CN110636554A

CN110636554A - Data transmission method and device

Info

Publication number: CN110636554A
Application number: CN201910878289.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王皓; 姚松平; 李小金; 郭兴民; 李锋
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-09-17
Filing date: 2019-09-17
Publication date: 2019-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 2039-09-17
Also published as: CN110636554B

Abstract

The application provides a data transmission method and device, relates to the technical field of communication, and is used for ensuring that a target service carries out data transmission through a larger bandwidth. The method comprises the following steps: the terminal determines the residual data volume and the residual expected duration of the target service and the throughput rate of each link in N links between the terminal and the server; the remaining data amount of the target service is a difference between a total data amount of the target service and a transmitted data amount of the target service; the remaining expected time length is the difference between the expected transmission time length of the target service and the transmitted time length of the target service; the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of each link in the N links according to the residual data volume, the residual expected duration and the throughput rate of each link in the N links of the target service; the sum of the data volumes to be transmitted of the N links is equal to the remaining data volume. The method and the device are suitable for the data transmission process.

Description

Data transmission method and device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular, to a data transmission method and apparatus.

Background

Currently, a terminal may establish multiple communication links with a server to increase communication bandwidth. For example, taking a terminal as a mobile phone as an example, when a user watches streaming media video by using the mobile phone, the mobile phone downloads video data through Wi-Fi and a cellular network simultaneously, so that the downloading rate is greatly increased, and the situation of stuttering during video playing is reduced.

In the prior art, when a smartphone performs data transmission by using multiple links, the smartphone generally needs to complete data transmission in the shortest possible time with the aim of maximum bandwidth. This solution, however, does not take into account the transmission needs of the users for the different links, with major limitations.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a data transmission method and device, which are used for flexibly adjusting the data volume to be transmitted of each link so as to meet the transmission requirements of users for different links.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme is as follows:

in a first aspect, a data transmission method is provided, where the method includes: the terminal determines the residual data volume and the residual expected duration of the target service and the throughput rate of each link in N links between the terminal and the server; the remaining data amount of the target service is a difference between a total data amount of the target service and a transmitted data amount of the target service; the remaining expected time length is the difference between the expected transmission time length of the target service and the transmitted time length of the target service, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2; the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of each link in the N links according to the residual data volume, the residual expected duration and the throughput rate of each link in the N links of the target service; the sum of the data amounts to be transmitted of the N links is equal to the remaining data amount.

Based on the technical scheme, the terminal determines the residual data volume and the residual expected time length of the target service according to the data transmission method, so that the actual requirement of the target service is determined. The terminal determines the throughput rate of each of the N links, thereby determining the transmission conditions of the N links. Therefore, the terminal can respectively determine the data volume to be transmitted of the N links according to the actual requirement of the target service and the transmission conditions of the N links, so as to meet the transmission requirements of users for different links.

For example, taking a terminal as an example that communicates using a Wi-Fi link and a cellular link, a user generally wants to use cellular traffic as little as possible, since cellular traffic is generally more expensive than Wi-Fi traffic. Based on the method, the terminal can determine the data volume to be transmitted of the Wi-Fi link and the data volume to be transmitted of the cellular link according to the remaining data volume of the target service, the remaining expected duration, the throughput rate of the Wi-Fi link and the throughput rate of the cellular link. That is to say, on the premise that the transmission of the remaining data volume of the target service is completed within the remaining expected duration as much as possible, the terminal can reduce the data volume to be transmitted of the cellular link and increase the data volume to be transmitted of the Wi-Fi link, so as to reduce the cost of using the traffic by the user.

In one possible design, the terminal sends a first request message, where the first request message is used to request the total data size and the desired bandwidth of the target service. Wherein the first request message may be a hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) message.

In one possible design, the terminal determines the expected transmission duration of the target service according to the total data volume and the expected bandwidth of the target service.

In one possible design, the terminal determines the expected transmission data volume of each of the N links according to the total data volume of the target service, and the sum of the expected transmission data volumes of the N links is equal to the total data volume of the target service.

In one possible design, the expected amount of data to be transmitted for the N links is equal. Based on the design, the realization complexity is favorably reduced.

In one possible design, the N links include a first link and a second link, and a traffic cost of the first link is higher than a traffic cost of the second link.

In one possible designIn case of a first link to be transmittedThe data transmission quantity is equal to 0, and the data quantity to be transmitted of the second link is equal to the residual data quantity of the target service; wherein T is₂And X is the residual data volume of the target service, and a is the throughput rate of the second link. Based on the design, the target service transmits data on the second link with lower flow cost, so that the flow cost of the user is saved.

In one possible designIn case of (2), the amount of data to be transmitted of the first link is equal to X-T₂A, the amount of data to be transmitted of the second link is equal to T₂A; wherein, T₂And X is the residual data volume of the target service, a is the throughput rate of the second link, and b is the throughput rate of the first link. Based on the design, the target service transmits data in the whole bandwidth of the second link with lower traffic cost, and transmits data in the partial bandwidth of the first link with higher traffic cost, so that the traffic cost of the user is saved as much as possible.

In one possible designIn the case of (2), the amount of data to be transmitted of the first link is equal toThe amount of data to be transmitted of the second link is equal toWherein T is₂And X is the residual data volume of the target service, a is the throughput rate of the second link, and b is the throughput rate of the first link. Based on the design, the target service transmits data with the whole bandwidth of the first link and the second link, so that the data of the target service is transmitted as soon as possible, and bad experience brought to users due to low network speed is avoided.

In one possible design, the method further includes: for each link in the N links, if the first remaining data volume of the link is greater than the to-be-transmitted data volume of the link, the terminal sends first indication information to the server under the condition that the second transmission data volume of the link reaches the to-be-transmitted data volume of the link, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating the server to stop sending data of a target service through the link; the first remaining data volume of the link is a difference value between the expected transmission data volume of the link and the first transmission data volume of the link; the first transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link before the first time; the second transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link after the first time; the first time is the time when the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of the link.

In one possible design, the method further includes: for each link in the N links, if the first remaining data volume of the link is less than the to-be-transmitted data volume of the link, the terminal sends second indication information to the server under the condition that the second remaining data volume of the link reaches a preset value, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating the server to send the to-be-transmitted data of the target service on other links through the link; the first remaining data volume of the link is a difference value between the expected transmission data volume of the link and the first transmission data volume of the link; the second remaining data volume of the link is a difference value between the expected transmission data volume of the link and the transmission data volume of the link; the transmission data volume of the link is the sum of the first transmission data volume of the link and the second transmission data volume of the link; the first transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link before the first time; the second transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link after the first time; the first time is the time when the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of the link.

In one possible design, the preset value is equal to the product of the throughput rate of the link and the round trip delay of the link. In other words, the terminal instructs the server to send the data that should be transmitted by other links through the link in advance by one round trip delay, and the seamless transmission of the data of the target service on the link is ensured.

In a second aspect, a communication device is provided, the communication device comprising: the first processing unit is used for determining the residual data volume and the residual expected duration of the target service and the throughput rate of each of N links between the terminal and the server; the remaining data amount of the target service is a difference between a total data amount of the target service and a transmitted data amount of the target service; the remaining expected time length is the difference between the expected transmission time length of the target service and the transmitted time length of the target service, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The second processing unit is used for determining the data volume to be transmitted of each link in the N links according to the residual data volume of the target service, the residual expected duration and the throughput rate of each link in the N links; the sum of the data amounts to be transmitted of the N links is equal to the remaining data amount.

In one possible design, the communication device further includes a communication unit; and the communication unit is used for sending a first request message, and the first request message is used for requesting the total data volume and the expected bandwidth of the target service.

In one possible design, the first processing unit is further configured to determine an expected transmission duration of the target service according to a total data amount of the target service and an expected bandwidth.

In a possible design, the first processing unit is further configured to determine an expected transmission data amount of each of the N links according to a total data amount of the target service, and a sum of the expected transmission data amounts of the N links is equal to the total data amount of the target service.

In one possible design, the expected amount of data to be transmitted for the N links is equal.

