CN110635863A

CN110635863A - Method for transmitting modulation symbol, method for receiving modulation symbol and communication device

Info

Publication number: CN110635863A
Application number: CN201810646764.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴艺群; 陈雁
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2018-06-21
Filing date: 2018-06-21
Publication date: 2019-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 2038-06-21
Also published as: CN110635863B; WO2019242738A1

Abstract

The application provides a method for transmitting modulation symbols, which comprises the following steps: spreading a modulation symbol sequence comprising a plurality of modulation symbols according to a spreading factor L, wherein the spread modulation symbol sequence comprises K multiplied by L modulation symbols, L is an integer larger than 1, and K is an integer larger than or equal to 1; performing first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence; since the modulation symbols of the same user or the same service are generally continuous in the spread modulation symbol sequence, the transmission device interleaves the modulation symbol sequence to be transmitted in units of modulation symbols, and maps the interleaved modulation symbol sequence on the resource units, so that the modulation symbols of the same user or the same service can be dispersed in the frequency domain, diversity gain can be improved, and reliability and efficiency of communication can be improved.

Description

Method for transmitting modulation symbol, method for receiving modulation symbol and communication device

Technical Field

The embodiments of the present application relate to the field of communications, and in particular, to a method for transmitting modulation symbols, a method for receiving modulation symbols, and a communication device.

Background

In a wireless communication system, a wireless channel usually exhibits frequency selective fading (frequency selective fading) due to the influence of multipath propagation, i.e., different frequency resource locations have different channel qualities. If accurate channel quality information is obtained through channel estimation in advance, the information can be transmitted at a frequency domain resource position with good channel quality so as to improve the transmission efficiency. If accurate channel quality information cannot be acquired, the data of the same user is concentrated on the channel with poor channel quality, so that the communication of the user is seriously affected, and the reliability and the efficiency of the communication are reduced.

Disclosure of Invention

The application provides a method and a device for transmitting modulation symbols, a method and a device for receiving modulation symbols and communication equipment, which can improve the reliability and efficiency of communication.

In a first aspect, a method for transmitting modulation symbols is provided, comprising: spreading a modulation symbol sequence comprising a plurality of modulation symbols according to a spreading factor L, wherein the spread modulation symbol sequence corresponds to K multiplied by L modulation symbols, L is an integer greater than 1, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1; performing first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence; and mapping the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol sequence subjected to the first interleaving to K multiplied by L resource units and sending the modulation symbols.

Optionally, the first interleaving is performed in units of modulation symbols.

Wherein the "unit" of interleaving may refer to interleaving the shifted object.

For example, when interleaving a data set including a plurality of data, if interleaving is performed on a data group (including a plurality of data) basis, after interleaving, only the positions of the plurality of data groups change, and the relative positions of the respective data in the same data group do not change in the data group.

Accordingly, if interleaving is performed in units of data, the relative position between data of the same data group changes after interleaving.

The modulation symbol sequence in the present application corresponds to the data set, and the modulation symbol corresponds to data.

That is, "first interleaving the modulation symbol sequence in units of modulation symbols" may be understood as that, after the first interleaving, positions of some modulation symbols in the modulation symbol sequence within an interleaving block to which the modulation symbols belong are changed.

In addition, "performing the first interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence in units of modulation symbols" may also be understood as: the modulation symbol sequence is first interleaved with a granularity (or granularity) of the modulation symbols.

One of the interleaved blocks is the size of the amount of data processed by the interleaver in one interleaving process, that is, one interleaved block may include a plurality of data (for example, the above modulation symbols), and the interleaver changes the position of the data in the input interleaved block within the range of the interleaved block.

Before the first interleaving, two adjacent modulation symbols (denoted as modulation symbol #1 and modulation symbol #2) exist in the modulation symbol sequence, and after the first interleaving, the modulation symbol #1 and the modulation symbol #2 may not be adjacent in the modulation symbol sequence.

For example, if the first interleaving is not performed, the modulation symbol #1 and the modulation symbol #2 may be modulation symbols in the same Virtual Resource Block (VRB). In other words, when the first interleaving is not performed, the VRB numbers corresponding to the modulation symbol #1 and the modulation symbol #2 are the same.

After the first interleaving, the modulation symbol #1 and the modulation symbol #2 may be located in different VRBs, or after the first interleaving, the VRB numbers corresponding to the modulation symbol #1 and the modulation symbol #2 are different.

Or after the first interleaving and resource mapping, the modulation symbol #1 and the modulation symbol #2 may be located in different Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs), or after the first interleaving, the PRB numbers corresponding to the modulation symbol #1 and the modulation symbol #2 are different.

As another example, the modulation symbol #1 and the modulation symbol #2 may be modulation symbols in the same VRB set (bundle) before the first interleaving. Wherein, one VRB set may include S VRBs, and S may be an integer greater than or equal to 1. For example, S may be 2, i.e., one VRB set may include 2 VRBs.

After the first interleaving, the modulation symbol #1 and the modulation symbol #2 may be located in different VRB sets.

Or after the first interleaving and resource mapping, the modulation symbols #1 and #2 may be located in different PRB sets, where one PRB set may include S PRBs, and S may be an integer greater than or equal to 1. For example, S may be 2, i.e., one PRB set may include 2 PRBs.

According to the scheme provided by the application, since the modulation symbols of the same user or the same service are generally continuous in the spread modulation symbol sequence, the transmitting device interleaves the modulation symbol sequence to be transmitted in units of modulation symbols, and maps the interleaved modulation symbol sequence on the resource unit, so that the modulation symbols of the same user or the same service can be dispersed in the frequency domain, that is, the diversity gain can be improved, and the reliability and efficiency of communication can be improved.

Optionally, the spread modulation symbol sequence corresponds to one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols.

The spread modulation symbol sequence corresponds to one or more OFDM symbols, which may be understood as that the spread modulation symbol sequence may be mapped on one or more OFDM symbols in the time domain.

In this case, the first interleaving of the spread modulation symbol sequence includes: and taking T OFDM symbols as an interleaving block, and performing first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence, wherein T is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Where the value of T is a predefined value, for example, a communication system or a communication protocol may specify the value of T.

Or the value of T is determined by the network equipment and is sent to the terminal equipment through a high-level signaling.

For example, in the present application, the value of T may be 1, that is, the transmitting device may use one OFDM symbol as an input of one interleaver in one interleaving process, that is, in this case, the modulation symbols within one OFDM symbol are still located within the OFDM symbol after interleaving.

For another example, in the present application, the value of T may be 2, that is, the transmitting device may use 2 OFDM symbols as an input of one interleaver in one interleaving process, that is, in this case, modulation symbols within 2 OFDM symbols as one interleaving block are still located within the 2 OFDM symbols after interleaving. However, the modulation symbol in one OFDM symbol (denoted as OFDM symbol #1) of the 2 OFDM symbols may be located in the OFDM symbol #1 after interleaving, or may be located in another OFDM symbol (denoted as OFDM symbol #2) of the 2 OFDM symbols, and the present application is not particularly limited.

That is, when T is greater than or equal to 2, the transmitting apparatus may take T OFDM symbols as input of one interleaver at one interleaving process, i.e., in this case, modulation symbols within T OFDM symbols as one interleaving block are still located within the T OFDM symbols after interleaving. After being interleaved, any modulation symbol in the T OFDM symbols may be located in any OFDM symbol in the T OFDM symbols, which is not particularly limited in this application.

Optionally, the first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence includes: and performing first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence according to the spreading factor L.

For example, the first interleaving the spread modulation symbol sequence according to the spreading factor L includes: determining a first interleaving matrix according to the spreading factor L, wherein the first interleaving matrix comprises N multiplied by L rows, and N is a positive integer; filling modulation symbols to be subjected to first interleaving to a storage space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the column direction of the first interleaving matrix; and outputting the modulation symbols after the first interleaving from the storage space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the row direction of the first interleaving matrix.

And optionally, before outputting the modulated symbols after the first interleaving from the memory space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the row direction of the first interleaving matrix, the first interleaving further includes: and circularly shifting elements in the ith column of the first interleaving matrix according to the first shift value, wherein the ith column is any column in the first interleaving matrix.

Thus, the frequency domain diversity gain can be further improved.

Wherein the first shift value may be determined according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the receiving end device of the modulation symbol sequence is located.

For example, in the present application, the cell identifier may be M, and a random sequence c (i) may be generated by using a method described in section 5.2.1 in 3GPP TS38.211, where the initial value c of the sequence is_initGenerated using the following equation:

c_init＝(M+n×2¹⁵)mod2³¹

where n is the slot number.

Thus, the cyclic shift value ω (i) of the ith column can be expressed as:

wherein V may be

Indicating a ceiling operation.

By configuring different shift values for different cells, inter-cell interference can be reduced.

For another example, the first interleaving the spread modulation symbol sequence according to the spreading factor L includes: the spread modulation symbol sequence is first interleaved according to the following formula.

π(i×K+j)＝i+j×L，i＝0,…,L-1,j＝0,…,K-1

Wherein, L represents a spreading factor, K represents the number of spreading units included in the modulation symbol sequence, i × K + j represents the position of the modulation symbol before interleaving, and pi (i × K + j) represents the position of the modulation symbol after interleaving, i.e., i + j × L.

Optionally, the first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence includes: determining a first interleaving sequence according to the cell identification of the cell in which the receiving end equipment of the modulation symbol sequence is positioned; and performing first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence according to the first interleaving sequence.

