CN110645679A - Central air-conditioning energy-saving control system and method for subway station - Google Patents
Central air-conditioning energy-saving control system and method for subway station Download PDFInfo
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- CN110645679A CN110645679A CN201910959924.7A CN201910959924A CN110645679A CN 110645679 A CN110645679 A CN 110645679A CN 201910959924 A CN201910959924 A CN 201910959924A CN 110645679 A CN110645679 A CN 110645679A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/54—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using one central controller connected to several sub-controllers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/61—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using timers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
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Abstract
The invention provides a central air-conditioning energy-saving control system and a central air-conditioning energy-saving control method for a subway station, wherein the ventilation air-conditioning system fully utilizes a station BAS system to realize information sharing so as to achieve the aim of saving energy; the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of (1) a water chilling unit group control strategy, enthalpy value control, chilled water flow closed-loop control and schedule control, wherein the water chilling unit group control strategy comprises a group control system adding strategy; a group control system machine reduction strategy; the invention has the advantages that through the improvement of the energy-saving control system and the method of the central air conditioner of the subway station, the central air conditioner can save energy by adopting measures of carrying out group control on the water chilling unit, carrying out timing start and stop by combining with a time schedule, carrying out switching control according to indoor and outdoor air enthalpy values and the like, the design is reasonable, the control scheme is simple, a plurality of devices are mutually coordinated, each device is in an energy-saving state, the energy-saving effect is good, and the application effect is obvious, thereby effectively solving the problems and the defects in the existing device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of subway station control, in particular to a subway station central air-conditioning energy-saving control system and method.
Background
The modern construction of cities consumes a great deal of energy, and how to reduce energy consumption and maintain sustainable development becomes a problem to be solved urgently. In the subway industry, a station central air conditioning system is the largest energy consumption equipment except for train traction and power supply, and the load of the station central air conditioning system changes along with the fluctuation of the external temperature, so that the station central air conditioning system has a great improvement space in the aspect of improving a control mode to reduce energy consumption. At present, 90% of subway stations in China are provided with building automation systems or environment and equipment monitoring systems to monitor and control various electromechanical equipment of the subway stations. However, 60% of subway stations do not utilize the BAS system to acquire and process the data of the air conditioning system, and cannot automatically control the air conditioning system, so that the energy-saving purpose is achieved. Starting from sustainable development, the key point of energy saving of the central air-conditioning system is to improve the energy efficiency of the whole system, so that the automatic control level is improved by utilizing the conventional BAS system and combining the operation characteristics of the subway central air-conditioning system, energy is saved, consumption is reduced, and the method is a necessary choice for reducing the operation cost.
The traditional BAS system can only realize simple inching start-stop control and interlocking protection for controlling a central air conditioner of a station, and displays the running states and environmental temperature and humidity parameters of equipment such as a cooling tower, a cooling water system, a chilled water system, a water chilling unit, an air cabinet, a fan and the like. The BAS system is unable to uniformly coordinate and optimally control these devices and systems based on environmental parameters.
In a traditional central air-conditioning system of a subway station, equipment systems are operated at full load under the condition of maximum heat load. In the central air-conditioning system of the subway, the capacities of a water chilling unit, a freezing water pump, a cooling water pump and a cooling fan are selected according to the maximum design heat load of a building, and certain allowance is reserved. The outside temperature changes with the day and night in four seasons and the heat load difference between the subway operation and the non-operation time is large, so that the heat load of the central air conditioner is far lower than the design load in most of the time, namely, the central air conditioner actually operates in a low-load state in most of the time.
