CN110642387A - Method for treating rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater based on vehicle-mounted treatment system microorganisms - Google Patents

Method for treating rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater based on vehicle-mounted treatment system microorganisms Download PDF

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CN110642387A
CN110642387A CN201911034143.3A CN201911034143A CN110642387A CN 110642387 A CN110642387 A CN 110642387A CN 201911034143 A CN201911034143 A CN 201911034143A CN 110642387 A CN110642387 A CN 110642387A
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tank
ammonia nitrogen
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water
vehicle
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CN110642387B (en
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王明兹
冯鹏
吴钦缘
姚灵丹
陈必链
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Fuzhou Wenze Biotechnology Co ltd
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Fujian Normal University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
    • C02F3/325—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae as symbiotic combination of algae and bacteria
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/30—Aerobic and anaerobic processes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/16—Nitrogen compounds, e.g. ammonia
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/10—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from quarries or from mining activities
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • C02F2203/008—Mobile apparatus and plants, e.g. mounted on a vehicle
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F2209/02—Temperature
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/06—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment pH
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/14—NH3-N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for treating rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater by using microorganisms based on a vehicle-mounted treatment system. The method comprises the steps of firstly, conveying the high-pollution ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated and the photoautotrophy mixed bacterial liquid into a facultative tank; measuring the pH value, oxygen content and water temperature of tail water, aerating for 3-5 hours, continuously injecting the tail water to be treated, and allowing the tail water to sequentially flow into the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank through overflow holes step by step; the tail water treated by the aerobic tank is discharged outwards through an upper discharge pipe. The invention adopts a large or medium flat truck, has the characteristic of mobility, and can treat tail water at a short distance according to the characteristic of dispersed sites of tail water treatment. The treated tail water is superior to the requirement of the national emission standard of rare earth industrial pollutants. The ton treatment cost is extremely low, the benefit is extremely obvious, and the method is more convenient to popularize and apply.

Description

Method for treating rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater based on vehicle-mounted treatment system microorganisms
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for treating rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater by using microorganisms based on a vehicle-mounted treatment system.
Background
The ionic rare earth in south China is a valuable non-renewable important strategic resource, currently, an in-situ mineral leaching mining process is mainly adopted, ammonium sulfate is used as a mineral leaching agent, a large amount of tail water containing high-concentration ammonia nitrogen and waste water brought out by extravasation or rainwater (hereinafter referred to as ammonia nitrogen waste water) are remained after mining of mines, and the ammonia nitrogen waste water can affect local surface water quality for over ten years, so that a matched ammonia nitrogen purification treatment technology which is efficient, safe, economical and feasible is needed. The prior art for treating ammonia nitrogen wastewater at home and abroad mainly comprises an ammonia evaporation method, a breakpoint chlorine method, a chemical precipitation method, a reverse osmosis membrane method, a biological deamination method and the like, wherein the biological deamination method has relatively low cost, but the prior strain has high demand on carbon sources, rare earth tail water hardly contains carbon sources, needs to be supplemented with a large amount of sugar carbon sources, has very high cost and cannot be popularized and applied in industry. On the other hand, as the 'in-situ' ore leaching mining process is mainly adopted, the remained and discharged ammonia nitrogen tail water is dispersed, the centralized treatment engineering amount of the dispersed ammonia nitrogen tail water is larger, the investment cost is more, and the cost is high. Therefore, the environmental problem caused by ammonia nitrogen pollution becomes a critical problem in the whole industry which limits the development of the rare earth industry in China. The invention separates and breeds photoautotrophic microbe to use CO in air2The method is a carbon source, uses sunlight as an energy source, absorbs a large amount of ammonia nitrogen, synthesizes an organic carbon source and thalli for the growth and deamination of the subsequent nitrification and denitrification microorganisms, does not need any sugar supplement process, finally purifies the ammonia nitrogen in the rare earth mining sewage to be below 15mg/L required by the national emission standard of rare earth industrial pollutants (GB26451-2011), realizes no need of an additional sugar carbon source, radically reduces the treatment cost of the ammonia nitrogen, and lays a foundation for the healthy and stable development of the rare earth industry.
The deamination and denitrification reaction mechanism and the participating microorganism groups are as follows:
Figure BDA0002250966880000021
disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the condition of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method for treating rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater based on a vehicle-mounted treatment system microorganism, which can run for a long time, is convenient to move, can be repeatedly used and effectively plays a role in purifying water.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
which comprises the following steps:
(1) the method is characterized in that the relatively concentrated high-pollution ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated in the rare earth mining area is conveyed to a facultative tank of a vehicle-mounted treatment system through an external water pump, and the photoautotrophic mixed bacteria liquid is synchronously injected into the facultative tank through a bacteria liquid adding system.
The adding amount of the ammonia nitrogen wastewater and the photoautotrophic mixed bacterial liquid is 9: 1, in a volume ratio.
(2) After the facultative tank is filled with the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated and the photoautotrophic mixed bacteria liquid, a ventilating and mixing device in the vehicle-mounted treatment system is started, the water body in the facultative tank is continuously ventilated and stirred and uniformly mixed, and the dissolved oxygen in the water body is supplemented by the other purpose of ventilation.