In one possible designUnder the condition of (1), the data volume to be transmitted of the first link is equal to 0, and the data volume to be transmitted of the second link is equal to the residual data volume of the target service; wherein T is₂And X is the residual data volume of the target service, and a is the throughput rate of the second link.

In one possible designIn case of (2), the amount of data to be transmitted of the first link is equal to X-T₂A, the amount of data to be transmitted of the second link is equal to T₂A; wherein, T₂And X is the residual data volume of the target service, a is the throughput rate of the second link, and b is the throughput rate of the first link.

In one possible designIn the case of (2), the amount of data to be transmitted of the first link is equal toThe amount of data to be transmitted of the second link is equal toWherein T is₂And X is the residual data volume of the target service, a is the throughput rate of the second link, and b is the throughput rate of the first link.

In one possible design, the communication device further includes a communication unit; the communication unit is used for sending first indication information to the server under the condition that the second transmission data volume of the link reaches the to-be-transmitted data volume of the link if the first remaining data volume of the link is larger than the to-be-transmitted data volume of the link for each link in the N links, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating the server to stop sending the data of the target service through the link; the first remaining data volume of the link is a difference value between the expected transmission data volume of the link and the first transmission data volume of the link; the first transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link before the first time; the second transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link after the first time; the first time is the time when the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of the link.

In one possible design, the communication device further includes a communication unit; the communication unit is used for sending second indication information to the server under the condition that the second residual data volume of the link reaches a preset value if the first residual data volume of the link is smaller than the to-be-transmitted data volume of the link for each link in the N links, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating the server to send the to-be-transmitted data of the target service on other links through the link; the first remaining data volume of the link is a difference value between the expected transmission data volume of the link and the first transmission data volume of the link; the second remaining data volume of the link is a difference value between the expected transmission data volume of the link and the transmission data volume of the link; the transmission data volume of the link is the sum of the first transmission data volume of the link and the second transmission data volume of the link; the first transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link before the first time; the second transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link after the first time; the first time is the time when the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of the link.

In one possible design, the preset value is equal to the product of the throughput rate of the link and the round trip delay of the link.

In another example, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, where the data transmission apparatus may be a terminal or a chip in the terminal. When the data transmission device is a terminal, the processing unit may be a processor and the communication unit may be a communication interface. The data transmission device may further include a storage unit. The storage unit may be a memory. The memory unit is to store computer program code, the computer program code comprising instructions. The processing unit executes the instructions stored by the storage unit to enable the terminal to implement the data transmission method described in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect. When the data transmission device is a chip in a terminal, the processing unit may be a processor, and the communication unit may be collectively referred to as: a communication interface. For example, the communication interface may be an input/output interface, a pin or a circuit, or the like. The processing unit executes computer program code stored by a storage unit, which may be a storage unit within the chip (e.g. a register, a cache, etc.) or a storage unit external to the chip within the terminal (e.g. a read-only memory, a random access memory, etc.), to cause the terminal to implement a data transmission method as described in the first aspect or any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

Optionally, the processor, the communication interface and the memory are coupled to each other.

In a third aspect, the present application provides a data transmission apparatus, including: a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is coupled to a processor for executing a computer program or instructions for implementing the data transmission method as described in the first aspect and any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions that, when run on a data transmission apparatus, cause the data transmission apparatus to perform the data transmission method as described in the first aspect and any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

In a fifth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product comprising instructions that, when run on a data transmission apparatus, cause the data transmission apparatus to perform the data transmission method as described in the first aspect and any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a chip comprising a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions to implement the data transmission method as described in the first aspect and any one of the possible implementations of the first aspect.

In particular, the chip provided in the embodiments of the present application further includes a memory for storing a computer program or instructions.

In a seventh aspect, the present application provides a communication system, including: a terminal configured to perform the data transmission method as described in the first aspect and any one of the possible implementation manners of the first aspect, and a server in communication with the terminal, the server configured to send data of the target service to the terminal.

It should be appreciated that the description of technical features, solutions, benefits, or similar language in this application does not imply that all of the features and advantages may be realized in any single embodiment. Rather, it is to be understood that the description of a feature or advantage is intended to include the specific features, aspects or advantages in at least one embodiment. Therefore, the descriptions of technical features, technical solutions or advantages in the present specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the technical features, technical solutions and advantages described in the present embodiments may also be combined in any suitable manner. One skilled in the relevant art will recognize that an embodiment may be practiced without one or more of the specific features, aspects, or advantages of a particular embodiment. In other instances, additional features and advantages may be recognized in certain embodiments that may not be present in all embodiments.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a hardware structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 is a software structure diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a data transmission system according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 4 is a flowchart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 5 is a flowchart of another data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

In the embodiments of the present application, terms such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same or similar items having substantially the same function and action. For example, the first link and the second link are only for distinguishing different links, and the order of the first link and the second link is not limited. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terms "first," "second," etc. do not denote any order or quantity, nor do the terms "first," "second," etc. denote any order or importance.

It is noted that, in the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to mean exemplary, illustrative, or descriptive. Any embodiment or design described herein as "exemplary" or "e.g.," is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the word "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present concepts related in a concrete fashion.

In the present application, "at least one" means one or more, "a plurality" means two or more. "and/or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, meaning that there may be three relationships, e.g., a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, wherein A and B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the former and latter associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "at least one of the following" or similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of the singular or plural items. For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c, may represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, wherein a, b, c may be single or multiple.

Before describing the embodiments of the present application, the terms related to the embodiments of the present application will be explained as follows:

(1) video slicing

Video slicing techniques are used to slice a complete video into multiple video segments. Each of the plurality of video segments after being split may be referred to as a slice of the complete video. In practical application, the server may encapsulate and store a plurality of fragments of the complete video respectively. When downloading the complete video, the terminal can download each fragment in sequence according to the actual sequence of each fragment.

(2) Video bit rate

The video code rate is the number of data bits transmitted in unit time during data transmission, and the unit of the video code rate is generally kb/s, that is, kilobits per second. The higher the video rate, the higher the sharpness of the video and the greater the bandwidth required to transmit the video.

Taking a movie with a duration of two hours and a size of 3G as an example, the video bitrate of the movie is: is composed of

(3) Cost of flow

In the embodiment of the present application, the traffic cost specifically refers to the cost of data traffic. For example, the traffic cost may be a transmission cost of 1M data.

The data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to terminals such as mobile phones, tablet computers, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices, Augmented Reality (AR)/Virtual Reality (VR) devices, notebook computers, ultra-mobile personal computers (UMPCs), netbooks, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), and the like, and the embodiment of the application does not limit the specific types of the terminals at all.

Fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device 100. The electronic device 100 may include a processor 110, an external memory interface 120, an internal memory 121, a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface 130, a charging management module 140, a power management module 141, a battery 142, an antenna 1, an antenna 2, a mobile communication module 150, a wireless communication module 160, an audio module 170, a speaker 170A, a receiver 170B, a microphone 170C, an earphone interface 170D, a sensor module 180, a key 190, a motor 191, an indicator 192, a camera 193, a display screen 194, a Subscriber Identification Module (SIM) card interface 195, and the like. The sensor module 180 may include a pressure sensor 180A, a gyroscope sensor 180B, an air pressure sensor 180C, a magnetic sensor 180D, an acceleration sensor 180E, a distance sensor 180F, a proximity light sensor 180G, a fingerprint sensor 180H, a temperature sensor 180J, a touch sensor 180K, an ambient light sensor 180L, a bone conduction sensor 180M, and the like.

It is to be understood that the illustrated structure of the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, electronic device 100 may include more or fewer components than shown, or some components may be combined, some components may be split, or a different arrangement of components. The illustrated components may be implemented in hardware, software, or a combination of software and hardware.

Processor 110 may include one or more processing units, such as: the processor 110 may include an Application Processor (AP), a modem processor, a Graphics Processor (GPU), an Image Signal Processor (ISP), a controller, a memory, a video codec, a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a baseband processor, and/or a neural-Network Processing Unit (NPU), etc. The different processing units may be separate devices or may be integrated into one or more processors.

The controller may be, among other things, a neural center and a command center of the electronic device 100. The controller can generate an operation control signal according to the instruction operation code and the timing signal to complete the control of instruction fetching and instruction execution.