In view of the above, the present invention provides a system and a method for controlling energy saving of a central air conditioner of a subway station, which aims to solve the problems and improve the practical value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-saving control system and method for a central air conditioner of a subway station, which aim to solve the problem that the traditional BAS system provided in the background technology can only realize simple inching start-stop control and interlocking protection for the control of the central air conditioner of the station, and display the running states of equipment such as a cooling tower, a cooling water system, a chilled water system, a water chilling unit, an air cabinet and a fan and environmental temperature and humidity parameters. The BAS system cannot perform uniform coordination and optimal control on these devices and systems according to environmental parameters, and the conventional central air-conditioning system and the equipment systems of the subway station all operate at full load under the condition of maximum heat load. In the central air-conditioning system of the subway, the capacities of a water chilling unit, a freezing water pump, a cooling water pump and a cooling fan are selected according to the maximum design heat load of a building, and certain allowance is reserved. The outside temperature changes with the day and night in four seasons and the heat load difference between the subway operation and the non-operation time is larger, so that the heat load of the central air conditioner is far lower than the design load in most of the time, namely, the central air conditioner actually operates in a low-load state in most of the time.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a central air-conditioning energy-saving control system and a central air-conditioning energy-saving control method for a subway station, which are achieved by the following specific technical means:
the ventilation air-conditioning system fully utilizes a station BAS system to realize information sharing so as to achieve the aim of saving energy; the method comprises the following steps: a group control strategy of the water chilling unit, enthalpy value control, chilled water flow closed-loop control and schedule control; the group control strategy of the water chilling unit comprises the following two modes:
s1, adding machine strategy of the group control system;
and S2, reducing the machine strategy of the group control system.
The enthalpy value control comprises the following steps: according to the relation between outdoor air parameters and return air wet bulb temperature of a station hall and a station public area, and the relation between the outlet air dry bulb temperature and dew point temperature of a cooler of the combined air conditioning unit, the position of an air conditioning ventilation adjustable air valve in the station public area changes the working condition all the year round.
The chilled water flow rate closed-loop control: aiming at different requirements of a subway station public area and an equipment area on environment temperature and humidity, the temperature and humidity of the station public area and important equipment rooms are collected by using an AO module of a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the opening degree of a chilled water flow two-way valve is controlled by PID (proportion integration differentiation) calculation so as to control the flow control of chilled water.
The schedule controls: the public area of the station and the equipment room have different requirements on the environment at different time, and the air conditioning system of the public area needs to be closed at non-operation time, so that a schedule control function is introduced into the BAS system.
As further optimization of the technical scheme, the subway station central air-conditioning energy-saving control system and method of the invention have the following strategy that: when the load at the tail end of the system is increased, the change of the temperature, the pressure difference and the flow of the supply and return water of the chilled water can be reflected, the water chilling unit can lock the set outlet water temperature, when the chilled water quantity rises, the host senses the change of the water quantity, the host is uploaded and controlled according to the self load adjusting capacity, when the system load of the unit rises to 90% of the running power of the unit, the control system starts another unit to add the unit and delays the starting delay, if the running power is greater than 90%, the full-load running of the unit and a water pump of the unit cannot meet the system load value enough, the chilled water outlet water temperature cannot be stabilized on the set outlet water temperature value, and the second unit is started.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, the energy-saving control system and method for the central air conditioner of the subway station, provided by the invention, have the advantages that the machine reduction strategy of the group control system is adopted, the machine sets are in operation, when the system load is reduced, the return water temperature of the air conditioner is correspondingly reduced, the temperature and humidity are also reduced, the supplied water amount is reduced by the refrigeration water supply pump, the machine sets sense the corresponding water amount change, the machine set load is correspondingly reduced, and when the total load amount of the two machine sets is smaller than the rated power of one machine set, after a time delay, the control system turns off one machine set, so that the other machine set is operated under the condition of high load efficiency.
As further optimization of the technical scheme, the system and the method for controlling energy conservation of the central air conditioner of the subway station comprise three operation modes of enthalpy control, wherein the three operation modes comprise:
mode 1, the small fresh air conditioner runs, and the mode conversion condition is ir>iw;
Mode 2, running of the air conditioner in full fresh air, and the mode conversion condition is iw<irAnd T isw>To;
Mode 3, full fresh air non-air-conditioning operation, with mode conversion condition of Tw≤To。
Wherein: t isw: indoor temperature; t iso: the air supply temperature of the air conditioner is determined by the calculation of the design load; t isr: return air dry bulb temperature; i.e. iw: the outdoor enthalpy is monitored by a temperature and humidity detector arranged in front of the inlet of the silencer of the air inlet duct; i.e. ir: the return air enthalpy value is monitored by a temperature and humidity detector arranged in a return air exhaust chamber or a return air exhaust main pipe of the environment-controlled machine room.
