CN110648478A - Drowning detection system and method based on wireless communication - Google Patents

Drowning detection system and method based on wireless communication Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110648478A
CN110648478A CN201911089487.4A CN201911089487A CN110648478A CN 110648478 A CN110648478 A CN 110648478A CN 201911089487 A CN201911089487 A CN 201911089487A CN 110648478 A CN110648478 A CN 110648478A
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drowning
base station
alarm
wearer
mcu
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CN110648478B (en
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纪刚
臧强
李彦
吴庭永
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Qingdao Powerise Technology Co Ltd
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Qingdao Powerise Technology Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/04—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to non-activity, e.g. of elderly persons
    • G08B21/0438—Sensor means for detecting
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/08—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to the presence of persons in a body of water, e.g. a swimming pool; responsive to an abnormal condition of a body of water
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
    • G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
    • G08B21/08—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to the presence of persons in a body of water, e.g. a swimming pool; responsive to an abnormal condition of a body of water
    • G08B21/088—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to the presence of persons in a body of water, e.g. a swimming pool; responsive to an abnormal condition of a body of water by monitoring a device worn by the person, e.g. a bracelet attached to the swimmer
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G08—SIGNALLING
    • G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
    • G08B5/00—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied
    • G08B5/22—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission
    • G08B5/36—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources
    • G08B5/38—Visible signalling systems, e.g. personal calling systems, remote indication of seats occupied using electric transmission; using electromagnetic transmission using visible light sources using flashing light
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/38—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for collecting sensor information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/80—Services using short range communication, e.g. near-field communication [NFC], radio-frequency identification [RFID] or low energy communication
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/90—Services for handling of emergency or hazardous situations, e.g. earthquake and tsunami warning systems [ETWS]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication monitoring and early warning equipment, and relates to a drowning detection system and a drowning detection method based on wireless communication; the drowning detection method based on wireless communication adopts a drowning detection system based on wireless communication to detect the drowning state of a swimmer, the drowning detection system based on wireless communication comprises an alarm base station and a drowning detection bracelet, and the alarm base station is connected with the drowning detection bracelet through a wireless communication module; the detection method comprises the following steps: the drowning detection bracelet detects the swimming state of a wearer in real time, and when the wearer is in the drowning state, the drowning detection bracelet sends alarm information; the alarm base station receives alarm information in real time and gives an alarm to a security officer; receiving the alarm information by a security officer to carry out emergency rescue; the method has the advantages of reasonable and complete steps, simple system structure, low cost, low energy consumption and high real-time transmission efficiency, can monitor each swimmer in real time, gives an alarm in time when a dangerous condition occurs, and effectively ensures the life safety of the swimmers.

Description

Drowning detection system and method based on wireless communication
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication monitoring and early warning equipment, relates to equipment and a method for monitoring swimming personnel in real time and early warning dangerous conditions in time by utilizing a wireless technology, and particularly relates to a drowning detection system and a drowning detection method based on wireless communication.
Background art:
the Bluetooth 5.0 module is a PCBA board integrating Bluetooth 5.0 functions and is used for short-distance wireless communication, and Bluetooth 5.0 modules such as MS88SF2, MS50SFA, MS50SFB and the like can be embedded into household equipment, wearable equipment, consumer electronics, medical equipment, security equipment, automobile equipment, sports fitness equipment, remote control and the like; the Bluetooth 5.0 improves the transmission speed, the distance and the broadcast data volume by 2 times, 4 times and 8 times respectively on the basis of the Bluetooth 4.2, the effective working distance of the Bluetooth 5.0 can reach 300 meters, the transmission distance can be comparable to Wi-Fi, the power consumption is low, and the endurance time is longer; this makes bluetooth 5.0 module based on bluetooth 5.0 standard all have overall improvement in all aspects's performance.
ZigBee is a novel wireless communication technology, and is suitable for a series of electronic component devices with short transmission range and low data transmission rate; the ZigBee wireless communication technology can achieve mutual coordination communication among thousands of tiny sensors by depending on special radio standards, so the technology is often called Home RF Lite wireless technology and FireFly wireless technology; the ZigBee wireless communication technology can also be applied to the fields of control, automation and the like based on wireless communication in a small range, can save wired cables among computer equipment and a series of digital equipment, and can further realize wireless networking among various different digital equipment to realize mutual communication or access the Internet.
In the prior art, chinese patent with publication number CN107566797A discloses a drowning monitoring and detecting device for swimming pool, which mainly comprises: computer processing unit, camera, polarizer, attitude detector, calling set and LED watch-dog etc. its main process steps are: starting a detection system, monitoring and target matching, foreground detection and target tracking, target tracking and positioning, drowning judgment and drowning alarm; the device can process the information shot by the cameras in time and send out drowning alarm, is provided with a plurality of cameras, servers and the like, and has high equipment cost and large power consumption; the Chinese patent with the publication number of CN109102678A discloses a drowning behavior detection method integrating UWB indoor positioning and video target detection and tracking technology, and relates to equipment comprising an intelligent bracelet module, an intelligent monitoring information processing module, a communication module and a display alarm module, wherein the intelligent bracelet module is used for carrying out indoor positioning, and the intelligent monitoring information processing module is used for processing video data acquired by an intelligent monitoring camera, positioning information and water depth information of an intelligent bracelet; the communication module is used for realizing information transmission among the intelligent bracelet module, the intelligent monitoring information processing module and the display alarm module, and the specific detection steps of the invention are carried out according to the following modes: initializing a system: establish the relation of intelligent surveillance camera head image, intelligent bracelet module location and swimming pool coordinate system, setting for carrying out drowned condition, carry out drowned judgement through drowned detection algorithm, the device is the same need install many cameras, and equipment fixing cost is high to information transmission speed remains to be improved.
In a word, the existing swimming pool monitoring and detecting device has the problems of high manufacturing cost, high maintenance cost, large equipment power consumption and the like; with the development of wireless communication technology, the information transmission rate of the existing equipment cannot keep pace with the development of the times, and the life safety of swimmers in the speed relation of data transmission is improved, so that the performance of the equipment is improved, and the equipment has important significance for protecting swimmers in a swimming pool.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing equipment and designs a drowning detection system and method based on wireless communication. The method does not need to use a plurality of cameras, only needs the drowning detection bracelet and the alarm communication base station, and overcomes the defects of high cost and large power consumption of the existing drowning monitoring system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention relates to a drowning detection method based on wireless communication, which is used for detecting the drowning state of a swimmer by using a drowning detection system based on wireless communication.
