CN110643804A

CN110643804A - Spring heat treatment equipment

Info

Publication number: CN110643804A
Application number: CN201910924438.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 施家瑞; 刘海军; 孔宁东
Original assignee: Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University
Current assignee: Jiyang College of Zhejiang A&F University
Priority date: 2019-09-27
Filing date: 2019-09-27
Publication date: 2020-01-03

Abstract

The invention discloses a spring heat treatment device which comprises a ceramic tube, wherein an upper branch tube and a lower branch tube which are vertical to an axis are arranged on the side wall of the ceramic tube; the induction heating part surrounds the outside of the ceramic tube; the upper end and the lower end of one side surface of the sliding plate are respectively provided with a control part for controlling the ceramic tube to be communicated with the outside, and the control part comprises a push rod and a piston which is fixed on the push rod and is used for extending into the ceramic tube; wherein: the induction heating part is arranged between the upper branch pipe and the lower branch pipe, the upper branch pipe is connected with the vacuumizing part, and the lower branch pipe is connected with the cooling part. The invention has the advantages that: after the spring is placed in the ceramic tube, the spring is heated quickly and uniformly to a set temperature by setting the induction heating device under a vacuum condition, so that the spring fully utilizes the potential of the material of the spring to realize the best mechanical property, is environment-friendly and nonhazardous, and has high heating efficiency on the spring.

Description

Spring heat treatment equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to spring processing equipment, in particular to spring heat treatment equipment.

Background

Most of the existing heat treatment machines are simulated Soviet Union equipment of 50-70 years, and the proportion occupied by the periodic furnace is high. The continuous heating equipment is less in quantity, the production efficiency is lower, the production energy consumption ratio is high, the number of air furnaces is more, the number of atmosphere furnaces is less, the condition of oxidation and decarburization of the surface of a workpiece is serious, the quality cannot be guaranteed, the automation degree is lower, the quality of a product is greatly influenced by human factors, the ratio of a salt bath furnace is higher, the condition of work is dirty and poor, the environment is seriously damaged, most of equipment is equipment before 30 years, and the equipment is serious in aging and damage. Low production efficiency, serious heat loss and high operation cost. Chinese utility model publication No. CN2596707 discloses a plate spring medium frequency induction heating device for spring heat treatment. It is composed of coil, magnetizer, cooling water jacket, heat-insulating layer and wiring board. Wherein, the coil is a double-saddle multi-group and multi-turn copper tube wound according to a specific mode; the magnetizer is a silicon steel sheet (group) with a specific shape; the cooling water jacket is used for cooling the magnetic conductor. The device is a novel medium-frequency induction heating device which can form a transverse magnetic field heating mode on a plate spring, but the heat treatment of the spring is only carried out in a medium-frequency heating mode, and the heating speed is low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a spring heat treatment device, which can effectively solve the problems of low efficiency and low speed in common induction heating by extracting air in a ceramic tube and then carrying out induction heating.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:

the equipment for heat treatment of the spring comprises a ceramic tube, wherein an upper branch tube and a lower branch tube which are vertical to an axis are arranged on the side wall of the ceramic tube; the induction heating part surrounds the outside of the ceramic tube; the upper end and the lower end of one side surface of the sliding plate are respectively provided with a control part for controlling the ceramic tube to be communicated with the outside, and the control part comprises a push rod and a piston which is fixed on the push rod and is used for extending into the ceramic tube; wherein: the induction heating part is arranged between the upper branch pipe and the lower branch pipe and covers the pipe body of the ceramic pipe, the effective heating area is large, the spring placed in the ceramic pipe can be sufficiently heated, the upper branch pipe is connected with the vacuumizing part, the lower branch pipe is connected with the cooling part, the vacuumizing part enables the spring to be heated in a vacuum environment, the heating stability of the spring is effectively improved, and the cooling part helps the spring to cool and finish the cooling step after heating.

Preferably, the opening at the upper end of the ceramic tube is an upper opening, the opening at the lower end of the ceramic tube is a lower opening, the push rod and the piston which are close to the upper opening are respectively an upper push rod and an upper piston, the push rod and the piston which are close to the lower opening are respectively a lower push rod and a lower piston, and the communication between the opening in the ceramic tube and the outside of the upper opening and the upper branch tube of the ceramic tube can be flexibly adjusted through the matching of the upper push rod and the upper piston; the lower push rod and the lower piston have the same principle, the structure is simple, the flexibility is strong, and the convenience of the equipment is improved.

