CN110639707A - A water film electrostatic precipitator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a water film electrostatic precipitator, wherein the middle part of a cylinder is provided with a plurality of anode tube units which are uniformly arranged; the anode tube unit comprises a water film generation component, an anode tube and a water storage layer component; water enters the water film generating component from bottom to top, overflows from the top end to the outer wall, flows downwards under the action of gravity to reach the water storage layer component, and slowly overflows downwards through the water discharging holes to reach a secondary water storage layer formed by the water film generating component and the inner wall of the anode tube; and then continuously overflowing to the inner wall of the anode tube to form an even water film downwards through a plurality of uniformly distributed drainage grooves, capturing dust moving to the polar plate under the action of an electrostatic field and diesel engine smoke carrying sticky fine particles, passing through a dust collection pipe, and flowing into a collector at the lower part of the electrostatic precipitator to remove the sticky fine particles. The improved structure of the invention has lower cost, and the improved water film generator replaces the original nozzle and water pipe, thus further reducing the equipment cost; the formed water film is more stable and uniform.

Description

A water film electrostatic precipitator

technical field

The invention relates to a water-film electrostatic precipitator, in particular to a water-film electrostatic precipitator.

Background technique

The existing diesel engine dust removal device is generally in the DOC+DPF mode, but the dust removal device in this mode is generally only suitable for high-speed diesel engines, and medium and low-speed diesel engines are generally not installed, and the dust removal device in this mode is used for a long time. The online cleaning technology is immature, and it is easy to cause sticky particles to adhere to the surface and difficult to handle when dealing with diesel engine exhaust.

The water film electrostatic precipitator is a dust removal device that removes particles with a wide particle size. It has a simple structure and low airflow speed. It can also handle viscous particles. The general structure of the water film electrostatic precipitator is a circular cylinder structure. Its working principle is Relying on the strong centrifugal force, the dust particles in the smoke are thrown to the water film wall, and are washed away by the water flowing down the side wall, thereby removing the dust particles. The water enters the cylinder from the upper water injection tank of the dust collector, so that a layer of water film is formed on the inner wall of the whole cylinder to flow from top to bottom. It always rubs against the water film on the inner wall of the cylinder, so that the dust-containing gas is wetted by the water film, and the dust particles flow to the bottom of the dust collector with the water and are discharged from the overflow hole. The bottom of the cylinder is sealed and provided with a water sealing groove to prevent the leakage of flue gas from the lower part, and there are cleaning holes to facilitate the cleaning of the bottom of the cylinder. After dust removal, the waste water is discharged from the bottom overflow hole into the sedimentation tank, and the sediment is neutralized and recycled. The purified gas is drawn out through the upper cone part of the cylinder, so as to achieve the purpose of dust removal.

However, the water film in the existing water film dust collector is generally formed by nozzles, but there are certain shortcomings. The water film formed by the nozzles will produce small splashing water droplets. On the one hand, the uniformity of the water film produced is limited, and on the other hand On the one hand, it interferes with the discharge effect of the electrostatic precipitator, which will hinder its application in the dust removal of diesel engine exhaust.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Purpose of the invention: In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a water-film electrostatic precipitator with low airflow velocity, small pressure loss, and high dust removal efficiency; it can form a stable and uniform water film and avoid interfering with the electrostatic precipitator. discharge effect.

Technical scheme: In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention can adopt the following technical scheme: a water-film electrostatic precipitator, including a cylinder body, a flue gas inlet, a flue gas outlet, a water inlet pipe and a water outlet; the flue gas inlet and water outlet It is arranged at the lower part of the cylinder body, and the flue gas outlet is arranged at the top of the cylinder body; the water inlet pipe is arranged at the side of the middle part of the cylinder body;

A plurality of uniformly arranged anode tube units and cathode units are arranged in the middle of the cylinder;

The anode tube unit includes a water film generating part, an anode tube and an aquifer part;

The water film generating component and the anode tube are both hollow structures, and the water film generating component includes a first connecting portion and a second connecting portion sequentially arranged from top to bottom;

The first connecting part is clamped above the aquifer part; the second connecting part passes through the aquifer part and is built in the anode tube; the outer wall of the lowermost end of the first connecting part is provided with a plurality of concave and a drainage hole extending to the second connecting portion;

The outer wall of the second connection part connected with the first connection part is provided with a first convex part, and the outer wall of the lowermost end of the second connection part is provided with a second convex part; the outer diameter of the first convex part and the second convex part The inner diameter is the same as that of the anode tube; the outer wall of the second convex part is provided with a plurality of concave drainage grooves.

In some embodiments, the cathode unit includes a cathode frame and a cathode filament built into each anode tube.

More preferably, a water tank is also provided between the water inlet pipe and the cylinder.

A hot air purging system is also provided around the outside of the cylinder; the hot air purging system includes a hot air pipe and an insulator chamber; hot air is introduced to keep the insulator chamber dry all the time. Avoid insulators in the electrostatic precipitator, small water droplets or fine particles will not creep up, affecting the normal operation of the electrostatic precipitator.