The drowning detection method based on wireless communication comprises the following specific process steps:
drowning detects bracelet real-time detection wearer's swimming state, (one), acquires wearer's acceleration data, confirms that the wearer is in quiescent condition or motion state through the acceleration data analysis based on accelerometer action recognition algorithm: if the wearer is in a static state, further analyzing the water depth value of the position, and when the water depth value is larger than the safe water depth range value of the wearer, further analyzing whether the heart rate is normal or not, and if the heart rate is abnormal, judging that the wearer is drowned; if the wearer is in a motion state, further judging whether the wearer is in a normal swimming state or a drowning state according to an accelerometer-based behavior recognition algorithm; when the drowning detection bracelet judges that the wearer is in a drowning state, the drowning detection bracelet sends alarm information to the alarm base station through a wireless communication technology;
(II) the alarm base station receives alarm information of the drowning detection bracelet in real time, analyzes the received alarm information, and displays the analyzed information to alarm a security officer;
and (III) receiving alarm information from a computer end or a handheld mobile communication end by a security officer, verifying whether a drowning detection bracelet wearer has a drowning danger or not by the security officer, and carrying out emergency rescue if the drowning detection bracelet wearer has the drowning danger.
Further: the wireless communication module adopts a ZigBee module based on a ZigBee communication technology or a Bluetooth module based on a Bluetooth 5.0 communication technology; the drowning detection method based on ZigBee/Bluetooth communication is implemented by matching with a drowning detection system based on ZigBee/Bluetooth communication, and the specific process steps are as follows:
the drowning detection bracelet detects the swimming state of a wearer in real time, and when the drowning detection bracelet judges that the wearer is in the drowning state, alarm information is sent to an alarm base station through a ZigBee/Bluetooth communication technology; the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the drowning detection bracelet is arranged on the arm of a wearer, the drowning detection bracelet acquires human body movement data through an accelerometer, and the current behavior of the wearer is analyzed to be in a static or moving state through an accelerometer-based behavior recognition algorithm according to the measurement data of the accelerometer;
(2) if the drowning detection bracelet judges that the wearer is in a motion state at present, the wearer is further judged to be in a normal swimming state or a drowning state according to an accelerometer-based behavior recognition algorithm; if the wearer is in a drowning state, the drowning detection bracelet sends alarm information to an alarm base station through the ZigBee/Bluetooth module, and an LED alarm lamp of the drowning detection bracelet carries out flash frequency alarm;
(3) if the drowning detection bracelet judges that the wearer is in a static state at present, the drowning detection bracelet acquires water depth data through a water depth sensor, compares a water depth data value with a set safe water depth threshold value of the wearer, if the water depth is greater than the threshold value, the water depth of the wearer is abnormal, the drowning detection bracelet further acquires a heart rate value through a heart rate measurement sensor, judges whether the current heart rate value of the wearer is normal or not, and judges that the wearer is in a drowning state when the heart rate value is abnormal; if the wearer is in a drowning state, the drowning detection bracelet sends alarm information to an alarm base station through the ZigBee/Bluetooth module, and an LED alarm lamp of the drowning detection bracelet carries out flash frequency alarm; otherwise, continuously reading the accelerometer data;
(II) the alarm base station receives alarm information of the drowning detection bracelet in real time, analyzes the received alarm information and displays the analyzed information; the specific process is as follows:
(1) after the alarm base station is started to work, hardware initialization is carried out;
(2) the alarm base station waits for receiving bracelet alarm information in real time;
(3) if the alarm base station receives the drowning bracelet alarm information, analyzing the information content;
(4) after the alarm base station completes the analysis of the information, displaying the analyzed information on a LCD display screen of the base station of the alarm base station to display a bracelet ID for sending an alarm;
(5) the alarm base station sends alarm information to a security officer through a network;
and (III) receiving alarm information from a computer end or a handheld mobile communication end by a security officer, verifying whether a drowning detection bracelet wearer has a drowning danger or not by the security officer, and carrying out emergency rescue if the drowning detection bracelet wearer has the drowning danger.
The drowning detection bracelet based on ZigBee/Bluetooth communication comprises a main body structure, a main body structure and a detection module, wherein the main body structure comprises an MCU, a ZigBee/Bluetooth module, an accelerometer, a heart rate measuring sensor, a water depth sensor, a flash memory, an LED alarm lamp, an LCD display screen and a lithium battery; the MCU is used as a microprocessor for acquiring the heart rate, blood pressure and motion state of the wearer, processing and analyzing the acquired information, and giving an alarm in time when the abnormality exists in the data analysis result; the ZigBee/Bluetooth module is used for the MCU to communicate with the base station and send alarm information and measurement data; the ZigBee/Bluetooth module is connected with the MCU through the UART module and carries out information transmission; the accelerometer is used for measuring the motion state of the wearer and transmitting the motion state to the MCU, and the MCU further analyzes whether the swimmer drowns; the accelerometer is connected with the MCU through the UART module and carries out information transmission; the heart rate measuring sensor is used for measuring the heart rate of a wearer and transmitting the detected heart rate to the MCU, the detected heart rate is used for assisting in judging whether the wearer drowns, and when the heart rate is detected to be in a static state, the drowning person is possibly in the late stage of drowning; the heart rate measuring sensor is connected with the MCU through the IIC module and carries out information transmission; the water depth sensor is used for measuring the current water depth of the wearer and transmitting the detected water depth value to the MCU, and the MCU judges whether the wearer is drowned through the assistance of the water depth value; the water depth sensor is connected with the MCU through the IIC module and carries out information transmission; the flash memory is used for storing basic information of a drowning detection bracelet wearer and measurement data of the accelerometer; the flash memory is connected with the MCU through the SPI module and carries out information transmission; the LED alarm lamp is used for carrying out flash frequency alarm under the control of the MCU to prompt security personnel that a suspected drowning condition of a wearer exists; the LED alarm lamp is connected with the MCU through the GPIO module and performs information transmission; the LCD display screen is used for displaying the current time, receiving and displaying the heart rate/blood pressure value measured by the MCU; the LCD display screen is connected with the MCU through the IIC module and carries out information transmission; the lithium cell is used for detecting bracelet output electric energy, lithium cell and MCU electric connection to drowning.
The drowning detection bracelet can be provided with an RFID module, and the RFID module is used for registering and opening a cabinet for storing personal articles arranged in a swimming pool place; the drowning detection bracelet or the removable bracelet is attached to swimming goggles and a swimming cap.
