CN110635902A - Chaotic key distribution system and method based on dispersion keying synchronization - Google Patents
Chaotic key distribution system and method based on dispersion keying synchronization Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of secret communication, in particular to a chaotic key safety distribution system and a chaotic key safety distribution method based on dispersion keying synchronization, which solve the problems in the background technology, wherein the system comprises a first DFB laser 1, a first 1 x 2 optical fiber coupler 2, a CFBG chirped fiber grating 3, a second 1 x 2 optical fiber coupler 4, an A communication party and a B communication party, wherein the A communication party and the B communication party respectively comprise an optical fiber circulator, an optical switch, a memory, a first dispersion module, a second dispersion module, a photoelectric detector, an analog-to-digital converter and a bit filter. When the optical switch is switched, a random sequence fed back by dispersion can be directly obtained, the related key distribution is not influenced by the synchronous recovery time, and the key distribution rate is improved; meanwhile, the state of the chaotic light of the first DFB laser is changed through dispersion feedback, so that the chaotic light directly emitted by the first DFB laser is not related to the chaotic light after the dispersion feedback, and the safety of key distribution is enhanced by utilizing the nonlinear characteristic.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of secret communication, relates to key distribution, and particularly relates to a chaotic key safety distribution system and a chaotic key safety distribution method based on dispersion keying synchronization.
Background
To secure the security of a secure communication system, secure key distribution is crucial. Secure communication between two users in a cryptographic system relies on a secret key known only to both parties. The two users share the key through a secure key distribution scheme.
The security of existing key distribution schemes has mainly two forms: security based on computation and security based on information theory. For computing-based security, it needs to be premised on the limited computing power of an eavesdropper. For security based on information theory it does not need to take account of the computational power of the eavesdropper.
The basic principle of the calculation-based key distribution scheme is as follows: the key distribution center KDC shares a unique pair of master keys (physically delivered, e.g. U-shield) with each end user. Each session between end users applies a unique session key to the KDC, and the session key is encrypted by a master key shared with the KDC to complete the transfer. A computing-based key distribution scheme utilizes public and private keys to solve the difficult problem of public distribution of keys. With multiple DES, RSA algorithms, etc., the security of public and private keys depends on the complexity of the algorithms and the computational power of eavesdroppers, and with the current generation-updating speed of computer processors becoming faster and faster, the processing speed of processors increasing and the attack algorithms continuing to improve, the security of the key distribution scheme based on computation will face great challenges.
The information theory-based security key distribution is realized by physical principle-based security key distribution, which has the following classifications:
1. quantum key distribution: quantum key distribution is an absolutely safe key distribution scheme, and a single photon is used as a communication carrier to encode a key in the polarization state of the single photon. And the key agreement between the two communication parties is realized by comparing the phases of the two parties. Because in quantum mechanics, there is no process that can accurately replicate an unknown quantum state, quantum key distribution has unconditional security. Because single photon transmission power is weak, long-distance transmission is difficult to realize, and the key transmission rate is only Mbit/s [ Nature Photonics volume 10, pages 312-;
2. key distribution based on fiber laser: according to the key distribution scheme based on the optical fiber laser, different reflectors are required to be arranged at two ends of an optical fiber, a narrow-band filter is arranged at each of the two ends in the optical fiber, and when laser generated by different reflectors is used as a private key, a user can judge the reflector selection condition of the opposite side by using the power of the laser. Since the light of the two states is strictly symmetric and cannot be distinguished by an eavesdropper, this scheme is a key distribution scheme that is strictly physically secure. The key distribution scheme based on fiber Laser has realized 500Km key distribution, and the key exchange rate is 100bit/s [ Laser & Photonics Reviews, 8 (3): 436-. The key exchange rate of the scheme is limited by the generation mode of the key, and the laser needs to oscillate back and forth in the optical fiber for multiple times to generate the first key, so the key generation rate is low;
3. based on chaotic synchronization key distribution, constant amplitude random phase key distribution driven by a broadband signal source: the key distribution driven by the broadband signal source based on the constant amplitude random phase is to drive a plurality of scramblers by utilizing the broadband signal source with constant amplitude and random phase change to realize chaotic synchronization among the scramblers. The chaotic state of the scrambler can be changed by changing a phase parameter within the scrambler. And the key distribution is realized by selecting random number sequences with the same phase parameters. Key distribution based on a constant amplitude random phase broadband signal source driven key distribution has achieved 120Km with a key exchange rate of 182kbit/s [ Physical Review Letters,108 (7): 070602, 2012 ]. Security in this scheme relies on a constant amplitude random phase broadband signal source, whose rapid time changes cannot be detected completely by an eavesdropper using prior art techniques.
