CN110647179B - Pressure reduction control water level determination method for reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling - Google Patents

Pressure reduction control water level determination method for reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling Download PDF

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CN110647179B
CN110647179B CN201910933290.8A CN201910933290A CN110647179B CN 110647179 B CN110647179 B CN 110647179B CN 201910933290 A CN201910933290 A CN 201910933290A CN 110647179 B CN110647179 B CN 110647179B
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胡向阳
邹强
丁毅
鲁军
饶光辉
李文俊
张睿
洪兴骏
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Changjiang Institute of Survey Planning Design and Research Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for determining a pressure reduction control water level of reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling, which comprises the following steps:(1) Collecting basic data of reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling; (2) Setting the current pressure-reducing control water level
Figure DDA0002220921810000011
(3) Obtaining the reduced pressure control water level
Figure DDA0002220921810000012
High water level Z for regulating floodmax(ii) a (4) Flood protection compensation control water level Z1Judgment is made for the control conditions. According to the method, on the premise of not influencing the flood control safety of the reservoir, the application mode of the flood control storage capacity space of the reservoir is refined, the effect of the reservoir on the downstream storage is improved, and technical support is provided for the scheduling decision of a reservoir operation management department.

Description

Pressure reduction control water level determination method for reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower, and particularly relates to a pressure reduction control water level determination method for reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling.
Background
Flood control and disaster reduction are long-term and difficult tasks in the water conservancy projects in China. In the flood season, the uniformly determined flood prevention characteristic water level comprises a warning water level and a guaranteed water level. The guard water level is the water level of each river dike which needs to be in a guard and guard state, when the water level is reached, the dike body may have dangerous situations or even major dangerous situations, night and day patrol is needed, the number of times of patrol is increased, and flood prevention enters an important period. The guaranteed water level is the flood level of the dike engineering design defense standard, the corresponding flow is the river safety discharge capacity, and the guaranteed water level is the flood level of the dike design designed according to the flood control standard or the highest flood level which has been defended historically.
The existing reservoir flood control compensation scheduling modes take the safety discharge amount corresponding to the guaranteed water level of a downstream control station as a control condition for calculation, and determine a flood control compensation reservoir capacity space, for example, a method of 'controlling stage flood limit water level of three gorges reservoirs in different compensation scheduling modes' of Yang Chunhua and the like (hydroelectric power generation, 2010, 36 (8)) is provided on the basis of guaranteeing the safety discharge amount corresponding to the water level. Because the flood sample that guarantees the water level and corresponds is rare flood, consequently only can reservoir make full use of flood control reservoir capacity when dealing with the flood, when taking place general flood, the reservoir can basically block water and flood control reservoir capacity utilizes less, can not full play reservoir's flood control effect, can make the situation of the super guard water level of low reaches control station often appear even, has increased flood control input cost. Therefore, it is necessary to implement a flood control compensation schedule of pressure reduction control, to properly retain flood water when sufficient control is given to flood control, to exert the flood reduction and even pressure reduction capability of the reservoir, and to sufficiently exert the flood control and disaster reduction capability of the reservoir in the actual scheduling process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems in the prior art and provides a method for determining the pressure reduction control water level of the reservoir in real-time flood control compensation scheduling so as to meet the downstream pressure reduction requirement of the reservoir.
The invention relates to a decompression control water level determination method for reservoir real-time flood control compensation dispatching, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Collecting basic data of reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling;
(2) Setting the current pressure-reducing control water level
Figure GDA0003668965330000021
(3) Obtaining the reduced pressure control water level
Figure GDA0003668965330000022
High water level Z for regulating floodmax；
(4) To compensate for and control the water level Z1For the control condition, if Z ismax<Z1Then the water level is controlled to be high and reduced
Figure GDA0003668965330000023
Repeating steps (3) and (4) if Zmax≥Z1And taking the current decompression control water level as the determined decompression control water level.
Further, in the step (2), the water level is controlled by reducing the pressure
Figure GDA0003668965330000024
The value of (a) is between the flood limit water level Z0And compensation control of water level Z1In the meantime.