The specific working process of the drowning detection bracelet comprises the following steps:
(1) open drowned detection bracelet:
wearing the drowning detection bracelet on the arm of a wearer, and opening the drowning detection bracelet;
(2) reading accelerometer measurement data:
the accelerometer measures the motion state of the wearer and transmits the motion state to the MCU, and the MCU analyzes the current behavior of the wearer to be in a static state or a motion state through an accelerometer-based behavior recognition algorithm according to the measurement data based on the accelerometer;
(3) drowning analysis of the motion state:
if the MCU judges that the wearer is in a motion state at present, the current behavior is further analyzed and judged to be normal swimming or drowning behavior according to the accelerometer-based behavior recognition algorithm; if the wearer is in a drowning state, the MCU sends alarm information to a drowning alarm base station through the ZigBee/Bluetooth module, and simultaneously the MCU controls the LED alarm lamp to carry out flash frequency alarm;
(4) drowning analysis in a static state:
if the MCU judges that the wearer is in a static state at present, the MCU acquires a water depth data value through a water depth sensor and compares the water depth data value with a set safe water depth threshold value of the wearer, and the threshold value is set according to the height of the wearer and the safe water depth value of the wearer from the water surface;
if the water depth data value is smaller than the threshold value, the wearer is in a safe static state; if the water depth data value is larger than the threshold value, the MCU further acquires a heart rate value through the heart rate measuring sensor, whether the current heart rate value of the wearer is in a drowning state is judged, and when the detected heart rate value is not in a normal heart rate range (60-100 times/minute), the wearer is in the drowning state;
if the MCU judges that the wearer is in a drowning state through the heart rate value, the MCU sends alarm information to a drowning alarm base station through the ZigBee/Bluetooth module, and simultaneously the MCU controls an LED alarm lamp to alarm in a flashing frequency mode; otherwise, the MCU continues to read the data of the accelerometer.
The drowning alarm base station based on ZigBee/Bluetooth comprises a base station MCU, a base station ZigBee/Bluetooth module, a wifi/Ethernet module, a base station LCD display screen, a base station flash memory, an SIM card and a direct current power supply; the base station MCU is used for acquiring information transmitted by the drowning detection bracelet through the base station ZigBee/Bluetooth module, controlling the base station LCD display screen to display alarm information, sending the alarm information to a security officer, and storing the acquired information in the base station flash memory; the base station ZigBee/Bluetooth module is used for communicating with the drowning detection bracelet and transmitting information acquired from the drowning detection bracelet to the base station MCU; the base station ZigBee/Bluetooth module is connected with the base station MCU through the UART module and carries out information transmission; the wifi/Ethernet module is used for assisting the base station MCU to send alarm information to a security officer; the wifi/Ethernet module is connected with the base station MCU through the SPI module and carries out information transmission; the base station LCD display screen is used for displaying alarm information sent by the base station MCU; the base station LCD display screen is connected with the base station MCU through the IIC module and carries out information transmission; the base station flash memory is used for storing basic information of the drowning alarm base station and measurement data of the bracelet accelerometer; the base station flash memory is connected with the base station MCU through the SPI module and carries out information transmission; the SIM card is used for sending alarm information to safety patrolmen through the SIM card when the swimming pool is indoors without wifi/Ethernet; the SIM card is connected with the base station MCU through the UART module and carries out information transmission; the direct current power supply is used for providing electric energy for the drowning alarm base station and is electrically connected with the base station MCU.
The drowning alarm base station based on ZigBee/Bluetooth has the following specific working procedures:
(1) open drowned warning basic station, drowned warning basic station carries out hardware initialization: configuring hardware using UART, IIC, SPI bus, wifi/Ethernet and ZigBee/Bluetooth module in the equipment for use;
(2) receiving bracelet alarm information: after receiving the information transmitted by the drowning detection bracelet in embodiment 3, the ZigBee/Bluetooth module of the base station transmits the information to the base station MCU;
(3) analyzing the information content: after the base station MCU acquires the drowning detection bracelet alarm information, analyzing the information content;
(4) the LCD displays the alarm content: after the base station MCU completes the information analysis, the base station MCU displays the analyzed information on a LCD display screen of the base station to display a bracelet ID for sending an alarm;
(5) sending alarm information to a security officer: after the information analysis is completed by the base station MCU, alarm information is sent to a security officer through the wifi/Ethernet module, the security officer receives the alarm information from a computer end or a handheld mobile communication end, the security officer verifies whether a drowning detection bracelet wearer has a drowning danger or not, and if yes, emergency rescue is carried out;
(6) the base station continuously operates: after alarm information handles, alarm information is transferred by basic station MCU and is saved to basic station flash accumulator, and drowned warning basic station lasts the operation, receives the alarm information by drowning detection bracelet transmission in real time.
Compared with the prior art, the designed drowning detection system based on ZigBee/Bluetooth communication has the advantages of reasonable and complete process steps, scientificity and practicability, no need of using equipment such as a camera and the like, simple overall system structure, low cost, low energy consumption and high real-time transmission efficiency, can monitor each swimmer in real time, and can give an alarm in time when a dangerous condition occurs, thereby effectively ensuring the life safety of the swimmers.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a process flow diagram of a drowning detection method based on ZigBee/bluetooth communication according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the structural principle of the drowning detection bracelet according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a specific process flow of the operation of the drowning detection bracelet according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic block diagram of the structural principle of the alarm base station according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic block diagram of a specific process flow of the operation of the alarm base station related to the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the accelerometer measurement data windowing process according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of static accelerometer measurements according to the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph showing the mean and standard deviations in a stationary state according to the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of free swimming accelerometer measurement data according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 shows the mean and standard deviation plots for the freestyle states according to the present invention.
Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of acceleration measurement data in an initial stage of simulated drowning according to the present invention.
Fig. 12 shows the mean and standard deviation of the simulated drowning initial stage according to the present invention.
Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of accelerometer measurements in a simulated drowning struggling stage according to the present invention.
Fig. 14 shows the mean and standard deviation of the simulated drowning struggling stage according to the present invention.
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a decision tree action recognition process according to the present invention.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1:
the embodiment relates to a drowning detection method based on wireless communication, drowning detection method based on wireless communication uses drowning detection system based on wireless communication to detect the drowning state of the swimmer, and the drowning detection system based on wireless communication includes an alarm base station and a drowning detection bracelet, and the alarm base station and the drowning detection bracelet are connected and information transfer through a wireless communication module, preferably: the wireless communication module adopts a ZigBee module based on a ZigBee communication technology or a Bluetooth module based on a Bluetooth 5.0 communication technology.