In the existing key distribution technology, the quantum key distribution security is strong, but the key distribution rate is low; the key distribution scheme based on calculation has poor safety; the security key distribution rate based on the physical principle is high, but the security of the security key distribution is still required to be further improved. There is a need for a key distribution technique that can maintain the chaotic key distribution rate and improve the security thereof. The invention relates to a key distribution technology based on chaotic time delay coherent dynamic monitoring, aiming at improving the safety of chaotic key distribution.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of low key distribution rate and poor safety in the prior art, and provides a chaotic key distribution system and a chaotic key distribution method based on dispersion monitoring synchronization.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problem of the invention provides a chaotic key distribution system based on dispersion keying synchronization, which comprises a first DFB laser, a first 1 x 2 optical fiber coupler, a CFBG chirped fiber grating, a second 1 x 2 optical fiber coupler, an A communication party and a B communication party; the output end of the first DFB laser is connected to the input end of a first 1 x 2 fiber coupler, one output end of the first 1 x 2 fiber coupler is connected to the CFBG chirped fiber grating, and the other output end is connected to the input end of a second 1 x 2 fiber coupler; the A communication party comprises an A-party optical fiber circulator, an A-party optical switch and an A-party storage, the input end of the A-party optical fiber circulator is connected with one output end of a second 1 x 2 optical fiber coupler, the reflection end of the A-party optical fiber circulator is connected to the A-party optical switch, the A-party optical switch is further connected with a first A-party dispersion module and a second A-party dispersion module, the storage channel of the A-party optical switch is connected to the input end of the A-party storage, the output end of the A-party optical fiber circulator is sequentially connected with an A-party photoelectric detector, an A-party analog-to-digital converter and an A-party bit filter, and the output end of the A-party storage is connected to the A-party bit filter; the B communication party comprises a B party optical fiber circulator, a B party optical switch and a B party storage, the input end of the B party optical fiber circulator is connected with the other output end of the second 1 x 2 optical fiber coupler, the reflection end of the B party optical fiber circulator is connected to the B party optical switch, the B party optical switch is further connected with a first B party dispersion module and a second B party dispersion module, the storage channel of the B party optical switch is connected to the input end of the B party storage, the output end of the B party optical fiber circulator is sequentially connected with a B party photoelectric detector, a B party analog-to-digital converter and a B party bit filter, and the output end of the B party storage is connected to the B party bit filter; a public channel is connected between the A-side storage and the B-side storage, the dispersion amounts of the first A-side dispersion module and the first B-side dispersion module are consistent, the dispersion amounts of the second A-side dispersion module and the second B-side dispersion module are consistent, and the A-side optical switch and the B-side optical switch are both connected to an upper computer.
Further, a second DFB laser is connected between the output end of the A-side optical fiber circulator and the input end of the A-side photoelectric detector; and a third DFB laser is connected between the output end of the B-side optical fiber circulator and the input end of the B-side photoelectric detector. By adjusting the parameters of the second DFB laser and the third DFB laser, the safety of the chaotic key distribution system based on dispersion keying synchronization can be effectively improved. After the second DFB laser and the third DFB laser are added, the key space of the A communication party or the B communication party can be enlarged, the eavesdropping difficulty of an eavesdropper is increased, and the security of key distribution is improved.