Further, the step (3) includes,
(3.1) carrying out flood regulation on the ith flood process;
(3.2) obtaining the flood-regulating high water level Z of the ith floodi,max；
(3.3) judging whether flood regulation is carried out on all flood fields, if i is more than or equal to 1 and less than N, repeating (3.1) to (3.3) to carry out flood regulation on the next flood field, and if i = N, carrying out the subsequent step (3.4);
(3.4) flood control from flood of each time to high Water level { Z1,max,Z2,max,...,ZN,maxThe maximum value is selected as the pressure-reducing control water level
Figure GDA0003668965330000025
High water level Z for regulating floodmax。
Further, in the step (3.2), the flood regulation of the ith field flood is carried out to reach a high water level Zi,maxIt is calculated in the following manner,
(3.2.1) let t =1,Zi,1＝Z0；
(3.2.2) according to the water level reservoir capacity curve function f (), obtaining the reservoir capacity of the ith field flood in the current time period by the water level interpolation in the current time period;
(3.2.3) leveling according to the amount of reservoir waterEquation of equilibrium Vi,t+1＝Vi,t+(Ii,t-Qi,t)×△t,t∈[1,T]Calculating to obtain the storage capacity of the next time interval; wherein Vi,t，Vi,t+1Reservoir storage capacities corresponding to the ith flood time period t and the time period t +1 are respectively set; i isi,tWarehousing flow rate of ith flood at t time period; qi,tCorrecting the flow out of the warehouse for flood control compensation scheduling at the ith flood time period t; t is the time interval length; Δ t is the time interval hours;
(3.2.4) according to the water level reservoir capacity curve function f (), the water level of the next time interval is obtained through the reservoir capacity interpolation of the next time interval;
(3.2.5) repeating steps (3.2.3) - (3.2.4) until all periods of the flood are calculated;
(3.2.6) selecting the flood control high water level Z with the maximum value of the ith flood from the water levels of the ith flood in all time periodsi,max。
Further, in the step (3.2.3),
(a) When the ith flood is performed for t time period, the corresponding reservoir water level
Figure GDA0003668965330000031
Correction delivery flow Q for reservoir flood control compensation schedulingi,tThe calculation method of (A) is as follows:
calculating the allowable discharge amount of each control station relative to the corresponding safe discharge amount of the alert water level by considering the flood propagation time
Figure GDA0003668965330000032
Taking the minimum value of the allowable discharge of all control stations as the corrected ex-warehouse flow;
(b) When the ith flood time t corresponds to the reservoir water level
Figure GDA0003668965330000033
Correction delivery flow Q for reservoir flood control compensation schedulingi,tThe calculation method is as follows:
considering flood propagation time, calculating allowable discharge amount of each control station relative to corresponding safe discharge amount of guaranteed water level
Figure GDA0003668965330000034
Taking the minimum value of the allowable discharge of all control stations as the corrected ex-warehouse flow;
wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, T is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to T, K is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K, and taukThe travel time from the reservoir to the kth control station,
Figure GDA0003668965330000035
for the safety leakage amount corresponding to the warning water level of the kth control station,
Figure GDA0003668965330000036
for the k control station to ensure the safety discharge corresponding to the water level,
Figure GDA0003668965330000041
flood at ith field t + tau for kth control stationkInterval of time interval water flow.
Further, in the step (4), according to
Figure GDA0003668965330000042
And (5) increasing and reducing the pressure to control the water level.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for determining the decompression control water level of the real-time flood control compensation scheduling of the reservoir can be suitable for the reservoirs with various flood control tasks (upstream type, middle-downstream type and full-watershed type), and by setting the decompression control water level of the flood control compensation scheduling, the application mode of the flood control storage space of the reservoir is refined on the premise of not influencing the flood control safety of the reservoir, the blocking and storage effect of the reservoir on the downstream is improved, and technical support is provided for scheduling decisions of a reservoir operation management department.
