CN110644028B - Method for rapidly preparing expansion alpha phase on surface of metal material - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for rapidly preparing an expansion alpha phase on the surface of a metal material, which is characterized in that an electrolyte system consisting of a seepage source, an electrolyte, deionized water and the like is configured; putting the pretreated metal material into an electrolyte system prepared in the first step, and generating a stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in the electrolyte system by using a direct-current high-voltage power supply and taking the metal material to be treated as a cathode and a stainless steel plate or a graphite plate as an anode; in the liquid phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, the stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the step two is utilized, and the liquid phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment is carried out on the metal material by adopting a one-step method or a two-step method, so that the expansion alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material. The method has the remarkable advantages of short element infiltration time, high preparation efficiency, no need of low-pressure or vacuum atmosphere conditions, low cost of a reaction device, capability of being carried out in normal-temperature electrolyte and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing an expansion alpha phase, in particular to a method for quickly preparing the expansion alpha phase on the surface of a metal material.
Background
Metal materials are widely used in production and daily life, and among them, metal materials having a body-centered cubic or body-centered tetragonal structure (e.g., carbon steel, alloy steel, ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel, etc.) have been widely used. However, in some extreme environments, the properties of these metal materials, such as strength, hardness, corrosion resistance, etc., are severely challenged, and do not meet the increasing demands in the fields of industrial production, high-end equipment manufacturing, etc., so that the metal materials need to be subjected to surface modification treatment to improve the service life and adaptability to various environments.
There are many methods for modifying the surface of metal materials, and the thermal diffusion technology is one of the most common technologies, but the traditional treatment methods often have the following problems, such as: the conventional gas or plasma thermal diffusion technology can obtain a modified layer with a certain thickness by long-time treatment under the high-temperature, low-pressure or vacuum atmosphere, but the conventional gas or vacuum or plasma nitriding, carburizing or nitrocarburizing needs the low-pressure or vacuum atmosphere, and the workpiece is in the high-temperature environment for a long time, so that the workpiece is seriously deformed, and the problems of low permeation efficiency, large energy consumption, high cost and the like exist.
On the other hand, the low-temperature thermal diffusion technology can carry out surface modification treatment on the metal material at a lower temperature, for example, a low-temperature gas or plasma nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing technology can be adopted to obtain an 'expansion' alpha-phase modified layer on the surface of the stainless steel with a body-centered cubic or body-centered tetragonal structure (the patent: a method for obtaining the expansion alpha-phase on the surface of the stainless steel, the application number: CN201711101586.0, the application date: 2017.11.10, the publication number: CN107841706A, the publication date: 2018.03.27), and a modified layer with high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance can be obtained. However, in the low-temperature gas or vacuum or plasma nitriding, carburizing or nitrocarburizing processes, the workpiece needs low-pressure or vacuum atmosphere, and under the low-temperature treatment condition, the diffusion coefficient of the infiltration element in the metal material is low, so that the problems of low infiltration speed, low efficiency, high cost and the like exist.
In view of the excellent performance and wide application prospect of the 'expansion' alpha phase, the development of a method for quickly and efficiently preparing the 'expansion' alpha phase on the surface of a metal material is urgently needed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for quickly preparing an expansion alpha phase on the surface of a metal material in order to solve the problems of difficult preparation, low efficiency, high cost and the like of the conventional expansion alpha phase.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a method for rapidly preparing an expansion alpha phase on the surface of a metal material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: an electrolyte system consisting of a seepage source, electrolyte, deionized water and the like is configured,
the seepage source is urea, formamide, ethylene glycol, glycerol, ammonia water, sodium cyanide, barium carbonate, calcium carbonate or ammonium chloride; the electrolyte is chloride or carbide;
step two: putting the pretreated metal material into an electrolyte system prepared in the first step, and generating a stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in the electrolyte system by using a direct-current high-voltage power supply and taking the metal material to be treated as a cathode and a stainless steel plate or a graphite plate as an anode;
step three: in the liquid phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, the stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the step two is utilized, and the liquid phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment is carried out on the metal material by adopting a one-step method or a two-step method, so that the expansion alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material.