The drowning detection method based on wireless communication comprises the following specific process steps:
drowning detects bracelet real-time detection wearer's swimming state, (one), acquires wearer's acceleration data, confirms that the wearer is in quiescent condition or motion state through the acceleration data analysis based on accelerometer action recognition algorithm: if the wearer is in a static state, further analyzing the water depth value of the position, and when the water depth value is larger than the safe water depth range value of the wearer, further analyzing whether the heart rate is normal or not, and if the heart rate is abnormal, judging that the wearer is drowned; if the wearer is in a motion state, further judging whether the wearer is in a normal swimming state or a drowning state based on an accelerometer behavior recognition algorithm; when the drowning detection bracelet judges that the wearer is in a drowning state, the drowning detection bracelet sends alarm information to the alarm base station through a wireless communication technology;
(II) the alarm base station receives alarm information of the drowning detection bracelet in real time, analyzes the received alarm information, and displays the analyzed information to alarm a security officer;
and (III) receiving alarm information from a computer end or a handheld mobile communication end by a security officer, verifying whether a drowning detection bracelet wearer has a drowning danger or not by the security officer, and carrying out emergency rescue if the drowning detection bracelet wearer has the drowning danger.
Example 2:
a drowning detection method based on ZigBee/Bluetooth communication is implemented by matching with a drowning detection system based on ZigBee/Bluetooth communication, and the method comprises the following specific process steps:
the drowning detection bracelet detects the swimming state of a wearer in real time, and when the drowning detection bracelet judges that the wearer is in the drowning state, alarm information is sent to an alarm base station through a ZigBee/Bluetooth communication technology; the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the drowning detection bracelet is arranged on the arm of a wearer, the drowning detection bracelet acquires human body movement data through the accelerometer 3, and the current behavior of the wearer is analyzed to be in a static or moving state according to the measurement data of the accelerometer 3;
(2) if the drowning detection bracelet judges that the wearer is in a motion state at present, further judging whether the wearer is in a normal swimming state or a drowning state based on an accelerometer behavior recognition algorithm; if the wearer is in a drowning state, the drowning detection bracelet sends alarm information to the alarm base station through the ZigBee/Bluetooth module 2, and an LED alarm lamp 7 of the drowning detection bracelet carries out flash frequency alarm;
(3) if the drowning detection bracelet judges that the wearer is in a static state at present, the drowning detection bracelet acquires water depth data through the water depth sensor 5, compares a water depth data value with a set safe water depth threshold value of the wearer, if the water depth is greater than the threshold value, the water depth of the wearer is abnormal, the drowning detection bracelet further acquires a heart rate value through the heart rate measurement sensor 4, judges whether the current heart rate value of the wearer is normal, and judges that the wearer is in a drowning state when the heart rate value is abnormal; if the wearer is in a drowning state, the drowning detection bracelet sends alarm information to the alarm base station through the ZigBee/Bluetooth module 2, and an LED alarm lamp 7 of the drowning detection bracelet carries out flash frequency alarm; otherwise, continuously reading the accelerometer data;
(II) the alarm base station receives alarm information of the drowning detection bracelet in real time, analyzes the received alarm information and displays the analyzed information; the specific process is as follows:
(1) after the alarm base station is started to work, hardware initialization is carried out;
(2) the alarm base station waits for receiving bracelet alarm information in real time;
(3) if the alarm base station receives the drowning bracelet alarm information, analyzing the information content;
(4) after the alarm base station completes the analysis of the information, displaying the analyzed information on a base station LCD display screen 13 of the alarm base station to display a bracelet ID for sending an alarm;
(5) the alarm base station sends alarm information to a security officer through a network;
and (III) receiving alarm information from a computer end or a handheld mobile communication end by a security officer, verifying whether a drowning detection bracelet wearer has a drowning danger or not by the security officer, and carrying out emergency rescue if the drowning detection bracelet wearer has the drowning danger.
Example 3:
a drowning detection bracelet based on ZigBee/Bluetooth communication is shown in figure 2, and the main structure of the drowning detection bracelet comprises an MCU1, a ZigBee/Bluetooth module 2, an accelerometer 3, a heart rate measuring sensor 4, a water depth sensor 5, a flash memory 6, an LED alarm lamp 7, an LCD display screen 8 and a lithium battery 9; wherein
The MCU1 is used as a microprocessor for acquiring the heart rate, blood pressure and motion state of the wearer, processing and analyzing the acquired information, and giving an alarm in time when the data analysis result is that the wearer is abnormal; the MCU1 is installed and operated with a program designed by Qingdao joint Intelligent-creating science and technology Limited;
the ZigBee/Bluetooth module 2 is used for the MCU1 to communicate with the base station and send alarm information and measurement data; the ZigBee/Bluetooth module 2 is connected with the MCU1 through a UART module (UART is fully called as a universal asynchronous receiver transmitter) and carries out information transmission;
the accelerometer 3 is used for measuring the motion state of the wearer and transmitting the motion state to the MCU1, and the MCU1 further analyzes whether the swimmer drowns; the accelerometer 3 is connected with the MCU1 through a UART module and carries out information transmission;
the heart rate measuring sensor 4 is used for measuring the heart rate of the wearer and transmitting the detected heart rate to the MCU1, the detected heart rate is used for assisting in judging whether the wearer drowns, and when the heart rate is detected to be in a static state, the drowning person is possibly in the late stage of drowning; the heart rate measuring sensor 4 is connected with the MCU1 through the IIC module and carries out information transmission; (IIC is a bus structure, also known as I2C serial bus, typically having two signal lines, one for a bi-directional data line SDA and the other for a clock line SCL.)
The water depth sensor 5 is used for measuring the current water depth of the wearer and transmitting the detected water depth value to the MCU1, and the MCU1 is used for assisting in judging whether the wearer is drowned or not through the water depth value; the water depth sensor 5 is connected with the MCU1 through the IIC module and carries out information transmission;
the flash memory 6 is used for storing basic information of a drowning detection bracelet wearer and measurement data of the accelerometer 3; the flash memory 6 is connected with the MCU1 through an SPI module and carries out information transmission (the flash memory 6 belongs to one type of memory devices, is a nonvolatile memory and can also keep data for a long time under the condition of no current supply; SPI is an abbreviation of a serial peripheral interface, is a high-speed, full-duplex and synchronous communication bus, and only occupies four wires on pins of a chip, so that the pins of the chip are saved.);
the LED alarm lamp 7 is used for carrying out flash frequency alarm under the control of the MCU1 to prompt security personnel that a suspected drowning condition of a wearer exists; the LED alarm lamp 7 is connected with the MCU1 through the GPIO module and performs information transmission; (GPIO is short for general purpose input/output, and functions like 8051P 0-P3, the pin of which can be freely used by user through program control.)