After the water level is controlled by decompression according to the invention, when the water level of a reservoir does not exceed the water level, a flood control compensation system is carried out on a downstream flood control station according to a warning water level; and when the water level of the reservoir exceeds the water level, performing flood control compensation scheduling on the downstream flood control station according to the guaranteed water level. By setting the decompression control water level of the flood control compensation scheduling, the time of the downstream control station exceeding the warning water level can be shortened, the flood control expense is further reduced, the real-time operability of the reservoir flood control scheduling mode is improved, and technical support is provided for scheduling decisions of reservoir operation management departments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining a pressure-reducing control water level for reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely exemplary. While the advantages of the invention will be clear and readily understood by the description.
The invention provides a method for determining a pressure reduction control water level of reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling, which comprises the following specific calculation processes: selecting different decompression control water levels, correcting calculation conditions of flood control compensation control in a flood control scheduling mode, calculating the flood control highest water level of each flood according to reservoir warehousing flow and interval flow of different times, comparing the flood control highest water level with the compensation control water level, if the flood control highest water level of each flood is lower than the compensation control water level, gradually raising the decompression control water level, and finally solving the decompression control water level meeting the flood control requirement conditions; otherwise, the conclusion that the decompression control cannot be met is given, and the basic scheduling mode of flood control compensation according to the guaranteed water level can be executed only in the real-time flood control compensation scheduling process.
Step (1): and collecting basic data of the reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling.
The basic data comprise characteristic curves such as a water level reservoir capacity curve and a discharge capacity curve of the reservoir, characteristic parameters such as a flood limit water level, a flood control reservoir capacity, a flood control compensation control water level and water level amplitude, sequence data such as warehousing flow of different times, incoming water flow of a region from the reservoir to a control station, safety discharge corresponding to different water levels of a flood control station at the downstream of the reservoir, propagation time from the reservoir to different control stations, a basic flood control scheduling mode of the reservoir and other basic data, and boundary conditions of the flood control compensation scheduling of the reservoir are determined.
Step (2): and setting a decompression control water level, and determining a reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling mode considering the decompression control water level.
Adjusting water level of reservoir to flood limiting water level Z0The flood field is N, and the number of downstream control stations is K. The reservoir warehousing flow sequence of the ith flood is set as
Figure GDA0003668965330000051
The interval flow from the reservoir to the kth control station is
Figure GDA0003668965330000052
Ii,tIs the warehousing flow rate, I 'of the ith flood in the period t'i,tI =1,2,.. The flow rate from the reservoir to the kth control station during the i-th flood is N, T =1,2i，k＝1,2,...,K，TiCalculating the total time interval for the ith flood; the propagation time from the reservoir to the control station k is recorded as τk(ii) a Safety discharge of different control stations k at warning water level and corresponding to guaranteed water level
Figure GDA0003668965330000053
And
Figure GDA0003668965330000054
and (3): considering the reservoir water balance equation, carrying out flood regulation calculation on each flood according to the corrected flood control compensation dispatching mode to obtain the flood regulation high water level Z in the ith flood processi,maxTaking the maximum value of flood control high water level of each flood
Figure GDA0003668965330000055
(3.1) carrying out flood regulation on the ith flood process;
(3.2) obtaining the flood-regulating high water level Z of the ith floodi,max；
(3.2.1) carrying out flood regulation calculation from the flood limiting water level from the first time period, and enabling t =1;
(3.2.2) Water level Z according to ith flood t periodi,tObtaining the reservoir volume V of the ith flood t period by interpolation of a water level reservoir volume curve function fi,tCan be represented as Vi,t＝f(Zi,t)；