A memory may also be provided in processor 110 for storing instructions and data. In some embodiments, the memory in the processor 110 is a cache memory. The memory may hold instructions or data that have just been used or recycled by the processor 110. If the processor 110 needs to reuse the instruction or data, it can be called directly from the memory. Avoiding repeated accesses reduces the latency of the processor 110, thereby increasing the efficiency of the system.

In some embodiments, processor 110 may include one or more interfaces. The interface may include an integrated circuit (I2C) interface, an integrated circuit built-in audio (I2S) interface, a Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) interface, a universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) interface, a Mobile Industry Processor Interface (MIPI), a general-purpose input/output (GPIO) interface, a Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) interface, and/or a Universal Serial Bus (USB) interface, etc.

The I2C interface is a bi-directional synchronous serial bus that includes a serial data line (SDA) and a Serial Clock Line (SCL). In some embodiments, processor 110 may include multiple sets of I2C buses. The processor 110 may be coupled to the touch sensor 180K, the charger, the flash, the camera 193, etc. through different I2C bus interfaces, respectively. For example: the processor 110 may be coupled to the touch sensor 180K via an I2C interface, such that the processor 110 and the touch sensor 180K communicate via an I2C bus interface to implement the touch functionality of the electronic device 100.

The I2S interface may be used for audio communication. In some embodiments, processor 110 may include multiple sets of I2S buses. The processor 110 may be coupled to the audio module 170 via an I2S bus to enable communication between the processor 110 and the audio module 170. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may communicate audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 via the I2S interface, enabling answering of calls via a bluetooth headset.

The PCM interface may also be used for audio communication, sampling, quantizing and encoding analog signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 and the wireless communication module 160 may be coupled by a PCM bus interface. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may also transmit audio signals to the wireless communication module 160 through the PCM interface, so as to implement a function of answering a call through a bluetooth headset. Both the I2S interface and the PCM interface may be used for audio communication.

The UART interface is a universal serial data bus used for asynchronous communications. The bus may be a bidirectional communication bus. It converts the data to be transmitted between serial communication and parallel communication. In some embodiments, a UART interface is generally used to connect the processor 110 with the wireless communication module 160. For example: the processor 110 communicates with a bluetooth module in the wireless communication module 160 through a UART interface to implement a bluetooth function. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may transmit the audio signal to the wireless communication module 160 through a UART interface, so as to realize the function of playing music through a bluetooth headset.

MIPI interfaces may be used to connect processor 110 with peripheral devices such as display screen 194, camera 193, and the like. The MIPI interface includes a Camera Serial Interface (CSI), a display screen serial interface (DSI), and the like. In some embodiments, processor 110 and camera 193 communicate through a CSI interface to implement the capture functionality of electronic device 100. The processor 110 and the display screen 194 communicate through the DSI interface to implement the display function of the electronic device 100.

The GPIO interface may be configured by software. The GPIO interface may be configured as a control signal and may also be configured as a data signal. In some embodiments, a GPIO interface may be used to connect the processor 110 with the camera 193, the display 194, the wireless communication module 160, the audio module 170, the sensor module 180, and the like. The GPIO interface may also be configured as an I2C interface, an I2S interface, a UART interface, a MIPI interface, and the like.

The USB interface 130 is an interface conforming to the USB standard specification, and may specifically be a Mini USB interface, a Micro USB interface, a USB Type C interface, or the like. The USB interface 130 may be used to connect a charger to charge the electronic device 100, and may also be used to transmit data between the electronic device 100 and a peripheral device. And the earphone can also be used for connecting an earphone and playing audio through the earphone. The interface may also be used to connect other terminals, such as AR devices, etc.

It should be understood that the interface connection relationship between the modules illustrated in the embodiments of the present application is only an illustration, and does not limit the structure of the electronic device 100. In other embodiments of the present application, the electronic device 100 may also adopt different interface connection manners or a combination of multiple interface connection manners in the above embodiments.

The charging management module 140 is configured to receive charging input from a charger. The charger may be a wireless charger or a wired charger. In some wired charging embodiments, the charging management module 140 may receive charging input from a wired charger via the USB interface 130. In some wireless charging embodiments, the charging management module 140 may receive a wireless charging input through a wireless charging coil of the electronic device 100. The charging management module 140 may also supply power to the terminal through the power management module 141 while charging the battery 142.

The power management module 141 is used to connect the battery 142, the charging management module 140 and the processor 110. The power management module 141 receives input from the battery 142 and/or the charge management module 140 and provides power to the processor 110, the internal memory 121, the external memory, the display 194, the camera 193, the wireless communication module 160, and the like. The power management module 141 may also be used to monitor parameters such as battery capacity, battery cycle count, battery state of health (leakage, impedance), etc. In some other embodiments, the power management module 141 may also be disposed in the processor 110. In other embodiments, the power management module 141 and the charging management module 140 may be disposed in the same device.

The wireless communication function of the electronic device 100 may be implemented by the antenna 1, the antenna 2, the mobile communication module 150, the wireless communication module 160, a modem processor, a baseband processor, and the like.

The antennas 1 and 2 are used for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic wave signals. Each antenna in the electronic device 100 may be used to cover a single or multiple communication bands. Different antennas can also be multiplexed to improve the utilization of the antennas. For example: the antenna 1 may be multiplexed as a diversity antenna of a wireless local area network. In other embodiments, the antenna may be used in conjunction with a tuning switch.

The mobile communication module 150 may provide a solution including 2G/3G/4G/5G wireless communication applied to the electronic device 100. The mobile communication module 150 may include at least one filter, a switch, a power amplifier, a Low Noise Amplifier (LNA), and the like. The mobile communication module 150 may receive the electromagnetic wave from the antenna 1, filter, amplify, etc. the received electromagnetic wave, and transmit the electromagnetic wave to the modem processor for demodulation. The mobile communication module 150 may also amplify the signal modulated by the modem processor, and convert the signal into electromagnetic wave through the antenna 1 to radiate the electromagnetic wave. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be disposed in the processor 110. In some embodiments, at least some of the functional modules of the mobile communication module 150 may be disposed in the same device as at least some of the modules of the processor 110.

The modem processor may include a modulator and a demodulator. The modulator is used for modulating a low-frequency baseband signal to be transmitted into a medium-high frequency signal. The demodulator is used for demodulating the received electromagnetic wave signal into a low-frequency baseband signal. The demodulator then passes the demodulated low frequency baseband signal to a baseband processor for processing. The low frequency baseband signal is processed by the baseband processor and then transferred to the application processor. The application processor outputs a sound signal through an audio device (not limited to the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, etc.) or displays an image or video through the display screen 194. In some embodiments, the modem processor may be a stand-alone device. In other embodiments, the modem processor may be provided in the same device as the mobile communication module 150 or other functional modules, independent of the processor 110.

The wireless communication module 160 may provide a solution for wireless communication applied to the electronic device 100, including Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) (e.g., wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) networks), bluetooth (bluetooth, BT), Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), Frequency Modulation (FM), Near Field Communication (NFC), Infrared (IR), and the like. The wireless communication module 160 may be one or more devices integrating at least one communication processing module. The wireless communication module 160 receives electromagnetic waves via the antenna 2, performs frequency modulation and filtering processing on electromagnetic wave signals, and transmits the processed signals to the processor 110. The wireless communication module 160 may also receive a signal to be transmitted from the processor 110, perform frequency modulation and amplification on the signal, and convert the signal into electromagnetic waves through the antenna 2 to radiate the electromagnetic waves.

In some embodiments, antenna 1 of electronic device 100 is coupled to mobile communication module 150 and antenna 2 is coupled to wireless communication module 160 so that electronic device 100 can communicate with networks and other devices through wireless communication techniques. The wireless communication technology may include global system for mobile communications (GSM), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA), time-division code division multiple access (time-division code division multiple access, TD-SCDMA), Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE, BT, GNSS, WLAN, NFC, FM, and/or IR technologies, etc. The GNSS may include a Global Positioning System (GPS), a global navigation satellite system (GLONASS), a beidou satellite navigation system (BDS), a quasi-zenith satellite system (QZSS), and/or a Satellite Based Augmentation System (SBAS).