The invention also includes such features:
the metal material is a metal material with a body-centered cubic or body-centered tetragonal structure, and comprises carbon steel, alloy steel, ferritic stainless steel and martensitic stainless steel;
the chloride is potassium chloride, sodium chloride, lanthanum chloride or cerium chloride; the carbide is sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate;
the voltage range of the power supply is 0V-400V, and the current is 0-30A;
the one-step method is to carry out nitriding or carburizing or carbonitriding or nitrocarburizing treatment for 1-30 min under the voltage of 180-350V, and the current density is 1.00A/cm 2-5.00A/cm 2; the two-step method comprises the steps of treating at a low voltage of 100-160V for 20-60 s, and then nitriding or carburizing or carbonitriding or nitrocarburizing at a voltage of 180-350V for 1-30 min at a current density of 1.00A/cm2～5.00A/cm2；
The electrolyte concentration is 0.2-10 g/L.
The basic principle of the invention is as follows: at normal temperature, in an electrolyte system containing a nitrogen source or a carbon source or a nitrocarburizing and carbonitriding source, a direct-current high-voltage power supply is utilized, a body-centered cubic or body-centered tetragonal structure metal material is taken as a cathode, a stainless steel plate or a graphite plate and the like are taken as an anode, a certain voltage is applied between the cathode and the anode to generate a stable liquid-phase plasma discharge phenomenon, a sample is subjected to nitrogen and carbon element infiltration or coinfiltration treatment in a glow discharge region, and a nitrogen-containing expansion alpha phase or a carbon-containing expansion alpha phase or a nitrogen-containing carbon expansion alpha phase is rapidly formed on the surface of the metal material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention can rapidly prepare the nitrogen-containing expansion alpha phase or carbon-containing expansion alpha phase or nitrogen-containing carbon expansion alpha phase modification layer on the surface of the metal material with the body-centered cubic structure or body-centered tetragonal structure, and obviously improves the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the material. Compared with low-temperature gas or vacuum or plasma nitriding, carburizing or nitrocarburizing methods, the method has the remarkable advantages of short element infiltration time, high preparation efficiency, no need of low-pressure or vacuum environment atmosphere conditions, low reaction device cost, capability of being carried out in normal-temperature electrolyte and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of a 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel surface liquid phase plasma electrolysis nitrocarburizing layer (treated for 2min at 200V in an electrolyte system of 50g urea +4g potassium chloride +1000mL water);
FIG. 2 is a zeta potential polarization curve of a 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel and a 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel surface liquid phase plasma electrolysis nitrocarburizing layer (in an electrolyte system of 50g urea +3g potassium chloride +1000mL water, treatment is carried out for 2min under 200V voltage);
FIG. 3 is an XRD pattern of a liquid phase plasma electrolytic carburized layer of a 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel surface (treated for 15min at 450V in an electrolyte system of 800mL of ethylene glycol, 2g of potassium chloride and 200mL of water).
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
A method for preparing an 'expansion' alpha phase on the surface of a rapid metal material comprises the following steps: firstly, preparing a diffusion source + electrolyteThe electrolyte system comprises three parts of water and the like, wherein the seepage source is organic matters such as urea, formamide, ethylene glycol, glycerol and the like, or the seepage source is inorganic matters such as ammonia water, sodium cyanide, barium carbonate, calcium carbonate, ammonium chloride and the like; the electrolyte is chloride or carbide; the water is deionized water; secondly, putting the pretreated metal material into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and generating a stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in the electrolytic liquid by using a direct current high-voltage power supply and taking the metal material to be treated as a cathode and a stainless steel plate or a graphite plate as an anode under certain process parameters such as treatment voltage or current density; thirdly, in the liquid phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, the stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step is utilized, and the liquid phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment is carried out on the metal material by adopting a one-step method or a two-step method, so that an expansion alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and a modified layer with high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance is obtained on the surface of the metal material. The metal material is a metal material with a body-centered cubic or body-centered tetragonal structure, and comprises carbon steel, alloy steel, ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel and the like. The nitrogen source, the carbon source and the nitrocarburizing source in the electrolyte system are organic matters, and comprise urea, formamide, ethanolamine, glycerol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, acetone and the like; the nitrogen source, the carbon source and the nitrocarburizing source in the electrolyte system are inorganic substances and comprise ammonia water, ammonium chloride, nitric acid, sodium cyanide, barium carbonate, calcium carbonate and the like. In the electrolyte system, the electrolyte is chloride, and the electrolyte system comprises: potassium chloride, sodium chloride, lanthanum chloride, cerium chloride; or the electrolyte in the electrolyte system is carbide and comprises: sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate; the water is deionized water. The power supply is a direct current stabilized power supply: the voltage range is 0V-400V, and the current is 0-30A. The 'one-step method' is to directly carry out nitriding or carburizing or carbonitriding or nitrocarburizing treatment for 1-30 min under the voltage of 180-350V and the current density is 1.00A/cm2～5.00A/cm2(ii) a The two-step method is to treat the substrate for 20 to 60 seconds at a low voltage of 100 to 160V to avoid the substrate temperature from rising too fast, and then to treat the substrate for a long timeNitriding or carburizing or carbonitriding or nitrocarburizing treatment is carried out for 1-30 min under the voltage of 180-350V, and the current density is 1.00A/cm2～5.00A/cm2. The electrolyte system comprises a seepage source, electrolyte, water and the like, wherein the concentration of a nitrogen source or a carbon source or a nitrocarburizing source such as formamide, ethanolamine, glycerol, ethylene glycol, glycerol or acetone and the like is 30-80%, the concentration of urea is 30-100 g/L, the concentration of electrolyte such as chloride or carbide and the like is 0.2-10 g/L, and the concentration of deionized water is 20-70%. The expansion alpha phase is as follows: a nitrogen-containing "expanded" alpha phase or a carbon-containing "expanded" alpha phase or a nitrogen-containing carbon "expanded" alpha phase.