Preferably, the induction heating part comprises an induction coil, and a cooling channel is arranged in the induction coil. The induction coil is a copper square tube, or the induction coil is a resistance heating wire; the ceramic tube is electrified to be heated after air is pumped to form a vacuum state, and the spring in the tube can be heated to a set temperature more quickly and uniformly under the vacuum condition, so that the durability and the surface hardness of the spring are improved; the cooling channel is communicated with an external water source, and after heating is finished, the induction coil is rapidly cooled to room temperature through water cooling, so that the next heating is facilitated.

Further, the induction coil is electrically connected with a transformer and a controller, the transformer supplies power to the induction coil through an external power supply, the transformer is connected, the current is increased through the transformer to supply power to the induction coil, the controller is used for setting the temperature and the time, and the temperature can be rapidly increased to a higher temperature through connecting the induction coil so as to carry out heat treatment on the spring.

Preferably, the vacuumizing part comprises an exhaust pipe, one end of the exhaust pipe is connected with the upper supporting pipe, the other end of the exhaust pipe is connected with a vacuum pump, and the vacuum pump pumps air in the ceramic pipe out through the exhaust pipe under the matching of the piston and the push rod to form a vacuum environment heating spring, so that the obtained spring crystal grains are fine, and the performance of the spring is effectively improved.

Preferably, the other side surface of the sliding plate is connected with a vertical plate through sliding, the bottom of the vertical plate is fixedly arranged in an oil groove, and the ceramic tube is fixedly arranged on the vertical plate through a clamping seat. The heat treatment processing of the spring can be carried out when the sliding plate slides to the position where the ceramic tube corresponds to the upper piston and the lower piston; the oil groove is internally provided with engine oil for cooling the heated spring.

Furthermore, two L-shaped sliding grooves are formed in the vertical plate, two hanging claws matched with the sliding grooves are arranged on the sliding plate, the sliding plate slides in the sliding grooves through the hanging claws, the sliding plate is adjusted to be aligned with the ceramic tubes on the vertical plate, the structure is simple, the using method is convenient and fast, and the practicability of the equipment is improved.

Further, hang the claw including colluding the piece, collude under the piece terminal surface and be close to slide department and be provided with inside sunken groove of hanging, the slide is in through hanging groove sliding connection on the longer one section of spout length, can stabilize firm the connection on the spout through hanging the groove, can nimble adjusting position when using, increased the convenience of equipment.

Preferably, the cooling part comprises an oil pipe, one end of the oil pipe is communicated with the lower support pipe, and the other end of the oil pipe extends into the oil groove. The oil groove is internally stored with engine oil, and the engine oil in the oil groove can enter the ceramic tube to cool the spring through air pressure difference after the ceramic tube is vacuumized and heated, so that the next operation is performed.

Preferably, the joints at the two ends of the upper branch pipe and the lower branch pipe are provided with sealing belts, and the sealing belts can prevent air or engine oil from leaking out of the pipes, so that the processing effect of the equipment is influenced, and the sealing performance of the equipment is improved.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:

after the spring is placed in the ceramic tube, the spring is heated quickly and uniformly to a set temperature through the arrangement of induction heating under a vacuum condition, and then the spring is cooled quickly to a room temperature in engine oil through air pressure difference, so that the performance of the spring is stabilized, the spring makes full use of the potential of the material of the spring to realize the best mechanical performance, the spring is environment-friendly and non-toxic, and the heating efficiency of the spring is high.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the main structure of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the main structure of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an induction coil of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is an enlarged sectional view of the lower branch pipe in the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the main structure of the skateboard of the present invention;

in the figure:

10. a ceramic tube; 11. an upper branch pipe; 12. a lower branch pipe; 13. an induction heating member; 14. a slide plate; 15. A control component; 16. a push rod; 17. a piston; 18. a vacuum-pumping component; 19. a cooling member; 20. an upper opening; 21. a lower opening; 22. a push rod is arranged; 23. an upper piston; 24. a lower push rod; 25. a lower piston; 26. An induction coil; 27. a cooling channel; 28. a transformer; 29. a controller; 30. an air exhaust pipe; 31. a vacuum pump; 32. a vertical plate; 33. an oil sump; 34. a card holder; 35. a chute; 36. hanging claws; 37. hooking the block; 38. Hanging a groove; 39. an oil pipe; 40. and (7) sealing the tape.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be considered as limiting the present invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; may be mechanically coupled, may be electrically coupled or may be in communication with each other; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

Referring to fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the apparatus for heat-treating a spring according to the present invention includes a ceramic tube 10, wherein an upper support tube 11 and a lower support tube 12 are disposed on a sidewall of the ceramic tube 10, and are perpendicular to an axis; an induction heating member 13, wherein the induction heating member 13 surrounds the outside of the ceramic tube 10; the upper end and the lower end of one side surface of the sliding plate 14 are respectively provided with a control part 15 for controlling the ceramic tube 10 to be communicated with the outside, and each control part 15 comprises a push rod 16 and a piston 17 which is fixed on the push rod 16 and is used for extending into the ceramic tube 10; wherein: induction heating part 13 sets up between upper branch pipe 11 and lower branch pipe 12, covers the ceramic pipe shaft, and effective heating region is big, can be to placing the abundant heating of the spring in the ceramic pipe, and upper branch pipe 11 is connected with evacuation part 18, and lower branch pipe 12 is connected with cooling part 19, and evacuation part makes the spring heat in the vacuum environment, the effectual stability that has increased the spring heating, cooling part helps the spring cooling to accomplish the cooling step after the heating. The opening at the upper end of the ceramic tube 10 is an upper opening 20, the opening at the lower end is a lower opening 21, the push rod and the piston close to the upper opening 20 are respectively an upper push rod 22 and an upper piston 23, the push rod and the piston close to the lower opening 21 are respectively a lower push rod 24 and a lower piston 25, and the communication between the opening of the upper opening of the ceramic tube and the opening of the upper branch tube in the ceramic tube and the outside can be flexibly adjusted through the matching of the upper push rod and the upper piston; the lower push rod and the lower piston have the same principle, and only the stretching of the push rod needs to be controlled in the subsequent vacuumizing environment and the spring cooling step, so that the structure is simple, the flexibility is high, and the convenience of equipment is improved. The other side of the sliding plate 14 is connected with a vertical plate 32 through sliding, the bottom of the vertical plate 32 is fixedly installed in an oil groove 33, and the ceramic tube 10 is fixedly installed on the vertical plate 32 through a clamping seat 34. The heat treatment processing of the spring can be carried out when the sliding plate slides to the position where the ceramic tube corresponds to the upper piston and the lower piston; the oil groove is internally provided with engine oil for cooling the heated spring.

Referring to fig. 2-3, the induction heating unit 13 includes an induction coil 26, a cooling channel 27 is provided in the induction coil 26, the induction coil is a copper square tube, or the induction coil is a resistance heating wire; the ceramic tube is electrified to be heated after air is pumped to form a vacuum state, and the spring in the tube can be heated to a set temperature more quickly and uniformly under the vacuum condition, so that the durability and the surface hardness of the spring are improved; the cooling channel is communicated with an external water source, and after heating is finished, the induction coil is cooled to room temperature through water cooling, so that the next heating is facilitated. The induction coil 26 is electrically connected to a transformer 28 and a controller 29, the transformer 28 supplies power to the induction coil 26 through an external power supply, the common power supply is generally only 220V, the current is not enough to heat the induction coil to the required temperature rapidly, so that a transformer is switched on, the current is increased through the transformer, the controller is used for setting the temperature and time, and the temperature can be rapidly increased to a higher temperature through switching on the induction coil so as to carry out heat treatment on the spring. The vacuumizing part 18 comprises an exhaust pipe 30, one end of the exhaust pipe 30 is connected with the upper branch pipe 11, the other end of the exhaust pipe is connected with a vacuum pump 31, the vacuum pump is matched with the piston and the push rod to plug the upper opening, the lower opening and the lower branch pipe, air in the ceramic pipe is pumped out through the exhaust pipe and the upper branch pipe, a vacuum environment heating spring is formed, the obtained spring crystal grains are fine, and the performance of the spring is effectively improved. The cooling part 19 comprises an oil pipe 39, one end of the oil pipe 39 is communicated with the lower branch pipe 12, the other end of the oil pipe extends into an oil groove 33, engine oil is stored in the oil groove, after the ceramic pipe is vacuumized and heated, the lower piston is withdrawn, the lower branch pipe is not blocked, an air pressure difference is formed between the inside and the outside, and the engine oil in the oil groove can enter the ceramic pipe to cool the spring, so that the next operation is carried out.