(3.2.3) according to the reservoir water balance equation Vi,t+1＝Vi,t+(Ii,t-Qi,t)×△t,t∈[1,T]Calculating to obtain the storage capacity of the next time interval, wherein Vi,t，Vi,t+1Reservoir storage capacities corresponding to the ith flood time period t and the time period t +1 are respectively set; i isi,tWarehousing flow rate of ith flood at t time period; qi,tCorrecting the ex-warehouse flow for flood control compensation scheduling of the ith flood at the time t; t is the time interval length; Δ t is the hours of the session;
(3.2.4) calculating to obtain the storage capacity V of the ith flood t +1 time periodi,t+1And the water level Z of the ith field flood t +1 time period is obtained by interpolation of a water level reservoir capacity curve function fi,t+1Can be represented as Zi,t+1＝f(Vi,t+1)；
(3.2.5) repeating steps (3.2.3) - (3.2.4) with t = t +1 until all periods of the flood are calculated;
(3.2.6) selecting the flood control high water level Z with the maximum value as the ith flood from the water levels of the ith flood in all periodsi,maxCan be represented as
Figure GDA0003668965330000061
If the pressure reduction is considered to control the water level
Figure GDA0003668965330000062
The flow rate Q of each time intervali,tThe calculation formula is modified as:
(1) When the water level of the reservoir does not exceed
Figure GDA0003668965330000063
In time, the ex-warehouse flow calculation formula is as follows:
(1) calculating the allowable discharge amount of each control station relative to the corresponding safe discharge amount of the warning water level by considering the flood propagation time
Figure GDA0003668965330000064
(2) Taking the minimum value of the allowable leakage amount of all control stations as the actually allowable valueReservoir flow, i.e.
Figure GDA0003668965330000065
(2) When the reservoir water level exceeds
Figure GDA0003668965330000066
In time, the calculation formula of the outlet flow of reservoir flood control compensation scheduling is as follows:
(1) considering flood propagation time, calculating allowable discharge of each control station relative to corresponding safe discharge of guaranteed water level
Figure GDA0003668965330000067
(2) Taking the minimum value of the allowable leakage of all control stations as the actually allowable outlet flow, i.e.
Figure GDA0003668965330000068
(3.3) judging whether flood regulation is carried out on all flood fields, if i is more than or equal to 1 and less than N, repeating (3.1) to (3.3) to carry out flood regulation on the next flood field, and if i = N, carrying out the subsequent step (3.4);
(3.4) flood control from flood of each time to high Water level { Z1,max,Z2,max,...,ZN,maxThe maximum value is selected as the pressure-reducing control water level
Figure GDA0003668965330000071
High water level Z for regulating floodmax。
And (4): judgment of ZmaxWhether the water level is lower than the flood control compensation control water level Z1. If Z ismaxLess than Z1The pressure reduction control water level can still be raised to make
Figure GDA0003668965330000072
And (5) repeating the step 2 to the step 4. If Z ismaxEqual to or greater than Z1Then output
Figure GDA0003668965330000073
As determined this timeAnd (5) reducing the pressure to control the water level, and ending the process.
Example 1
Taking a certain large reservoir at the upper reaches of Yangtze river in China as an example, the method for determining the pressure reduction control water level of the real-time flood control compensation scheduling of the reservoir comprises the following steps:
step 1: and collecting basic data and constraint requirements of the reservoir flood control real-time compensation scheduling.
Firstly, collecting characteristic curves of a water level reservoir capacity curve, a discharge capacity curve and the like of the reservoir, setting a flood limit water level to be 145m, a flood control compensation control water level to be 155m and a water level amplitude to be 2m, selecting 8 years of upstream flood of 1958, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1966, 1981, 1982 and 1987 as a research sequence, counting sequence data such as warehousing flow of flood of different fields, interval water flow from the reservoir to a flood control station A and interval water flow from the reservoir to a control station B and the like, wherein the calculation time interval of the flood of each field is 93, analyzing and counting the warning water level of the control station A and the control station B and the safety discharge corresponding to the guaranteed water level, the propagation time from the reservoir to the control station A and the reservoir to the control station B is respectively 0 day and 2 days, collecting basic data of a reservoir basic flood control compensation scheduling mode and the like, and determining the boundary conditions of the reservoir compensation scheduling.
Step 2: and setting the decompression control water level to be 147m, and determining a reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling mode considering the decompression control water level. Generally speaking, the decompression control water level is set from the flood limit water level, and is gradually raised and applied until the process is finished.