The LCD display screen 8 is used for displaying the current time, receiving and displaying the heart rate/blood pressure value measured by the MCU 1; the LCD display screen 8 is connected with the MCU1 through the IIC module and carries out information transmission;
lithium cell 9 is used for detecting bracelet output electric energy to drowning, lithium cell 9 and MCU1 electric connection.
The drowning detection bracelet may be provided with an RFID module (RFID, i.e., radio frequency identification technology) for registering and opening a cabinet for storing personal items provided in a swimming pool place.
As shown in fig. 3, the concrete work flow of drowning detection bracelet that this embodiment relates to is:
(1) open drowned detection bracelet:
wearing the drowning detection bracelet on the arm of a wearer, and opening the drowning detection bracelet;
(2) reading accelerometer measurement data:
the accelerometer 3 measures the motion state of the wearer and transmits the motion state to the MCU1, and the MCU1 analyzes the current behavior of the wearer to be in a static state or a motion state according to the accelerometer-based behavior recognition algorithm according to the measurement data based on the accelerometer 3;
(3) drowning analysis of the motion state:
if the MCU1 judges that the wearer is currently in a motion state, the current behavior is further analyzed and judged to be normal swimming or drowning behavior according to the accelerometer-based behavior recognition algorithm; if the wearer is in a drowning state, the MCU1 sends alarm information to a drowning alarm base station through the ZigBee/Bluetooth module 2, and meanwhile, the MCU1 controls the LED alarm lamp 7 to alarm in a flashing frequency mode;
(4) drowning analysis in a static state:
if the MCU1 judges that the wearer is in a static state at present, the MCU1 acquires a water depth data value through the water depth sensor 5, compares the water depth data value with a set safe water depth threshold value of the wearer, and sets the threshold value according to the height of the wearer and the safe water depth value of the wearer from the water surface;
if the water depth data value is smaller than the threshold value, the wearer is in a safe static state; if the water depth data value is larger than the threshold value, the MCU1 further acquires a heart rate value through the heart rate measuring sensor 4, judges whether the current heart rate value of the wearer is in a drowning state, and if the detected heart rate value is not in a normal heart rate range (60-100 times/minute), the wearer is in the drowning state;
if the MCU1 judges that the wearer is in a drowning state through the heart rate value, the MCU1 sends alarm information to a drowning alarm base station through the ZigBee/Bluetooth module 2, and meanwhile, the MCU1 controls the LED alarm lamp 7 to alarm in a flashing frequency mode; otherwise the MCU1 continues to read the accelerometer 3 data.
Example 4:
a drowning alarm base station based on ZigBee/Bluetooth is disclosed, as shown in figure 4, the main structure of the drowning alarm base station comprises a base station MCU10, a base station ZigBee/Bluetooth module 11, a wifi/Ethernet module 12, a base station LCD display screen 13, a base station flash memory 14, an SIM card 15 and a DC power supply 16; wherein
The base station MCU10 is used for acquiring information transmitted by the drowning detection bracelet through the base station ZigBee/Bluetooth module 11, controlling the base station LCD display screen 13 to display alarm information, sending the alarm information to a security officer, and storing the acquired information in the base station flash memory 14; the base station MCU10 is installed and operated with a program designed by Qingdao joint Intelligent-creating science and technology Limited;
the base station ZigBee/Bluetooth module 11 is used for communicating with the drowning detection bracelet and transmitting information acquired from the drowning detection bracelet to the base station MCU 10; the ZigBee/Bluetooth module 11 of the base station is connected with the MCU10 of the base station through a UART module (UART is called as universal asynchronous receiver transmitter) and carries out information transmission;
the wifi/ethernet module 12 is used for assisting the base station MCU10 to send alarm information to a security officer; the wifi/ethernet module 12 is connected to the base station MCU10 through the SPI module and performs information transmission (SPI is an abbreviation of serial peripheral interface, and is a high-speed, full-duplex, synchronous communication bus, and only four wires are occupied on the pins of the chip, which saves the pins of the chip);
the base station LCD display screen 13 is used for displaying alarm information sent by the base station MCU 10; the base station LCD display 13 is connected to the base station MCU10 through an IIC module and performs information transmission (IIC is a bus structure, also called as I2C serial bus, and generally has two signal lines, one is a bidirectional data line SDA and the other is a clock line SCL.);
the base station flash memory 14 is used for storing basic information of the drowning alarm base station and measurement data of the bracelet accelerometer; the base station flash memory 14 is connected with the base station MCU10 through the SPI module and performs information transmission (the base station flash memory 14 is a non-volatile memory, which is one of memory devices and can hold data for a long time without current supply);
the SIM card 15 is used for sending alarm information to safety patrol personnel through the SIM card when the swimming pool is indoors without wifi/Ethernet; the SIM card 15 is connected with the base station MCU10 through a UART module and carries out information transmission;
the direct current power supply 16 is used for providing electric energy for the drowning alarm base station, and the direct current power supply 16 is electrically connected with the base station MCU 10.
As shown in fig. 5, the specific working flow of the drowning alarm base station based on ZigBee/bluetooth according to this embodiment is as follows:
(1) starting a drowning alarm base station, and initializing hardware of the drowning alarm base station;
configuring hardware using UART, IIC, SPI bus, wifi/Ethernet and ZigBee/Bluetooth module in the equipment for use;
(2) receiving bracelet alarm information;
after receiving the information transmitted by the drowning detection bracelet in embodiment 3, the ZigBee/bluetooth module 11 in the base station transmits the information to the MCU10 in the base station;
(3) analyzing the information content:
after the base station MCU10 acquires the drowning detection bracelet alarm information, analyzing the information content;
(4) the LCD displays the alarm content:
after the base station MCU10 completes the information analysis, the base station MCU10 displays the analyzed information on the LCD display screen 13 of the base station to display the bracelet ID for sending alarm;
(5) sending alarm information to a security officer:
after the information is analyzed and completed by the base station MCU10, alarm information is sent to a security officer through the wifi/Ethernet module 12, the security officer receives alarm information from a computer end or a handheld mobile communication end, the security officer verifies whether a drowning detection bracelet wearer has a drowning danger or not, and if yes, emergency rescue is carried out;
(6) the base station continuously operates:
after alarm information handles, alarm information is transstored to basic station flash accumulator 14 by basic station MCU10, and drowned warning basic station lasts the operation, receives the alarm information by drowning detection bracelet transmission in real time.