The electronic device 100 implements display functions via the GPU, the display screen 194, and the application processor. The GPU is a microprocessor for image processing, and is connected to the display screen 194 and an application processor. The GPU is used to perform mathematical and geometric calculations for graphics rendering. The processor 110 may include one or more GPUs that execute program instructions to generate or alter display information.

The display screen 194 is used to display images, video, and the like. The display screen 194 includes a display panel. The display panel may be a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), an organic light-emitting diode (OLED), an active-matrix organic light-emitting diode (active-matrix organic light-emitting diode, AMOLED), a flexible light-emitting diode (FLED), a miniature, a Micro-oeld, a quantum dot light-emitting diode (QLED), or the like. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may include 1 or N display screens 194, with N being a positive integer greater than 1.

The electronic device 100 may implement a shooting function through the ISP, the camera 193, the video codec, the GPU, the display 194, the application processor, and the like.

The ISP is used to process the data fed back by the camera 193. For example, when a photo is taken, the shutter is opened, light is transmitted to the camera photosensitive element through the lens, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, and the camera photosensitive element transmits the electrical signal to the ISP for processing and converting into an image visible to naked eyes. The ISP can also carry out algorithm optimization on the noise, brightness and skin color of the image. The ISP can also optimize parameters such as exposure, color temperature and the like of a shooting scene. In some embodiments, the ISP may be provided in camera 193.

The camera 193 is used to capture still images or video. The object generates an optical image through the lens and projects the optical image to the photosensitive element. The photosensitive element may be a Charge Coupled Device (CCD) or a complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) phototransistor. The light sensing element converts the optical signal into an electrical signal, which is then passed to the ISP where it is converted into a digital image signal. And the ISP outputs the digital image signal to the DSP for processing. The DSP converts the digital image signal into image signal in standard RGB, YUV and other formats. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 may include 1 or N cameras 193, N being a positive integer greater than 1.

The digital signal processor is used for processing digital signals, and can process digital image signals and other digital signals. For example, when the electronic device 100 selects a frequency bin, the digital signal processor is used to perform fourier transform or the like on the frequency bin energy.

Video codecs are used to compress or decompress digital video. The electronic device 100 may support one or more video codecs. In this way, the electronic device 100 may play or record video in a variety of encoding formats, such as: moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) 1, MPEG2, MPEG3, MPEG4, and the like.

The NPU is a neural-network (NN) computing processor that processes input information quickly by using a biological neural network structure, for example, by using a transfer mode between neurons of a human brain, and can also learn by itself continuously. Applications such as intelligent recognition of the electronic device 100 can be realized through the NPU, for example: image recognition, face recognition, speech recognition, text understanding, and the like.

The external memory interface 120 may be used to connect an external memory card, such as a Micro SD card, to extend the memory capability of the electronic device 100. The external memory card communicates with the processor 110 through the external memory interface 120 to implement a data storage function. For example, files such as music, video, etc. are saved in an external memory card.

The internal memory 121 may be used to store computer-executable program code, which includes instructions. The processor 110 executes various functional applications of the electronic device 100 and data processing by executing instructions stored in the internal memory 121. The internal memory 121 may include a program storage area and a data storage area. The storage program area may store an operating system, an application program (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.) required by at least one function, and the like. The storage data area may store data (such as audio data, phone book, etc.) created during use of the electronic device 100, and the like. In addition, the internal memory 121 may include a high-speed random access memory, and may further include a nonvolatile memory, such as at least one magnetic disk storage device, a flash memory device, a universal flash memory (UFS), and the like.

The electronic device 100 may implement audio functions via the audio module 170, the speaker 170A, the receiver 170B, the microphone 170C, the headphone interface 170D, and the application processor. Such as music playing, recording, etc.

The audio module 170 is used to convert digital audio information into an analog audio signal output and also to convert an analog audio input into a digital audio signal. The audio module 170 may also be used to encode and decode audio signals. In some embodiments, the audio module 170 may be disposed in the processor 110, or some functional modules of the audio module 170 may be disposed in the processor 110.

The speaker 170A, also called a "horn", is used to convert the audio electrical signal into an acoustic signal. The electronic apparatus 100 can listen to music through the speaker 170A or listen to a handsfree call.

The receiver 170B, also called "earpiece", is used to convert the electrical audio signal into an acoustic signal. When the electronic apparatus 100 receives a call or voice information, it can receive voice by placing the receiver 170B close to the ear of the person.

The microphone 170C, also referred to as a "microphone," is used to convert sound signals into electrical signals. When making a call or transmitting voice information, the user can input a voice signal to the microphone 170C by speaking the user's mouth near the microphone 170C. The electronic device 100 may be provided with at least one microphone 170C. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may be provided with two microphones 170C to achieve a noise reduction function in addition to collecting sound signals. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 may further include three, four or more microphones 170C to collect sound signals, reduce noise, identify sound sources, perform directional recording, and so on.

The headphone interface 170D is used to connect a wired headphone. The headset interface 170D may be the USB interface 130, or may be a 3.5mm open mobile platform (OMTP) standard interface, a cellular telecommunications industry association (cellular telecommunications industry association of the USA, CTIA) standard interface.

The pressure sensor 180A is used for sensing a pressure signal, and converting the pressure signal into an electrical signal. In some embodiments, the pressure sensor 180A may be disposed on the display screen 194. The pressure sensor 180A can be of a wide variety, such as a resistive pressure sensor, an inductive pressure sensor, a capacitive pressure sensor, and the like. The capacitive pressure sensor may be a sensor comprising at least two parallel plates having an electrically conductive material. When a force acts on the pressure sensor 180A, the capacitance between the electrodes changes. The electronic device 100 determines the strength of the pressure from the change in capacitance. When a touch operation is applied to the display screen 194, the electronic apparatus 100 detects the intensity of the touch operation according to the pressure sensor 180A. The electronic apparatus 100 may also calculate the touched position from the detection signal of the pressure sensor 180A. In some embodiments, the touch operations that are applied to the same touch position but different touch operation intensities may correspond to different operation instructions. For example: and when the touch operation with the touch operation intensity smaller than the first pressure threshold value acts on the short message application icon, executing an instruction for viewing the short message. And when the touch operation with the touch operation intensity larger than or equal to the first pressure threshold value acts on the short message application icon, executing an instruction of newly building the short message.

The gyro sensor 180B may be used to determine the motion attitude of the electronic device 100. In some embodiments, the angular velocity of electronic device 100 about three axes (i.e., the x, y, and z axes) may be determined by gyroscope sensor 180B. The gyro sensor 180B may be used for photographing anti-shake. For example, when the shutter is pressed, the gyro sensor 180B detects a shake angle of the electronic device 100, calculates a distance to be compensated for by the lens module according to the shake angle, and allows the lens to counteract the shake of the electronic device 100 through a reverse movement, thereby achieving anti-shake. The gyroscope sensor 180B may also be used for navigation, somatosensory gaming scenes.

The air pressure sensor 180C is used to measure air pressure. In some embodiments, electronic device 100 calculates altitude, aiding in positioning and navigation, from barometric pressure values measured by barometric pressure sensor 180C.

The magnetic sensor 180D includes a hall sensor. The electronic device 100 may detect the opening and closing of the flip holster using the magnetic sensor 180D. In some embodiments, when the electronic device 100 is a flip phone, the electronic device 100 may detect the opening and closing of the flip according to the magnetic sensor 180D. And then according to the opening and closing state of the leather sheath or the opening and closing state of the flip cover, the automatic unlocking of the flip cover is set.

The acceleration sensor 180E may detect the magnitude of acceleration of the electronic device 100 in various directions (typically three axes). The magnitude and direction of gravity can be detected when the electronic device 100 is stationary. The method can also be used for recognizing the terminal gesture, and is applied to horizontal and vertical screen switching, pedometers and other applications.

A distance sensor 180F for measuring a distance. The electronic device 100 may measure the distance by infrared or laser. In some embodiments, taking a picture of a scene, electronic device 100 may utilize range sensor 180F to range for fast focus.