The initial water level of the reservoir is 145m, the flood field is 8, and the number of the downstream control stations is 2. Setting the reservoir warehousing flow, the flow from the reservoir to the control station A and the flow from the reservoir to the control station in the ith flood process as
Figure GDA0003668965330000081
{I′i,1,1,I′i,1,2,...,I′i,1,t...,I′i,1,93And { I'i,2,1,I′i,2,2,...,I′i,2,t...,I′i,2,93}，i＝1,2,...,8；t＝1,2,...93；k＝1,2.
Assuming that the decompression control water level is not considered, the decompression control water level is 145m flood limit water level, flood control compensation control is performed according to the guaranteed water level from 145m, the highest flood regulation high water level of 8-field flood is only 152.31m, and a space is left from the flood control compensation control water level 155m, so that the decompression control water level is required to be applied to fully utilize the flood control storage capacity.
Considering the decompression control water level, when the decompression control water level is 147m, according to the flood control compensation scheduling mode of the reservoir, the delivery flow Q of each time periodi,tThe calculation formula is modified as:
(1) When the water level of the reservoir is not more than 147m, the calculation formula of the outlet flow of the reservoir flood control compensation scheduling is as follows:
controlling the allowable discharge amount of the station A relative to the safe discharge amount corresponding to the warning water level by considering the flood propagation time
Figure GDA0003668965330000082
The allowable discharge amount of the safety discharge amount corresponding to the warning water level of the control station B
Figure GDA0003668965330000083
Taking the minimum value of the allowable discharge capacity of the two control stations as the actually allowable discharge capacity, i.e. the actual allowable discharge capacity
Figure GDA0003668965330000084
(2) When the water level of the reservoir exceeds 147m, the calculation formula of the outlet flow of the reservoir flood control compensation scheduling is as follows:
considering flood propagation time, controlling allowable discharge of station A relative to corresponding safe discharge of guaranteed water level
Figure GDA0003668965330000085
Allowable discharge of control station B relative to corresponding safe discharge of guaranteed water level
Figure GDA0003668965330000086
Taking the minimum value of the allowable leakage of all control stations as the actually allowable outlet flow, i.e.
Figure GDA0003668965330000091
For example, for the 8 th time interval of the 1 st flood, when the reservoir water level is 145.2m and is lower than 147m, the reservoir flow is calculated by adopting the method (1) and the allowable discharge amounts of the control station A and the control station B relative to the alarm water level are 32000m3S and 37500m3S, taking the minimum value of the two as Q1,8＝32000。
Similarly, for the 29 th period of the flood, if the reservoir water level is 147.3m and is higher than 147m, the reservoir flow is calculated by adopting the method (2), and the allowable discharge quantities of the control station A and the control station B relative to the guaranteed water level are 48000m respectively3/s and 45300m3S, taking the minimum value of the two as Q1,29＝45300。
And by analogy, the allowable flow calculation of all flood fields in all time periods is realized.
And step 3: considering a reservoir water quantity balance equation, performing flood regulation calculation on the 8 fields of flood according to a corrected flood control compensation scheduling mode, and obtaining flood regulation high water levels of 8 fields of flood processes, namely 152.31m, 148.56m, 152.30m, 152.20m, 151.31m, 153.78m, 150.53m and 151.38m respectively, obviously, the maximum value of each field of flood regulation high water levels is Zmax＝153.78m。
And 4, step 4: judging 153.78m lower than flood control compensation control water level Z1=155m. Can be seen, ZmaxLess than Z1The pressure reduction control water level can still be raised to make
Figure GDA0003668965330000092
Repeating the step 2 to the step 4 until ZmaxEqual to or greater than 155m, and a final output
Figure GDA0003668965330000093
147.9m, the flow ends as the pressure reduction control water level determined this time.