The first embodiment is as follows:
in a urea + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, urea is used as a nitrocarburizing source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 50g of urea, 3g of potassium chloride and 1000ml of deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 180V by adopting a direct-current high-voltage power supply and taking 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, the pretreated 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel is placed in the electrolyte prepared in the first step, in a liquid phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, the stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step is utilized, and the liquid phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment is carried out for 2min by adopting a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a nitrocarbon expansion alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and the 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel surface can obtain high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The second embodiment is as follows:
in a urea + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, urea is used as a nitrocarburizing source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 50g of urea, 2g of potassium chloride and 1000ml of deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 200V by adopting a direct-current high-voltage power supply and taking 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, the pretreated 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel is placed in the electrolyte prepared in the first step, in a liquid phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, the stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step is utilized, and the liquid phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment is carried out for 2min by adopting a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a nitrocarbon expansion alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and the 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel surface can obtain high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The third concrete implementation mode:
in a urea + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, urea is used as a nitrocarburizing source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 50g of urea, 3g of potassium chloride and 1000ml of deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 200V by adopting a direct-current high-voltage power supply and taking 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, the pretreated 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel is placed in the electrolyte prepared in the first step, in a liquid phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, the stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step is utilized, and the liquid phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment is carried out for 2min by adopting a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a nitrocarbon expansion alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and the 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel surface can obtain high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The fourth concrete implementation mode:
in a urea + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, urea is used as a nitrocarburizing source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 50g of urea, 4g of potassium chloride and 1000ml of deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 200V by adopting a direct-current high-voltage power supply and taking 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, putting the pretreated 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and performing liquid-phase plasma electrodischarge by using the plasma glow discharge phenomenon of the stable liquid phase formed in the second step in a liquid-phase plasma electroinfiltration device by adopting a one-step methodAnd (3) performing de-nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment for 2 min. FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of a 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel surface liquid phase plasma electrolysis nitrocarburized layer, which is seen to be composed mainly of nitrocarbon "expanded" alpha-phase; the thickness of the infiltrated layer is about 60 mu m, and the surface hardness of the infiltrated layer can reach 300HV0.05. The potentiodynamic polarization curve results in FIG. 2 show that the corrosion potential of the nitrogen-carbon "expanded" alpha phase layer is significantly increased compared to untreated stainless steel, indicating improved corrosion resistance. Therefore, by adopting the patented technology, the modified layer mainly composed of the nitrogen-containing carbon expansion alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel, so that the surface of the 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel has high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The fifth concrete implementation mode:
in a urea + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, urea is used as a nitrocarburizing source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 50g of urea, 3g of potassium chloride and 1000ml of deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 200V by adopting a direct-current high-voltage power supply and taking 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, putting the pretreated 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and in a liquid phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, performing liquid phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment for 4min by using the stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step by adopting a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a nitrocarbon-containing expansion alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and the surface of the 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel can obtain high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The sixth specific implementation mode:
in a urea + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, urea is used as a nitrocarburizing source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 50g of urea, 3g of potassium chloride and 1000ml of deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 200V by adopting a direct-current high-voltage power supply and taking 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, putting the pretreated 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and in a liquid phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, performing liquid phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment for 8min by using the stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step by adopting a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a nitrocarbon-containing expansion alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and the surface of the 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel can obtain high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The seventh embodiment:
in a urea + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, urea is used as a nitrocarburizing source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 50g of urea, 3g of potassium chloride and 1000ml of deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under 220V voltage by adopting a direct-current high-voltage power supply and taking 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, the pretreated 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel is placed in the electrolyte prepared in the first step, in a liquid phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, the stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step is utilized, and the liquid phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment is carried out for 2min by adopting a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a nitrocarbon expansion alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and the 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel surface can obtain high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The specific implementation mode is eight:
in an electrolyte system of ethylene glycol, potassium chloride and deionized water, the electrolyte system takes ethylene glycol as a carbon source and potassium chloride as electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 800ml of ethylene glycol, 2g of potassium chloride and 200ml of deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 250V by adopting a direct current high-voltage power supply and taking 1Cr17 ferrite stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, putting the pretreated 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and in a liquid-phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, performing liquid-phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment for 6min by using the stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step through a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a carbon-containing 'expansion' alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and further the surface of the 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel has high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The specific implementation method nine:
in an electrolyte system of ethylene glycol, potassium chloride and deionized water, the electrolyte system takes ethylene glycol as a carbon source and potassium chloride as electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 800ml of ethylene glycol, 2g of potassium chloride and 200ml of deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under 350V voltage by adopting a direct current high-voltage power supply and taking 1Cr17 ferrite stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, putting the pretreated 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and in a liquid-phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, performing liquid-phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment for 10min by using the stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step through a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a carbon-containing 'expansion' alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and further the surface of the 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel has high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The detailed implementation mode is ten:
in an electrolyte system of ethylene glycol, potassium chloride and deionized water, the electrolyte system takes ethylene glycol as a carbon source and potassium chloride as electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 800ml of ethylene glycol, 2g of potassium chloride and 200ml of deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 450V by adopting a direct current high-voltage power supply and taking 1Cr17 ferrite stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, putting the pretreated 1Cr17 ferrite stainless steel into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and performing liquid phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment for 15min by a one-step method in a liquid phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device by utilizing the plasma glow discharge phenomenon of the stable liquid phase formed in the second step. Fig. 3 is an XRD spectrum of the liquid-phase plasma electrolytic nitrocarburizing layer on the surface of 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel, which shows that the carburizing layer is mainly composed of a carbon-containing "expanded" alpha-phase, i.e., a modified layer mainly composed of a carbon-containing "expanded" alpha-phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of a metal material by using the patented technology of the present invention, so that the surface of 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel obtains high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The concrete implementation mode eleven:
in an acetone + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, acetone is used as a carbon source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 800ml of ethylene glycol, 2g of potassium chloride and 200ml of deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 250V by adopting a direct current high-voltage power supply and taking 1Cr17 ferrite stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, putting the pretreated 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and in a liquid-phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, performing liquid-phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment for 10min by using the stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step through a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a carbon-containing 'expansion' alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and further the surface of the 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel has high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The specific implementation mode twelve:
in an acetone + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, acetone is used as a carbon source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 400ml ethylene glycol +2g potassium chloride +600ml deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under 350V voltage by adopting a direct current high-voltage power supply and taking 1Cr17 ferrite stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, putting the pretreated 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and in a liquid-phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, performing liquid-phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment for 15min by using the stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step through a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a carbon-containing 'expansion' alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and further the surface of the 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel has high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The specific implementation mode is thirteen:
in an acetone + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, acetone is used as a carbon source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 600ml ethylene glycol +2g potassium chloride +400ml deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 450V by adopting a direct current high-voltage power supply and taking 1Cr17 ferrite stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, putting the pretreated 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and in a liquid-phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, performing liquid-phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment for 6min by using the stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step through a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a carbon-containing 'expansion' alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and further the surface of the 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel has high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The specific implementation mode is fourteen:
in an acetone + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, acetone is used as a carbon source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 600ml ethylene glycol +2g potassium chloride +400ml deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 250V by adopting a direct current high-voltage power supply and taking 1Cr17 ferrite stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, putting the pretreated 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and in a liquid-phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, performing liquid-phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment for 15min by using the stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step through a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a carbon-containing 'expansion' alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and further the surface of the 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel has high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The concrete implementation mode is fifteen:
in an acetone + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, acetone is used as a carbon source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 800ml of ethylene glycol, 2g of potassium chloride and 200ml of deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 300V by adopting a direct current high-voltage power supply and taking 1Cr17 ferrite stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, putting the pretreated 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and in a liquid-phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, performing liquid-phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment for 6min by using the stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step through a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a carbon-containing 'expansion' alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and further the surface of the 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel has high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
The specific implementation mode is sixteen:
in an acetone + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, acetone is used as a carbon source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 400ml ethylene glycol +2g potassium chloride +600ml deionized water; secondly, generating a stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 450V by adopting a direct current high-voltage power supply and taking 1Cr17 ferrite stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode; thirdly, putting the pretreated 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and in a liquid-phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, performing liquid-phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment for 10min by using the stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step through a one-step method, so that a modified layer mainly composed of a carbon-containing 'expansion' alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and further the surface of the 1Cr17 ferritic stainless steel has high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
In summary, the following steps: a method for rapidly preparing an 'expansion' alpha phase on the surface of a metal material relates to a method for rapidly obtaining a modified layer with high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance on the surface of the metal material. The metal material aims to solve the problems of low hardness and poor wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the existing body-centered cubic or body-centered tetragonal structure metal material. The main method comprises the following steps: preparing an electrolyte system consisting of a seepage source, an electrolyte, water and the like, wherein the seepage source is organic matters such as urea, formamide, ethylene glycol, glycerol and the like, or the seepage source is inorganic matters such as ammonia water, sodium cyanide, barium carbonate, calcium carbonate, ammonium chloride and the like; the electrolyte is chloride or carbide; the water is deionized water; secondly, putting the pretreated metal material into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and generating a stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in the electrolytic liquid by using a direct current high-voltage power supply and taking the metal material to be treated as a cathode and a stainless steel plate or a graphite plate as an anode under certain process parameters such as treatment voltage or current density; thirdly, in the liquid phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, the stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step is utilized, and the liquid phase plasma electrolytic nitriding or carburizing or nitrocarburizing treatment is carried out on the metal material by adopting a one-step method or a two-step method, so that an expansion alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, and a modified layer with high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance is obtained on the surface of the metal material. The invention can quickly obtain a modified layer with hardness and corrosion resistance far higher than those of the matrix on the surface of the metal material, is suitable for surface strengthening of the metal material, and improves the hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance of the metal material.
Claims (2)
1. A method for rapidly preparing an expansion alpha phase on the surface of a metal material is characterized in that: the method for rapidly preparing the expansion alpha phase on the surface of the metal material comprises the following steps:
in a urea + potassium chloride + deionized water electrolyte system, urea is used as a nitrocarburizing source, potassium chloride is used as an electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 50g of urea, 3g of potassium chloride and 1000ml of deionized water;
secondly, generating a stable liquid-phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 180V by adopting a direct-current high-voltage power supply and taking 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode;
thirdly, the pretreated 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel is placed in the electrolyte prepared in the first step, in a liquid-phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, the stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step is utilized, liquid-phase plasma electrolytic nitrocarburizing treatment is carried out for 2min by adopting a one-step method, and then a modified layer mainly composed of a nitrocarbon expansion alpha phase can be rapidly prepared on the surface of the metal material, so that the 2Cr13 martensitic stainless steel surface obtains high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
2. A method for rapidly preparing an expansion alpha phase on the surface of a metal material is characterized in that: the method for rapidly preparing the expansion alpha phase on the surface of the metal material comprises the following steps:
in an electrolyte system of ethylene glycol, potassium chloride and deionized water, the electrolyte system takes ethylene glycol as a carbon source and potassium chloride as electrolyte, and the electrolyte comprises the following components: 800ml of ethylene glycol, 2g of potassium chloride and 200ml of deionized water;
secondly, generating a stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon in electrolytic liquid under the voltage of 250V by adopting a direct current high-voltage power supply and taking 1Cr17 ferrite stainless steel as a cathode and a graphite plate as an anode;
thirdly, putting the pretreated 1Cr17 ferrite stainless steel into the electrolyte prepared in the first step, and in a liquid phase plasma electrolytic infiltration device, performing liquid phase plasma electrolytic carburization for 6min by using the stable liquid phase plasma glow discharge phenomenon formed in the second step, so as to quickly prepare a modified layer mainly composed of a carbon-containing 'expansion' alpha phase on the surface of the metal material, and further enable the surface of the 1Cr17 ferrite stainless steel to obtain high hardness, high wear resistance and corrosion resistance.
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