The proximity light sensor 180G may include, for example, a Light Emitting Diode (LED) and a light detector, such as a photodiode. The light emitting diode may be an infrared light emitting diode. The electronic device 100 emits infrared light to the outside through the light emitting diode. The electronic device 100 detects infrared reflected light from nearby objects using a photodiode. When sufficient reflected light is detected, it can be determined that there is an object near the electronic device 100. When insufficient reflected light is detected, the electronic device 100 may determine that there are no objects near the electronic device 100. The electronic device 100 can utilize the proximity light sensor 180G to detect that the user holds the electronic device 100 close to the ear for talking, so as to automatically turn off the screen to achieve the purpose of saving power. The proximity light sensor 180G may also be used in a holster mode, a pocket mode automatically unlocks and locks the screen.

The ambient light sensor 180L is used to sense the ambient light level. Electronic device 100 may adaptively adjust the brightness of display screen 194 based on the perceived ambient light level. The ambient light sensor 180L may also be used to automatically adjust the white balance when taking a picture. The ambient light sensor 180L may also cooperate with the proximity light sensor 180G to detect whether the electronic device 100 is in a pocket to prevent accidental touches.

The fingerprint sensor 180H is used to collect a fingerprint. The electronic device 100 can utilize the collected fingerprint characteristics to unlock the fingerprint, access the application lock, photograph the fingerprint, answer an incoming call with the fingerprint, and so on.

The temperature sensor 180J is used to detect temperature. In some embodiments, electronic device 100 implements a temperature processing strategy using the temperature detected by temperature sensor 180J. For example, when the temperature reported by the temperature sensor 180J exceeds a threshold, the electronic device 100 performs a reduction in performance of a processor located near the temperature sensor 180J, so as to reduce power consumption and implement thermal protection. In other embodiments, the electronic device 100 heats the battery 142 when the temperature is below another threshold to avoid the low temperature causing the electronic device 100 to shut down abnormally. In other embodiments, when the temperature is lower than a further threshold, the electronic device 100 performs boosting on the output voltage of the battery 142 to avoid abnormal shutdown due to low temperature.

The touch sensor 180K is also referred to as a "touch panel". The touch sensor 180K may be disposed on the display screen 194, and the touch sensor 180K and the display screen 194 form a touch screen, which is also called a "touch screen". The touch sensor 180K is used to detect a touch operation applied thereto or nearby. The touch sensor can communicate the detected touch operation to the application processor to determine the touch event type. Visual output associated with the touch operation may be provided through the display screen 194. In other embodiments, the touch sensor 180K may be disposed on a surface of the electronic device 100, different from the position of the display screen 194.

The bone conduction sensor 180M may acquire a vibration signal. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sensor 180M may acquire a vibration signal of the human vocal part vibrating the bone mass. The bone conduction sensor 180M may also contact the human pulse to receive the blood pressure pulsation signal. In some embodiments, the bone conduction sensor 180M may also be disposed in a headset, integrated into a bone conduction headset. The audio module 170 may analyze a voice signal based on the vibration signal of the bone mass vibrated by the sound part acquired by the bone conduction sensor 180M, so as to implement a voice function. The application processor can analyze heart rate information based on the blood pressure beating signal acquired by the bone conduction sensor 180M, so as to realize the heart rate detection function.

The keys 190 include a power-on key, a volume key, and the like. The keys 190 may be mechanical keys. Or may be touch keys. The electronic apparatus 100 may receive a key input, and generate a key signal input related to user setting and function control of the electronic apparatus 100.

The motor 191 may generate a vibration cue. The motor 191 may be used for incoming call vibration cues, as well as for touch vibration feedback. For example, touch operations applied to different applications (e.g., photographing, audio playing, etc.) may correspond to different vibration feedback effects. The motor 191 may also respond to different vibration feedback effects for touch operations applied to different areas of the display screen 194. Different application scenes (such as time reminding, receiving information, alarm clock, game and the like) can also correspond to different vibration feedback effects. The touch vibration feedback effect may also support customization.

Indicator 192 may be an indicator light that may be used to indicate a state of charge, a change in charge, or a message, missed call, notification, etc.

The SIM card interface 195 is used to connect a SIM card. The SIM card can be brought into and out of contact with the electronic apparatus 100 by being inserted into the SIM card interface 195 or being pulled out of the SIM card interface 195. The electronic device 100 may support 1 or N SIM card interfaces, N being a positive integer greater than 1. The SIM card interface 195 may support a Nano SIM card, a Micro SIM card, a SIM card, etc. The same SIM card interface 195 can be inserted with multiple cards at the same time. The types of the plurality of cards may be the same or different. The SIM card interface 195 may also be compatible with different types of SIM cards. The SIM card interface 195 may also be compatible with external memory cards. The electronic device 100 interacts with the network through the SIM card to implement functions such as communication and data communication. In some embodiments, the electronic device 100 employs esims, namely: an embedded SIM card. The eSIM card can be embedded in the electronic device 100 and cannot be separated from the electronic device 100.

The software system of the electronic device 100 may employ a layered architecture, an event-driven architecture, a micro-core architecture, a micro-service architecture, or a cloud architecture. The embodiment of the present application takes an Android system with a layered architecture as an example, and exemplarily illustrates a software structure of the electronic device 100.

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a software structure of the electronic device 100 according to the embodiment of the present application. The layered architecture divides the software into several layers, each layer having a clear role and division of labor. The layers communicate with each other through a software interface. In some embodiments, the Android system is divided into four layers, an application layer, an application framework layer, an Android runtime (Android runtime) and system library, and a kernel layer from top to bottom. The application layer may include a series of application packages.

As shown in fig. 2, the application package may include video, gallery, calendar, call, map, navigation, WLAN, bluetooth, music, short message, etc. applications.

The application framework layer provides an Application Programming Interface (API) and a programming framework for the application program of the application layer. The application framework layer includes a number of predefined functions.

As shown in FIG. 2, the application framework layers may include a window manager, content provider, view system, phone manager, resource manager, notification manager, and the like.

The window manager is used for managing window programs. The window manager can obtain the size of the display screen, judge whether a status bar exists, lock the screen, intercept the screen and the like.

The content provider is used to store and retrieve data and make it accessible to applications. The data may include video, images, audio, calls made and received, browsing history and bookmarks, phone books, etc.

The view system includes visual controls such as controls to display text, controls to display pictures, and the like. The view system may be used to build applications. The display interface may be composed of one or more views. For example, the display interface including the short message notification icon may include a view for displaying text and a view for displaying pictures.

The phone manager is used to provide communication functions of the electronic device 100. Such as management of call status (including on, off, etc.).

The resource manager provides various resources for the application, such as localized strings, icons, pictures, layout files, video files, and the like.

The notification manager enables the application to display notification information in the status bar, can be used to convey notification-type messages, can disappear automatically after a short dwell, and does not require user interaction. Such as a notification manager used to inform download completion, message alerts, etc. The notification manager may also be a notification that appears in the form of a chart or scroll bar text at the top status bar of the system, such as a notification of a background running application, or a notification that appears on the screen in the form of a dialog window. For example, text information is prompted in the status bar, a prompt tone is given, the terminal vibrates, an indicator light flashes, and the like.

The Android Runtime comprises a core library and a virtual machine. The Android runtime is responsible for scheduling and managing an Android system.

The core library comprises two parts: one part is a function which needs to be called by java language, and the other part is a core library of android.

The application layer and the application framework layer run in a virtual machine. And executing java files of the application program layer and the application program framework layer into a binary file by the virtual machine. The virtual machine is used for performing the functions of object life cycle management, stack management, thread management, safety and exception management, garbage collection and the like.

The system library may include a plurality of functional modules. For example: surface managers (surface managers), Media Libraries (Media Libraries), three-dimensional graphics processing Libraries (e.g., OpenGL ES), 2D graphics engines (e.g., SGL), and the like.

The surface manager is used to manage the display subsystem and provide fusion of 2D and 3D layers for multiple applications.

The media library supports a variety of commonly used audio, video format playback and recording, and still image files, among others. The media library may support a variety of audio-video encoding formats, such as MPEG4, h.264, MP3, AAC, AMR, JPG, PNG, and the like.

The three-dimensional graphic processing library is used for realizing three-dimensional graphic drawing, image rendering, synthesis, layer processing and the like.

The 2D graphics engine is a drawing engine for 2D drawing.