And the conversion conditions and the formula are calculated in the BAS system program through the measured values of the temperature and humidity detector in the three operation modes as follows: i ═ 1.01t + (2500+1.84t) d or i ═ 1.01+1.84d) t +2500d (kJ/kg dry air).
In the formula, t: the temperature of air is controlled; d: the moisture content of the air; g/kg: drying the air; 1.01: the average constant pressure specific heat kJ/(kg. K) of dry air; 1.84: the average constant pressure specific heat kJ/(kg. K) of the steam; 2500: latent heat of vaporization of water at 0 ℃, kJ/kg.
As a further optimization of the technical scheme, in the system and method for controlling energy saving of the central air conditioner in the subway station, the action rule of the regulator in the closed-loop control PID control link of the chilled water flow is determined by the following formula: u shapen=KpEn+KI
Due to the application of the technical scheme, compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the invention has the advantages that through the improvement of the energy-saving control system and the method of the central air conditioner of the subway station, the central air conditioner can save energy by adopting measures of carrying out group control on the water chilling unit, carrying out timing start and stop by combining with a time schedule, carrying out switching control according to indoor and outdoor air enthalpy values and the like, the design is reasonable, the control scheme is simple, a plurality of devices are mutually coordinated, each device is in an energy-saving state, the energy-saving effect is good, and the application effect is obvious, thereby effectively solving the problems and the defects in the existing device.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a group control process of a water cooling system according to the present invention;
figure 2 is a schematic view of an enthalpy control interface according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a schedule control interface according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
It is to be noted that, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified; the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "head", "tail", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "connected" and "connected" should be interpreted broadly, for example, as being fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; the connection can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention provides a specific technical embodiment of a central air-conditioning energy-saving control system and method for a subway station:
the ventilation air-conditioning system fully utilizes a station BAS system to realize information sharing so as to achieve the aim of saving energy; the method comprises the following steps: a group control strategy of the water chilling unit, enthalpy value control, chilled water flow closed-loop control and schedule control; the group control strategy of the water chilling unit comprises the following two modes:
s1, adding machine strategy of the group control system;
and S2, reducing the machine strategy of the group control system.
Enthalpy value control: according to the relation between outdoor air parameters and return air wet bulb temperature of a station hall and a station public area, and the relation between the outlet air dry bulb temperature and dew point temperature of a cooler of the combined air conditioning unit, the position of an air conditioning ventilation adjustable air valve in the station public area changes the working condition all the year round.
Closed-loop control of the flow of the freezing water: aiming at different requirements of a subway station public area and an equipment area on environment temperature and humidity, the temperature and humidity of the station public area and important equipment rooms are collected by using an AO module of a PLC (programmable logic controller), and the opening degree of a chilled water flow two-way valve is controlled by PID (proportion integration differentiation) calculation so as to control the flow control of chilled water.
And (3) schedule control: the public area of the station and the equipment room have different requirements on the environment at different time, and the air conditioning system of the public area needs to be closed at non-operation time, so that a schedule control function is introduced into the BAS system.
Specifically, the group control system adding strategy is as follows: when the load at the tail end of the system is increased, the change of the temperature, the pressure difference and the flow of the supply and return water of the chilled water can be reflected, the water chilling unit can lock the set outlet water temperature, when the chilled water quantity rises, the host senses the change of the water quantity, the host is uploaded and controlled according to the self load adjusting capacity, when the system load of the unit rises to 90% of the running power of the unit, the control system starts another unit to add the unit and delays the starting delay, if the running power is greater than 90%, the full-load running of the unit and a water pump of the unit cannot meet the system load value enough, the chilled water outlet water temperature cannot be stabilized on the set outlet water temperature value, and the second unit is started.