Referring to fig. 1-2, an embodiment of the apparatus for heat-treating a spring according to the present invention includes a ceramic tube 10, wherein an upper support tube 11 and a lower support tube 12 are disposed on a sidewall of the ceramic tube 10, and are perpendicular to an axis; an induction heating member 13, wherein the induction heating member 13 surrounds the outside of the ceramic tube 10; the upper end and the lower end of one side surface of the sliding plate 14 are respectively provided with a control part 15 for controlling the ceramic tube 10 to be communicated with the outside, and each control part 15 comprises a push rod 16 and a piston 17 which is fixed on the push rod 16 and is used for extending into the ceramic tube 10; wherein: induction heating part 13 sets up between upper branch pipe 11 and lower branch pipe 12, covers the ceramic pipe shaft, and effective heating region is big, can be to placing the abundant heating of the spring in the ceramic pipe, and upper branch pipe 11 is connected with evacuation part 18, and lower branch pipe 12 is connected with cooling part 19, and evacuation part makes the spring heat in the vacuum environment, the effectual stability that has increased the spring heating, cooling part helps the spring cooling to accomplish the cooling step after the heating. The opening at the upper end of the ceramic tube 10 is an upper opening 20, the opening at the lower end is a lower opening 21, the push rod and the piston close to the upper opening 20 are respectively an upper push rod 22 and an upper piston 23, the push rod and the piston close to the lower opening 21 are respectively a lower push rod 24 and a lower piston 25, and the communication between the opening of the upper opening of the ceramic tube and the opening of the upper branch tube in the ceramic tube and the outside can be flexibly adjusted through the matching of the upper push rod and the upper piston; the lower push rod and the lower piston have the same principle, and only the stretching of the push rod needs to be controlled in the subsequent vacuumizing environment and the spring cooling step, so that the structure is simple, the flexibility is high, and the convenience of equipment is improved.

Referring to fig. 2-5, the other side surface of the sliding plate 14 is connected with a vertical plate 32 through sliding, the bottom of the vertical plate 32 is fixedly installed in an oil groove 33, and the ceramic tube 10 is fixedly installed on the vertical plate 32 through a clamping seat 34. The heat treatment processing of the spring can be carried out when the sliding plate slides to the position where the ceramic tube corresponds to the upper piston and the lower piston; the oil groove is internally provided with engine oil for cooling the heated spring. The vertical plate 32 is provided with two L-shaped sliding grooves 35, the sliding plate 14 is provided with two hanging claws 36 matched with the sliding grooves 35, the sliding plate slides in the sliding grooves through the hanging claws, the sliding plate is adjusted to be aligned with the ceramic tubes on the vertical plate or staggered with the ceramic tubes, the structure is simple, the use method is convenient and fast, and the practicability of the equipment is improved; hang claw 36 and include colluding piece 37, collude piece 37 lower terminal surface and be provided with inside sunken groove 38 of hanging near slide 14 department, slide 14 through hang groove 38 sliding connection on the longer one section of spout 35 length, can stabilize firm connection on the spout through hanging groove and spout lock, can nimble adjusting position when using, increased the convenience of equipment. The joints at the two ends of the upper branch pipe 11 and the lower branch pipe 12 are respectively provided with a sealing strip 40, and the sealing strips can prevent air or engine oil from leaking out of the pipes, so that the processing effect of the equipment is influenced, and the sealing performance of the equipment is improved.