The invention also provides a chaos key distribution method based on dispersion keying synchronization, which comprises the following steps:
The method comprises the steps of firstly, feeding back the CFBG chirped fiber bragg grating to enable chaotic light output by a first 1 x 2 fiber coupler to become chaotic light without time delay characteristics, and then carrying out dispersion feedback on the chaotic light without the time delay characteristics by using different dispersion modules; the communication party A and the communication party B can feed back chaotic light which is irrelevant to each other by adjusting the dispersion quantity of the dispersion modules, wherein in the invention, the dispersion quantities of the first A-party dispersion module of the communication party A and the first B-party dispersion module of the communication party B are consistent, and the random number sequences generated by the first A-party dispersion module and the first B-party dispersion module are consistent; the dispersion quantity of a second A-side dispersion module of the A communication party is consistent with that of a second B-side dispersion module of the B communication party, and the random number sequences generated by the second A-side dispersion module and the second B-side dispersion module are consistent; in the system of the communication party A and the communication party B, the random switching states of different dispersion modules are selected as private keys through random switching of an upper computer, private key exchange is carried out by the two communication parties through a public channel, random number sequences corresponding to the same dispersion are selected through comparison of a bit filter, and then bit filtering is carried out to obtain a consistent key, wherein the consistent key is a security key of the communication party A or a security key of the communication party B.
Further, in the communication party A, feedback light is output by the optical fiber circulator on the party A and then passes through the second DFB laser, and chaotic light output by the second DFB laser is transmitted to the photoelectric detector on the party A; in the B communication party, feedback light is output by the B party optical fiber circulator and then passes through the third DFB laser, and chaotic light output by the third DFB laser is transmitted to the B party photoelectric detector. By adjusting the parameters of the second and third DFB lasers, the security of the key distribution method can be enhanced. After the second DFB laser and the third DFB laser are added, the key space of the A communication party or the B communication party can be enlarged, the eavesdropping difficulty of an eavesdropper is increased, and the security of key distribution is improved; meanwhile, due to the action of light injection of the first DFB laser, the bandwidth of chaotic laser signals of the second DFB laser and the third DFB laser is enhanced, so that the key distribution rate is greatly improved.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the chaotic key distribution system and method based on dispersion keying synchronization can directly obtain a random sequence of dispersion feedback when the optical switch is used for switching, the related key distribution is not influenced by the synchronization recovery time, and the key distribution rate is improved; meanwhile, the chaotic light state of the first DFB laser is changed through dispersion feedback, so that chaotic light directly emitted by the first DFB laser is not related to chaotic light after dispersion feedback, and the safety of key distribution is enhanced by utilizing the nonlinear characteristics of chaotic light feedback and injection. After the second DFB laser and the third DFB laser are added, the safety of the key distribution method can be enhanced by adjusting the parameters of the second DFB laser and the third DFB laser; meanwhile, the key space of the communication party A or the communication party B can be enlarged, the eavesdropping difficulty of an eavesdropper is increased, and the security of key distribution is improved; chaotic light output by the second DFB laser and the third DFB laser is not related to chaotic light directly emitted by the first DFB laser and chaotic light emitted by the first DFB laser after dispersion feedback, and due to the action of light injection of the first DFB laser, the chaotic laser signal bandwidths of the second DFB laser and the third DFB laser are enhanced, so that the key distribution rate is greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a chaotic key distribution system based on dispersion keying synchronization according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a chaotic key distribution system based on dispersion keying synchronization according to the present invention (with the addition of a second DFB laser and a third DFB laser).