(3) And after ventilating for 5-10 minutes, starting a monitoring control system in the vehicle-mounted treatment system, and measuring the pH value, the oxygen content and the water temperature of the water body in the facultative tank, wherein the water temperature is 18-35 ℃, the oxygen content is 1.0-2 mg/L, pH, the value is more than or equal to 6, and the normal range is met with the treatment requirement.
The temperature of the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated is generally not higher than 30 ℃. When the water temperature is low in winter, the monitoring control system starts the electric heater to improve the water temperature;
the flow rate of aeration is adjusted in real time within the range of 1.0-2 mg/L according to the required oxygen content;
when the pH value is less than 6, lime water or sodium bicarbonate water solution is added for adjustment.
(4) And after the water body index in the facultative tank meets the requirement, continuously ventilating for 24-100 hours, and measuring the ammonia nitrogen content in the facultative tank. When the ammonia nitrogen content of the facultative tank is less than 100mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated is injected into the facultative tank continuously, and when the ammonia nitrogen content of the facultative tank is more than or equal to 100mg/L, the continuous aeration time is prolonged until the ammonia nitrogen content is less than 100 mg/L.
The ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated is continuously injected into the facultative tank from beginning, and the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated which is conveyed into the facultative tank every day has the following volume:
Figure BDA0002250966880000031
wherein the volume V is the total volume of the treatment tank.
(5) In the process of continuously injecting the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated into the facultative tank, the water body of the facultative tank overflows into the anaerobic tank through the upper overflow holes between the facultative tank and the anaerobic tank, and after the anaerobic tank is filled with the ammonia nitrogen wastewater, the water body of the anaerobic tank overflows into the aerobic tank through the upper overflow holes between the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank.
(6) When a water body enters the anaerobic tank or the aerobic tank, the aeration mixing device arranged in the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank is automatically started to continuously aerate and stir the water body, and meanwhile, the control system also tracks and monitors the pH value of the water body in the anaerobic tank, ammonia nitrogen and water temperature data, and the pH value of the water body in the aerobic tank, ammonia nitrogen, oxygen content and water temperature data in real time.
The vehicle-mounted processing system monitors corresponding index data every 10min and displays the index data on the display screen.
When the ammonia nitrogen content of the facultative tank is greater than or equal to 100mg/L, or the ammonia nitrogen content of the anaerobic tank is greater than or equal to 50mg/L, or the ammonia nitrogen content of the aerobic tank is greater than or equal to 15mg/L, the bacteria liquid adding system in the vehicle-mounted treatment system automatically injects the photoautotrophic mixed bacteria liquid of a unit volume into the corresponding treatment tank until the ammonia nitrogen content in each treatment tank is lower than a set index.
The photosynthetic autotrophic mixed bacterial liquid in a unit volume accounts for 3% of the corresponding treatment pool by volume.
When the pH value of the tail water of the facultative tank, the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank is less than 6.0, the vehicle-mounted treatment system sends a pH adjusting agent instruction, and a pH adjusting agent storage tank dosing pump is automatically started to inject lime water or sodium bicarbonate water solution into the water body in the corresponding treatment tank so as to adjust the pH value. When the pH value reaches 7.0, the dosing is stopped. When the oxygen content of the facultative tank and the oxygen content of the aerobic tank are lower than 1.0mg/l or higher than 2.0mg/l, the aeration mixing device in the vehicle-mounted treatment system increases or decreases the aeration quantity of the corresponding treatment tank.
When the water temperature of the facultative tank, the anaerobic tank or the aerobic tank is lower than 18 ℃, the vehicle-mounted processing system sends out an instruction to start the electric heater so as to improve the water temperature.
(7) The ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated in the aerobic tank is discharged to the outside through an exhaust pipe on the tail water of the aerobic tank.
(8) And when the extraction of the relatively concentrated high-pollution ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated is finished, closing the ammonia nitrogen wastewater inlet water pump to be treated, simultaneously starting the facultative tank-anaerobic tank emptying water pump, pumping the water body in the facultative tank into the anaerobic tank, and finishing the extraction within 8-24 hours.
(9) And after 8-24 hours, closing the facultative tank-anaerobic tank emptying water pump, starting the anaerobic tank-aerobic tank emptying water pump at the same time, pumping the water body in the anaerobic tank into the aerobic tank, and finishing pumping within 6-18 hours.
(10) After extraction, staying for 5-24 hours, and then opening the aerobic tank tail water emptying lower valve to discharge the tail water in the aerobic tank outwards.
Through detection, the ammonia nitrogen content in the finally treated rare earth mining wastewater reaches 4mg/L at least and 14mg/L at most, and is superior to the requirement of 15mg/L in the national emission Standard of pollutants for the rare earth industry (GB 26451-2011).
The photosynthetic autotrophic bacteria liquid is formed by mixing autotrophic bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria in equal volume ratio.
The autotrophic bacteria refer to chlorella, scenedesmus, spirulina, porphyridium and haematococcus, and are mixed according to equal volume ratio.
