CN110643453A - Method for preparing distiller's yeast by using brewing waste - Google Patents
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12G—WINE; PREPARATION THEREOF; ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES; PREPARATION OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES NOT PROVIDED FOR IN SUBCLASSES C12C OR C12H
- C12G3/00—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages
- C12G3/02—Preparation of other alcoholic beverages by fermentation
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Genetics & Genomics (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing distiller's yeast by utilizing brewing wastes, which comprises a, washing rice, adding water, soaking for 40-50 minutes, draining, and cooking for 40-50 minutes to obtain steamed rice with the water content of 30-40% for later use; b. mashing fresh tender shoots, stems and leaves of herba Achilleae, Hebei Indigofera tinctoria, litsea cubeba, olive leaves and Melastoma dodecandrum into paste for later use; c. extracting pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, radix Rhodiolae, rhizoma Bletillae, fructus crataegi, radix astragali and folium Trichosanthis to obtain compound extractive solution; d. b, uniformly mixing the product obtained in the step b with fresh vinasse, steamed rice, a composite extracting solution, a yeast liquid and a rhizopus mother fungus liquid, and then fermenting; the distiller's yeast is prepared by utilizing the waste distiller's grains for brewing wine and adding specific Chinese medicinal materials, the prepared distiller's yeast has the functions of inhibiting the growth of infectious microbes, promoting the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms and promoting beneficial metabolism, the saccharifying power and the liquefying power of the distiller's yeast are greatly improved, and the liquefying power and the saccharifying power of the distiller's yeast can be improved by over 45 percent, so that the aims of improving the bouquet of the distiller's wine, improving the mouthfeel of the distiller's wine and improving the wine yield are fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of brewing, in particular to a method for preparing distiller's yeast by utilizing brewing wastes.
Background
Adding Aspergillus spore into the cooked rice, and keeping the temperature to grow luxuriant hypha, i.e. distiller's yeast. Since rice starch is saccharified by the powerful action of amylase of koji molds, it has been used for brewing wine, liqueur and the like since ancient times as a raw material for sugar together with malt. The vinasse is one of the brewing wastes, and contains abundant proteins and crude starch, and also contains microelements such as cellulose and pentosan. In the prior art, the vinasse is often treated as a feed or thrown away, and the vinasse is not deeply processed and utilized, so that the ecological environment is polluted, and the waste of resources is also caused. Meanwhile, various medicinal materials are often added in the traditional brewing and yeast making in China. However, the traditional Chinese medicinal material starter propagation has the problems of easy breeding of mixed bacteria, inconsistent growth of strains, poor taste and fragrance and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a method for preparing distiller's yeast by using brewing waste, which not only reduces resource waste, but also improves brewing quality and taste.
The method for preparing the distiller's yeast by utilizing the brewing waste comprises the following steps: a. washing rice, soaking in water for 40-50 min, draining, and steaming for 40-50 min to obtain steamed rice with water content of 30-40%;
b. mashing fresh tender shoots, stems and leaves of herba Achilleae, Hebei Indigofera tinctoria, litsea cubeba, olive leaves and Melastoma dodecandrum into paste for later use;
c. extracting pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, radix Rhodiolae, rhizoma Bletillae, fructus crataegi, radix astragali and folium Trichosanthis to obtain compound extractive solution;
d. and c, uniformly mixing the product obtained in the step b with fresh vinasse, steamed rice, a composite extracting solution, a yeast liquid and a rhizopus mother fungus liquid, and then fermenting.