For example, and not by way of limitation, the interleaving sequence may be determined based on the following equation,

σ(i)＝mod(π(i)+a_kl × K), wherein i ═ 0, …, L × K-1

π(i)＝mod(f₁×i²+f₂×i,L×K)

Wherein σ (i) represents the position of the ith modulation symbol in the modulation symbol sequence after interleaving, L × K is the number of symbols included in the modulation symbol sequence, wherein L represents a spreading factor, K represents the number of spreading units included in the modulation symbol sequence, f₁And f₂Is a predefined parameter, a_kIs determined based on the cell identity, e.g. the cell identity may be M in this application, in which case a_kMay be equal to M, or a random number (or, alternatively, may be referred to as a random sequence) initialized with M.

For example, the random sequence c (i) may be generated using a method such as that described in section 5.2.1 of 3GPP TS38.211, where the initial value c of the sequence is_initGenerated using the following equation:

c_init＝(M+n×2¹⁵)mod2³¹

where n is the slot number.

The main body of the method (i.e., the transmission device of the modulation symbol) may be a terminal device or a network device, and the present application is not particularly limited.

Optionally, when the main execution body of the method is a terminal device, the method further includes: receiving first indication information sent by network equipment, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating that the first interleaving is carried out on the expanded modulation symbol sequence; and the first interleaving of the spread modulation symbol sequence comprises: and performing first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence according to the first indication information.

Optionally, when the execution subject of the method is a network device, the method further includes: and sending second indication information to the terminal equipment, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating that the spread modulation symbol sequence is subjected to first interleaving.

Optionally, the modulation symbol sequence after the first interleaving corresponds to a plurality of virtual resource block VRB sets, the K × L resource units correspond to a plurality of physical resource block PRB sets, where each VRB set includes S VRBs, each PRB set includes S PRBs, S is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and the mapping and transmitting the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol sequence after the first interleaving onto the K × L resource units includes: carrying out second interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence subjected to the first interleaving by taking a VRB set as a unit; and mapping a plurality of VRBs in the modulation symbol sequence subjected to the second interleaving to a plurality of virtual resource block VRB sets and transmitting.

In a second aspect, a method for receiving modulation symbols is provided, comprising: receiving a modulation symbol sequence comprising K × L modulation symbols through K × L resource units, wherein L is a spreading factor, L is an integer greater than 1, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1; performing a first deinterleaving on the modulation symbol sequence; and according to the spreading factor L, despreading the modulation symbol sequence after the first de-interleaving.

Optionally, the first deinterleaving is performed in units of modulation symbols.

Wherein the "unit" of deinterleaving may refer to an object shifted by deinterleaving.

For example, when deinterleaving a data set including a plurality of data, if deinterleaving is performed on a data group (including a plurality of data) basis, after deinterleaving, only the positions of the plurality of data groups change, and the relative positions of the respective data in the same data group do not change in the data group.

Accordingly, if deinterleaving is performed in units of data, the relative position between data of the same data group changes after deinterleaving.

That is, "first deinterleaving a modulation symbol sequence in units of modulation symbols" means that, after the first deinterleaving, positions of some modulation symbols in the modulation symbol sequence within an interleaving block to which the modulation symbols belong are changed.

One of the interleaved blocks is the size of the amount of data processed by the interleaver in one deinterleaving process, that is, one interleaved block may include a plurality of data (for example, the above-described modulation symbols), and the interleaver performs position change on the data in the input interleaved block within the range of the interleaved block.

Before the first deinterleaving, there are two non-adjacent modulation symbols (denoted as modulation symbol #3 and modulation symbol #4) in the modulation symbol sequence, and after the first deinterleaving, the modulation symbol #3 and the modulation symbol #4 may be adjacent in the modulation symbol sequence.

For example, if the first deinterleaving is not performed, the modulation symbol #3 and the modulation symbol #4 may be modulation symbols in a non-VRB. Or, if the first deinterleaving is not performed, the VRB numbers corresponding to the modulation symbol #3 and the modulation symbol #4 are different.

After the first deinterleaving, the modulation symbol #3 and the modulation symbol #4 may be located in the same VRB, or after the first deinterleaving, the VRB numbers corresponding to the modulation symbol #3 and the modulation symbol #4 are the same.

Or, if the resource de-mapping and the first de-interleaving are not performed, the modulation symbol #1 and the modulation symbol #2 may be located in different PRBs, or, if the resource de-mapping and the first de-interleaving are not performed, the PRB sequence numbers corresponding to the modulation symbol #1 and the modulation symbol #2 are different.

As another example, if the first deinterleaving is not performed, the modulation symbol #3 and the modulation symbol #4 may be modulation symbols in different VRB sets (tiles). Wherein, one VRB set may include S VRBs, and S may be an integer greater than or equal to 1. For example, S may be 2, i.e., one VRB set may include 2 VRBs.

After the first deinterleaving, the modulation symbol #3 and the modulation symbol #4 may be located in the same VRB set.

In other words, after undergoing de-resource mapping and the first de-interleaving, the modulation symbols #3 and #4 may be located in the same PRB set, where one PRB set may include S PRBs, and S may be an integer greater than or equal to 1. For example, S may be 2, i.e., one PRB set may include 2 PRBs.

Optionally, the modulation symbol sequence corresponds to one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbols.

In this case, the first deinterleaving of the modulation symbol sequence includes: and taking T OFDM symbols as an interleaving block, and performing first de-interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence, wherein T is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Wherein the value of T is a predefined value, for example, a communication system or a communication protocol may specify the value of T.

For example, in the present application, the value of T may be 1, i.e., the receiving device may use one OFDM symbol as an input of one interleaver in one deinterleaving process, i.e., in this case, the modulation symbols within one OFDM symbol are still located within the OFDM symbol after deinterleaving.

For another example, in the present application, the value of T may be 2, that is, the receiving device may use 2 OFDM symbols as an input of one interleaver in one deinterleaving process, that is, in this case, modulation symbols within 2 OFDM symbols as one interleaving block still lie within the 2 OFDM symbols after deinterleaving. However, the modulation symbol in one OFDM symbol (denoted as OFDM symbol #3) of the 2 OFDM symbols may be located in the OFDM symbol #3 after deinterleaving, or may be located in another OFDM symbol (denoted as OFDM symbol #4) of the 2 OFDM symbols, and the present application is not particularly limited thereto.

That is, when T is greater than or equal to 2, the receiving apparatus may take T OFDM symbols as input to one interleaver at one deinterleaving process, i.e., in this case, modulation symbols within T OFDM symbols as one interleaving block are still located within the T OFDM symbols after deinterleaving. After deinterleaving, any one modulation symbol in the T OFDM symbols may be located in any one OFDM symbol in the T OFDM symbols, and the present application is not particularly limited.

Optionally, the first deinterleaving the modulation symbol sequence includes: and performing first de-interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence according to the spreading factor L.

For example, the first deinterleaving the modulation symbol sequence according to the spreading factor L includes: determining a first interleaving matrix according to the spreading factor L, wherein the first interleaving matrix comprises N multiplied by L rows, and N is a positive integer; filling modulation symbols to be subjected to first de-interleaving to a storage space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the row direction of the first interleaving matrix; and outputting the modulation symbols after the first de-interleaving from the storage space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the column direction of the first interleaving matrix.

Before outputting the first deinterleaved modulation symbols from the memory space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix in the column direction of the first interleaving matrix, the first deinterleaving further includes: and circularly shifting elements in the ith column of the first interleaving matrix according to the first shift value, wherein the ith column is any column in the first interleaving matrix.

Thus, the frequency domain diversity gain can be further improved.

Wherein the first shift value is determined according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the receiving end device of the modulation symbol sequence is located.

c_init＝(M+n×2¹⁵)mod2³¹

where n is the slot number.

Thus, the cyclic shift value ω (i) of the ith column can be expressed as:

wherein V may be

Indicating a ceiling operation.

For another example, the first deinterleaving the modulation symbol sequence includes: the modulation symbol sequence is first deinterleaved according to the following formula.

μ(i+j×L)＝i×K+j，i＝0,…,L-1,j＝0,…,K-1

Where L denotes a spreading factor, K denotes the number of spreading units included in the modulation symbol sequence, i + j × L denotes a position of a modulation symbol before deinterleaving, and μ (i + j × L) denotes a position of the modulation symbol after deinterleaving, i.e., i × K + j.

Optionally, the first deinterleaving the modulation symbol sequence includes: determining a first interleaving sequence according to the cell identification of the cell in which the receiving end equipment of the modulation symbol sequence is positioned; and performing first de-interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence according to the first interleaving sequence.

σ(i)＝mod(π(i)+a_kl × K), wherein i ═ 0, …, L × K-1

π(i)＝mod(f₁×i²+f₂×i,L×K)

Optionally, when the main execution body of the method is a terminal device, the method further includes: receiving first indication information sent by network equipment, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating that modulation symbol sequences are subjected to first de-interleaving; and the first deinterleaving of the modulation symbol sequence comprises: and performing first de-interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence according to the first indication information indication.

Optionally, when the execution subject of the method is a network device, the method further includes: and sending second indication information to the terminal equipment, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating that the modulation symbol sequence needs to be subjected to first interleaving before being mapped on the resource unit.

Optionally, the modulation symbol sequence corresponds to a plurality of virtual resource block VRB sets, the K × L resource units correspond to a plurality of physical resource block PRB sets, where each VRB set includes S VRBs, each PRB set includes S PRBs, S is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and before performing the first deinterleaving on the modulation symbol sequence, the method further includes: performing second interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence by taking a VRB set as a unit; the first deinterleaving of the modulation symbol sequence includes: and performing first de-interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence subjected to the second de-interleaving.