Example 5:
embodiments 1-3 relate to a method for identifying drowning behavior based on an accelerometer, which comprises the following steps:
s1 preprocessing accelerometer acquisition data
The accelerometer is used for measuring the motion acceleration and the gravity acceleration signals of a human body, but the measurement data of the accelerometer comprises various interference signals and noise signals, the interference and the noise can bring a lot of negative effects on drowning behavior identification, and the data measured by the accelerometer needs to be subjected to preprocessing operations such as noise filtering, smoothing, windowing and the like;
a) noise filtering and smoothing
The frequency band range of the human motion acceleration signals is mainly concentrated on 0-15Hz, the noise in the data is mainly concentrated on more than 15Hz, and a Chebyshev low-pass filter is used for filtering the data;
based on real-time and processing power considerations, an I-order chebyshev low-pass filter is chosen, designed as follows,
the index in the filter design includes G0,GB,Δf,T,fs,fpIn which G is0For reference gain, GBFor bandwidth gain,. DELTA.f for bandwidth, fsTo sample frequency, fsIs the passband cut-off frequency, fpFor the stop band cut-off frequency, the conversion to the digital domain formula is:
ω＝2πfT (1)
in this embodiment, the sampling frequency is set to 50Hz, the stop band cut-off frequency is set to 30Hz, and the digital domain pass band cut-off frequency ω is set top2 pi × 15 × 0.02 pi, and stop band cutoff frequency ωp＝2π×25×0.02＝π；
The filter is pre-distorted by the formula,
Figure BDA0002266431190000131
in the formula, omega is analog frequency, omega is digital frequency, and T is sampling period;
attenuation a in a known stop bands(in dB), the order of the chebyshev filter is obtained,
Figure BDA0002266431190000132
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
Figure BDA0002266431190000133
λsfor the normalization rate, the expression is,
Figure BDA0002266431190000134
the passband allows a ripple of 0.2d B, the stopband internal attenuation is at least 40d B, and is calculated using equations (3) - (5), k is 460.6131, λs11.5481, the order N of the Chebyshev low-pass filter is 3;
calculating the normalized pole p of the Chebyshev low-pass filter according to the formulak,k＝1,2:N，
Figure BDA0002266431190000135
The transfer function of the chebyshev low-pass filter can be obtained,
Figure BDA0002266431190000136
the transfer function of the system is denormalized to obtain,
Figure BDA0002266431190000138
can be obtained by the following equations (6) to (8),
Figure BDA0002266431190000137
a bi-linear transformation is used and,
Figure BDA0002266431190000141
obtaining a discretized Chebyshev low-pass filter system function,
filtering the data sampled by the accelerometer by using the filter system function obtained by the calculation for further analysis;
b) data windowing
Acceleration data obtained by direct measurement is presented in a data stream form in a time domain, so that the acceleration data is not suitable for direct feature extraction, and window adding pretreatment is required before feature extraction is carried out on an acceleration signal; in the measurement, the data acquisition frequency of the accelerometer is 50Hz, the sampling window is set to be 256 points, the adjacent windows are overlapped by 50%, and FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the windowing processing of the accelerometer measurement data;
s2, behavior feature extraction
Because the waveform of the acceleration measurement cannot be directly used for judging the motion state of the human body and cannot be directly identified by the classifier, the characteristic extraction is carried out on the accelerometer measurement data after windowing, and the standard deviation, the mean value, the peak interval and the peak and trough are selected to form a characteristic set in the embodiment;
a) mean value
Is the simplest statistical characteristic for representing the human motion behavior, the calculation formula is as follows,
Figure BDA0002266431190000143
in the formula, XiIs measured data, n is the window length, mu represents the mean value of the reorganized data;
b) standard deviation of
Reflecting the discrete degree of the accelerometer signals, the static behavior and the dynamic behavior can be distinguished, and the calculation formula is as follows,
Figure BDA0002266431190000144
c) peak to peak spacing
In the ordinary swimming and drowning state recognition, the swing frequency of the arm is an important characteristic, the swing frequency of the arm can be measured by using the wave crest interval, the calculation formula is as follows,
ΔT＝|T2-T1| (14)
in the formula, T1Indicating the time of occurrence of the previous peak, T2Representing the time of occurrence of the latter peak;
d) wave crest and trough
The wave peak and wave valley value can represent the energy of the human body during movement and can be used for analyzing drowning behavior;
s3 action recognition based on decision tree
The characteristic set obtained by behavior characteristic extraction is used for designing attributes of internal nodes in a decision tree, the calculation amount of a decision tree classification algorithm is relatively small, the model is simple, but the identification precision is high, the decision tree classification method adopts a top-down recursion mode, the attributes of the nodes are compared internally, a top-down path is obtained according to the difference of the attributes, and classification is obtained at leaf nodes;
a decision tree is constructed using the ID3 algorithm, where S is a training sample set that includes samples of n classes, each with C1,C2,…CnExpressed, then the entropy (entropy) of S is expressed as:
wherein p isiRepresenting the probability of Ci appearing in the whole training tuple, and taking the number of the elements belonging to the class divided by the total number of the elements in the training set as an estimation, wherein the actual meaning of the entropy is represented as the average information quantity required by the class label of the tuple in the S;
the training tuples S are divided according to the attribute a, so the expected information of a to S is,
Figure BDA0002266431190000152
the gain of the information is obtained by the information,
gain(S,A)＝entropy(S)-entropy(S,A) (17)
the ID3 algorithm calculates the gain ratio of each attribute in the training tuples when splitting, and selects the attribute with the maximum gain ratio to split;
the present embodiment calculates the resultant acceleration from the X, Y, Z triaxial measurements of the accelerometer, i.e.,
wherein a represents the resultant acceleration, ax,ay,azRepresenting acceleration values of x, y and z axes, respectively;
taking the mean value, standard deviation, peak interval, peak-to-valley value and two-axis interphase coefficient of the combined acceleration as a characteristic set, and creating a decision tree for actions such as stillness, swimming (taking free swimming as an example here) and drowning;
based on the method, accelerometer data in the test equipment are collected, low-pass filtering is carried out on the collected data, and finally, the behavior of the person is analyzed based on the behavior characteristics.