The kernel layer is a layer between hardware and software. The inner core layer at least comprises a display driver, a camera driver, an audio driver and a sensor driver.

The data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the application is applied to the data transmission system 300 shown in fig. 3. As shown in fig. 3, the data transmission system 300 includes: terminal 301, server 302. N links may be established between the terminal 301 and the server 302, where N is an integer greater than or equal to 2. The terminal 301 may be the electronic device 100 described above.

It will be appreciated that the multiple links may employ different communication networks. For example, the N links include a cellular link and a Wi-Fi link, the cellular link belongs to a cellular network, and the Wi-Fi link belongs to a Wi-Fi network.

In this embodiment of the present application, the terminal transmits data in N links, which may mean that the terminal receives data in N links, or the terminal transmits data in N links. For example, a terminal may receive data of a video in N links; alternatively, the terminal may upload data of the file in N links.

It should be noted that, during the process of transmitting data by the terminal through the N links, the terminal may use the mpttp protocol.

The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are specifically described below with reference to the drawings of the specification.

As shown in fig. 4, a data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

s101, the terminal determines the residual data volume of the target service.

Wherein the remaining data amount of the target traffic is a difference between a total data amount of the target traffic and a transmitted data amount of the target traffic.

It should be noted that the total data volume of the target service is the data volume that needs to be transmitted by the target service. For example, taking a target service as a video service as an example, the total data volume of the video service is the data volume of a video that needs to be played by the current terminal.

It should be noted that the transmitted data volume of the target service is the data volume transmitted by the target service in the period from the start time of data transmission to the current time. In the execution process of the target service, the terminal continuously counts the transmitted data volume of the target service. It will be appreciated that the amount of data transmitted by the target service may change continuously as the transmission of the target service progresses.

In one possible implementation, the terminal determines the total data volume of the target service and the data volume that the target service has transmitted. And the terminal subtracts the transmitted data volume of the target service from the total data volume of the target service to obtain the residual data volume of the target service.

S102, the terminal determines the remaining expected duration of the target service.

And the remaining expected time length of the target service is the difference value between the expected transmission time length of the target service and the transmitted time length of the target service.

The expected transmission time length of the target service is the time length that the target service wants to complete the data transmission process. For example, the expected transmission time of the target service is 5 minutes, that is, the terminal wants to receive all data of the target service within 5 minutes.

It will be appreciated that the expected transmission duration of the target service may be used to characterize the quality of service (QoS) requirements of the target service.

It can be understood that the expected transmission duration of the target traffic is not equal to the actual transmission duration of the target traffic. In other words, the actual transmission duration of the target service may be longer than the expected transmission duration of the target service, or may be shorter than the expected transmission duration of the target service.

It should be noted that the transmitted time length of the target service is a time length from the data transmission start time of the target service to the current time. Optionally, the terminal may set a timer to count the transmitted time length of the target service.

S103, the terminal determines the throughput rate of each link in the N links.

For each of the N links, the throughput rate of the link is the amount of data transmitted in a unit time. The throughput rate of the link may characterize the bandwidth of the link. That is, the greater the throughput rate of the link, the greater the bandwidth of the link. Conversely, the smaller the throughput of the link, the smaller the bandwidth of the link.

In one possible implementation manner, for each of the N links, the terminal determines the data amount transmitted by the link within a preset time length; and the terminal divides the data volume transmitted by the link in the preset time length by the preset time length to determine the throughput rate of the link.

S104, the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of each link in the N links according to the residual data volume of the target service, the residual expected duration and the throughput rate of each link in the N links.

Wherein N is an integer of 2 or more. Taking N equal to 2 as an example, the N links may be a first link and a second link.

It should be noted that the sum of the data volumes to be transmitted of the N links is equal to the remaining data volume of the target service, so as to ensure the normal execution of the target service.

It should be noted that, the following two situations exist in the transmission process of the target service:

situation one,Wherein X represents the remaining data amount of the target service, T₂Indicating the remaining transmission duration, K, of the target service_iRepresenting the throughput rate of the ith link of the N links.

That is, the sum of the throughput rates of the N links is greater than the expected throughput rate of the target traffic. Wherein the expected throughput rate of the target service is equal to the remaining data amount of the target service divided by the remaining transmission time of the target service.

Based on the case one, the terminal can transmit the remaining data amount of the target service within the remaining transmission time period even without using the entire bandwidth of each of the N links. In this regard, for the N links, the terminal preferentially uses the link with the higher priority of the N links to transmit the data of the target service. In other words, the amount of data to be transmitted of the link with the high priority is greater than the amount of data to be transmitted of the link with the low priority.

Illustratively, the priority of a link may be determined based on the traffic cost of the link. For example, the lower the traffic cost of a link, the higher the priority of the link. This can reduce the cost of the traffic used by the terminal.

Illustratively, the priority of a link may be determined based on the latency of the link. For example, the lower the latency of the link, the higher the priority of the link. Thus, the data transmission delay of the target service can be reduced.

Illustratively, the priority of a link may be determined based on the throughput rate of the link. For example, the higher the throughput rate of the link, the higher the priority of the link.

The second case,

That is, the sum of the throughput rates of the N links is less than or equal to the expected throughput rate of the target traffic.

Based on the second condition, even if the N links use all the bandwidth to transmit the data of the target service, it cannot be guaranteed that the target service is completely transmitted within the remaining transmission duration. Therefore, in order to guarantee user experience and improve transmission bandwidth, it is necessary for the terminal to transmit data of a target service using a maximum aggregation bandwidth.

Under this consideration, the amount of data to be transmitted in the ith link of the N links is equal toIn this way, the terminal fully uses the bandwidths of the N links to transmit the data of the target service as soon as possible.

The following takes N links including a first link and a second link as an example, and an implementation of step S104 is illustrated. Optionally, the traffic cost of the first link is higher than the traffic cost of the second link. Illustratively, the first link may be a cellular link and the second link may be a non-cellular link. For example, the first link may be a 4G link, and the second link may be a Wi-Fi link, which is not limited in this embodiment.

The implementation way is as followsIn the case of (1), the amount of data to be transmitted of the first link is equal to 0, and the amount of data to be transmitted of the second link is equal to the remaining amount of data of the target service.

Wherein, T₂And X is the residual data volume of the target service, and a is the throughput rate of the second link.

It can be understood that, in the case that the throughput rate of the second link is greater than the expected throughput rate of the target service, the terminal may transmit the data of the target service only using the second link without using the first link to transmit the data of the target service, so as to reduce the traffic cost of the user.

The second implementation mode is thatIn case of (2), the amount of data to be transmitted of the first link is equal to X-T₂A, the amount of data to be transmitted of the second link is equal to T₂*a。

It can be understood that, in the case that the throughput rate of the second link is less than the expected throughput rate of the target service, and the sum of the throughput rates of the first link and the second link is greater than or equal to the expected throughput rate of the target service, the terminal does not transmit the data of the target service in the manner of the maximum aggregation bandwidth (that is, the terminal does not transmit the data of the target service in the entire bandwidths of the first link and the second link), and the terminal transmits the data in the entire bandwidth of the second link and only transmits the data in a part of the bandwidth of the first link, so that the traffic cost of transmitting the data is reduced as much as possible under the condition that the target service is transmitted in the remaining transmission time.

The third implementation mode is thatIn the case of (2), the amount of data to be transmitted of the first link is equal toThe amount of data to be transmitted of the second link is equal to

It can be understood that, when the sum of the throughput rates of the second link and the first link is less than the expected throughput rate of the target service, the terminal transmits the data of the target service in the maximum aggregated bandwidth manner, that is, the terminal transmits the data of the target service in the total bandwidth of the first link and the second link, thereby reducing the transmission duration of the target service and improving the user experience.

Based on the technical scheme shown in fig. 4, the terminal dynamically adjusts the amount of data to be transmitted of each of the N links by obtaining the actual transmission condition (e.g., the remaining data amount and the remaining transmission duration) of the target service and the throughput of each of the N links, thereby achieving the purpose of meeting the transmission requirements of the user for different links in a multilink transmission scenario.

Based on the technical solution shown in fig. 4, as shown in fig. 5, a data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

s201, the terminal determines the expected transmission time length of the target service according to the total data volume and the expected bandwidth of the target service.