Specifically, a machine reduction strategy of the group control system is adopted, the units are in operation, when the system load is reduced, the return water temperature of the air conditioner is correspondingly reduced, the temperature and humidity are also reduced, the supplied water quantity is reduced by the freezing water supply pump, the units sense the corresponding water quantity change, the unit load is correspondingly reduced, when the total load of the two units is smaller than the rated power of one unit, after a time delay, the control system turns off one unit, and the other unit is enabled to operate under the condition of high load efficiency.
Specifically, the three operating modes of enthalpy control include:
mode 1, the small fresh air conditioner runs, and the mode conversion condition is ir>iw;
Mode 2, running of the air conditioner in full fresh air, and the mode conversion condition is iw<irAnd T isw>To;
Mode 3, full fresh air non-air-conditioning operation, with mode conversion condition of Tw≤To。
Wherein: t isw: indoor temperature; t iso: the air supply temperature of the air conditioner is determined by the calculation of the design load; t isr: return air dry bulb temperature; i.e. iw: the outdoor enthalpy is monitored by a temperature and humidity detector arranged in front of the inlet of the silencer of the air inlet duct; i.e. ir: the return air enthalpy value is monitored by a temperature and humidity detector arranged in a return air exhaust chamber or a return air exhaust main pipe of the environment-controlled machine room.
And the conversion conditions and the formula are calculated in the BAS system program through the measured values of the temperature and humidity detector in the three operation modes as follows: i ═ 1.01t + (2500+1.84t) d or i ═ 1.01+1.84d) t +2500d (kJ/kg dry air).
In the formula, t: the temperature of air is controlled; d: the moisture content of the air; g/kg: drying the air; 1.01: the average constant pressure specific heat kJ/(kg. K) of dry air; 1.84: the average constant pressure specific heat kJ/(kg. K) of the steam; 2500: latent heat of vaporization of water at 0 ℃, kJ/kg.
The method comprises the following specific implementation steps:
the central air-conditioning system introduces a series of control technologies such as group control, enthalpy control, chilled water flow closed-loop control and schedule control, when the water cooling system is switched to automatic control, the BAS system collects the external environment temperature, temperature and humidity sensors of each equipment room and public area and water cooling unit data for analysis, and when two water cooling systems at a station run at low load, one set of water cooling unit, a cooling water pump, a chilled water pump and a cooling tower fan are automatically closed according to the group control concept of the water cooling unit. When the outside air temperature is low, the cold water system can even be stopped by calculating the enthalpy value of the air, and the outside low-temperature air is directly sent to the station. Meanwhile, by combining with the schedule control, an operator can edit the schedule according to the operation and energy-saving requirements, and the start and stop of the air conditioning equipment are controlled according to different schedules operated during operation time or on holidays.
In summary, the following steps: the subway station central air-conditioning energy-saving control system and the method have the advantages that through improvement of the subway station central air-conditioning energy-saving control system and the method, the central air-conditioning performs group control on the water chilling unit, the system is started and stopped at regular time by combining a time schedule, the energy is saved by performing measures such as switching control according to indoor and outdoor air enthalpy values, the design is reasonable, the control scheme is simple, a plurality of devices are mutually coordinated, each device is in an energy-saving state, the energy-saving effect is good, and the application effect is obvious, so that the problems and the defects in the existing device are effectively solved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The subway station central air-conditioning energy-saving control system and the method are characterized in that: the ventilation air-conditioning system fully utilizes a station BAS system to realize information sharing so as to achieve the purpose of energy conservation; the method comprises the following steps: a group control strategy of the water chilling unit, enthalpy value control, chilled water flow closed-loop control and schedule control; the group control strategy of the water chilling unit comprises the following two modes:
s1, adding machine strategy of the group control system;
s2, the group control system subtracts the machine strategy,
the enthalpy value control comprises the following steps: according to the relationship between outdoor air parameters and return air wet bulb temperature of station hall and station platform public area, and outlet air dry bulb temperature and dew point temperature of combined air-conditioning unit cooler, the position of air-conditioning ventilation adjustable air valve in station public area all the year can be changed into working condition,
the chilled water flow rate closed-loop control: aiming at different requirements of a public area and an equipment area of a subway station on the environmental temperature and humidity, the AO module of the PLC is utilized to collect the temperature and humidity of the public area of the station and important equipment rooms of the station, the opening degree of a two-way valve for the flow of chilled water is controlled by PID calculation to control the flow of the chilled water,
the schedule controls: the public area of the station and the equipment room have different requirements on the environment at different time, and the air conditioning system of the public area needs to be closed at non-operation time, so that a schedule control function is introduced into the BAS system.