The heterotrophic bacteria consist of rhodospirillum and vivipula, and are mixed according to the equal volume ratio.
The chlorella, scenedesmus, porphyridium and haematococcus are cultured by using BG11 culture medium, and the spirulina is cultured by using Zarrouk culture medium.
The photosynthetic bacteria such as rhodospirillum, green spirillum and the like are cultured by the following formula: NH (NH)4C1 1.0g，CH3COONa3.5g，MgC12 0.1g，CaC12 0.1g，KH2PO4 0.6g，K2HPO40.4g, 0.1g of yeast extract, 1000mI of water and 7.2 of pH value.
The vehicle-mounted treatment system (a vehicle-mounted device for treating rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater by using microorganisms, which is applied for another application on the same day) comprises a flat-bed truck, a wastewater treatment tank, a ventilation and mixing device, a bacterial liquid adding system, a temperature control system, a pH adjusting agent adding system and a monitoring and controlling system, wherein the wastewater treatment tank, a blower of the ventilation and mixing device, a bacterial liquid tank in the bacterial liquid system and a pH adjusting agent storage tank in the pH adjusting agent adding system are sequentially distributed on a flat-bed carriage of the flat-bed truck. The aeration mixing device, the pH adjusting medicament adding system and the liquid adding system are respectively connected with the treatment pool through corresponding gas conveying pipes, liquid conveying pipes and conveying pipes.
The wastewater treatment tank is formed by connecting a facultative tank, an anaerobic tank and an aerobic tank in series respectively; the facultative tank and the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank are connected through an upper overflow pipe, the facultative tank-anaerobic tank water pump and the anaerobic tank-aerobic tank water pump.
The aeration mixing device consists of an air blower, an air pipe and an aeration disc or an air delivery hole, wherein the aeration disc is distributed in the facultative tank and the anaerobic tank, the aeration is favorable for stirring water, and the air delivery hole is arranged at the bottom of the aerobic tank and is favorable for dissolving oxygen. The gas pipe is respectively connected with the aeration discs and the gas transmission holes at the bottoms of the facultative tank, the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank through an automatic control flow divider valve.
The fungus liquid addition system comprises fungus liquid jar, fungus liquid transfer pump, flowmeter, transfer line, is provided with the automatic control flow divider in the transfer line, and the transfer line that links to each other with the fungus liquid jar passes through the automatic control flow divider and opens respectively in facultative tank, anaerobism pond and aerobic tank.
The pH adjusting agent adding system is composed of a pH adjusting agent storage tank, a delivery pump, a delivery pipe and a flowmeter, wherein an automatic control diverter valve is arranged in the delivery pipe, and the delivery pipe connected with the storage tank is respectively opened in a facultative tank, an anaerobic tank and an aerobic tank through the automatic control diverter valve.
The monitoring control system consists of a monitoring system and a controller, and the controller is connected with the bacteria liquid adding system, the aeration mixing device and the pH adjusting agent adding system; the controller is provided with a microprocessor, wherein the microprocessor internally comprises a memory and an analog-to-digital converter, or the memory and the analog-to-digital converter are expanded outside the microprocessor according to requirements.
The monitoring system consists of an ammonia nitrogen on-line monitoring sensor, a pH value on-line monitoring sensor and a dissolved oxygen on-line monitoring sensor. The microprocessor is respectively connected with the ammonia nitrogen online monitoring sensor, the pH value online monitoring sensor and the dissolved oxygen online monitoring sensor, the microprocessor receives ammonia nitrogen content, pH value and dissolved oxygen data of the sensors at regular time, and the microprocessor determines whether to start a pH adjusting agent input pump in the pH adjusting agent adding system and an air blower in the aeration mixing device according to the obtained data. Meanwhile, a pH value on-line monitoring sensor monitors the pH value in real time, and once the excessive microprocessor is found, the pH adjusting agent is controlled to be added to correct the pH.
The ammonia nitrogen on-line monitoring sensor is positioned in the water body on the inner side wall of the facultative tank, the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank treatment tank, is connected with the microprocessor through a signal transmission lead, and sends concentration data to the microprocessor in real time. When the ammonia nitrogen concentration value reaches a set value, the microprocessor sends an instruction, the bacteria liquid infusion pump is started, and the bacteria liquid adding system automatically injects the photoautotrophic mixed bacteria liquid with a unit volume into the corresponding treatment pool, so that the bacteria liquid concentration and the action capacity in the water body of the treatment pool are improved.
The pH value on-line monitoring sensor is positioned in a water body on the inner side wall of the tail water treatment tank, is connected with the microprocessor through a signal transmission lead, and sends pH value data to the microprocessor in real time.
The dissolved oxygen on-line monitoring sensor is positioned in the water body on the inner side walls of the facultative tank and the aerobic tank, is connected with the microprocessor through a signal transmission lead, and sends dissolved oxygen data of the facultative tank and the aerobic tank to the microprocessor in real time.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention effectively monitors the treatment condition of the tail water of the wastewater in the wastewater system in real time through the ammonia nitrogen on-line monitoring sensor, the pH value on-line monitoring sensor and the dissolved oxygen on-line monitoring sensor which are assembled in the treatment system.