The test cases are as follows, the accelerometer-based stationary measurements are shown in FIG. 7, and the mean and standard deviation are shown in FIG. 8; the free swimming combination acceleration data is shown in fig. 9, and the mean value and standard deviation thereof are shown in fig. 10; because the drowning measurement can not be directly obtained, the measurement is obtained by simulating the drowning action, wherein the data is divided into a drowning initial state and a drowning struggling stage, the initial state data is shown in fig. 11, and fig. 12 is the mean value and the variance of the initial state data; fig. 13 shows struggling state data, fig. 14 shows a mean value and a variance thereof, it can be seen from fig. 7 to fig. 14 that the mean value, the variance, peak intervals and peak troughs representing behavior characteristics are obviously different among different behaviors, each value obtained in measurement data can be applied to the design of a decision tree, based on experimental data, the flow of the designed decision tree is shown in fig. 15, and finally, in practical application, program codes are implemented according to the flow shown in fig. 15.

Claims (10)

1. A drowning detection method based on wireless communication is characterized in that: the drowning detection method based on wireless communication adopts a drowning detection system based on wireless communication to detect the drowning state of a swimmer, the drowning detection system based on wireless communication comprises an alarm base station and a drowning detection bracelet, and the alarm base station and the drowning detection bracelet are connected and information is transmitted through a wireless communication module; the specific process steps are as follows:
drowning detects bracelet real-time detection wearer's swimming state, (one), acquires wearer's acceleration data, confirms that the wearer is in quiescent condition or motion state through the acceleration data analysis based on accelerometer action recognition algorithm:
if the wearer is in a static state, further analyzing the water depth value of the position, and when the water depth value is larger than the safe water depth range value of the wearer, further analyzing whether the heart rate is normal or not, and if the heart rate is abnormal, judging that the wearer is drowned;
if the wearer is in a motion state, further judging whether the wearer is in a normal swimming state or a drowning state according to an accelerometer-based behavior recognition algorithm;
when the drowning detection bracelet judges that the wearer is in a drowning state, the drowning detection bracelet sends alarm information to the alarm base station through a wireless communication technology;
(II) the alarm base station receives alarm information of the drowning detection bracelet in real time, analyzes the received alarm information, and displays the analyzed information to alarm a security officer;
and (III) receiving alarm information from a computer end or a handheld mobile communication end by a security officer, verifying whether a drowning detection bracelet wearer has a drowning danger or not by the security officer, and carrying out emergency rescue if the drowning detection bracelet wearer has the drowning danger.
2. The drowning detection method based on wireless communication according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wireless communication module adopts a ZigBee module based on a ZigBee communication technology or a Bluetooth module based on a Bluetooth 5.0 communication technology.
3. The drowning detection method based on wireless communication according to claim 2, characterized in that: the drowning detection method based on ZigBee/Bluetooth communication is implemented by matching with a drowning detection system based on ZigBee/Bluetooth communication, and the specific process steps are as follows:
the drowning detection bracelet detects the swimming state of a wearer in real time, and when the drowning detection bracelet judges that the wearer is in the drowning state, alarm information is sent to an alarm base station through a ZigBee/Bluetooth communication technology; the method comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the drowning detection bracelet is arranged on the arm of a wearer, the drowning detection bracelet acquires human body movement data through an accelerometer, and the current behavior of the wearer is analyzed to be in a static or moving state through an accelerometer-based behavior recognition algorithm according to the measurement data of the accelerometer;
(2) if the drowning detection bracelet judges that the wearer is in a motion state at present, the wearer is further judged to be in a normal swimming state or a drowning state according to an accelerometer-based behavior recognition algorithm; if the wearer is in a drowning state, the drowning detection bracelet sends alarm information to an alarm base station through the ZigBee/Bluetooth module, and an LED alarm lamp of the drowning detection bracelet carries out flash frequency alarm;
(3) if the drowning detection bracelet judges that the wearer is in a static state at present, the drowning detection bracelet acquires water depth data through a water depth sensor, compares a water depth data value with a set safe water depth threshold value of the wearer, if the water depth is greater than the threshold value, the water depth of the wearer is abnormal, the drowning detection bracelet further acquires a heart rate value through a heart rate measurement sensor, judges whether the current heart rate value of the wearer is normal or not, and judges that the wearer is in a drowning state when the heart rate value is abnormal; if the wearer is in a drowning state, the drowning detection bracelet sends alarm information to an alarm base station through the ZigBee/Bluetooth module, and an LED alarm lamp of the drowning detection bracelet carries out flash frequency alarm; otherwise, continuously reading the accelerometer data;
(II) the alarm base station receives alarm information of the drowning detection bracelet in real time, analyzes the received alarm information and displays the analyzed information; the specific process is as follows:
(1) after the alarm base station is started to work, hardware initialization is carried out;
(2) the alarm base station waits for receiving bracelet alarm information in real time;
(3) if the alarm base station receives the drowning bracelet alarm information, analyzing the information content;
(4) after the alarm base station completes the analysis of the information, displaying the analyzed information on a LCD display screen of the base station of the alarm base station to display a bracelet ID for sending an alarm;
(5) the alarm base station sends alarm information to a security officer through a network;
and (III) receiving alarm information from a computer end or a handheld mobile communication end by a security officer, verifying whether a drowning detection bracelet wearer has a drowning danger or not by the security officer, and carrying out emergency rescue if the drowning detection bracelet wearer has the drowning danger.
4. The drowning detection method based on wireless communication according to claim 3, characterized in that: the drowning detection bracelet main body structure based on ZigBee/Bluetooth communication comprises an MCU, a ZigBee/Bluetooth module, an accelerometer, a heart rate measuring sensor, a water depth sensor, a flash memory, an LED alarm lamp, an LCD display screen and a lithium battery; the ZigBee/Bluetooth module is connected with the MCU through the UART module and carries out information transmission; the accelerometer is connected with the MCU through the UART module and carries out information transmission; the heart rate measuring sensor is connected with the MCU through the IIC module and carries out information transmission; the water depth sensor is connected with the MCU through the IIC module and carries out information transmission; the flash memory is connected with the MCU through the SPI module and carries out information transmission; the LED alarm lamp is connected with the MCU through the GPIO module and performs information transmission; the LCD display screen is connected with the MCU through the IIC module and carries out information transmission; the lithium battery is electrically connected with the MCU.