When the device is used, the sliding plate is slid to the rightmost side of the L-shaped sliding groove, the lower piston is aligned to the lower end of the ceramic tube, the lower push rod is controlled to stretch the lower piston into the ceramic tube, the opening of the lower branch tube in the ceramic tube is blocked, after a spring to be processed is placed, the upper push rod is controlled to enable the upper piston to block the upper opening but not block the opening of the upper branch tube in the ceramic tube, a vacuum pump is started to pump air in the ceramic tube out through the air suction tube, and a vacuum environment is manufactured; the upper piston is pushed to block the opening of the upper branch pipe in the ceramic pipe, a power supply is switched on to turn on the induction heating component to heat the spring, the temperature and the time are set through the controller, after the heating is finished, the lower piston does not block the opening of the lower branch pipe in the ceramic pipe, but still blocks the lower opening, and because the ceramic pipe is in a vacuum state, the atmospheric pressure can press the engine oil in the oil groove into the ceramic pipe through the oil pipe to rapidly cool the spring; the upper push rod is controlled to withdraw the piston from the ceramic tube, air flows in, the engine oil flows back to the oil tank from the lower branch pipe under the action of gravity, the lower piston is controlled to withdraw from the ceramic tube only by heating once, and the spring directly falls into the oil tank from the lower opening of the ceramic tube for cooling; when heating is needed for many times, the lower piston is retreated to block the lower opening but not block the lower branch pipe, then the heating process can be carried out again, and when the heating process is finished, the sliding plate slides to the leftmost side of the L-shaped sliding groove, so that the spring workpiece falls into the oil groove.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes or modifications within the technical field of the present invention by those skilled in the art are covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An apparatus for heat treating springs, comprising: comprises that

The ceramic tube (10), the sidewall of the said ceramic tube (10) is equipped with the upper branch tube (11) and lower branch tube (12) perpendicular to axis;

the induction heating part (13), the induction heating part (13) surrounds the outside of the ceramic tube (10);

the ceramic tube sealing device comprises a sliding plate (14), wherein the upper end and the lower end of one side surface of the sliding plate (14) are respectively provided with a control part (15) used for controlling the ceramic tube (10) to be communicated with the outside, and each control part (15) comprises a push rod (16) and a piston (17) fixed on the push rod (16) and used for extending into the ceramic tube (10);

wherein: the induction heating component (13) is arranged between the upper branch pipe (11) and the lower branch pipe (12), the upper branch pipe (11) is connected with a vacuumizing component (18), and the lower branch pipe (12) is connected with a cooling component (19).

2. The spring heat treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the opening at the upper end of the ceramic tube (10) is an upper opening (20), the opening at the lower end of the ceramic tube is a lower opening (21), the push rod and the piston close to the upper opening (20) are an upper push rod (22) and an upper piston (23) respectively, and the push rod and the piston close to the lower opening (21) are a lower push rod (24) and a lower piston (25) respectively.

3. The spring heat treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the induction heating part (13) comprises an induction coil (26), and a cooling channel (27) is arranged in the induction coil (26).

4. The spring heat treatment apparatus of claim 3, wherein: the induction coil (26) is electrically connected with a transformer (28) and a controller (29), and the transformer (28) supplies power to the induction coil (26) through an external power supply.

5. The spring heat treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the vacuumizing part (18) comprises an exhaust pipe (30), one end of the exhaust pipe (30) is connected with the upper branch pipe (11), and the other end of the exhaust pipe is connected with a vacuum pump (31).

6. The spring heat treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the other side surface of the sliding plate (14) is connected with a vertical plate (32) in a sliding mode, the bottom of the vertical plate (32) is fixedly installed in an oil groove (33), and the ceramic tube (10) is fixedly installed on the vertical plate (32) through a clamping seat (34).

7. The spring heat treatment apparatus of claim 6, wherein: two L-shaped sliding grooves (35) are formed in the vertical plate (32), and two hanging claws (36) matched with the sliding grooves (35) are arranged on the sliding plate (14).

8. The spring heat treatment apparatus of claim 7, wherein: hang claw (36) including colluding piece (37), collude piece (37) lower terminal surface and be provided with inside sunken string groove (38) near slide (14), slide (14) through hanging groove (38) sliding connection in slide groove (35) length is longer on one section.

9. The spring heat treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the cooling part (19) comprises an oil pipe (39), one end of the oil pipe (39) is communicated with the lower branch pipe (12), and the other end of the oil pipe (39) extends into the oil groove (33).

10. The spring heat treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein: sealing belts (40) are arranged at the joints of the two ends of the upper branch pipe (11) and the lower branch pipe (12).