2. The invention adopts a large or medium flat truck, has the characteristic of mobility, can treat tail water at a short distance according to the characteristic of dispersed places of wastewater treatment, can transfer the tail water to another place after the treatment of one place is finished, and effectively avoids the investment of more construction funds caused by the concentration of the tail water. Meanwhile, the large or medium flat truck can directly provide a necessary working power supply for the wastewater treatment process, and the application environment is wider. And an environment-friendly treatment pool is not required to be additionally built, and the environmental vegetation is not damaged.
3. The treatment method provided by the invention has extremely obvious effect, the ammonia nitrogen index after treatment can be reduced to 5mg/L and only reaches 12mg/L at most, and the treatment method conforms to the national emission standard of rare earth industrial pollutants
(GB 26451-2011).
4. The treatment cost of the waste water per ton is extremely low, which is only one tenth of that of the existing microorganism sugar supplement treatment method, the benefit is extremely obvious, and the method is more convenient to popularize and apply.
Drawings
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of ammonia nitrogen wastewater treatment of a vehicle-mounted treatment system according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the design principle of the vehicle-mounted processing system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the design principle of a pH adjusting agent adding system in the vehicle-mounted processing system according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the design of the aeration mixing device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the design principle of the bacterial liquid adding system of the photoautotrophic mixed bacterial liquid according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic view of the working principle of the monitoring system and the controller in the monitoring and control system according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a better understanding of the present invention, reference will now be made to the following descriptions taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
In fig. 1, according to the technical solution of the present invention, it includes the following processes:
(1) conveying the relatively concentrated high-pollution ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated in the rare earth mining area to a facultative tank of a vehicle-mounted treatment system through an external water pump, and synchronously injecting the photoautotrophic mixed bacteria liquid into the facultative tank through a bacteria liquid adding system;
(2) starting a ventilation mixing device in the vehicle-mounted treatment system, and continuously ventilating, stirring and uniformly mixing the water body in the facultative tank;
(3) starting a monitoring control system in the vehicle-mounted processing system;
(4) the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated is continuously injected into the facultative tank from the beginning;
(5) the water body of the facultative tank overflows into the anaerobic tank through the overflow holes, and when the anaerobic tank is full, the water body of the anaerobic tank overflows into the aerobic tank through the overflow holes;
(6) the aeration mixing devices arranged in the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank are automatically started, and meanwhile, the control system also tracks and monitors the pH value of the water body of the anaerobic tank, ammonia nitrogen and water temperature data, the pH value of the water body in the aerobic tank, ammonia nitrogen, oxygen content and water temperature data in real time;
(7) the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated in the aerobic tank is discharged to the outside through an upper discharge pipe of the tail water of the aerobic tank;
(8) starting a facultative tank-anaerobic tank emptying water pump, and pumping the water body in the facultative tank into an anaerobic tank;
(9) starting an anaerobic tank-aerobic tank emptying water pump, and pumping the water body in the anaerobic tank into the aerobic tank;
(10) after extraction is finished, 5-24 hours are separated, and the tail water in the aerobic tank is discharged outwards by opening the tail water emptying lower valve of the aerobic tank.
In FIG. 2, 1 is an external water pump in the vehicle-mounted treatment system, and the relatively concentrated highly polluted ammonia nitrogen wastewater in the rare earth mining area is conveyed to the facultative tank through the external water pump (1); 2, a regulating agent conveying pipe in the pH regulating agent adding system, wherein the conveying pipe (2) is respectively arranged at the bottoms of the facultative tank, the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank; a facultative tank which is one of the wastewater treatment tanks; 4 is a facultative tank-anaerobic tank water pump; 5 are electric heaters which are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the facultative tank (3), the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank; 6 is an anaerobic tank; 7 is an anaerobic tank-aerobic tank water pump; 8 is an aerobic tank; 9 is an aeration disc of the aeration mixing device, which is respectively arranged at the bottom of the facultative tank (3), the anaerobic tank (6) and the aerobic tank (8); 10 is an upper overflow hole of the aerobic tank (8); 11 is a tail water discharge pipe of the aerobic tank (8); 12 is a pH-adjusting agent storage tank; 13 is a blower; 14 is a lower valve for emptying tail water of the aerobic tank (8); 15 is a tail water emptying discharge pipe of the aerobic tank (8); 16 is an upper overflow hole between the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank; 17 is an upper overflow hole between the facultative tank (3) and the anaerobic tank (6).
In FIG. 3, 12 is a pH-adjusting agent storage tank; 18 is a pH adjusting agent delivery pump; 19 is an automatically controlled diverter valve; 20 is an infusion tube; and 21 is a pH adjusting agent flow meter.
In fig. 4, 13 is a blower; 22 is a gas delivery pipe; 23 is an automatic control flow divider, 24 is an aeration disc, and 3 aeration discs are respectively arranged at the bottom of the facultative tank (3), the anaerobic tank (6) and the aerobic tank (8).
In FIG. 5, 25 is a mixed bacteria liquid storage tank; 26 is a mixed bacteria liquid conveying water pump; 27 is a mixed bacteria liquid flowmeter; 28 is one of the mixed bacteria liquid conveying pipes, and the mixed bacteria liquid conveying pipe (28) is opened in the facultative tank (3).