In the figure: 1-a first DFB laser; 2-a first 1 x 2 fiber coupler; 3-CFBG chirped fiber grating; 4-a second 1 x 2 fiber coupler; 5a-A square optical fiber circulator; 5B-a square fiber circulator; 6a-A square on-off keying; 6B-B square on-off keying; 7 a-a first a-square dispersion module; 7 b-a second a-square dispersion module; 8 a-a first B-side dispersion module; 8B-a second B-square dispersion module; 9 a-party a memory; 9B-party memory; 10 a-a second DFB laser; 10 b-a third DFB laser; 11 a-a square photodetector; 11B-B square photodetector; 12a-a square analog-to-digital converter; a 12B-B-side analog-to-digital converter; 13a-a square bit filter; 13B-square bit filter; 14-common channel.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", "third", and the like are used only for distinguishing the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply relative importance.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a system and a method for chaotic key distribution based on dispersion keying synchronization according to the present invention will now be described.
A chaotic key distribution system based on dispersion keying synchronization, as shown in fig. 1, comprises a first DFB laser 1, a first 1 x 2 fiber coupler 2, a CFBG chirped fiber grating 3, a second 1 x 2 fiber coupler 4, a communication party a and a communication party B; the output end of the first DFB laser 1 is connected to the input end of a first 1 x 2 fiber coupler 2, one output end of the first 1 x 2 fiber coupler 2 is connected to the CFBG chirped fiber grating 3, and the other output end is connected to the input end of a second 1 x 2 fiber coupler 4; the A communication side comprises an A-side optical fiber circulator 5a, an A-side optical switch 6a and an A-side memory 9a, the input end of the A-side optical fiber circulator 5a is connected with one output end of a second 1 x 2 optical fiber coupler 4, the reflection end of the A-side optical fiber circulator 5a is connected to the A-side optical switch 6a, the A-side optical switch 6a is further connected with a first A-side dispersion module 7a and a second A-side dispersion module 8a, the storage channel of the A-side optical switch 6a is connected to the input end of the A-side memory 9a, the output end of the A-side optical fiber circulator 5a is sequentially connected with an A-side photodetector 11a, an A-side analog-to-digital converter 12a and an A-side bit filter 13a, and the output end of the A-side memory 9a is connected to the A-side bit filter 13 a; the B communication side comprises a B-side optical fiber circulator 5B, a B-side optical switch 6B and a B-side memory 9B, the input end of the B-side optical fiber circulator 5B is connected with the other output end of the second 1 x 2 optical fiber coupler 4, the reflection end of the B-side optical fiber circulator 5B is connected to the B-side optical switch 6B, the B-side optical switch 6B is further connected with a first B-side dispersion module 7B and a second B-side dispersion module 8B, the storage channel of the B-side optical switch 6B is connected to the input end of the B-side memory 9B, the output end of the B-side optical fiber circulator 5B is sequentially connected with a B-side photodetector 11B, a B-side analog-to-digital converter 12B and a B-side bit filter 13B, and the output end of the B-side memory 9B is connected to the B-side bit filter 13B; a public channel 14 is connected between the A-side memory 9a and the B-side memory 9B, the first A-side dispersion module 7a is consistent with the first B-side dispersion module 7B, the second A-side dispersion module 8a is consistent with the second B-side dispersion module 8B, and the A-side optical switch 6a and the B-side optical switch 6B are both connected to an upper computer.
Further, as a specific embodiment of the system for chaotic key distribution based on dispersion keying synchronization according to the present invention, a second DFB laser 10a is connected between the output end of the a-party optical fiber circulator 5a and the input end of the a-party photodetector 11 a; a third DFB laser 10B is connected between the output end of the B-side optical fiber circulator 5B and the input end of the B-side photodetector 11B, and the specific structure is shown in fig. two. After the second DFB laser 10a and the third DFB laser 10B are added, the key space of the a communication party or the B communication party can be increased, the eavesdropping difficulty of an eavesdropper can be increased, and the security of key distribution can be improved.