In a third aspect, a method for transmitting modulation symbols is provided, including: spreading each modulation symbol sequence in a plurality of modulation symbol sequences according to a spreading factor L, wherein the spread modulation symbol sequences comprise K multiplied by L modulation symbols, L is an integer larger than 1, K is an integer larger than or equal to 1, and the plurality of modulation symbol sequences correspond to a plurality of transmission layers one to one; adjusting each modulation symbol sequence in the plurality of spread modulation symbol sequences respectively, wherein the adjustment comprises power adjustment and/or phase modulation; preprocessing the adjusted plurality of modulation symbol sequences, wherein the preprocessing comprises superposition and/or precoding; performing first interleaving on the preprocessed modulation symbol sequence; and mapping the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol sequence subjected to the first interleaving to K multiplied by L resource units and sending the modulation symbols.

In a fourth aspect, a method of transmitting modulation symbols is provided, comprising: spreading each modulation symbol sequence in modulation symbol sequences of a plurality of transmission layers according to a spreading factor L, wherein the spread modulation symbol sequences comprise K multiplied by L modulation symbols, L is an integer larger than 1, K is an integer larger than or equal to 1, and the modulation symbol sequences correspond to the transmission layers one by one; adjusting each modulation symbol sequence in the plurality of spread modulation symbol sequences respectively, wherein the adjustment comprises power adjustment and/or phase modulation; performing first interleaving on the adjusted modulation symbol sequence; preprocessing the plurality of modulation symbol sequences after the first interleaving, wherein the preprocessing comprises superposition and/or precoding; and mapping the modulation symbols in the preprocessed modulation symbol sequence to K multiplied by L resource units and sending the modulation symbols.

Optionally, the first interleaving is performed in units of modulation symbols.

Optionally, the modulation symbol sequence to be processed by the first interleaving corresponds to one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols.

In this case, the first interleaving is an interleaving in which T OFDM symbols are one interleaving block, and T is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Optionally, the first interleaving is an interleaving based on the spreading factor L.

For example, a first interleaving matrix may be determined according to the spreading factor L, where the first interleaving matrix includes N × L rows, and N is a positive integer; filling modulation symbols to be subjected to first interleaving to a storage space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the column direction of the first interleaving matrix; and outputting the modulation symbols after the first interleaving from the storage space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the row direction of the first interleaving matrix.

Optionally, before outputting the first interleaved modulation symbols from the memory space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the row direction of the first interleaving matrix, the first interleaving may further include: and circularly shifting elements in the ith column of the first interleaving matrix according to the first shift value, wherein the ith column is any column in the first interleaving matrix.

Thus, the frequency domain diversity gain can be further improved.

Optionally, the first interleaving may include interleaving based on a first interleaving sequence, where the first interleaving sequence is determined according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the receiving end device of the modulation symbol sequence is located.

σ(i)＝mod(π(i)+a_kl × K), wherein i ═ 0, …, L × K-1

π(i)＝mod(f₁×i²+f₂×i,L×K)

Optionally, when the main execution body of the method is a terminal device, the method further includes: and receiving first indication information sent by the network equipment, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating the terminal equipment to carry out first interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence.

Or, the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to interleave the modulation symbol sequence by using the modulation symbol as a unit.

Optionally, when the execution subject of the method is a network device, the method further includes: and sending second indication information to the terminal equipment, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating that the modulation symbol sequence is subjected to the first interleaving.

Or, the second indication information is used to indicate that the modulation symbol sequence transmitted by the network device is interleaved in modulation symbol units.

In a fifth aspect, a method for receiving modulation symbols is provided, comprising: receiving a modulation symbol sequence comprising K × L modulation symbols through K × L resource units, wherein L is a spreading factor and is an integer greater than 1, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the modulation symbol sequence is generated by preprocessing modulation symbol sequences corresponding to the plurality of transmission layers, and the preprocessing comprises superposition or precoding; performing a first deinterleaving on the modulation symbol sequence; determining a modulation symbol sequence corresponding to a first transmission layer in the plurality of transmission layers according to the modulation symbol sequence subjected to the first de-interleaving, wherein the first transmission layer is any one of the plurality of transmission layers; and according to the spreading factor L, despreading the modulation symbol sequence corresponding to the first transmission layer.

In a sixth aspect, a method for receiving modulation symbols is provided, comprising: receiving a modulation symbol sequence comprising K × L modulation symbols through K × L resource units, wherein L is a spreading factor and is an integer greater than 1, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1, the modulation symbol sequence is generated by preprocessing modulation symbols corresponding to the plurality of transmission layers, and the preprocessing comprises superposition or precoding; determining a modulation symbol sequence corresponding to a first transmission layer in the plurality of transmission layers according to the modulation symbol sequence, wherein the first transmission layer is any one of the plurality of transmission layers; performing first de-interleaving on a modulation symbol sequence corresponding to the first transmission layer; and according to a spreading factor L, despreading the modulation symbol sequence subjected to the first de-interleaving.

Optionally, the modulation symbol sequence that is the processing object of the first deinterleaving corresponds to one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing OFDM symbols.

In this case, the first deinterleaving is interleaving in which T OFDM symbols are one interleaving block, and T is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Optionally, the first deinterleaving is an interleaving based on the spreading factor L.

For example, a first deinterleaving matrix may be determined according to the spreading factor L, where the first deinterleaving matrix includes N × L rows, and N is a positive integer; filling a modulation symbol to be subjected to first de-interleaving to a storage space corresponding to the first de-interleaving matrix according to the column direction of the first de-interleaving matrix; and outputting the modulation symbols after the first de-interleaving from the storage space corresponding to the first de-interleaving matrix according to the row direction of the first de-interleaving matrix.

And optionally, before outputting the first deinterleaved modulation symbols from the memory space corresponding to the first deinterleaving matrix according to the row direction of the first deinterleaving matrix, the first deinterleaving may further include: and circularly shifting elements in the ith column of the first deinterleaving matrix according to the first shift value, wherein the ith column is any one column in the first deinterleaving matrix.

Thus, the frequency domain diversity gain can be further improved.

Optionally, the first deinterleaving may include interleaving based on a first deinterleaving sequence, where the first deinterleaving sequence is determined according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the receiving end device of the modulation symbol sequence is located.

σ(i)＝mod(π(i)+a_kl × K), wherein i ═ 0, …, L × K-1

π(i)＝mod(f₁×i²+f₂×i,L×K)

Optionally, when the main execution body of the method is a terminal device, the method further includes: and receiving first indication information sent by the network equipment, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating the terminal equipment to perform first de-interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence.

Or, the first indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to deinterleave the modulation symbol sequence in units of modulation symbols.

Optionally, when the execution subject of the method is a network device, the method further includes: and sending second indication information to the terminal equipment, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating the terminal equipment to perform first de-interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence.

Or, the second indication information is used to instruct the terminal device to deinterleave the modulation symbol sequence in units of modulation symbols.

In a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes means for performing the steps of the method in any one of the first to sixth aspects and their respective implementations.

In one design, the communication device is a communication chip that may include an input circuit or interface for sending information or data and an output circuit or interface for receiving information or data.

In another design, the communication device is a communication device (e.g., a terminal device or a network device), and the communication chip may include a transmitter for transmitting information or data and a receiver for receiving information or data.

In an eighth aspect, a communication device is provided that includes a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The processor is configured to control the transceiver to transceive signals, the memory is configured to store a computer program, and the processor is configured to call and run the computer program from the memory, so that the terminal device performs the method of any of the first to sixth aspects and possible implementations thereof.

Optionally, the number of the processors is one or more, and the number of the memories is one or more.

Alternatively, the memory may be integral to the processor or provided separately from the processor.

In particular implementations, the processor may be configured to perform, for example and without limitation, baseband related processing, and the receiver and transmitter may be configured to perform, for example and without limitation, radio frequency transceiving, respectively. The above devices may be respectively disposed on chips independent from each other, or at least a part or all of the devices may be disposed on the same chip, for example, the receiver and the transmitter may be disposed on a receiver chip and a transmitter chip independent from each other, or may be integrated into a transceiver and then disposed on a transceiver chip. For another example, the processor may be further divided into an analog baseband processor and a digital baseband processor, wherein the analog baseband processor may be integrated with the transceiver on the same chip, and the digital baseband processor may be disposed on a separate chip. With the development of integrated circuit technology, more and more devices can be integrated on the same chip, for example, a digital baseband processor can be integrated on the same chip with various application processors (such as, but not limited to, a graphics processor, a multimedia processor, etc.). Such a chip may be referred to as a system on chip (soc). Whether each device is separately located on a different chip or integrated on one or more chips often depends on the specific needs of the product design. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation form of the above device.

In a ninth aspect, there is provided a processor comprising: input circuit, output circuit and processing circuit. The processing circuit is configured to receive a signal through the input circuit and transmit a signal through the output circuit, so that the processor performs the method of any one of the possible implementations of the first to sixth aspects and the first to sixth aspects.

In a specific implementation process, the processor may be a chip, the input circuit may be an input pin, the output circuit may be an output pin, and the processing circuit may be a transistor, a gate circuit, a flip-flop, various logic circuits, and the like. The input signal received by the input circuit may be received and input by, for example and without limitation, a receiver, the signal output by the output circuit may be output to and transmitted by a transmitter, for example and without limitation, and the input circuit and the output circuit may be the same circuit that functions as the input circuit and the output circuit, respectively, at different times. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the specific implementation manner of the processor and various circuits.

In a tenth aspect, there is provided a processing apparatus comprising: a memory and a processor. The processor is configured to read the instructions stored in the memory, and may receive a signal through the receiver and transmit a signal through the transmitter to perform the method of any one of the possible implementations of the first to sixth aspects and the first to sixth aspects.