Further, the weight ratio of rice: vinasse: the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are 90: 10: 3, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of goldenrod herb, 10-20 parts of Hebei Indigofera aberry, 10-20 parts of Melastoma dodecandrum, 5-15 parts of litsea cubeba, 1-5 parts of orange peel, 1-5 parts of rhodiola rosea, 1-5 parts of lily, 1-3 parts of hawthorn, 3-7 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 1-3 parts of piper betel leaves and 1-3 parts of olive leaves;
further, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of rabbit ears-herba solidaginis, 15 parts of Hebei Indigofera tinctoria, 15 parts of Melastoma dodecandrum, 10 parts of litsea cubeba, 3 parts of orange peel, 3 parts of rhodiola rosea, 3 parts of lily, 2 parts of hawthorn, 5 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 2 parts of piper betel leaves and 2 parts of olive leaves;
further, the vinasse contains 60-70% of water and 10-15% of starch;
furthermore, the yeast bacterial liquid contains 3 x 10 per milliliter5-5ⅹ105The yeast contains 3 x 10 per ml of rhizopus strain mother liquor5-5ⅹ105Rhizopus.
The method for preparing the distiller's yeast by utilizing the brewing wastes utilizes the spent grains and adds specific traditional Chinese medicinal materials to prepare the distiller's yeast, the process is simple, the prepared distiller's yeast has the functions of inhibiting the growth of mixed bacteria, promoting the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms and promoting beneficial metabolism, the saccharifying power and the liquefying power of the distiller's yeast are greatly improved, and both the liquefying power and the saccharifying power of the distiller's yeast can be improved by over 45 percent, so that the aims of improving the bouquet and the mouthfeel of wine and improving the wine yield are fulfilled.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a method for preparing distiller's yeast by utilizing brewing wastes, wherein the raw materials of the composite distiller's yeast comprise rice, distiller's grains and traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and the method comprises the following steps: a. washing rice, soaking in water for 40-50 min, draining, and steaming for 40-50 min to obtain steamed rice with water content of 30-40%;
b. mashing fresh tender shoots, stems and leaves of herba Achilleae, Hebei Indigofera tinctoria, litsea cubeba, olive leaves and Melastoma dodecandrum into paste for later use;
c. extracting pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, radix Rhodiolae, rhizoma Bletillae, fructus crataegi, radix astragali and folium Trichosanthis to obtain compound extractive solution;
d. b, uniformly mixing the product obtained in the step b with fresh vinasse, steamed rice, a composite extracting solution, a yeast liquid and a rhizopus mother fungus liquid, and then fermenting; the fermentation mode adopts a conventional distiller's yeast fermentation mode, the prepared distiller's yeast has the functions of inhibiting the growth of mixed bacteria, promoting the growth and reproduction of beneficial microorganisms and promoting beneficial metabolism, the saccharifying power and the liquefying power of the distiller's yeast are greatly improved, and both the liquefying power and the saccharifying power of the distiller's yeast can be improved by more than 45 percent, so that the purposes of improving the bouquet and the taste of wine and improving the wine yield are achieved.
In the embodiment, the weight ratio of rice: vinasse: the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are 90: 10: 3, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of goldenrod herb, 10-20 parts of Hebei Indigofera aberry, 10-20 parts of Melastoma dodecandrum, 5-15 parts of litsea cubeba, 1-5 parts of orange peel, 1-5 parts of rhodiola rosea, 1-5 parts of lily, 1-3 parts of hawthorn, 3-7 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 1-3 parts of piper betel leaves and 1-3 parts of olive leaves; the distiller's grains belong to brewing wastes, residual starch, organic acid and the like in the distiller's grains can be used as carbon sources of microorganisms in starter propagation, the pH value of a starter material can be adjusted, the functions of beneficial microorganism growth and reproduction and beneficial metabolism promotion under a proper acidity condition are ensured, the growth of mixed bacteria is inhibited, and VB and P elements in the distiller's grains are beneficial to promoting thallus growth and enzyme metabolism and saccharification and fermentation in the starter propagation process. The added traditional Chinese