Claims (3)

1. A method for determining a pressure reduction control water level for reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Collecting basic data of reservoir real-time flood control compensation scheduling;
(2) Setting the current pressure-reducing control water level
Figure FDA0003806106460000011
(3) Obtaining the reduced pressure control water level
Figure FDA0003806106460000012
High water level Z for regulating floodmax；
(4) To compensate for and control the water level Z1For the control condition, if Z ismax<Z1Then the water level is increased and reduced
Figure FDA0003806106460000013
Repeating steps (3) and (4) if Zmax≥Z1Taking the current decompression control water level as the determined decompression control water level;
the step (3) comprises the following steps:
(3.1) carrying out flood regulation on the ith flood process;
(3.2) obtaining the flood-regulating high water level Z of the ith floodi,max；
(3.3) judging whether flood regulation is carried out on all flood fields, if i is more than or equal to 1 and less than N, repeating (3.1) to (3.3) to carry out flood regulation on the next flood field, and if i = N, carrying out the subsequent step (3.4);
(3.4) flood control from flood of each time to high level { Z }1,max,Z2,max,...,ZN,maxA maximum value is selected as the pressure reduction control water level
Figure FDA0003806106460000014
High water level Z for regulating floodmax；
In the step (3.2), the flood regulation high water level Z of the ith field floodi,maxThe method comprises the following steps:
(3.2.1) let t =1,Zi,1＝Z0；
(3.2.2) according to the water level reservoir capacity curve function f (), obtaining the reservoir capacity of the ith field flood in the current time period by the water level interpolation in the current time period;
(3.2.3) according to the reservoir water balance equation Vi,t+1＝Vi,t+(Ii,t-Qi,t)×Δt,t∈[1,T]Calculating to obtain the storage capacity of the next time interval; wherein Vi,t，Vi,t+1Reservoir storage capacities corresponding to the ith flood time period t and the time period t +1 are respectively set; i isi,tWarehousing flow rate of ith flood at t time period; qi,tCorrecting the ex-warehouse flow for flood control compensation scheduling of the ith flood at the time t; t is the time interval length; Δ t is the time period hours;
(3.2.4) according to the water level reservoir capacity curve function f (), interpolating the reservoir capacity in the next time period to obtain the water level in the next time period;
(3.2.5) repeating steps (3.2.3) - (3.2.4) until all periods of the flood are calculated;
(3.2.6) selecting the flood control high water level Z with the maximum value of the ith flood from the water levels of the ith flood in all time periodsi,max；
In the step (3.2.3),
(a) When the ith flood is performed for t time period, the corresponding reservoir water level
Figure FDA0003806106460000021
Correction delivery flow Q for reservoir flood control compensation schedulingi,tThe calculation method is as follows:
calculating the allowable discharge amount of each control station relative to the corresponding safe discharge amount of the warning water level by considering the flood propagation time
Figure FDA0003806106460000022
Taking the minimum value of the allowable discharge of all control stations as the corrected ex-warehouse flow;
(b) When the ith flood time t corresponds to the reservoir water level
Figure FDA0003806106460000023
Correction of discharge flow of reservoir flood control compensation schedulingQi,tThe calculation method is as follows:
considering flood propagation time, calculating allowable discharge amount of each control station relative to corresponding safe discharge amount of guaranteed water level
Figure FDA0003806106460000024
Taking the minimum value of the allowable discharge of all control stations as the corrected ex-warehouse flow;
wherein i is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N, T is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to T, K is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to K, taukThe travel time from the reservoir to the kth control station,
Figure FDA0003806106460000025
for the safety leakage amount corresponding to the warning water level of the kth control station,
Figure FDA0003806106460000026
for the k control station to ensure the safety discharge corresponding to the water level,
Figure FDA0003806106460000027
flood at ith field t + tau for kth control stationkInterval of time interval water flow.
2. The method for determining the pressure-reducing control water level for the real-time flood control compensation dispatching of the reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), the water level is controlled by reducing the pressure
Figure FDA0003806106460000031
The value of (a) is between the flood limit water level Z0And compensation control of water level Z1In the meantime.
3. The method for determining the pressure-reducing control water level for the real-time flood control compensation scheduling of the reservoir according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (4), according to
Figure FDA0003806106460000032
And (5) increasing and reducing the pressure to control the water level.
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