitors connected in seriesaAnd connecting the three-phase electric neutral point, and grounding the three-phase electric neutral point.
In a preferred scheme, all the switching devices of the full-bridge inverter bridge are IGBTs or MOSFETs.
In a preferred scheme, the inverter loop unit comprises IGBT/SbAnd IGBT/ScWherein IGBT/SbComprising IGBTs/Ss connected in seriesb1And IGBT/Sb2Wherein IGBT/ScComprising IGBTs/Ss connected in seriesc1And IGBT/Sc2；IGBT/Sb1Collector and capacitor C1One end of (1), positive electrode electrical connection of DC corona, IGBT/Sb2Emitter and capacitor C2One end of the direct current power supply is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply; IGBT/Sc1Collector and capacitor C1Is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply, IGBT/Sc2Emitter and capacitor C2One end of the direct current power supply is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply; the bases of the four IGBTs are electrically connected with a power supply drive, and the input ends of the inductors are respectively connected with the IGBTs/Ssb1And IGBT/Sb2Middle, IGBT/Sc1And IGBT/Sc2In the meantime.
The second invention provides a common-mode voltage calculation method for a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure, which is applied to the three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure and comprises the following steps:
s1, simplifying a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure, wherein a simplified model is shown in a figure 2;
s2, carrying out equivalence on the simplified model obtained in the step S1, wherein the equivalent topological model is shown in a figure 3;
and S3, calculating the common-mode voltage of the inverter.
In a preferred embodiment, in the simplified model obtained in step S1:
the V isBOIs the voltage between the midpoint of the bridge arm B (B) and the midpoint of the bridge arm capacitor (O), VCOIs the voltage between the C bridge arm midpoint (C) and the capacitor bridge arm midpoint (O), udcIs a capacitor C1And a capacitor C2Sum of voltages at both ends, udc1Is a capacitor C1Voltage of udc2Is a capacitor C2The voltage of (c).
In a preferred embodiment, the common-mode voltage of the inverter is calculated according to the equivalent model obtained in step S2:
VP＝ea-udc2；
wherein VPCommon mode voltage, u, as a topological modeldc2As a capacitance C in an equivalent model2Voltage of eaIs a-phase alternating current.
Example 2
In the embodiment, a simulation experiment is performed by using the three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology structure and the common-mode voltage calculation method thereof provided by the embodiment. The simulation parameters are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
| Voltage on the direct current side | 700V |
| Filter inductor | 1mH |
| Network side resistor | 0.1Ω |
| Capacitor C1,C2 | 2000μF |
| Network side voltage (effective value) | 110V/50HZ |
| Output power | 7KW |
| Switching frequency | 10KHZ |
| Distributed capacitance CP | 10nF |
The three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology structure described in embodiment 1 is used for each parameter described in table 1, and simulation results are shown in fig. 4, 5, and 6.
According to the technical requirement GB/T37408-2019 of the photovoltaic power generation grid-connected inverter, for the inverter with rated output less than or equal to 30KVA, the maximum leakage current is 300mA., and the leakage current of the traditional topology at the moment is far beyond the standard.
The parameters in table 1 are applied to the three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology structure provided by the invention for simulation, and the simulation results are shown in fig. 7, 8 and 9.
The three-phase four-switch inverter has the advantages that the maximum leakage current of the common-mode current of the three-phase four-switch inverter is not more than 1.7mA, and the leakage current is measured by comparing the three-phase four-switch inverter with the traditional three-phase four-switch topology.
The common mode voltage calculation in the conventional topology is also provided for reference comparison in this embodiment.
The common mode voltage calculation flow is as follows:
the conventional three-phase four-switch topology is shown in FIG. 10, and the DC side voltage is udcCapacitor C on the DC side1And C2Is equal to C, C1And C2Has a voltage of udc1＝udc2＝udcThe ABC phase filter inductance value is L, CPTo distribute capacitance, VPThe grid side neutral point is grounded for common mode voltage.
Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a topology structure of a conventional three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter, and a simplified model of the conventional three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter is obtained by simplifying the topology structure of the conventional three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter, as shown in fig. 11;
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the common mode currents generated by the three-phase voltages on the grid side cancel each other out, and fig. 2 is further simplified to fig. 12, in which,
the model of fig. 12 is equivalent to obtain fig. 13, and the common-mode voltage of the inverter is calculated as follows:
where ω is the switching frequency of the inverter, CpThe value for the photovoltaic panel to ground distributed capacitance was taken to be 10 nF. From equation 2, it can be seen that the common mode voltage of the inverter follows VNOChanges in the high frequency switching state of the switch.