In a specific implementation process, the memory may be a non-transient memory, such as a Read Only Memory (ROM), which may be integrated on the same chip as the processor, or may be separately disposed on different chips.

In an eleventh aspect, there is provided a chip comprising a processor and a memory, the memory being configured to store a computer program, the processor being configured to retrieve and execute the computer program from the memory, the computer program being configured to implement the method of any one of the possible implementations of the first to sixth aspects and of the first to sixth aspects.

In a twelfth aspect, there is provided a computer program product comprising: a computer program (which may also be referred to as code, or instructions), which when executed, causes a computer to perform the method of any one of the possible implementations of the first to sixth aspects and of the first to sixth aspects described above.

In a thirteenth aspect, a computer-readable medium is provided, which stores a computer program (which may also be referred to as code or instructions) that, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of the possible implementations of the first to sixth aspects and the first to sixth aspects described above.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic architecture diagram of a communication system of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing an example of the configuration of the transmitting device and the receiving device according to the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of another example of the configuration of the transmitting apparatus and the receiving apparatus of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the configuration of the transmitting device and the receiving device according to the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram showing another example of the configuration of the transmitting device and the receiving device according to the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example of a time-frequency resource division method according to the present application.

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of an example of SCMA technology.

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of an example of the MUSA technique.

Fig. 9 is a schematic flowchart of an example of a method of transmitting modulation symbols according to the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of an example of an expansion mode of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of another example of the expansion method of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of another example of the expansion method of the present application.

Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of an example of an interleaving block according to the present application.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of another example of an interleaving block of the present application.

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of an example of interleaving in units of RBs according to the present application.

Fig. 16 is a schematic flowchart of an example of a method of receiving modulation symbols according to the present application.

Fig. 17 is a schematic flowchart of another example of the method of transmitting modulation symbols according to the present application.

Fig. 18 is a schematic flowchart of another example of the method of receiving modulation symbols according to the present application.

Fig. 19 is a schematic flowchart of still another example of the method of transmitting modulation symbols according to the present application.

Fig. 20 is a schematic flowchart of still another example of the method of receiving modulation symbols according to the present application.

Fig. 21 is a schematic flowchart of an example of an apparatus for transmitting modulation symbols according to the present application.

Fig. 22 is a schematic flowchart of an example of the apparatus for receiving modulation symbols according to the present application.

Fig. 23 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of a terminal device according to the present application.

Fig. 24 is a schematic configuration diagram of an example of a network device according to the present application.

Detailed Description

The technical solution in the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application can be applied to various communication systems, for example: a global system for mobile communications (GSM) system, a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, a General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system, a LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, a LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD), a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), a Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication system, a future fifth generation (5G) or New Radio (NR) system, and the like.

Terminal equipment in the embodiments of the present application may refer to user equipment, access terminals, subscriber units, subscriber stations, mobile stations, remote terminals, mobile devices, user terminals, wireless communication devices, user agents, or user devices. The terminal device may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a future 5G network or a terminal device in a future evolved Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), and the like, which are not limited in this embodiment.

By way of example, and not limitation, in embodiments of the present invention, the terminal device may also be a wearable device. Wearable equipment can also be called wearable intelligent equipment, is the general term of applying wearable technique to carry out intelligent design, develop the equipment that can dress to daily wearing, like glasses, gloves, wrist-watch, dress and shoes etc.. A wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the clothing or accessories of the user. The wearable device is not only a hardware device, but also realizes powerful functions through software support, data interaction and cloud interaction. The generalized wearable smart device includes full functionality, large size, and can implement full or partial functionality without relying on a smart phone, such as: smart watches or smart glasses and the like, and only focus on a certain type of application functions, and need to be used in cooperation with other devices such as smart phones, such as various smart bracelets for physical sign monitoring, smart jewelry and the like.

In addition, in the embodiment of the present invention, the terminal device may also be a terminal device in an internet of things (IoT) system, where IoT is an important component of future information technology development, and the main technical feature of the present invention is to connect an article with a network through a communication technology, so as to implement an intelligent network with interconnected human-computer and interconnected objects.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the IOT technology may achieve massive connection, deep coverage, and terminal power saving through a narrowband (narrow band) NB technology, for example. For example, the NB includes only one Resource Block (RB), i.e., the bandwidth of the NB is only 180 KB. The communication method of the embodiment of the invention can effectively solve the congestion problem of the mass terminals in the IOT technology when accessing the network through the NB.

The network device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device for communicating with a terminal device, the network device may be a Base Transceiver Station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communications (GSM) system or a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) system, may also be a base station (node B, NB) in a Wideband Code Division Multiple Access (WCDMA) system, may also be an evolved base station (evolved node B, eNB, or eNodeB) in an LTE system, may also be a wireless controller in a Cloud Radio Access Network (CRAN) scenario, or the network device may be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a network device in a future 5G network, or a network device in a PLMN network in the future, and the like, may be an AP (AP) in a WLAN, the present invention is not limited to the gNB in a New Radio (NR) system.

In addition, in this embodiment of the present invention, the access network device provides a service for a cell, and the terminal device communicates with the access network device through a transmission resource (for example, a frequency domain resource or a spectrum resource) used by the cell, where the cell may be a cell corresponding to the access network device (for example, a base station), and the cell may belong to a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell (small cell), and the small cell may include: urban cell (metro cell), micro cell (microcell), pico cell (pico cell), femto cell (femto cell), etc., and these small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-rate data transmission service.

In addition, multiple cells can simultaneously work at the same frequency on a carrier in an LTE system or a 5G system, and under some special scenes, the concepts of the carrier and the cells can also be considered to be equivalent. For example, in a Carrier Aggregation (CA) scenario, when a secondary carrier is configured for a UE, a carrier index of the secondary carrier and a Cell identification (Cell ID) of a secondary Cell operating on the secondary carrier are carried at the same time, and in this case, the concepts of the carrier and the Cell may be considered to be equivalent, for example, it is equivalent that the UE accesses one carrier and one Cell.

The core network device may be connected with a plurality of access network devices for controlling the access network devices, and may distribute data received from a network side (e.g., the internet) to the access network devices.

The functions and specific implementations of the terminal device, the access network device and the core network device listed above are merely exemplary illustrations, and the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the embodiment of the application, the terminal device or the network device includes a hardware layer, an operating system layer running on the hardware layer, and an application layer running on the operating system layer. The hardware layer includes hardware such as a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Memory Management Unit (MMU), and a memory (also referred to as a main memory). The operating system may be any one or more computer operating systems that implement business processing through processes (processes), such as a Linux operating system, a Unix operating system, an Android operating system, an iOS operating system, or a windows operating system. The application layer comprises applications such as a browser, an address list, word processing software, instant messaging software and the like. Furthermore, the embodiment of the present application does not particularly limit the specific structure of the execution main body of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, as long as the communication can be performed according to the method provided by the embodiment of the present application by running the program recorded with the code of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, for example, the execution main body of the method provided by the embodiment of the present application may be a terminal device or a network device, or a functional module capable of calling the program and executing the program in the terminal device or the network device.

In addition, various aspects or features of the present application may be implemented as a method, apparatus, or article of manufacture using standard programming and/or engineering techniques. The term "article of manufacture" as used herein is intended to encompass a computer program accessible from any computer-readable device, carrier, or media. For example, computer-readable media can include but are not limited to magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disk, floppy disk, magnetic strips, etc.), optical disks (e.g., Compact Disk (CD), Digital Versatile Disk (DVD), etc.), smart cards, and flash memory devices (e.g., erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), card, stick, or key drive, etc.). In addition, various storage media described herein can represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information. The term "machine-readable medium" can include, without being limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing, and/or carrying instruction(s) and/or data.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system 100 to which a communication method according to an embodiment of the present invention can be applied. As shown in fig. 1, the system 100 includes an access network device 102, and the access network device 102 may include 1 antenna or multiple antennas, e.g.,

antennas

104, 106, 108, 110, 112, and 114. Additionally, the access network device 102 can additionally include a transmitter chain and a receiver chain, each of which can comprise a plurality of components associated with signal transmission and reception (e.g., processors, modulators, multiplexers, demodulators, demultiplexers, antennas, etc.), as will be appreciated by one skilled in the art.

Access network device 102 may communicate with a plurality of terminal devices, such as terminal device 116 and terminal device 122. However, it is understood that access network device 102 may communicate with any number of terminal devices similar to terminal device 116 or terminal device 122.

End devices

116 and 122 may be, for example, cellular phones, smart phones, laptops, handheld communication devices, handheld computing devices, satellite radios, global positioning systems, PDAs, and/or any other suitable device for communicating over wireless communication system 100.

As shown in fig. 1, terminal device 116 is in communication with

antennas

112 and 114, where

antennas

112 and 114 transmit information to terminal device 116 over a forward link (also called a downlink) 118 and receive information from terminal device 116 over a reverse link (also called an uplink) 120. In addition, terminal device 122 is in communication with

antennas

104 and 106, where

antennas

104 and 106 transmit information to terminal device 122 over forward link 124 and receive information from terminal device 122 over reverse link 126.

In a Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, forward link 118 may utilize a different frequency band than reverse link 120, and forward link 124 may employ a different frequency band than reverse link 126, for example.

As another example, in Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems and full duplex (full duplex) systems, forward link 118 and reverse link 120 may utilize a common frequency band and forward link 124 and reverse link 126 may utilize a common frequency band.