A chaos key distribution method based on dispersion keying synchronization comprises the following steps:
in the A communication party, input chaotic light is injected into an A-party optical fiber circulator 5a and is injected into an A-party optical switch 6a from a reflection end, the A-party optical switch 6a is controlled by an upper computer, so that a first A-party dispersion module 7a or a second A-party dispersion module 8a is randomly selected for optical feedback, feedback light generates an A-party random number sequence after passing through the output of the A-party optical fiber circulator 5a and sequentially passing through an A-party photoelectric detector 11a and an A-party analog-to-digital converter 12a, the A-party random number sequence is transmitted to an A-party bit filter 13a, and the A-party optical switch 6a stores the random switching state of the upper computer as an A-party private key into an A-party memory 9 a; the transmission processes of the B communication party and the A communication party are completely consistent, private keys are exchanged between the A communication party memory 9a and the B communication party memory 9B through a public channel 14, the dispersion amounts of the first A party dispersion module 7a and the first B party dispersion module 7B are consistent, so that the random number sequences generated by the two are consistent, and the dispersion amounts of the second A party dispersion module 8a and the second B party dispersion module 8B are consistent, so that the random number sequences generated by the two are also consistent;
The method comprises the steps of firstly, feeding back the chaotic light output by a first 1 x 2 optical fiber coupler 2 into chaotic light without time delay characteristics by using a CFBG chirped fiber grating 3, and then performing dispersion feedback on the chaotic light without the time delay characteristics by using different dispersion modules; in the invention, the first A-party dispersion module 7a of the A communication party and the first B-party dispersion module 7B of the B communication party have the same dispersion amount, and the random number sequences generated by the first A-party dispersion module 7a and the first B-party dispersion module 7B are consistent; the dispersion amount of the second a-side dispersion module 8a of the a communication party is consistent with that of the second B-side dispersion module 8B of the B communication party, and the random number sequences generated by the second a-side dispersion module 8a and the second B-side dispersion module 8B are consistent; in the system of the communication party A and the communication party B, the random switching states of different dispersion modules are selected as private keys through random switching of an upper computer, the private keys are exchanged by the two communication parties through a public channel 14, random number sequences corresponding to the same dispersion are selected through comparison of bit filters, and then bit filtering is carried out to obtain a consistent key, wherein the consistent key is a security key of the communication party A or a security key of the communication party B.
Further, as a specific talk implementation manner of the dispersion keying synchronization-based chaotic key distribution method according to the present invention, in the communication party a, the feedback light passes through the second DFB laser 10a after being output by the optical fiber circulator 5a of the party a, and the chaotic light output by the second DFB laser 10a is transmitted to the photodetector 11a of the party a; in the communication party B, the feedback light passes through the third DFB laser 10B after being output by the optical fiber circulator 5B on the party B, and the chaotic light output by the third DFB laser 10B is transmitted to the photoelectric detector 12a on the party B.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A chaotic key distribution system based on dispersion keying synchronization, comprising a first DFB laser (1), a first 1 x 2 fiber coupler (2), a CFBG chirped fiber grating (3), a second 1 x 2 fiber coupler (4), an a communication party and a B communication party; the output end of the first DFB laser (1) is connected to the input end of a first 1 x 2 fiber coupler (2), one output end of the first 1 x 2 fiber coupler (2) is connected to the CFBG chirped fiber grating (3), and the other output end is connected to the input end of a second 1 x 2 fiber coupler (4); the A communication party comprises an A-party optical fiber circulator (5 a), an A-party optical switch (6 a) and an A-party memory (9 a), the input end of the a-square optical fiber circulator (5 a) is connected to one output end of a second 1 x 2 optical fiber coupler (4), the reflection end of the A-side optical fiber circulator (5 a) is connected to an A-side optical switch (6 a), the A-side optical switch (6 a) is also connected with a first A-side dispersion module (7 a) and a second A-side dispersion module (8 