Compared with the leakage current measured by the traditional three-phase four-switch topology, the three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology structure provided by the invention has the advantage that the maximum leakage current is not more than 1.7 mA.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
Claims (6)
1. A three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure is characterized by comprising a direct-current power supply, two energy storage capacitors connected in series at a direct-current side, a distributed capacitor, a full-bridge inverter bridge and 2 inductors;
the positive electrode of the direct current power supply is connected with an energy storage capacitor C on the upper side of the direct current side1The positive electrode of the inverter bridge is connected with the full-bridge inverter bridge IGBT collector or the MOSFET drain; the negative pole of the DC power supply is connected with a lower edge energy storage capacitor C of the DC side2Negative electrode, full bridge inverter bridge IGBT emitter or MOSFET source, CpDistributing capacitance to ground for the photovoltaic panel; the output end of the full-bridge inverter bridge is connected with an inductor L and then is connected with a three-phase electric neutral point, and i is led out from the middle point of two energy storage capacitors connected in seriesaAnd connecting the three-phase electric neutral point, and grounding the three-phase electric neutral point.
2. The topology of claim 1, wherein all switching devices of the full bridge inverter bridge are IGBTs or MOSFETs.
3. The topology of claim 2, wherein the inverter circuit unit comprises an IGBT/SbAnd IGBT/ScWherein IGBT/SbComprising IGBTs/Ss connected in seriesb1And IGBT/Sb2Wherein IGBT/ScComprising IGBTs/Ss connected in seriesc1And IGBT/Sc2；IGBT/Sb1Collector and capacitor C1Is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply, IGBT/Sb2Emitter and capacitor C2One end of the direct current power supply is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply; IGBT/Sc1Collector and capacitor C1Is electrically connected to the positive electrode of the DC power supply, IGBT/Sc2Emitter and capacitor C2One end of the direct current power supply is electrically connected with the negative electrode of the direct current power supply; the bases of the four IGBTs are electrically connected with a power supply drive, and the input ends of the inductors are respectively connected with the IGBTs/Ssb1And IGBT/Sb2Middle, IGBT/Sc1And IGBT/Sc2In the meantime.
4. A three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topological structure common-mode voltage calculation method is applied to the topological structure of claim 3, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, simplifying a topological structure of a three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter;
s2, performing equivalence on the simplified model obtained in the step S1;
and S3, calculating the common-mode voltage of the inverter.
5. The method for calculating the common-mode voltage of the three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology structure according to claim 4, wherein in the simplified model obtained in the step S1:
the V isBOIs the voltage between the midpoint of the bridge arm B (B) and the midpoint of the bridge arm capacitor (O), VCOIs the voltage between the C bridge arm midpoint (C) and the capacitor bridge arm midpoint (O), udcIs a capacitor C1And a capacitor C2Sum of voltages at both ends, udc1Is a capacitor C1Voltage of udc2Is a capacitor C2The voltage of (c).
6. The method for calculating the common-mode voltage of the three-phase four-switch grid-connected inverter topology structure according to claim 4, wherein the common-mode voltage of the inverter is calculated according to the equivalent model obtained in the step S2:
VP＝ea-udc2；
wherein VPCommon mode voltage, u, as a topological modeldc2As a capacitance C in an equivalent model2Voltage of eaIs a-phase alternating current.
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| CN105375528A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-03-02 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Assessment method of single-phase non-isolation photovoltaic grid connected system for parasitic capacitance to ground |
| CN106208643A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-12-07 | 西安电子科技大学 | Based on the common mode current suppressing method under the non-equal illumination of photovoltaic combining inverter |
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| CN104022669A (en) * | 2014-06-26 | 2014-09-03 | 大连海事大学 | Neutral point clamp photovoltaic inverter and modulation method thereof |
| CN104539220A (en) * | 2015-01-16 | 2015-04-22 | 浙江大学 | Self-adaptation pulse width modulation method for three-phase four-switch inverter |
| CN105119536A (en) * | 2015-08-25 | 2015-12-02 | 上海交通大学 | Low-cost motor drive topology and control method thereof |
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