medicinal materials and the vinasse are matched to act, so that the growth of mixed bacteria is inhibited, the growth and metabolism of beneficial microorganisms are promoted, new functional components are generated through conversion, the liquefying power and the saccharifying power of the yeast are improved, and the flavor of a wine-making product is improved. The added raw material components and proportion have great influence on the saccharifying power and liquefying power of the distiller's yeast, not all traditional Chinese medicinal materials meet the requirements of starter propagation, but not all traditional Chinese medicinal materials are suitable for starter propagation and achieve the effect of improving the liquefying power and the liquefying power, and the addition of some traditional Chinese medicines aims to reduce the saccharifying power and the liquefying power, for example, Chinese angelica, hawthorn, orange peel, lily bulb and the like have the obvious effect of reducing the liquefying power, and the liquefying power is reduced by 40-50% due to the addition of about 0.4%. The traditional Chinese medicine has obvious effect of reducing the saccharifying force, the proportion of the added traditional Chinese medicine formula can also influence the saccharifying force and liquefying force of starter propagation, for example, in the invention, the effect of liquefying force and saccharifying force can be influenced when the dosage of the laggera lanceolata, the northeast China wood blue, the melastoma dodecandrum and the litsea cubeba is too large or too small, and when the proportion is not proper, the saccharifying force and liquefying force of starter propagation can be reduced. In the invention, although the angelica, the hawthorn, the orange peel and the lily have the obvious effect of reducing the liquefying force, the defects of low liquefying force and saccharifying force of the distiller's yeast are overcome under the matching of the raw material components, the saccharifying force and liquefying force of the distiller's yeast are integrally enhanced, and the growth of mixed bacteria can be inhibited, the growth and metabolism of beneficial microorganisms are promoted, and new functional components are generated through conversion.
Baicaoshen: the leaf of rabbit-ear-herba solidaginis is like olive, the edge is prickled, only seven and eight leaves are attached to the ground, August stem is drawn, the height is large and short, the flower is like cypress spike but has bud thorn, and the stem leaf has hair;
litsea cubeba (scientific name: Litsea mollis Hemsl.) is a plant of the genus Litsea of Lauraceae, deciduous shrub or small arbor, up to 4 meters; the bark is green, the twigs are grayish brown and have soft hair. Leaf intertrigo or branch top, long round or oval, dark green upper surface, pale green lower surface, pinnate vein, axillary growth of umbelliform inflorescence, yellow flower quilt, and fruit ball shape;
hebei Indigofera tinctoria Walp is a leguminous plant, and can reach a height of 100 cm. Stem brown, cylindrical, feathery, compound leaf; the leaf axis is provided with a groove, the leaf supporting triangle is formed by oppositely arranging small leaves, the leaves are elliptical, slightly inverted and oval, the upper side is green, the lower side is pale green, the general inflorescence is axillary, and the total pedicel is shorter than the petiole; the shape of bract is linear, the sepal teeth are nearly equal, the triangle is in the shape of a needle, the corolla is purple or purple red, the flag valve is wide and inverted oval, the petal is as long as the keel valve, and the keel valve is spaced; anther is round and linear in ovary, and hair is removed. Pod brown, seed oval;
melastoma dodecandrum (Latin name: Melastoma dodecandrum Lour.) is a creeping shrub of Melastomataceae, Melastoma dodecandrum, with a length of 10-30 cm; the young are rough and carefree; the leaves are stiff paper, oval or elliptical; parasol inflorescence, top growth, light purple-red to purple-red petals, rhombus inverted egg shape;
piper betel L, a climbing vine of the genus Piper of the family Piperaceae; the branches are slightly woody and the nodes are rooted. The leaf is paper to be nearly leathery, is wide in egg shape to oval-shaped and long in round shape, the top end is tapered, the two sides are equal to slightly different, the ventral surface is unhaired, the uppermost 1 pair of leaf veins is usually opposite, and the reticular veins are obvious; the petiole is covered by extremely fine powdery short soft hair; parthenocarpy, a heterogynic plant, aggregates into panicles that are leaf-specific.