2. The subway station central air-conditioning energy-saving control system and method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the group control system adding strategy comprises the following steps: when the load at the tail end of the system is increased, the change of the temperature, the pressure difference and the flow of the supply and return water of the chilled water can be reflected, the water chilling unit can lock the set outlet water temperature, when the chilled water quantity rises, the host senses the change of the water quantity, the host is uploaded and controlled according to the self load adjusting capacity, when the system load of the unit rises to 90% of the running power of the unit, the control system starts another unit to add the unit and delays the starting delay, if the running power is greater than 90%, the full-load running of the unit and a water pump of the unit cannot meet the system load value enough, the chilled water outlet water temperature cannot be stabilized on the set outlet water temperature value, and the second unit is started.
3. The subway station central air-conditioning energy-saving control system and method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: according to the group control system machine reduction strategy, the units are in operation, when the system load is reduced, the return water temperature of the air conditioner is correspondingly reduced, the temperature and humidity are also reduced, the water supply pump is used for reducing the supplied water quantity, the units sense the corresponding water quantity change, the unit load is correspondingly reduced, when the total load of the two units is smaller than the rated power of one unit, after a period of time delay, the control system turns off one unit, and the other unit is enabled to operate under the condition of high load efficiency.
4. The subway station central air-conditioning energy-saving control system and method as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the three operating modes of the enthalpy control include:
mode 1, the small fresh air conditioner runs, and the mode conversion condition is ir>iw;
Mode 2, running of the air conditioner in full fresh air, and the mode conversion condition is iw<irAnd T isw>T,
Mode 3, full fresh air non-air-conditioning operation, with mode conversion condition of Tw≤T,
Wherein: t isw: indoor temperature; t iso: the air supply temperature of the air conditioner is determined by the calculation of the design load; t isr: return air dry bulb temperature; i.e. iw: the outdoor enthalpy is monitored by a temperature and humidity detector arranged in front of the inlet of the silencer of the air inlet duct; i.e. ir: the return air enthalpy value is monitored by a temperature and humidity detector arranged in a return air exhaust chamber or a return air exhaust main pipe of the environment-controlled machine room,
and the conversion conditions and the formula are calculated in the BAS system program through the measured values of the temperature and humidity detector in the three operation modes as follows: i ═ 1.01t + (2500+1.84t) d or i ═ 1.01+1.84d) t +2500d (kJ/kg dry air),
in the formula, t: the temperature of air is controlled; d: the moisture content of the air; g/kg: drying the air; 1.01: the average constant pressure specific heat kJ/(kg. K) of dry air; 1.84: the average constant pressure specific heat kJ/(kg. K) of the steam; 2500: latent heat of vaporization of water at 0 ℃, kJ/kg.
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CN111706962A (en) * | 2020-05-25 | 2020-09-25 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Control device and method of multi-air-conditioning system and multi-air-conditioning system |
CN111947275A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-17 | 南京理工大学 | Subway station wind-water linkage energy-saving optimization method |
CN112611076A (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2021-04-06 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | Subway station ventilation air conditioner energy-saving control system and method based on ISCS |
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CN111947275A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-11-17 | 南京理工大学 | Subway station wind-water linkage energy-saving optimization method |
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