Wherein the expected bandwidth of the target service is a bandwidth expected to be allocated to the target service. The expected bandwidth of the target service is used to guarantee the normal execution of the target service. For example, taking the target service as a video service as an example, when the actual transmission bandwidth of the video service is greater than or equal to the expected bandwidth of the video service, it can be ensured that the video playing does not suffer from a pause phenomenon. For another example, taking the target service as the game service, when the actual transmission bandwidth of the game service is greater than or equal to the expected bandwidth of the game service, it can be ensured that the game will not be jammed.

Taking the target service as the video service as an example, the terminal may determine the expected bandwidth of the video according to the video code rate of the video. For example, if the video rate is 5M/s, the desired bandwidth of the video is greater than or equal to 5M/s.

As a possible implementation manner, after the target service reaches the foreground, the terminal sends a first request message to the server, where the first request message is used to request the total data volume and the expected bandwidth of the target service. And then, the terminal receives a first response message sent by the server, wherein the first response message is used for indicating the total data volume and the expected bandwidth of the target service. Thus, the terminal can determine the total data volume of the target service and the expected bandwidth according to the first response message. Furthermore, the terminal can determine the expected transmission duration of the target service according to the total data volume and the expected bandwidth of the target service.

It will be appreciated that the expected transmission duration of the target traffic is equal to the total data volume of the target traffic divided by the expected bandwidth.

S202, the terminal determines the expected transmission data volume of each link in the N links according to the total data volume of the target service.

And the sum of the expected transmission data volumes of the N links is equal to the total data volume of the target service.

Illustratively, the expected amount of data transmitted over the N links is equal. For example, taking N links as an example including a first link and a second link, the data of the target service is [0,99], the first link is responsible for transmitting [0,49], and the second link is responsible for transmitting [50,99 ].

Illustratively, the expected amount of data to be transmitted for the N links may be determined based on the priorities of the N links. For example, the expected amount of transmission data of a link with a high priority may be larger than that of a link with a low priority.

Optionally, when the terminal determines the sum of the expected transmission data volume of each of the N links, the terminal may send, to the server, an HTTP request on each of the N links, where the HTTP request is used to indicate the data volume to be transmitted on the link by the target service.

Optionally, the HTTP request is used to indicate a data amount to be transmitted of the target service on the link, and may be specifically implemented as: the HTTP request is used to indicate the Range (Range) of the target traffic on the link. Range refers to the data Range of the target service, including the size of the data volume, and the location of the data.

S203, the terminal determines the residual data volume, the residual expected duration and the throughput rate of each of the N links of the target service.

S204, the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of each link in the N links according to the residual data volume of the target service, the residual expected duration and the throughput rate of each link in the N links.

The detailed description of steps S203-S204 may refer to the foregoing, and will not be repeated herein.

It can be understood that, since the network environment will change continuously and the throughput rates of the N links will also change, the terminal may perform steps S203-S204 multiple times during the transmission process of the target service to dynamically adjust the amount of data to be transmitted in the N links, thereby ensuring normal transmission of the target service.

In practical applications, the terminal may periodically perform steps S203-S204. For example, the terminal may perform steps S203-S204 every one minute during the transmission of the target traffic.

After the terminal adjusts the amount of data to be transmitted in each of the N links, the terminal may select to perform the following step S205 or S206 for each of the N links during the transmission of the target service.

S205, under the condition that the data volume to be transmitted of the link is smaller than the first residual data volume of the link, if the second transmission data volume of the link reaches the data volume to be transmitted of the link, the terminal sends first indication information to the server.

The first indication information is used for indicating the server to stop sending the data of the target service through the link.

Alternatively, the first indication information may be an HTTP message. For example, the first indication information may be the RST _ Frame.

The first remaining data amount of the link is a difference between an expected transmission data amount of the link and the first transmission data amount of the link. The first amount of data transmitted by the link is the amount of data transmitted by the link before the first time. The second amount of data transmitted by the link is the amount of data transmitted by the link after the first time. The first time is the time when the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of the link.

In practical applications, the terminal may set a virtual interception point for the link, where the virtual interception point is used to mark a termination point where the target service transmits data on the link. For example, the virtual truncation point may correspond to a data location of the target traffic. In this way, when the data stream of the target service transmits the virtual interception point, the terminal may send the first indication information to the server to instruct the server to stop sending data on the link.

S206, under the condition that the data volume to be transmitted of the link is larger than the first residual data volume of the link, when the second residual data volume of the link reaches a preset value, the terminal sends second indication information to the server.

And the second indication information is used for indicating the server to send the data to be transmitted of the target service on other links through the links.

The first remaining data amount of the link is a difference between an expected transmission data amount of the link and the first transmission data amount of the link. The second remaining data amount of the link is a difference between an expected transmission data amount of the link and a transmission data amount of the link. The transmission data volume of the link is the sum of the first transmission data volume of the link and the second transmission data volume of the link. The first amount of data transmitted by the link is the amount of data transmitted by the link before the first time. The second amount of data transmitted by the link is the amount of data transmitted by the link after the first time. The first time is the time when the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of the link.

Optionally, the preset value is equal to a product between a throughput rate of the link and a round trip delay of the link.

For a link, the terminal may determine the round trip delay of the link by sending a second request message to the server over the link and by receiving a second response message from the server. Wherein the second request message is used to query the round trip delay. The second response message is for responding to the second request message.

Illustratively, the second request message may be a pingframe in the HTTP protocol.

In the specific implementation process of step S206, the terminal may pull data in advance by using an HTTP2pipline method.

Based on the technical scheme shown in fig. 5, the terminal divides the expected transmission data volume for each link; and then, in the transmission process of the target service, the terminal dynamically adjusts the data volume to be transmitted of each link according to the actual network condition so as to ensure the normal transmission of the target service.

It is understood that the terminal includes corresponding hardware structure or software modules for performing each function or a combination of both for realizing the above functions. Those of skill in the art would readily appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as hardware or combinations of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is performed as hardware or computer software drives hardware depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application.

In the embodiment of the present application, the network device and the terminal may be divided into the functional modules according to the above method example, for example, each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one processing module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the division of the module is schematic, and is only one logic function division, and there may be another division manner in actual implementation. The following description will be given by taking the case of dividing each function module corresponding to each function:

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 6, the communication apparatus may include: a first processing unit 401, a second processing unit 402 and a communication unit 403. Wherein the first processing unit 101 is configured to support the communication device to perform steps S101, S102 and S103 in fig. 4, and steps S201, S202 and S203 in fig. 5. The second processing unit 402 is used to support the communication device to execute step S104 in fig. 4, step S204 in fig. 5. The communication unit 403 is used to support the communication apparatus to execute steps S205 and S206 in fig. 5.

The embodiment of the application also provides a computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium stores computer instructions; when the computer-readable storage medium runs on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the application.

Embodiments of the present application further provide a computer program product containing computer instructions, which when run on a computer, enable the computer to execute the data transmission method provided in the embodiments of the present application.

The embodiment of the application provides a chip, which comprises a processor, wherein when the processor executes an instruction, the chip can execute the data transmission method provided by the embodiment of the application.

It should be appreciated that the computer instructions can be stored on a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by wire (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optics, digital subscriber line) or wirelessly (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or can comprise one or more data storage devices, such as a server, a data center, etc., that can be integrated with the medium. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium, or a semiconductor medium (e.g., solid state disk), among others.

Through the above description of the embodiments, it is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and simplicity of description, the foregoing division of the functional modules is merely used as an example, and in practical applications, the above function distribution may be completed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the internal structure of the device may be divided into different functional modules to complete all or part of the above described functions.

It should be understood that the apparatus and method disclosed in the several embodiments provided in this application may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the modules or units is only one logical functional division, and there may be other divisions when actually implemented, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or may be integrated into another device, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may be one physical unit or a plurality of physical units, that is, may be located in one place, or may be distributed in a plurality of different places. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, and can also be realized in a form of a software functional unit.