In order to increase the drainage effect of the aquifer component, the number of the drainage holes is at least 3-20; they are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the lowermost end of the first connecting portion and extend downward to the first convex portion;

In order to form a more uniform water film, at least 3-20 drainage grooves are evenly distributed around the periphery of the second convex portion.

Further, the drainage groove is a strip-shaped groove or a wedge-shaped groove.

In order to ensure that the water film formation is more stable and uniform, the depth of the drainage groove is 0.5-3mm, and the width of the groove is 0.5-3mm.

The upper part of the anode tube unit is equipped with a sprinkler head, and the lower part is equipped with an air distribution plate; after the dust collector has been used for a long time, the sprinkler head can be used to spray and flush the dust collector, and the air distribution plate can make the flue gas pass through the dust collector evenly.

The lower part of the anode tube unit inside the cylinder is also provided with a water vapor atomization device, which can reduce the temperature of the diesel engine flue gas on the one hand, and improve the humidity of the flue gas on the other hand, which is conducive to the adsorption and self-flow of the flue gas dust.

Beneficial effects: the present invention has the following advantages:

(1) High dust removal efficiency, it can purify a large amount of air, remove a wide range of particle size, and can also remove sticky particles. It can remove dusty flue gas with high temperature, low airflow velocity, and small pressure loss;

(2) The cost of structural improvement is low, the processing is simple, and the energy consumption is low. The water film generator replaces the original nozzle and water pipe to form a film generator, which further reduces the equipment cost;

(3) The formed water film is more stable and uniform, avoiding the generation of splashing water droplets and increasing the dust removal effect;

(4) Dust collectors suitable for multiple places include electrostatic precipitators, which solve the problem that traditional water-film electrostatic precipitators interfere with the discharge effect of electrostatic precipitators.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the water film electrostatic precipitator of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the front view structure schematic diagram of the anode tube unit in the water-film electrostatic precipitator of the present invention;

3 is a schematic view of the enlarged structure in the front view direction of the connection between the water film generating component of the present invention and the anode tube;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the water film generating component of the present invention.

Detailed ways

1-4, the present invention discloses a water-film electrostatic precipitator, including a cylinder 1-1, a flue gas inlet 1-2, a flue gas outlet 1-3, a water inlet pipe 1-4 and an outlet pipe 1-4. Nozzle 1-5; the upper part of cylinder 1-1 is inverted cone, and the lower part is cone structure;

The flue gas inlet 1-2 and the water outlet 1-5 are arranged at the lower part of the cylinder 1-1, wherein the flue gas inlet 1-2 is arranged on the side, the water outlet 1-5 is arranged at the bottom of the cone; the flue gas outlet 1-3 The water inlet pipe 1-4 is arranged on the side surface of the middle part of the barrel body 1-1; the water inlet pipe 1-4 and the barrel body 1-1 are also provided with a water tank 1-41; There is also a hot air blowing system 1-10 around the outside of the cylinder body 1-1; the hot air blowing system 1-10 includes a hot air pipe and an insulator room; hot air is introduced to keep the insulator room dry; avoid The insulator is in the electrostatic precipitator, and there are small water droplets or fine particles that will not creep up, which will affect the normal operation of the electrostatic precipitator.

The middle part of the cylinder body 1-1 is provided with a plurality of uniformly arranged anode tube units and cathode units; the upper part of the anode tube unit is provided with a spray head 1-6, and the lower part is provided with an air distribution plate 1-7; it is used in a dust collector. After a long period of time, the dust collector can be sprayed with a sprinkler head, and the air distribution plate can make the flue gas pass through the dust collector evenly. There is also a water vapor atomization device under the airflow uniform distribution plate 1-7, which can reduce the temperature of diesel engine flue gas on the one hand, and improve the humidity of the flue gas on the other hand, which is beneficial to the adsorption and self-flow of flue gas dust.

The cathode unit includes a cathode frame 1-8 and a cathode wire 1-81 built in each anode tube 1-9.

The anode tube unit includes a water film generating part 1, anode tubes 1-9 and an aquifer part 3;

The water film generating part 1 is an annular part with uneven upper and lower outer diameters; it includes a first connecting part 11 and a second connecting part 12 arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the anode tubes 1-9 are hollow cylinders structure;

The first connecting part 11 is clamped above the aquifer part 3; the second connecting part 12 passes through the middle of the aquifer part 3 and is built into the water film forming part 2; the first connecting part 11 The outer wall of the lowermost end is provided with a plurality of drainage holes 111 which are concave and extend to the second connecting portion 12;

The outer wall of the second connecting portion 12 connected to the first connecting portion 11 is provided with a first convex portion 121, and the outer wall of the lowermost end of the second connecting portion 12 is provided with a second convex portion 122; the first convex portion 121 and The outer diameter of the second convex portion 122 is the same as the inner diameter of the anode tube 1-9; the second connecting portion 12 forms a secondary water storage layer through the first convex portion 121, the second convex portion 122 and the inner wall of the anode tube 1-9. The outer wall of the second convex portion 122 is provided with a plurality of concave drainage grooves 1221 . In order to increase the drainage effect of the aquifer components, the number of the drainage holes 111 is 10; they are evenly arranged on the outer wall of the lowermost end of the first connecting part 11 and extend downward to the first convex part 121; in order to form a more uniform water film, Ten drainage grooves 1221 with a wedge-shaped groove structure are evenly distributed around the periphery of the second convex portion 122; in order to ensure a more stable and uniform water film formation, the drainage grooves 1221 are set to have a groove depth of 0.5-3 mm and a groove width of 0.5-3 mm. 3mm.