In fig. 6, 29 is an ammonia nitrogen on-line monitoring sensor in the monitoring system, and the ammonia nitrogen on-line monitoring sensor (29) is respectively arranged at the bottom of the facultative tank (3), the anaerobic tank (6) and the aerobic tank (8); 30 is a pH value on-line monitoring sensor which is respectively arranged at the bottom of the facultative tank (3), the anaerobic tank (6) and the aerobic tank (8); 31 are dissolved oxygen on-line monitoring sensors which are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the facultative tank (3) and the aerobic tank (8).
Example 1
1. Preparation of photoautotrophic mixed bacterial liquid
According to the technical scheme, autotrophic bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria are mixed in equal volume ratio for standby.
The autotrophic bacteria are Chlorella, Scenedesmus, Spirulina, Porphyromonas and Haematococcus.
The heterotrophic bacteria are Rhodospirillum and Lvospirillum.
The chlorella, scenedesmus, porphyridium and haematococcus are cultured by using BG11 culture medium, and the spirulina is cultured by using Zarrouk culture medium.
2. preparation of pH-regulating agent
Mixing quicklime and water according to the weight ratio of 1: 10, mixing and dissolving for later use.
3. Vehicle-mounted processing system
As shown in fig. 1, wherein: the specification of the facultative tank (3), the anaerobic tank (6) and the aerobic tank (8) is 3000mm (length) x 2000mm (width) x 2200mm (height); the height of the overflow pipe from the bottom of the pool to the upper part is 2000 mm.
The effective volumes of the facultative tank (3), the anaerobic tank (6) and the aerobic tank (8) are respectively 3000mm (length) x 2000mm (width) x 2000mm (height) as 12M3。
4. Treatment of ammonia nitrogen wastewater
1) Extracting the highly polluted ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated in a relatively concentrated mining area, and detecting the ammonia nitrogen concentration. Through measurement, the concentration (NQ) of the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated extracted by the embodiment is as follows: 860 mg/L.
2) 10.8M water pump is arranged outside3Conveying the relatively concentrated high-pollution ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated in the rare earth mining area to a facultative tank (3) of a vehicle-mounted treatment system, and simultaneously adding 1.2M of ammonia nitrogen wastewater into a bacteria liquid adding system3The photoautotroph heterotrophic mixed bacteria liquid is synchronously injected into the facultative tank (3).
3) After the facultative tank (3) is filled with the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated and the photoautotrophic heterotrophic mixed bacteria liquid, the aeration mixing device in the vehicle-mounted treatment system is started, and the water body in the facultative tank (3) is continuously aerated, stirred and uniformly mixed.
4) After ventilating for 10 minutes, starting a monitoring control system in the vehicle-mounted treatment system, and measuring the pH value, the oxygen content and the water temperature of the water body in the facultative tank (3), wherein the data is that the water temperature is 22 ℃, the oxygen content is 1.8mg/L, pH, the value is equal to 7.4, the normal range is reached, and the treatment requirement is met.
5) After the water body index in the facultative tank (3) meets the requirement, continuously ventilating, and continuously injecting the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated into the facultative tank when the ammonia nitrogen content in the facultative tank is 89mg/L after continuously ventilating for 65 hours. According to the technical scheme:
Figure BDA0002250966880000111
calculated amount, the volume of the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated injected in the daily period is 5.02M3(flow rate: 0.2M)3/h)。
6) In the process of continuously injecting ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated into the facultative tank (3), water in the facultative tank (3) overflows into the anaerobic tank (6) through the overflow holes (17), and after the anaerobic tank (6) is filled, water in the anaerobic tank (6) overflows into the aerobic tank (8) through the overflow holes (16).
7) When a water body enters the anaerobic tank (6) or the aerobic tank (8), the aeration mixing device arranged in the anaerobic tank (6) and the aerobic tank (8) is automatically started to continuously aerate and stir the water body, and meanwhile, the control system also tracks and monitors the pH value and the water temperature data of the water body in the anaerobic tank and the pH value, the oxygen content and the water temperature data of the water body in the aerobic tank in real time.
8) The water body in the aerobic tank (8) discharges the treated tail water outwards through an upper overflow hole (10) and a tail water discharge pipe (11) of the aerobic tank (8).
Through real-time monitoring, in the whole process, the concentration of the tail water ammonia nitrogen discharged to the outside through the tail water discharge pipe (11) is always stable between 8 and 12 mg/L.
9) After the extraction of the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated with relatively concentrated high pollution is finished, the ammonia nitrogen wastewater inlet water pump to be treated is closed, and simultaneously, the facultative tank-anaerobic tank emptying water pump (4) is started to pump the water body in the facultative tank (3) into the anaerobic tank (6), and the extraction is finished within 10 hours.
10) And after 10 hours, closing the facultative tank-anaerobic tank emptying water pump (4), starting the anaerobic tank-aerobic tank emptying water pump (7), pumping the water body in the anaerobic tank (6) into the aerobic tank (8), and finishing pumping within 11 hours.