a), the storage channel of the A-side optical switch (6 a) is connected to the input of an A-side memory (9 a), the output end of the A-side optical fiber circulator (5 a) is sequentially connected with an A-side photoelectric detector (11 a), an A-side analog-digital converter (12 a) and an A-side bit filter (13 a), the output of the A-side memory (9 a) is connected to an A-side bit filter (13 a); the B communication party comprises a B-party optical fiber circulator (5B), a B-party optical switch (6B) and a B-party memory (9B), the input end of the B-side optical fiber circulator (5B) is connected to the other output end of the second 1 x 2 optical fiber coupler (4), the reflection end of the B-side optical fiber circulator (5B) is connected to a B-side optical switch (6B), the B-side optical switch (6B) is also connected with a first B-side dispersion module (7B) and a second B-side dispersion module (8B), the storage channel of the B-side optical switch (6B) is connected to the input end of a B-side memory (9B), the output end of the B-side optical fiber circulator (5B) is sequentially connected with a B-side photoelectric detector (11B), a B-side analog-digital converter (12B) and a B-side bit filter (13B), the output end of the B-side memory (9B) is connected to a B-side bit filter (13B); a public channel (14) is connected between the A-side memory (9 a) and the B-side memory (9B), the dispersion quantities of the first A-side dispersion module (7 a) and the first B-side dispersion module (7B) are consistent, the dispersion quantities of the second A-side dispersion module (8 a) and the second B-side dispersion module (8B) are consistent, and the A-side optical switch (6 a) and the B-side optical switch (6B) are both connected to an upper computer.
2. The chaotic key distribution system based on dispersion keying synchronization according to claim 1, wherein a second DFB laser (10 a) is connected between the output end of the a-side optical fiber circulator (5 a) and the input end of the a-side photodetector (11 a); and a third DFB laser (10B) is connected between the output end of the B-side optical fiber circulator (5B) and the input end of the B-side photoelectric detector (11B).
3. A chaotic key distribution method based on dispersion keying synchronization, which is implemented by the system of claim 1, and comprises the following steps:
in the A communication party, input chaotic light is injected into an A-party optical fiber circulator (5 a) and is injected into an A-party optical switch (6 a) from a reflection end, the A-party optical switch (6 a) is controlled by an upper computer, so that a first A-party dispersion module (7 a) or a second A-party dispersion module (8 a) is randomly selected for optical feedback, feedback light is output through the A-party optical fiber circulator (5 a) and generates an A-party random number sequence after sequentially passing through an A-party photoelectric detector (11 a) and an A-party analog-to-digital converter (12 a), the A-party random number sequence is transmitted into an A-party bit filter (13 a), and the A-party optical switch (6 a) stores the random switching state of the upper computer into an A-party memory (9 a) as an A-party private key; the transmission process of the B communication party and the A communication party is completeThe private keys are exchanged between the A-side memory (9 a) and the B-side memory (9B) through a public channel (14), the dispersion quantities of the first A-side dispersion module (7 a) and the first B-side dispersion module (7B) are consistent, so that the random number sequences generated by the first A-side dispersion module and the first B-side dispersion module are consistent, and the dispersion quantities of the second A-side dispersion module (8 a) and the second B-side dispersion module (8B) are consistent, so that the random number sequences generated by the first A-side dispersion module and the second B-side dispersion module are the same;
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein in the communication party A, the feedback light passes through the second DFB laser (10 a) after being output by the optical fiber circulator (5 a) of the party A, and the chaotic light output by the second DFB laser (10 a) is transmitted to the photodetector (11 a) of the party A; in the communication party B, feedback light passes through a third DFB laser (10B) after being output by the optical fiber circulator (5B) of the party B, and chaotic light output by the third DFB laser (10B) is transmitted to a photoelectric detector (12 a) of the party B.
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| CN111245595A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-05 | 广东工业大学 | Optical secret communication system based on chaos random key distribution |
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| CN113890723A (en) * | 2021-10-13 | 2022-01-04 | 广东工业大学 | Device and method for enhancing safety of co-driven chaotic synchronization system |
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