working principle:

The dust-laden gas is electrically separated when it passes through the high-voltage electrostatic field. After the dust particles and negative ions are combined with negative charges, they tend to discharge and deposit on the surface of the anode tubes 1-9. The water enters the water tank from the water inlet pipe and supplies water to the water-film electrostatic precipitator. The water film generating part 1 at the top of the pipes 1-9 overflows to the outer wall, and flows downward to the aquifer part 3 under the action of gravity, and the water flows through the drainage hole formed between the first connecting part 11 and the aquifer part 3 111. Slowly overflow down to the secondary aquifer formed by the second connecting member 12 and the inner wall of the anode tubes 1-9; and then continue to overflow downward through a plurality of evenly distributed drainage grooves 1221 on the second convex portion 122 It flows to the inner wall of the anode tube 1-9 to form a uniform water film, which captures the dust moving to the plate under the action of the electrostatic field, and the diesel engine flue gas carrying viscous fine particles passes through the anode tube and flows into the collector at the lower part of the electrostatic precipitator to achieve viscosity. Removal of fine particles.

The invention has lower structural improvement cost, simple processing and convenient installation, replaces the original nozzle and water pipe to form a film generator, and further reduces the equipment cost; the formed water film is more stable and uniform, avoids the generation of splashing water droplets, and increases the dust removal effect; Dust collectors suitable for multiple places include electrostatic precipitators, which solve the problem that traditional water-film electrostatic precipitators interfere with the discharge effect of electrostatic precipitators.

Claims (10)

1. A water film electrostatic precipitator is characterized by comprising a cylinder body (1-1), a flue gas inlet (1-2), a flue gas outlet (1-3), a water inlet pipe (1-4) and a water outlet (1-5); the smoke inlet (1-2) and the water outlet (1-5) are arranged at the lower part of the cylinder body (1-1), and the smoke outlet (1-3) is arranged at the top of the cylinder body (1-1); the water inlet pipe (1-4) is arranged on the side surface of the middle part of the cylinder body (1-1);

the middle part of the cylinder body (1-1) is provided with a plurality of anode tube units and cathode units which are uniformly arranged; the anode tube unit comprises a water film generation component (1), anode tubes (1-9) and a water storage layer component (3);

the water film generating component (1) and the anode tubes (1-9) are both of hollow structures, and the water film generating component (1) comprises a first connecting part (11) and a second connecting part (12) which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom;

the first connecting part (11) is clamped above the water storage layer part (3); the second connecting part (12) penetrates through the aquifer component (3) and is arranged in the anode tube (1-9); the outer wall of the lowest end of the first connecting part (11) is provided with a plurality of concave drain holes (111) which extend to the second connecting part (12);

a first convex part (121) is arranged on the outer wall of the joint of the second connecting part (12) and the first connecting part (11), and a second convex part (122) is arranged on the outer wall of the lowest end of the second connecting part (12); the outer diameters of the first convex part (121) and the second convex part (122) are the same as the inner diameters of the anode tubes (1-9); the outer wall of the second convex part (122) is provided with a plurality of concave drainage grooves (1221).

2. The water film electrostatic precipitator of claim 1, wherein: the cathode unit comprises a cathode frame (1-8) and cathode wires (1-81) arranged in each anode tube (1-9).

3. The water film electrostatic precipitator of claim 1, wherein: a water tank (1-41) is also arranged between the water inlet pipe (1-4) and the cylinder body (1-1).

4. The water film electrostatic precipitator of claim 1, wherein: a hot air blowing system (1-10) is further arranged on one circle outside the cylinder body (1-1); the hot air blowing system (1-10) comprises a hot air pipe and an insulator chamber.

5. The water film electrostatic precipitator of claim 1, wherein: the number of the drain holes (111) is at least 6-8; the first convex part is uniformly arranged on the outer wall of the lowest end of the first connecting part (11) and extends downwards to the first convex part (121);

6. the water film electrostatic precipitator of claim 1, wherein: at least 6-8 drainage grooves (1221) are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the second convex part (122) in a circle.

7. The water film electrostatic precipitator of claim 6, wherein: the drainage grooves (1221) are strip-shaped grooves or wedge-shaped grooves.

8. The water film electrostatic precipitator of claim 1 or 7, wherein: the depth of the drainage groove (1221) is 0.5-3mm, and the width of the drainage groove is 0.5-3 mm.

9. The water film electrostatic precipitator of claim 1, wherein: the upper part of the anode tube unit is provided with a spray header (1-6), and the lower part is provided with an air flow uniform distribution plate (1-7).

10. The water film electrostatic precipitator of claim 1 or 9, wherein: and a water vapor atomizing device (1-11) is also arranged at the lower part of the anode tube unit in the cylinder body (1-1).

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