Each antenna (or group of antennas consisting of multiple antennas) and/or area designed for communication is referred to as a sector of the access network device 102. For example, antenna groups may be designed to communicate to terminal devices in a sector of the areas covered by access network device 102. The access network device may transmit signals to all terminal devices in its corresponding sector through single-antenna or multi-antenna transmit diversity. During communication by access network device 102 over

forward links

118 and 124 with

terminal devices

116 and 122, respectively, the transmitting antennas of access network device 102 may also utilize beamforming to improve signal-to-noise ratio of

forward links

118 and 124. Furthermore, mobile devices in neighboring cells may experience less interference when access network device 102 utilizes beamforming to transmit to

terminal devices

116 and 122 scattered randomly through an associated coverage area than if the access network device transmitted signals to all of its terminal devices through single or multiple antenna transmit diversity.

At a given time, access network device 102, terminal device 116, or terminal device 122 may be a wireless communication transmitting apparatus and/or a wireless communication receiving apparatus. When sending data, the wireless communication sending device may encode the data for transmission. Specifically, the wireless communication transmitting device may obtain (e.g., generate, receive from other communication devices, or save in memory, etc.) a number of data bits to be transmitted over the channel to the wireless communication receiving device. Such data bits may be contained in a transport block (or transport blocks) of data, which may be segmented to produce multiple code blocks.

In addition, the communication system 100 may be a PLMN network, a D2D network, an M2M network, an IoT network, or other networks, fig. 1 is a simplified schematic diagram for example, and other access network devices may be included in the network, which is not shown in fig. 1.

The scheme of the present application can be applied to a communication procedure between two communication devices (e.g., one transmitting device and one receiving device).

Alternatively, the scheme of the present application may also be applied to a communication process between a plurality of (e.g., three or more) communication devices.

For example, as shown in fig. 2, in the present application, a sending device of a signal or data (hereinafter, simply referred to as a sending device) may be a terminal device, and a receiving device of a signal or data (hereinafter, simply referred to as a receiving device) may be a network device. Specifically, network device #1, terminal device #2, and terminal device #3 constitute a single-cell communication system. For example, terminal apparatus #1, terminal apparatus #2, and terminal apparatus #3 may be the transmitting apparatus in the present application, and may simultaneously transmit uplink data to network apparatus #1, which is the receiving apparatus in the present application.

For another example, as shown in fig. 3, in the present application, the sending device may be a network device, and the receiving device may be a terminal device. Specifically, the network device #1, the network device #2, the terminal device #/1, and the terminal device #2 constitute a multi-cell communication system. Also, for example, the terminal apparatus #1 may be located in a cell of the network apparatus #1, so that the network apparatus #1 may transmit downlink data to the terminal apparatus #/1 as the receiving apparatus in the present application, respectively, as the transmitting apparatus in the present application. For another example, terminal #2 may be located in a cell of network #2, so that network #2 may be used as a transmitting device in the present application to transmit downlink data to terminal #2 as a receiving device in the present application, respectively. Also, the downlink data transmission process of the network device #1 and the network device #2 may be performed simultaneously.

For another example, as shown in fig. 4, in the present application, the sending device may be a terminal device, and the receiving device may be a terminal device. Specifically, terminal apparatus #1, terminal apparatus #2, and terminal apparatus #3 constitute a D2D communication system. Also, for example, terminal apparatus #1 and terminal apparatus #2 may each be a transmitting apparatus in the present application and may simultaneously transmit data to terminal apparatus #3 as a receiving apparatus in the present application.

For another example, as shown in fig. 5, in the present application, the sending device may be a terminal device and a network device, and the receiving device may be a terminal device. Specifically, the network apparatus #1, the terminal apparatus #1, and the terminal apparatus #2 constitute a single-cell communication system. Also, for example, the network device #1 and the terminal device #1, which are the transmission devices in the present application, may simultaneously transmit data to the terminal device #2, which is the reception device in the present application, respectively.

In the present application, the above-mentioned "data is transmitted simultaneously" may be understood as: different transmitting devices transmit data using the same time-frequency resource. Or, the same transmitting device may transmit data to different receiving devices through the same time-frequency resource.

Fig. 6 illustrates an example of a time-frequency resource dividing manner according to the present application, and as shown in fig. 6, a radio resource is divided into a plurality of subcarriers (subcarriers) in a frequency domain, and is divided into a plurality of Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols in a time domain to form a time-frequency resource grid. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 6, a Resource Block (RB) is formed by consecutive 12 subcarriers in the frequency domain. When a Normal Cyclic Prefix (NCP) is employed, 14 consecutive OFDM symbols in the time domain constitute one slot (slot). When a subcarrier spacing (SCS) is, for example, 15kHz, the time domain length of one slot is 1 ms. Each Resource Element (RE) corresponds to one subcarrier in the frequency domain and one OFDM symbol in the time domain. It is understood that the size of the RB and slot may have other specifications, and the application is not limited thereto.

In addition, in the present application, for example, a Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), a Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA), a Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), or a non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) mode may be adopted.

The NOMA technique improves system capacity by enabling multiple terminal devices to transmit data using the same time-frequency resources. One common NOMA scheme is that the transmission signals of the transmitting device are superimposed in the power domain, and the receiving device adopts an interference cancellation algorithm to cancel the interference between UEs.

In addition, the industry also proposes a NOMA scheme in which a plurality of terminal devices are superposed in a code domain. One scheme is a Sparse Code Multiple Access (SCMA) technique, which distinguishes terminal devices by different sparse codes and utilizes the sparse property of the sparse codes to reduce interference between terminal devices to improve transmission performance. Another scheme is a multi-user shared access (MUSA) technique, which distinguishes terminal devices by different spreading sequences, and utilizes the low correlation of the spreading sequences to reduce the interference between terminal devices to improve the transmission performance.

Fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the SCMA technique, where in the example shown in fig. 7, the sparse codes include 6 different sparse codes, 4 REs corresponding to each sparse code are defined as one spreading unit, and the size of the spreading unit is defined as a spreading factor, where the spreading factor is 4. The spreading factor may also be other values. Where the 1 st and 3 rd REs of sparse code 1 are fixed to 0, while the 2 nd and 4 th REs are fixed to 0, and so on.

Fig. 8 shows a schematic diagram of the MUSA technique. In the example shown in fig. 8, the MUSA spreading sequence includes 8 different spreading sequences, and 4 REs corresponding to each spreading sequence are defined as one spreading unit, and the corresponding spreading factor is 4.

In a wireless communication system, a wireless channel usually exhibits frequency selective fading (frequency selective fading) due to the influence of multipath propagation, i.e., different frequency resource locations have different channel qualities. If accurate channel quality information is obtained through channel estimation in advance, the information can be transmitted at a frequency domain resource position with good channel quality so as to improve the transmission efficiency. If the accurate channel quality information cannot be acquired, frequency domain diversity transmission can be utilized, namely, the transmission is carried out at different frequency domain resource positions, so that the transmission reliability is improved. The scheme of the application can effectively improve the effect of frequency domain diversity transmission.

Next, a communication procedure between the transmitting apparatus and the receiving apparatus of the present application will be described in detail.

Fig. 9 shows a process 200 of transmitting data by the transmitting device # a, and as shown in fig. 9, at S210, the transmitting device # a may perform bit scrambling on input bits by a module or unit, such as a bit scrambling module, to obtain scrambled bits.

The input bits here may be coded bits after channel coding of the information bits. Here, the channel coding may provide a certain error correction capability, and the specific coding manner may be a Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) code, a turbo code, a polar code, and the like.

In addition, the input bit may be a bit sequence, and the bit scrambling is to perform an exclusive or operation on the input bit sequence and the scrambling sequence according to bits to obtain a scrambled bit.

The scrambling sequence may be generated according to a predefined rule, which itself has a certain randomness.

In the application, different sending devices can use different scrambling sequences to carry out scrambling, so that the correlation among data of different sending devices can be reduced, and the interference generated during simultaneous sending can be reduced.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned bit scrambling module can be replaced by bit interleaving, and bit interleaving and bit scrambling have similar functions. Bit interleaving and bit scrambling may also be used simultaneously, scrambling may be performed first and then interleaving may be performed, or interleaving may be performed first and then scrambling may be performed, which is not limited in this application.

At S220, the transmitting device # a may modulate the scrambled bits through a module or unit, for example, a modulation module, to obtain a modulation symbol sequence, where the modulation symbol sequence may include one or more modulation symbols.

Where "modulation" can be viewed as a mapping of bits to symbols (or modulation symbols). In the present application, as a modulation scheme, a pi/2 Binary Phase Shift Keying (BPSK) modulation scheme, a BPSK modulation scheme, a Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK) modulation scheme, a 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) modulation scheme, a 64QAM modulation scheme, a 256QAM modulation scheme, or the like can be cited.

All of the above schemes map one or more bits into a single modulation symbol. Still other schemes map one or more bits to a plurality of modulation symbols, also referred to as multi-dimensional modulation. For example, one codebook of the SCMA maps two bits onto two REs, e.g., 00 to (1, 0), 01 to (0, 1), 10 to (0, -1), 11 to (-1, 0), where the two symbols in the parenthesis correspond to the two REs, respectively.

At S230, the transmitting device # a may perform symbol spreading on the modulation symbol sequence through, for example, a spreading module or unit, to obtain a spread modulation symbol sequence.

Fig. 10 shows an example of the spreading method of the present application, and as shown in fig. 10, a modulation symbol sequence that is a target of spreading includes two modulation symbols, i.e., 1 and-1.

The spreading scheme shown in fig. 10 may be performed based on a spreading sequence, which may be, by way of example and not limitation: is [1, j, -1, -j]^TThe spreading sequence and two input (i.e., pre-spreading) modulation symbols are multiplied respectively to obtain an output (i.e., post-spreading) modulation symbol sequence.