The integrated unit, if implemented in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application may be essentially or partially contributed to by the prior art, or all or part of the technical solutions may be embodied in the form of a software product, where the software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a device (which may be a single chip, a chip, or the like) or a processor (processor) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the embodiments of the present application.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present disclosure should be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of data transmission, the method comprising:

the terminal determines the residual data volume and the residual expected duration of the target service and the throughput rate of each link in N links between the terminal and the server; the remaining data amount of the target service is a difference between a total data amount of the target service and a transmitted data amount of the target service; the remaining expected time length is a difference value between the expected transmission time length of the target service and the transmitted time length of the target service, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of each link in the N links according to the remaining data volume of the target service, the remaining expected duration and the throughput rate of each link in the N links; and the sum of the data quantity to be transmitted of the N links is equal to the residual data quantity.

2. The data transmission method of claim 1, further comprising:

and the terminal sends a first request message, wherein the first request message is used for requesting the total data volume and the expected bandwidth of the target service.

3. The data transmission method of claim 2, further comprising:

and the terminal determines the expected transmission time length of the target service according to the total data volume of the target service and the expected bandwidth.

4. A method for data transmission according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the method further comprises:

and the terminal determines the expected transmission data volume of each link in the N links according to the total data volume of the target service, wherein the sum of the expected transmission data volumes of the N links is equal to the total data volume of the target service.

5. The data transmission method according to claim 4, wherein the expected transmission data amount of the N links is equal.

6. The data transmission method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the N links include a first link and a second link, and the traffic cost of the first link is higher than the traffic cost of the second link.

7. The data transmission method of claim 6, wherein the data transmission method is performed in a wireless communication systemUnder the condition of (1), the data volume to be transmitted of the first link is equal to 0, and the data volume to be transmitted of the second link is equal to the residual data volume of the target service; wherein T is₂And X is the residual data volume of the target service, and a is the throughput rate of the second link.

8. The data transmission method of claim 6, wherein the data transmission method is performed in a wireless communication systemIn case of (2), the amount of data to be transmitted of the first link is equal to X-T₂A, the amount of data to be transmitted of the second link is equal to T₂A; wherein, T₂And X is the residual data volume of the target service, a is the throughput rate of the second link, and b is the throughput rate of the first link.

9. The data transmission method of claim 6, wherein the data transmission method is performed in a wireless communication systemIn case of (2), the amount of data to be transmitted of the first link is equal toThe amount of data to be transmitted of the second link is equal toWherein, T₂And X is the residual data volume of the target service, a is the throughput rate of the second link, and b is the throughput rate of the first link.

10. The data transmission method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the method further comprises:

for each link in N links, if a first remaining data volume of the link is greater than a to-be-transmitted data volume of the link, the terminal sends first indication information to the server when a second transmission data volume of the link reaches the to-be-transmitted data volume of the link, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating the server to stop sending the data of the target service through the link; wherein the first remaining data amount of the link is a difference value between an expected transmission data amount of the link and the first transmission data amount of the link; the first transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link before the first time; the second transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link after the first time; the first time is the time when the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of the link.

11. The data transmission method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the method further comprises:

for each link in the N links, if a first remaining data volume of the link is less than a data volume to be transmitted of the link, the terminal sends second indication information to the server when a second remaining data volume of the link reaches a preset value, where the second indication information is used to indicate the server to send data to be transmitted of the target service on other links through the link; the first remaining data volume of the link is a difference value between an expected transmission data volume of the link and the first transmission data volume of the link; the second remaining data volume of the link is a difference value between the expected transmission data volume of the link and the transmission data volume of the link; the transmission data volume of the link is the sum of the first transmission data volume of the link and the second transmission data volume of the link; the first transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link before the first time; the second transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link after the first time; the first time is the time when the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of the link.

12. The data transmission method of claim 11, wherein the preset value is equal to a product between a throughput rate of the link and a round trip delay of the link.

13. A communications apparatus, the apparatus comprising:

the first processing unit is used for determining the residual data volume and the residual expected duration of the target service and the throughput rate of each of N links between the terminal and the server; the remaining data amount of the target service is a difference between a total data amount of the target service and a transmitted data amount of the target service; the remaining expected time length is a difference value between the expected transmission time length of the target service and the transmitted time length of the target service, and N is an integer greater than or equal to 2;

a second processing unit, configured to determine, according to the remaining data amount of the target service, the remaining expected duration, and a throughput rate of each of the N links, a data amount to be transmitted of each of the N links; and the sum of the data quantity to be transmitted of the N links is equal to the residual data quantity.

14. The communication device according to claim 13, wherein the communication device further comprises a communication unit;

the communication unit is configured to send a first request message, where the first request message is used to request a total data volume and a desired bandwidth of the target service.

15. The communication device of claim 14,

the first processing unit is further configured to determine an expected transmission duration of the target service according to the total data volume of the target service and the expected bandwidth.

16. The communication device according to claim 13 or 14,

the first processing unit is further configured to determine an expected transmission data amount of each of the N links according to a total data amount of the target service, where a sum of the expected transmission data amounts of the N links is equal to the total data amount of the target service.

17. The communications apparatus as claimed in claim 16, wherein the expected transmission data amount of the N links is equal.

18. The communication apparatus according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the N links include a first link and a second link, and a traffic cost of the first link is higher than a traffic cost of the second link.

19. The communications device of claim 18, wherein the control unit is configured to control the power converter to operate in a power-on modeUnder the condition of (1), the data volume to be transmitted of the first link is equal to 0, and the data volume to be transmitted of the second link is equal to the residual data volume of the target service; wherein T is₂And X is the residual data volume of the target service, and a is the throughput rate of the second link.

20. The communications device of claim 18, wherein the control unit is configured to control the power converter to operate in a power-on modeIn case of (2), the amount of data to be transmitted of the first link is equal to X-T₂A, the amount of data to be transmitted of the second link is equal to T₂A; wherein, T₂And X is the residual data volume of the target service, a is the throughput rate of the second link, and b is the throughput rate of the first link.

21. The communications device of claim 18, wherein the control unit is configured to control the power converter to operate in a power-on modeIn case of (2), the amount of data to be transmitted of the first link is equal toThe amount of data to be transmitted of the second link is equal toWherein T is₂And X is the residual data volume of the target service, a is the throughput rate of the second link, and b is the throughput rate of the first link.

22. The communication device according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the communication device further comprises a communication unit;

the communication unit is configured to, for each link of N links, send first indication information to the server when a second transmission data amount of the link reaches a to-be-transmitted data amount of the link if a first remaining data amount of the link is greater than the to-be-transmitted data amount of the link, where the first indication information is used to indicate the server to stop sending data of the target service through the link; wherein the first remaining data amount of the link is a difference value between an expected transmission data amount of the link and the first transmission data amount of the link; the first transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link before the first time; the second transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link after the first time; the first time is the time when the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of the link.

23. The communication device according to any one of claims 19 to 21, wherein the communication device further comprises a communication unit;

the communication unit is configured to, for each link of the N links, send second indication information to the server when a second remaining data volume of the link reaches a preset value if the first remaining data volume of the link is smaller than the to-be-transmitted data volume of the link, where the second indication information is used to indicate the server to send the to-be-transmitted data of the target service on other links through the link; the first remaining data volume of the link is a difference value between an expected transmission data volume of the link and the first transmission data volume of the link; the second remaining data volume of the link is a difference value between the expected transmission data volume of the link and the transmission data volume of the link; the transmission data volume of the link is the sum of the first transmission data volume of the link and the second transmission data volume of the link; the first transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link before the first time; the second transmission data volume of the link is the data volume transmitted by the link after the first time; the first time is the time when the terminal determines the data volume to be transmitted of the link.

24. The communications apparatus of claim 23, wherein the preset value is equal to a product of a throughput rate of the link and a round trip delay of the link.

25. A data transmission apparatus, comprising: a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is coupled to the processor, which is configured to execute a computer program or instructions to implement the method according to any of claims 1-12.

26. A computer-readable storage medium having instructions stored therein, which when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-12.

27. A computer program product comprising instructions for causing a computer to perform the method according to any one of claims 1-12 when the computer program product is run on the computer.

28. A chip comprising a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface being coupled to the processor, the processor being configured to execute a computer program or instructions to implement the method according to any one of claims 1 to 12.