In the embodiment, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of rabbit ears-herba solidaginis, 15 parts of Hebei Indigofera tinctoria, 15 parts of Melastoma dodecandrum, 10 parts of litsea cubeba, 3 parts of orange peel, 3 parts of rhodiola rosea, 3 parts of lily, 2 parts of hawthorn, 5 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 2 parts of piper betel leaves and 2 parts of olive leaves; is a preferred embodiment.
In the embodiment, the vinasse is fresh vinasse with the water content of 60-70% and the starch content of 10-15%;
in this example, the rabbitia pubescens, the hebeimu blue, the litsea cubeba, the olea europaea and the melastoma dodecandrum are all fresh tender shoots, stems and leaves.
In this example, 3 x 10 of yeast suspension and 3 x 10 of Rhizopus mother bacteria per ml of yeast suspension were also included5-5ⅹ105The yeast contains 3 x 10 per ml of rhizopus strain mother liquor5-5ⅹ105Rhizopus.
Example one
In the method for preparing the distiller's yeast by using the brewing waste, the raw materials of the composite distiller's yeast comprise rice, distiller's grains and traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and the weight ratio of the rice: vinasse: the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are 90: 10: 3, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of goldenrod herb, 10 parts of Hebei Indigofera tinctoria, 10 parts of Melastoma dodecandrum lour, 5 parts of litsea cubeba, 1 part of orange peel, 1 part of rhodiola rosea, 1 part of lily, 1 part of hawthorn, 3 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 1 part of piper betel leaf and 1 part of olive leaf.
Example two
In the method for preparing the distiller's yeast by using the brewing waste, the raw materials of the composite distiller's yeast comprise rice, distiller's grains and traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and the weight ratio of the rice: vinasse: the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are 90: 10: 3, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of goldenrod herb, 20 parts of Hebei Indigofera tinctoria, 20 parts of Melastoma dodecandrum lour, 15 parts of litsea cubeba, 5 parts of orange peel, 5 parts of rhodiola rosea, 5 parts of lily, 3 parts of hawthorn, 7 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 3 parts of piper betel leaves and 3 parts of olive leaves.
EXAMPLE III
In the method for preparing the distiller's yeast by using the brewing waste, the raw materials of the composite distiller's yeast comprise rice, distiller's grains and traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and the weight ratio of the rice: vinasse: the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are 90: 10: 3, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 10 parts of goldenrod herb, 20 parts of Hebei Indigofera tinctoria, 10 parts of Melastoma dodecandrum lour, 15 parts of litsea cubeba, 1 part of orange peel, 5 parts of rhodiola rosea, 1 part of lily, 3 parts of hawthorn, 3 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 3 parts of piper betel leaves and 1 part of olive leaves.
Example four
In the method for preparing the distiller's yeast by using the brewing waste, the raw materials of the composite distiller's yeast comprise rice, distiller's grains and traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and the weight ratio of the rice: vinasse: the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are 90: 10: 3, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 20 parts of rabbit-ear-herba solidaginis, 10 parts of Hebei Indigofera tinctoria, 20 parts of Melastoma dodecandrum lour, 5 parts of litsea cubeba, 5 parts of orange peel, 1 part of rhodiola rosea, 5 parts of lily, 1 part of hawthorn, 7 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 1 part of piper betel leaves and 3 parts of olive leaves.
EXAMPLE five
In the method for preparing the distiller's yeast by using the brewing waste, the raw materials of the composite distiller's yeast comprise rice, distiller's grains and traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and the weight ratio of the rice: vinasse: the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are 90: 10: 3, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of goldenrod herb, 10 parts of Hebei Indigofera tinctoria, 20 parts of Melastoma dodecandrum lour, 10 parts of litsea cubeba, 1 part of orange peel, 5 parts of rhodiola rosea, 3 parts of lily, 1 part of hawthorn, 7 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 2 parts of piper betel leaves and 1 part of olive leaves.