11) After the extraction is finished, the interval is 10 hours, and then the tail water emptying lower valve (14) of the aerobic tank (8) is opened to discharge the tail water in the aerobic tank (8) outwards.
Through tracking detection, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in tail water discharged outwards by the emptying lower valve (14) is always stabilized at 4-7 mg/L, which is superior to the requirement of 15mg/L in the national emission standard of rare earth industrial pollutants (GB 26451-2011).
The strains in the autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria are purchased from outsources.
Example 2
1. Preparation of photoautotrophic mixed bacterial liquid
Preparation of a photoautotrophic mixed bacterial solution example 1.
2. preparation of pH-regulating agent
The pH regulating agent adopts sodium bicarbonate water solution with the mass concentration of 12% for standby.
3. Vehicle-mounted processing system
The same as in example 1.
4. Treatment of ammonia nitrogen wastewater
1) Extracting the highly polluted ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated in a relatively concentrated mining area, and detecting the ammonia nitrogen concentration. Through measurement, the concentration (NQ) of the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated extracted by the embodiment is as follows: 100 mg/L.
2) 10.8M water pump is arranged outside3Conveying the relatively concentrated high-pollution ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated in the rare earth mining area to a facultative tank (3) of a vehicle-mounted treatment system, and simultaneously adding 1.2M of ammonia nitrogen wastewater into a bacteria liquid adding system3The photoautotroph heterotrophic mixed bacteria liquid is synchronously injected into the facultative tank (3).
3) After the facultative tank (3) is filled with the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated and the photoautotrophic heterotrophic mixed bacteria liquid, the aeration mixing device in the vehicle-mounted treatment system is started, and the water body in the facultative tank (3) is continuously aerated, stirred and uniformly mixed.
4) After ventilating for 6 minutes, starting a monitoring control system in the vehicle-mounted treatment system, and measuring the pH value, the oxygen content and the water temperature of the water body in the facultative tank (3), wherein the data is that the water temperature is 28 ℃, the oxygen content is equal to 6.2 at the value of 1.6mg/L, pH, the water body belongs to a normal range, and the treatment requirement is met.
5) And after the water body index in the facultative tank (3) meets the requirement, continuously ventilating for 8 hours, and after the determination, continuously injecting the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated into the facultative tank when the ammonia nitrogen content in the facultative tank is 79 mg/L. According to the technical scheme:
Figure BDA0002250966880000131
calculated amount, the volume of the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated injected in daily is 43.2M3(flow rate: 1.8M)3/h)。
6) In the process of continuously injecting ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated into the facultative tank (3), water in the facultative tank (3) overflows into the anaerobic tank (6) through the overflow holes (17), and after the anaerobic tank (6) is filled, water in the anaerobic tank (6) overflows into the aerobic tank (8) through the overflow holes (16).
7) When a water body enters the anaerobic tank (6) or the aerobic tank (8), the aeration mixing device arranged in the anaerobic tank (6) and the aerobic tank (8) is automatically started to continuously aerate and stir the water body, and meanwhile, the control system also tracks and monitors the pH value and the water temperature data of the water body in the anaerobic tank and the pH value, the oxygen content and the water temperature data of the water body in the aerobic tank in real time.
8) The water body in the aerobic tank (8) discharges the treated tail water outwards through an upper overflow hole (10) and a tail water discharge pipe (11) of the aerobic tank (8).
Through real-time monitoring, in the whole process, the concentration of the tail water ammonia nitrogen discharged to the outside through the tail water discharge pipe (11) is always stable between 6 and 9 mg/L.
9) After the extraction of the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated with relatively concentrated high pollution is finished, the ammonia nitrogen wastewater inlet water pump to be treated is closed, the facultative tank-anaerobic tank emptying water pump (4) is started at the same time, the water body in the facultative tank (3) is pumped into the anaerobic tank (6), and the extraction is finished within 8 hours.
10) And after 8 hours, closing the facultative tank-anaerobic tank emptying water pump (4), starting the anaerobic tank-aerobic tank emptying water pump (7), pumping the water body in the anaerobic tank (6) into the aerobic tank (8), and finishing pumping within 8 hours.
11) After the extraction is finished, the interval is 5 hours, and then the tail water emptying lower valve (14) of the aerobic tank (8) is opened to discharge the tail water in the aerobic tank (8) outwards.
Through tracking detection, the concentration of ammonia nitrogen in tail water discharged from the emptying lower valve (14) is always stabilized at 8mg/L, which is superior to the requirement of 15mg/L in the national emission standard of rare earth industrial pollutants (GB 26451-2011).
The strains in the autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria are purchased from outsources.