5. The wireless communication based drowning detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the MCU is used as a microprocessor for acquiring the heart rate, the blood pressure and the motion state of the wearer, processing and analyzing the acquired information, and giving an alarm in time when the abnormality exists in the data analysis result;
the ZigBee/Bluetooth module is used for the MCU to communicate with the base station and send alarm information and measurement data;
the accelerometer is used for measuring the motion state of the wearer and transmitting the motion state to the MCU, and the MCU further analyzes whether the swimmer drowns;
the heart rate measuring sensor is used for measuring the heart rate of a wearer and transmitting the detected heart rate to the MCU, the detected heart rate is used for assisting in judging whether the wearer drowns, and when the heart rate is detected to be in a static state, the drowning person is possibly in the late stage of drowning;
the water depth sensor is used for measuring the current water depth of the wearer and transmitting the detected water depth value to the MCU, and the MCU judges whether the wearer is drowned through the assistance of the water depth value;
the flash memory is used for storing basic information of a drowning detection bracelet wearer and measurement data of the accelerometer;
the LED alarm lamp is used for carrying out flash frequency alarm under the control of the MCU to prompt security personnel that a suspected drowning condition of a wearer exists;
the LCD display screen is used for displaying the current time, receiving and displaying the heart rate/blood pressure value measured by the MCU;
the lithium cell is used for detecting bracelet output electric energy to drowning.
6. The wireless communication based drowning detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the drowning detection bracelet can be provided with an RFID module, and the RFID module is used for registering and opening a cabinet for storing personal articles arranged in a swimming pool place; the drowning detection bracelet or the removable bracelet is attached to swimming goggles and a swimming cap.
7. The wireless communication based drowning detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the concrete work flow of drowning detection bracelet do:
(1) open drowned detection bracelet:
wearing the drowning detection bracelet on the arm of a wearer, and opening the drowning detection bracelet;
(2) reading accelerometer measurement data:
the accelerometer measures the motion state of the wearer and transmits the motion state to the MCU, and the MCU analyzes the current behavior of the wearer to be in a static state or a motion state through an accelerometer-based behavior recognition algorithm according to the measurement data based on the accelerometer;
(3) drowning analysis of the motion state:
if the MCU judges that the wearer is in a motion state at present, the current behavior is further analyzed and judged to be normal swimming or drowning behavior according to the accelerometer-based behavior recognition algorithm; if the wearer is in a drowning state, the MCU sends alarm information to a drowning alarm base station through the ZigBee/Bluetooth module, and simultaneously the MCU controls the LED alarm lamp to carry out flash frequency alarm;
(4) drowning analysis in a static state:
if the MCU judges that the wearer is in a static state at present, the MCU acquires a water depth data value through a water depth sensor and compares the water depth data value with a set safe water depth threshold value of the wearer, and the threshold value is set according to the height of the wearer and the safe water depth value of the wearer from the water surface;
if the water depth data value is smaller than the threshold value, the wearer is in a safe static state; if the water depth data value is larger than the threshold value, the MCU further acquires a heart rate value through the heart rate measuring sensor, whether the current heart rate value of the wearer is in a drowning state is judged, and when the detected heart rate value is not in a normal heart rate range (60-100 times/minute), the wearer is in the drowning state;
if the MCU judges that the wearer is in a drowning state through the heart rate value, the MCU sends alarm information to a drowning alarm base station through the ZigBee/Bluetooth module, and simultaneously the MCU controls an LED alarm lamp to alarm in a flashing frequency mode; otherwise, the MCU continues to read the data of the accelerometer.
8. The wireless communication based drowning detection method according to claim 3, 4 or 5, characterized in that: the drowning alarm base station main body structure based on ZigBee/Bluetooth comprises a base station MCU, a base station ZigBee/Bluetooth module, a wifi/Ethernet module, a base station LCD display screen, a base station flash memory, an SIM card and a direct current power supply; the base station ZigBee/Bluetooth module is used for communicating with the drowning detection bracelet and transmitting information acquired from the drowning detection bracelet to the base station MCU; the base station ZigBee/Bluetooth module is connected with the base station MCU through the UART module and carries out information transmission; the wifi/Ethernet module is connected with the base station MCU through the SPI module and carries out information transmission; the base station LCD display screen is connected with the base station MCU through the IIC module and carries out information transmission; the base station flash memory is connected with the base station MCU through the SPI module and carries out information transmission; the SIM card is connected with the base station MCU through the UART module and carries out information transmission; the direct current power supply is electrically connected with the base station MCU.
9. The wireless communication based drowning detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the base station MCU is used for acquiring information transmitted by the drowning detection bracelet through the base station ZigBee/Bluetooth module, controlling the base station LCD display screen to display alarm information, sending the alarm information to a security officer, and storing the acquired information in the base station flash memory; the base station ZigBee/Bluetooth module is used for communicating with the drowning detection bracelet and transmitting information acquired from the drowning detection bracelet to the base station MCU; the wifi/Ethernet module is used for assisting the base station MCU to send alarm information to a security officer; the base station LCD display screen is used for displaying alarm information sent by the base station MCU; the base station flash memory is used for storing basic information of the drowning alarm base station and measurement data of the bracelet accelerometer; the SIM card is used for sending alarm information to safety patrolmen through the SIM card when the swimming pool is indoors without wifi/Ethernet; the direct current power supply is used for providing electric energy for the drowning alarm base station.
10. The wireless communication based drowning detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: the drowning alarm base station based on ZigBee/Bluetooth has the following specific working procedures:
(1) open drowned warning basic station, drowned warning basic station carries out hardware initialization: configuring hardware using UART, IIC, SPI bus, wifi/Ethernet and ZigBee/Bluetooth module in the equipment for use;
(2) receiving bracelet alarm information: after receiving the information transmitted by the drowning detection bracelet in embodiment 3, the ZigBee/Bluetooth module of the base station transmits the information to the base station MCU;
(3) analyzing the information content: after the base station MCU acquires the drowning detection bracelet alarm information, analyzing the information content;
(4) the LCD displays the alarm content: after the base station MCU completes the information analysis, the base station MCU displays the analyzed information on a LCD display screen of the base station to display a bracelet ID for sending an alarm;
(5) sending alarm information to a security officer: after the information analysis is completed by the base station MCU, alarm information is sent to a security officer through the wifi/Ethernet module, the security officer receives the alarm information from a computer end or a handheld mobile communication end, the security officer verifies whether a drowning detection bracelet wearer has a drowning danger or not, and if yes, emergency rescue is carried out;
(6) the base station continuously operates: after alarm information handles, alarm information is transferred by basic station MCU and is saved to basic station flash accumulator, and drowned warning basic station lasts the operation, receives the alarm information by drowning detection bracelet transmission in real time.
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