The first 4 output modulation symbols in the expanded modulation symbol sequence correspond to the first input modulation symbol, or the first 4 output modulation symbols in the expanded modulation symbol sequence are generated after the first input modulation symbol is expanded. The last 4 output modulation symbols in the expanded modulation symbol sequence correspond to the second input modulation symbol, or the last 4 output modulation symbols in the expanded modulation symbol sequence are generated after the second input modulation symbol is expanded.

In the present application, the spreading factor (spreading factor) may be defined as the length of the spreading sequence, and the spreading factor is 4 in fig. 10. The spreading factor may also be understood as the size or length of the spreading element.

The spreading factor may also be referred to as a spreading factor. For convenience of description, an output symbol corresponding to each symbol extension operation is defined as one extension unit.

In this application, the spreading factor may be determined by the network device and sent to the terminal device, or the spreading factor may be predefined by the communication system or the communication protocol.

Each extension unit in fig. 10 comprises 4 output symbols. To support higher spectral efficiency or coverage enhancement, other spreading factors may be employed. When the spreading factor is smaller, the resource occupied by each spreading unit is less, the more data can be carried by the same resource, and the corresponding spectrum efficiency is higher. When the expansion factor is larger, the resources occupied by each expansion unit are more, the transmission reliability is improved, and the corresponding network coverage is enhanced.

The spreading factor L may be an integer, for example, the spreading factor L may be 1, or the spreading factor L may be an integer greater than or equal to 2.

Fig. 11 shows another example of the spreading method of the present application, and as shown in fig. 11, the sequence of modulation symbols to be subjected to spreading includes two modulation symbols, i.e., 1 and-1.

The spreading scheme shown in fig. 11 may be performed based on a spreading matrix, and for example, the spreading matrix is set to W, and the spreading matrix and the input modulation symbol are matrix-multiplied to obtain an output modulation symbol.

Unlike spreading methods based on symbol spreading of a spreading sequence, spreading methods based on a spreading matrix may have multiple input modulation symbols at a time. At this time, the spreading factor corresponds to the number of rows of the spreading matrix W. The spreading factor may also be understood as the size or length of the spreading element.

The output symbol corresponding to each symbol expansion operation is defined as a symbol expansion unit, and each symbol expansion unit in fig. 11 includes 4 output symbols. When the symbol spreading method based on the spreading matrix is adopted, the spectrum efficiency can be improved or the network coverage can be enhanced by adjusting the spreading factor.

Fig. 12 shows another example of the spreading method of the present application, in which spreading may be performed based on a set of spreading sequences, i.e., N input modulation symbols are mapped to N modulation symbol sequences, i.e., each input modulation symbol sequence is mapped to one modulation symbol sequence, respectively. For example, if the input modulation symbol is x₁The output modulation symbol sequence after spreading can be [1, j, -1, -j]。

In the method, the spreading factor may be defined as the number of symbols included in the spread modulation symbol sequence. For example, fig. 12 corresponds to a spreading factor of 4, each spreading unit includes 4 output symbols, and the spreading factor may be adjusted to improve the spectrum efficiency or enhance the network coverage.

At S240, the transmitting device may interleave the spread modulation symbol sequence through, for example, an interleaving module or unit.

Wherein the interleaving is performed with the granularity (or unit) of the modulation symbols.

In this application, the unit (or granularity) of interleaving may refer to an object shifted in the interleaving process.

For example, in interleaving in units of RBs (or RB sets), two adjacent RBs (or RB sets) before interleaving are not adjacent after interleaving. However, in interleaving in units of RBs (or RB sets), the relative positions of modulation symbols in the same RB (or RB set) do not change before and after interleaving.

For another example, in interleaving in units of modulation symbols, two adjacent modulation symbols may not be adjacent after interleaving before interleaving. By way of example and not limitation, in interleaving in units of modulation symbols, the relative positions of modulation symbols in the same RB (or set of RBs) before and after interleaving are changed.

It should be noted that: by "two adjacent modulation symbols before interleaving, which may not be adjacent after interleaving" is understood that a plurality of modulation symbol pairs, each comprising two adjacent modulation symbols, may be included in an interleaving block, and after interleaving, the modulation symbols in most (and possibly all) of the plurality of modulation symbol pairs are no longer adjacent, and only the modulation symbols in a few (and possibly none) of the modulation symbol pairs remain adjacent.

By way of example and not limitation, in the present application, interleaving may be performed in at least one of the following ways.

Mode 1

I.e. row-column interleaving

Specifically, without loss of generality, let the interleaved object include K spreading units, and let the spreading factor be L. The number of symbols after spreading is K × L.

In this scheme 1, the transmission device # a can transmit K × L symbols (denoted as { s })₀,s₁,…,s_KL-1Arranged column-wise and row-wise as shown in table 1 below, e.g., the transmitting device # a may modulate the sequence of symbols s₀,s₁,…,s_KL-1And filling the interleaving matrix (or the storage space corresponding to the interleaving matrix) in a mode of first column and second column.

Thereafter, the transmitting apparatus # a may output the interleaved modulation symbol sequence by rows, for example, the interleaved modulation symbol sequence may be s as shown in table 1₀,s_L,…,s_LK-L,s₁,…,s_LK-L+1,…,s_L-1,…,s_LK-1。

TABLE 1

S₀	S_L	…	S_LK-1
				S₁	S_L+1	…	S_LK-L+1
…	…	…	…
				S_L-1	S_2L-1	…	S_2L-1

In addition, the number of rows of the row-column interleaving (or row-column interleaving matrix) shown in table 1 may be a spreading factor L, so that L symbols of one spreading unit are sufficiently dispersed in the interleaved symbol sequence, thereby implementing frequency domain diversity transmission.

It should be understood that the above listed relationship between the number of rows and columns of the row-column interleaving matrix and the spreading factor L is only an exemplary one, and the application is not limited thereto.

Alternatively, as shown in table 2 below, the transmitting apparatus # a may also cyclically shift the modulation symbols padded into the interleaving matrix in the column direction before the transmitting apparatus # a may output the interleaved modulation symbol sequence in rows.

TABLE 2

S₀	S_2L-1	S_3L-2	…
				S₁	S_L	S_3L-1	…
…	…	…	…
				S_L-1	S_2L-2	S_3L-3	…

That is, as shown in table 2, the first column of table 2 may be the same as the first column of table 1, i.e., the shift value of the first column may be 0.

The second column is circularly shifted by a shift value of 1Bits, i.e. slave sequence s_L,s_L+1,…,s_2L-1Is transformed into s_2L-1,s_L,…,s_2L-2}。

The third column is cyclically shifted by a shift value of 2, i.e. from the sequence s_2L,s_2L+1,…,s_3L-1Is transformed into s_3L-2,s_3L-1,…,s_3L-3}。

By way of example and not limitation, in the present application, the shift value may be determined according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the receiving end device of the modulation symbol sequence is located.

c_init＝(M+n×2¹⁵)mod2³¹

where n is the slot number.

Further, in the present application, the cyclic shift value ω (i) of the ith column may be determined according to the following formula:

wherein V may be

Indicating a ceiling operation.

Also, for example, the cell identifier may be M in the present application, and a random sequence c (i) may be generated by using a method described in section 5.2.1 in 3GPP TS38.211, for example, where the initial value c of the sequence is_initGenerated using the following equation:

it should be noted that the cell identifier M may be sent by the network device to the terminal device.

According to the scheme of the application, the extended symbols can be further dispersed by circularly shifting according to columns, so that the frequency domain diversity gain is obtained.

Mode 2

That is, a Quadratic Permutation Polynomial (QPP) interleaving method

By way of example and not limitation, let the spread modulation symbol sequence comprise K × L symbols.

The position in the modulation symbol sequence after interleaving (denoted as pi (i)) of the ith symbol of the K × L symbols before interleaving can be expressed as the following formula 1.

π(i)＝mod(f₁×i²+f₂Xi, lxk), i ═ 0, …, lxk-1 equation 1

Wherein f is₁And f₂The selection is based on the interleaving block size lxk, and one selection method can be referred to table 5.1.3-3 in 3GPP TS 36.212.

Optionally, the interleaving may also be determined based on a cell identity of a cell in which the receiving device is located.

For example, the position (denoted as σ (i)) in the interleaved modulation symbol sequence can be expressed as the following formula 2.

σ(i)＝mod(π(i)+a_kLxK) formula 2

Where π (i) can be determined by equation 1 above, a_kIs a parameter determined based on the cell identity, e.g. the a_kMay be the cell identity itself, or the a_kOr a random number derived based on cell identity initialization.

In this application, the spread modulation symbol sequence may correspond to one or more OFDM symbols, and this application is not particularly limited.

When the spread modulation symbol sequence corresponds to a plurality of OFDM symbols, the interleaving may be performed with the OFDM symbol group as an interleaving block.

One interleaved block is a size of an amount of data processed by one interleaving process by the interleaver, that is, one interleaved block may include a plurality of data (for example, the above modulation symbols), and the interleaver changes a position of data in the input interleaved block within a range of the interleaved block.

In addition, in the present application, one OFDM symbol group may include one OFDM symbol. One OFDM symbol group may also include a plurality of (e.g., two or more) OFDM symbols. The present application is not particularly limited.

By way of example and not limitation, assuming that one OFDM symbol group may also include T OFDM symbols, where T is an integer greater than or equal to 1, a specific value of T may be determined by the network device # a and issued to the terminal device # a through, for example, higher layer signaling. Alternatively, in the present application, the size of the interleaving block for interleaving (or deinterleaving) may be determined by the network device and indicated to the terminal device.