Although a specific embodiment of the present invention has been described above, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that this is by way of illustration only, and that various changes or modifications may be made to this embodiment by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle and spirit of the invention, and these changes and modifications all fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A method for treating rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater based on a vehicle-mounted treatment system microorganism is characterized by comprising the following steps:
which comprises the following steps:
(1) conveying the relatively concentrated high-pollution ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated in the rare earth mining area to a facultative tank of a vehicle-mounted treatment system through an external water pump, and synchronously injecting the photoautotrophic mixed bacteria liquid into the facultative tank through a bacteria liquid adding system; the adding amount of the ammonia nitrogen wastewater and the photoautotrophic mixed bacterial liquid is 9: 1 in a volume ratio;
(2) after the facultative tank is filled with the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated and the photoautotrophic mixed bacteria liquid, starting a ventilation mixing device in the vehicle-mounted treatment system, and continuously ventilating, stirring and uniformly mixing the water body in the facultative tank;
(3) after ventilating for 5-10 minutes, starting a monitoring control system in the vehicle-mounted treatment system, and measuring the pH value, oxygen content and water temperature of the water body in the facultative tank;
(4) after the water body index in the facultative tank meets the requirement, continuously ventilating for 24-100 hours, and measuring the ammonia nitrogen content in the facultative tank in the period; when the ammonia nitrogen content in the facultative tank is less than 100mg/L, continuously injecting ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated into the facultative tank; when the ammonia nitrogen content of the facultative tank is more than or equal to 100mg/L, the continuous aeration time is prolonged until the ammonia nitrogen content is less than 100 mg/L;
(5) the water body of the facultative tank overflows into the anaerobic tank through an upper overflow hole between the facultative tank and the anaerobic tank, and when the anaerobic tank is filled with water, the water body of the anaerobic tank overflows into the aerobic tank through the upper overflow hole between the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank;
(6) the aeration mixing devices arranged in the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank are automatically started to continuously aerate and stir the water body, and meanwhile, the control system also tracks and monitors the pH value, ammonia nitrogen and water temperature data of the water body in the anaerobic tank, the pH value, ammonia nitrogen, oxygen content and water temperature data of the water body in the aerobic tank in real time; monitoring corresponding index data every 10min by the vehicle-mounted processing system, and displaying the data on a display screen;
(7) the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated in the aerobic tank is discharged to the outside through an upper discharge pipe of the tail water of the aerobic tank;
(8) when the extraction of the relatively concentrated high-pollution ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated is finished, closing an ammonia nitrogen wastewater inlet water pump to be treated, simultaneously starting a facultative tank-anaerobic tank emptying water pump, pumping the water body in the facultative tank into an anaerobic tank, and finishing the extraction within 8-24 hours;
(9) closing the facultative tank-anaerobic tank emptying water pump, starting the anaerobic tank-aerobic tank emptying water pump at the same time, pumping the water body in the anaerobic tank into the aerobic tank, and finishing pumping within 6-18 hours;
(10) and (5) staying for 5-24 hours, and opening the aerobic tank tail water emptying lower valve to discharge the tail water in the aerobic tank outwards.
The photoautotrophic bacterial liquid is formed by mixing autotrophic bacteria and heterotrophic bacteria in equal volume ratio; the autotrophic bacteria refer to chlorella, scenedesmus, spirulina, porphyridium and haematococcus, and are formed by mixing according to the equal volume ratio; the heterotrophic bacteria consist of rhodospirillum and vivipula, and are mixed according to the equal volume ratio.
The vehicle-mounted treatment system consists of a flat truck, a wastewater treatment tank, a ventilating and mixing device, a bacteria liquid adding system, a temperature control system, a pH adjusting agent adding system and a monitoring and controlling system, wherein an air blower of the wastewater treatment tank and the ventilating and mixing device, a bacteria liquid tank in the bacteria liquid system and a pH adjusting agent storage tank in the pH adjusting agent adding system are sequentially distributed on a flat plate type carriage of the flat truck; the aeration mixing device, the pH adjusting agent adding system and the bacteria liquid adding system are respectively connected with the treatment pool through corresponding gas conveying pipes, liquid conveying pipes and conveying pipes.
2. The method for treating the rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater by the microorganisms based on the vehicle-mounted treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the pH value, the oxygen content and the water temperature of the water body in the facultative tank are measured in the step (3), and when the water temperature is low in winter, the monitoring control system starts the electric heater to increase the water temperature; the flow rate of aeration is adjusted in real time within the range of 1.0-2 mg/L according to the required oxygen content; when the pH value is less than 6, lime water or sodium bicarbonate water solution is added for adjustment.
3. The method for treating the rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater based on the vehicle-mounted treatment system microorganisms as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step (4) is implemented by continuously injecting the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated into the facultative tank, and the ammonia nitrogen wastewater to be treated is delivered into the facultative tank every day in the following amount:
wherein the volume V is the total volume of the treatment tank.
4. The method for treating the rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater by the microorganisms based on the vehicle-mounted treatment system according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), real-time tracking monitoring is performed, when the ammonia nitrogen content in the facultative tank is greater than or equal to 100mg/L, the ammonia nitrogen content in the anaerobic tank is greater than or equal to 50mg/L, or the ammonia nitrogen content in the aerobic tank is greater than or equal to 15mg/L, the bacteria liquid adding system in the vehicle-mounted treatment system automatically injects a unit volume of the photosynthetic heterotrophic mixed bacteria liquid into the corresponding treatment tank until the ammonia nitrogen content in each treatment tank is lower than a set index; the photosynthetic autotrophic mixed bacterial liquid in a unit volume accounts for 3% of the corresponding treatment pool by volume.