EXAMPLE six
In the method for preparing the distiller's yeast by using the brewing waste, the raw materials of the composite distiller's yeast comprise rice, distiller's grains and traditional Chinese medicinal materials, and the weight ratio of the rice: vinasse: the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are 90: 10: 3, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of goldenrod herb, 10-20 parts of Hebei Indigofera aberry, 10-20 parts of Melastoma dodecandrum, 5-15 parts of litsea cubeba, 1-5 parts of orange peel, 1-5 parts of rhodiola rosea, 1-5 parts of lily, 1-3 parts of hawthorn, 3-7 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 1-3 parts of piper betel leaves and 1-3 parts of olive leaves.
Examples of the experiments
Sample 1: example 1
Sample 2: rice: vinasse: the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are 90: 5: 1, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprise 15 parts of Tupistra chinensis Franch, 15 parts of Hebeimu caerulea, 15 parts of Melastoma dodecandrum, 10 parts of litsea cubeba, 3 parts of radix codonopsitis and 3 parts of rhodiola rosea;
sample 3: rice: vinasse: the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are 90: 20: 5, the Chinese medicinal materials comprise 5 parts of rhodiola rosea, 7 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 3 parts of piper betel leaves and 3 parts of olive leaves;
blank group: traditional rice koji.
The bacterial suspension types and the inoculation amounts are the same, other experimental conditions are the same, and the detection results of the indexes of the distiller's yeast are as follows:
therefore, the yeast raw material can greatly improve the saccharifying power and liquefying power of the yeast, and the addition of the raw material promotes the functions of promoting the growth and the reproduction of beneficial microorganisms and promoting beneficial metabolism from the weight loss of the substrate.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for preparing distiller's yeast by using brewing wastes is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
a. washing rice, soaking in water for 40-50 min, draining, and steaming for 40-50 min to obtain steamed rice with water content of 30-40%;
b. mashing fresh tender shoots, stems and leaves of herba Achilleae, Hebei Indigofera tinctoria, litsea cubeba, olive leaves and Melastoma dodecandrum into paste for later use;
c. extracting pericarpium Citri Tangerinae, radix Rhodiolae, rhizoma Bletillae, fructus crataegi, radix astragali and folium Trichosanthis to obtain compound extractive solution;
d. and c, uniformly mixing the product obtained in the step b with fresh vinasse, steamed rice, a composite extracting solution, a yeast liquid and a rhizopus mother fungus liquid, and then fermenting.
2. The method for preparing distiller's yeast by using brewing waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: rice in weight ratio: vinasse: the traditional Chinese medicinal materials are 90: 10: 3, the traditional Chinese medicinal materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of goldenrod herb, 10-20 parts of Hebei Indigofera aberry, 10-20 parts of Melastoma dodecandrum, 5-15 parts of litsea cubeba, 1-5 parts of orange peel, 1-5 parts of rhodiola rosea, 1-5 parts of lily, 1-3 parts of hawthorn, 3-7 parts of astragalus membranaceus, 1-3 parts of piper betel leaves and 1-3 parts of olive leaves.
3. The method for preparing distiller's yeast by using brewing waste as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the traditional Chinese medicine comprises the following components in parts by weight: 15 parts of goldenrod herb, 15 parts of Hebei Indigofera tinctoria, 15 parts of Melastoma dodecandrum, 10 parts of litsea cubeba, 3 parts of orange peel, 3 parts of rhodiola rosea, 3 parts of lily, 2 parts of hawthorn, 5 parts of astragalus mongholicus, 2 parts of betel leaf and 2 parts of olive leaf.
4. The method for preparing distiller's yeast by using brewing waste as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the water content of the vinasse is 60-70%, and the starch content is 10-15%.
5. The method for preparing distiller's yeast by using brewing waste as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the yeast bacterial liquid contains 3 x 10 per ml5-5ⅹ105The saccharomycete contains 3 x 10 parts per milliliter of rhizopus bacterial liquid5-5ⅹ105Rhizopus.
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