Alternatively, the specific value of T may be predefined by the communication system or the communication protocol, and is not particularly limited in this application.

In addition, in the present application, the above-described interleaving in units of modulation symbols (i.e., S240) may be performed based on a predetermined trigger instruction.

For example, when the transmitting device # a is a terminal device, the terminal device may determine whether to perform S240 based on whether the trigger instruction # a is received. Wherein the trigger instruction indicates that the # a transmission apparatus needs to interleave the modulation symbol sequence in modulation symbol units.

When the transmitting device # a is a network device, the network device may transmit a trigger instruction # b to the transmitting device, where the trigger instruction # b may be used to indicate that the receiving device needs to deinterleave the modulation symbol sequence in modulation symbol units, or in other words, the trigger instruction # b may be used to indicate that the modulation symbol sequence is interleaved in modulation symbol units, and thus, the receiving device may determine whether to perform deinterleaving in modulation symbol units based on whether the trigger instruction # b is received (described in detail later).

By way of example and not limitation, in the present application, a network device may determine whether to perform interleaving or deinterleaving in units of modulation symbols, based on channel quality, traffic demand, and other factors.

For example, if traffic demands high reliability and efficiency of communication (e.g., user or traffic levels are high, or transmitted information is important), the network device may determine that interleaving in units of modulation symbols is needed.

Fig. 13 shows the interleaving procedure of the present application with one OFDM symbol as one interleaving block (or, one OFDM symbol group includes one OFDM symbol).

Let an OFDM symbol include M modulation symbols, and let the arrangement order of the M modulation symbols be: modulation symbol #0, modulation symbol #1, modulation symbol #2, modulation symbols #3 and … …, and modulation symbol # M.

In the interleaving manner shown in fig. 13 (i.e., one OFDM symbol group includes one OFDM symbol), the interleaving is to change the arrangement order of the modulation symbols in the OFDM symbol group (i.e., one OFDM symbol) within the OFDM symbol group (i.e., one OFDM symbol).

That is, after interleaving, the order of the M modulation symbols is: modulation symbol #0, modulation symbols # L, … …, modulation symbols # M-L, modulation symbols #1, … …, modulation symbols # M-L +1, … …, modulation symbols # L-1, … …, modulation symbols # M-1.

That is, as shown in fig. 13, when two adjacent OFDM symbols (denoted as OFDM symbol #1 and OFDM symbol #2) are respectively defined as two OFDM symbol groups, it is assumed that one modulation symbol # a is located in OFDM symbol #1 before interleaving and that the modulation symbol # a is not located in OFDM symbol #2 after interleaving, based on interleaving in which one OFDM symbol is defined as one interleaving block shown in fig. 13.

Fig. 14 shows a procedure of interleaving of the present application when 2 (i.e., an example of T) OFDM symbols are one interleaving block (or one OFDM symbol group includes 2 OFDM symbols).

Let one OFDM symbol include M modulation symbols, that is, one OFDM symbol group includes 2M modulation symbols, and let the arrangement order of the 2M modulation symbols be: modulation symbol #0, modulation symbol #1, modulation symbol #2, modulation symbols #3 and … …, and modulation symbol # 2M.

In the interleaving scheme shown in fig. 14 (i.e., one OFDM symbol group includes 2 OFDM symbols), the interleaving is performed by changing the arrangement order of the modulation symbols in the OFDM symbol group (i.e., 2 OFDM symbols) within the OFDM symbol group (i.e., 2 OFDM symbols).

That is, after interleaving, the permutation order of the 2M modulation symbols is: modulation symbol #0, modulation symbols # L, … …, modulation symbols #2M-L, modulation symbols #1, … …, modulation symbols #2M-L +1, … …, modulation symbols # L-1, … …, modulation symbols # 2M-1.

That is, as shown in fig. 14, when two adjacent OFDM symbols (denoted as OFDM symbol #1 and OFDM symbol #2) are respectively defined as one OFDM symbol group, based on the interleaving shown in fig. 14 in which 2 OFDM symbols are defined as one interleaving block, if one modulation symbol # a is located at OFDM symbol #1 before interleaving, the modulation symbol # a may be located at OFDM symbol #2 or OFDM symbol #1 after interleaving.

At S250, the transmitting device # a may map the modulation symbol sequence interleaved as described above onto a time-frequency resource, so as to transmit the modulation symbol sequence through the time-frequency resource, where the process may be similar to the prior art, and here, detailed descriptions thereof are omitted to avoid redundancy.

Alternatively, after interleaving the spread modulation symbols in units of modulation symbols, the transmitting apparatus # a may also interleave the modulation symbol sequence once interleaved again in units of RB sets.

Wherein one RB set may include, for example, 2 RBs.

The interleaving in units of RB sets may be performed in a mapping process from Virtual Resource Blocks (VRBs) to Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs).

The VRB is a frequency domain resource corresponding to resource allocation, and the PRB is a frequency domain resource corresponding to actual transmission. As shown in fig. 15, in the VRB-to-PRB mapping, RB sets (RB bundles) are used as a mapping unit, each RB set includes 2 RBs, and consecutive numbered VRBs are allocated to non-consecutive numbered PRBs. The VRBs with

numbers

1, 2, 3, and 4 are mapped to the PRBs with

numbers

1, 2, 25, and 26, respectively, and the PRBs with discontinuous numbers correspond to different frequency domain resource positions, so that frequency domain diversity transmission can be implemented.

Fig. 16 shows a process 300 for a receiving device # a to receive data, wherein the data may be the data transmitted by the transmitting device # a, or the receiving device # a may be a receiving end of the data transmitted by the transmitting device # a.

The data may be understood as a modulation signal, or the data may be understood as data carried in a modulation symbol.

At S310, the receiving device # a may receive a modulation symbol sequence from a transmitting device (e.g., the transmitting device # a) through time-frequency resources.

Alternatively, the modulation symbol sequence may be a modulation symbol sequence that the transmission device may interleave in units of RB sets.

In this case, the receiving apparatus # a may deinterleave the modulation symbol sequence in units of RB sets.

The above processes may be similar to those in the prior art, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted here for avoiding redundancy.

At S320, the receiving apparatus # a may deinterleave the modulation symbol sequence in units of modulation symbols.

That is, the deinterleaving process may be the reverse process of the process described in S340.

Wherein the deinterleaving is performed with the modulation symbol as granularity (or unit).

In this application, the unit (or granularity) of de-interleaving may refer to an object shifted during de-interleaving.

For example, in deinterleaving in units of RBs (or RB set), two adjacent RBs (or RB set) before deinterleaving are not adjacent after deinterleaving. However, in deinterleaving in units of RBs (or RB sets), the relative positions of modulation symbols in the same RB (or RB set) do not change between before and after deinterleaving.

For another example, in deinterleaving in units of modulation symbols, two adjacent modulation symbols are not adjacent after deinterleaving before deinterleaving. By way of example and not limitation, in deinterleaving in modulation symbol units, modulation symbols in the same RB (or set of RBs) change in relative position before deinterleaving and after deinterleaving.

By way of example and not limitation, in the present application, deinterleaving may be performed in at least one of the following manners.

Mode 3

I.e. the row-column deinterleaving scheme

Specifically, without loss of generality, let the deinterleaved object include K spreading units, and let the spreading factor be L. The modulation symbol sequence to be deinterleaved includes the number of symbols K × L.

In this manner 1, the receiving apparatus # a can convert K × L symbols (i.e., s)₀,s_L,…,s_LK-L,s₁,…,s_LK-L+1,…,s_L-1,…,s_LK-1) Arranged in the manner of the preceding example shown in table 1, for example, the receiving apparatus # a may convert the modulation symbol sequence s₀,s_L,…,s_LK-L,s₁,…,s_LK-L+1,…,s_L-1,…,s_LK-1And filling the deinterleaving matrix (or the storage space corresponding to the deinterleaving matrix) in a front-to-back column mode.

Thereafter, the receiving apparatus # a may output the deinterleaved modulation symbol sequence by rows, which may be { s } for example, as shown in table 1 above₀,s₁,…,s_KL-1}。

Alternatively, when the transmitting device # a performs cyclic shift in the manner shown in table 1, the receiving device # a may perform cyclic shift accordingly to restore the interleaving matrix shown in table 2 to that shown in table 1, and then output the interleaving matrix.

Mode 4

Namely, QPP deinterleaving scheme

By way of example and not limitation, assume that a sequence of modulation symbols to be deinterleaved comprises K × L symbols.

Then, as shown in the above equation 1, the symbol having a position of pi (i) among the K × L symbols before deinterleaving, and the position of i in the modulation symbol sequence after deinterleaving.

Optionally, the deinterleaving may also be determined based on a cell identity of a cell in which the receiving device is located.

For example, as shown in the above equation 2, the symbol at the position σ (i) in the modulation symbol sequence before deinterleaving is at the position i after deinterleaving.

When the spread modulation symbol sequence corresponds to a plurality of OFDM symbols, the deinterleaving may be performed with the OFDM symbol group as an interleaving block.

One of the interleaved blocks is the size of the amount of data processed by the deinterleaver in one deinterleaving process, that is, one deinterleaved block may include a plurality of data (for example, the above modulation symbols), and the deinterleaver may change the position of the data in the input deinterleaved block within the range of the deinterleaved block.

The deinterleaving process based on the OFDM symbol group may be an inverse process of the interleaving process of the OFDM symbol group, and a detailed description thereof is omitted to avoid redundancy.

At S330, the receiving device # a may symbol despread the modulation symbol sequence, e.g., by a despreading module or unit.

Here, the process may be the reverse process of S230, and a detailed description thereof is omitted here for avoiding redundancy.