5. The method for treating the rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater by the microorganisms based on the vehicle-mounted treatment system according to claim 1, wherein in the step (6), real-time tracking monitoring is carried out, when the pH value of tail water of the facultative tank, the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank is less than 6.0, the vehicle-mounted treatment system sends a pH adjusting agent instruction, and a pH adjusting agent storage tank dosing pump is automatically started to inject lime water or sodium bicarbonate water solution into the water body in the corresponding treatment tank so as to adjust the pH value; when the pH value reaches 7.0, the dosing is stopped.
6. The method for treating the rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater by the microorganisms based on the vehicle-mounted treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the real-time tracking and monitoring in the step (6) is performed, and when the oxygen content of the facultative tank and the aerobic tank is lower than 1.0mg/l or higher than 2.0mg/l, the aeration mixing device in the vehicle-mounted treatment system increases or decreases the aeration amount of the corresponding treatment tank.
7. The method for treating the rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater by the microorganisms based on the vehicle-mounted treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the real-time tracking monitoring in the step (6) is implemented, when the water temperature of the facultative tank, the anaerobic tank or the aerobic tank is lower than 18 ℃, the vehicle-mounted treatment system sends a command to start the electric heater to increase the water temperature.
8. The method for treating the rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater by the microorganisms based on the vehicle-mounted treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the wastewater treatment tank is formed by connecting a facultative tank, an anaerobic tank and an aerobic tank in series; the facultative tank and the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank are connected through an upper overflow pipe, a facultative tank-anaerobic tank water pump and an anaerobic tank-aerobic tank water pump; the aeration mixing device consists of a blower, a gas pipe, an aeration disc and/or gas transmission holes, wherein the aeration disc is distributed in the facultative tank and the anaerobic tank, and the gas transmission holes are arranged at the bottom of the aerobic tank; the gas transmission pipe is respectively connected with the aeration discs and the gas transmission holes at the bottoms of the facultative tank, the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank through an automatic control flow divider valve; the bacteria liquid adding system consists of a bacteria liquid tank, a bacteria liquid infusion pump, a flowmeter and an infusion tube, wherein an automatic control diverter valve is arranged in the infusion tube, and the infusion tube connected with the bacteria liquid tank is respectively opened in a facultative tank, an anaerobic tank and an aerobic tank through the automatic control diverter valve; the pH adjusting agent adding system is composed of a pH adjusting agent storage tank, a delivery pump, a delivery pipe and a flowmeter, wherein an automatic control diverter valve is arranged in the delivery pipe, and the delivery pipe connected with the storage tank is respectively opened in a facultative tank, an anaerobic tank and an aerobic tank through the automatic control diverter valve.
9. The method for treating the rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater by the microorganisms based on the vehicle-mounted treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the monitoring control system is composed of a monitoring system and a controller, and the controller is connected with a bacteria liquid adding system, a ventilation mixing device and a pH adjusting agent adding system; the controller is provided with a microprocessor, wherein the microprocessor internally comprises a memory and an analog-to-digital converter, or the memory and the analog-to-digital converter are expanded outside the microprocessor according to requirements; the monitoring system comprises an ammonia nitrogen online monitoring sensor, a pH value online monitoring sensor and a dissolved oxygen online monitoring sensor, a microprocessor is respectively connected with the ammonia nitrogen online monitoring sensor, the pH value online monitoring sensor and the dissolved oxygen online monitoring sensor, the microprocessor receives ammonia nitrogen content, pH value and dissolved oxygen data of each sensor at regular time, the microprocessor decides whether to start a pH adjusting medicament input pump in the pH adjusting medicament adding system and an air blower in the aeration mixing device according to the obtained data, meanwhile, the pH value online monitoring sensor monitors the pH value in real time, and the microprocessor controls the pH adjusting medicament to be added to correct the pH once the excessive microprocessor is found.
10. The method for treating the rare earth ammonia nitrogen wastewater by the microorganisms based on the vehicle-mounted treatment system according to claim 1, wherein the ammonia nitrogen online monitoring sensor is positioned in the water body on the inner side wall of the facultative tank, the anaerobic tank and the aerobic tank, is connected with the microprocessor through a signal transmission lead, transmits concentration data to the microprocessor in real time, when the ammonia nitrogen concentration value reaches a set value, the microprocessor sends an instruction, the bacteria liquid infusion pump is started, and the bacteria liquid adding system automatically injects a unit volume of the photoautotrophic mixed bacteria liquid into the corresponding treatment tank to improve the concentration and the action capacity of the bacteria liquid in the water body of the treatment tank; the pH value on-line monitoring sensor is positioned in a water body on the inner side wall of the tail water treatment tank, is connected with the microprocessor through a signal transmission lead and sends pH value data to the microprocessor in real time; the dissolved oxygen on-line monitoring sensor is positioned in the water body on the inner side walls of the facultative tank and the aerobic tank, is connected with the microprocessor through a signal transmission lead, and sends dissolved oxygen data of the facultative tank and the aerobic tank to the microprocessor in real time.
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