At S340, the receiving apparatus # a may demodulate the despread modulation symbol sequence by a module or unit, e.g., a demodulation module.

Here, the process may be the reverse process of S220, and a detailed description thereof is omitted here for avoiding redundancy.

At S350, the receiving apparatus # a may perform bit descrambling on the input bits by a module or unit, for example, a bit descrambling module, to obtain original bits.

The above processes of S330 to S350 may be similar to those of the prior art, and detailed descriptions thereof are omitted here for avoiding redundancy.

In the present application, the deinterleaving in units of modulation symbols (i.e., S320) may be performed based on a predetermined trigger command # a (i.e., an example of the first instruction information).

For example, when the transmitting device # a is a terminal device, the terminal device may determine whether to perform S240 based on whether the above-described trigger instruction # a is received.

That is, in the present application, the network device may determine whether the terminal device is required to execute S240 by integrating the channel quality, the service requirement, and other factors.

At this time, the network device may transmit the trigger instruction # a to the terminal device, the trigger instruction indicating that the # a transmitting device needs to interleave the modulation symbol sequence in units of modulation symbols.

For another example, when the sending device # a is a network device, the network device may further send a trigger instruction # b to the sending device, where the trigger instruction # b may be used to indicate that the receiving device needs to deinterleave the modulation symbol sequence in modulation symbol units, or in other words, the trigger instruction # b may be used to indicate that the modulation symbol sequence is interleaved in modulation symbol units, so that the receiving device may determine whether to perform deinterleaving in modulation symbol units based on whether the trigger instruction # b is received (detailed description will be given later).

Fig. 17 shows a process 400 of transmitting data by the transmitting device # B, and as shown in fig. 17, at S410, the transmitting device # B may perform bit scrambling on input bits by a module or unit, e.g., a bit scrambling module, to obtain scrambled bits.

Here, the process may be similar to the process of the generation device # a in S210, and here, a detailed description thereof is omitted to avoid redundancy.

At S420, the transmitting device # B may modulate the scrambled bits through a module or unit, for example, a modulation module, to obtain a modulation symbol sequence, where the modulation symbol sequence may include one or more modulation symbols.

Here, the process may be similar to the process of the generation device # a in S220, and here, a detailed description thereof is omitted to avoid redundancy.

At S430, the transmitting device # B may perform layer mapping on the modulation symbols by a module or unit, for example, a layer mapping module, to determine modulation symbol sequences respectively corresponding to the plurality of transmission layers.

The process may be similar to the prior art, and a detailed description thereof is omitted here for the sake of avoiding and explaining the details.

At S440, the transmitting device # B may spread the modulation symbol sequences of the respective transport layers, respectively.

The process of spreading the modulation symbol sequence of each transmission layer may be similar to the process of the transmitting device # a in S230, and here, detailed description thereof is omitted to avoid redundancy.

Here, the spread modulation symbol sequence of each transmission layer includes K × L modulation symbols.

At S450, the transmitting device # B may adjust the spread modulation symbols through a module or unit, e.g., an adjustment module, the modulation may include power adjustment, or the modulation may include phase modulation.

At S460, the transmitting device # B may pre-process the modulated modulation symbol sequence through a module or unit, e.g., a pre-processing module. The preprocessing may include superposition, or alternatively, the preprocessing may include precoding.

It should be noted that the preprocessed modulation symbol sequence may include K × L modulation symbols.

At S470, the transmitting device # B may interleave the preprocessed modulation symbols in units of modulation symbols by a module or unit, e.g., an interleaving module.

Here, the procedure may be similar to the procedure of the transmitting device # a in S240, and here, a detailed description thereof is omitted to avoid redundancy.

In S480, the transmitting device # B may map the resource of the interleaved modulation symbols and transmit the mapped modulation symbols by a module or means such as a transmitting module.

Here, the procedure may be similar to the procedure of the transmitting device # a in S250, and here, a detailed description thereof is omitted to avoid redundancy.

Fig. 18 shows a process 500 for a receiving device # B to receive data, wherein the data may be the data transmitted by the transmitting device # B, or the receiving device # B may be a receiving end of the data transmitted by the transmitting device # B.

At S510, the receiving device # B may receive a modulation symbol sequence from a transmitting device (e.g., the transmitting device # a) through time-frequency resources.

In this case, the receiving apparatus # B may deinterleave the modulation symbol sequence in units of RB sets.

At S520, the receiving apparatus # B may deinterleave the modulation symbol sequence in units of modulation symbols.

The process of deinterleaving may be similar to the process of the receiving device # a in S420, and here, detailed description thereof is omitted for avoiding redundancy.

That is, the deinterleaving is performed with the modulation symbol as granularity (or unit).

At S530, the receiving device # B may perform multi-layer joint decoding on the modulation symbols to obtain modulation symbols for each of the plurality of transmission layers.

At S540, the receiving device # B may symbol despread the modulation symbol sequence, e.g., by a despreading module or unit.

At S550, the receiving apparatus # B may demodulate the despread modulation symbol sequence by a module or unit such as a demodulation module.

At S560, the receiving apparatus # B may perform bit descrambling on the input bits by a module or unit, for example, a bit descrambling module, to obtain original bits.

Fig. 19 shows a process 600 of transmitting data by the transmitting device # C, and as shown in fig. 19, at S610, the transmitting device # C may perform bit scrambling on input bits by a module or unit, for example, a bit scrambling module, to obtain scrambled bits.

At S620, the transmitting device # C may modulate the scrambled bits through a module or unit, for example, a modulation module, to obtain a modulation symbol sequence, where the modulation symbol sequence may include one or more modulation symbols.

At S630, the transmitting device # C may perform layer mapping on the modulation symbols by a module or unit, for example, a layer mapping module, to determine modulation symbol sequences corresponding to the plurality of transmission layers, respectively.

At S640, the transmitting device # C may spread the modulation symbol sequences of the respective transport layers, respectively.

At S650, the transmitting device # C may adjust the spread modulation symbols through a module or unit, e.g., an adjustment module, the modulation may include power adjustment, or the modulation may include phase modulation.

At S660, the transmitting device # C may interleave the preprocessed modulation symbols in units of modulation symbols by a module or unit such as an interleaving module.

At S670, the transmitting device # C may pre-process the interleaved modulation symbol sequence by a module or unit, e.g., a pre-processing module. The preprocessing may include superposition, or alternatively, the preprocessing may include precoding.

In S680, the transmitting device # C may map the resource of the interleaved modulation symbols and transmit the mapped modulation symbols by a module or means such as a transmitting module.

Fig. 20 shows a process 700 for a receiving device # C to receive data, wherein the data may be the data transmitted by the transmitting device # C, or the receiving device # C may be a receiving end of the data transmitted by the transmitting device # C.

At S710, the receiving device # C may receive a modulation symbol sequence from a transmitting device (e.g., transmitting device # a) through time-frequency resources.

In this case, the receiving apparatus # C may deinterleave the modulation symbol sequence in units of RB sets.

At S720, the receiving device # C may perform multi-layer joint decoding on the modulation symbols to obtain modulation symbols for each of the plurality of transmission layers.

At S730, the receiving apparatus # C may deinterleave the modulation symbol sequence of each transmission layer in units of modulation symbols.

The process of deinterleaving the modulation symbol sequence of each transmission layer may be similar to the process of the receiving apparatus # a in S420, and here, detailed description thereof is omitted to avoid redundancy.

At S740, the receiving device # C may symbol-despread the modulation symbol sequence, e.g., by a despreading module or unit.

At S750, the receiving apparatus # C may demodulate the despread modulation symbol sequence by a module or unit, e.g., a demodulation module.

At S760, the receiving apparatus # C may perform bit descrambling on the input bits by a module or unit, for example, a bit descrambling module, to obtain original bits.

According to the scheme provided by the application, because the modulation symbols of the same user or the same service are generally continuous in the spread modulation symbol sequence, the transmitting device interleaves the modulation symbol sequence to be transmitted by taking the modulation symbols as a unit, and maps the interleaved modulation symbol sequence on the resource unit, so that the modulation symbols of the same user or the same service can be dispersed in the frequency domain, that is, the diversity gain can be improved, and the reliability, the accuracy and the efficiency of communication can be improved.

Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus 10 for transmitting a modulation symbol according to the foregoing method, where as shown in fig. 21, the apparatus 10 may be a transmitting device of a modulation symbol, or may be a chip or a circuit, for example, a chip or a circuit that may be disposed in the transmitting device.

The apparatus 10 may include a processing unit 11 (i.e., an example of a processing unit) and a storage unit 12. The storage unit 12 is configured to store instructions, and the processing unit 11 is configured to execute the instructions stored by the storage unit 12, so as to enable the beam detection apparatus 10 to implement the steps performed by the transmitting device (for example, the transmitting device # a described above) in the corresponding method in fig. 2.

Further, the device 10 may also include an output port 14 (i.e., another example of a communication unit). Further, the processing unit 11, the storage unit 12 and the output port 14 may communicate with each other via internal connection paths, passing control and/or data signals. The storage unit 12 is used for storing a computer program, and the processing unit 11 may be used for calling and running the computer program from the storage unit 12 to control the output port 14 to send a signal, so as to complete the steps of the sending device in the above method. The storage unit 12 may be integrated in the processing unit 11 or may be provided separately from the processing unit 11.

Alternatively, if the device 10 is a transmitting device, the output port 14 is a transmitter.

Alternatively, if the device 10 is a chip or a circuit, the output port 14 is an output interface.

As an implementation, the function of the output port 14 may be realized by a transceiver circuit or a dedicated transceiver chip. The processing unit 11 may be considered to be implemented by a dedicated processing chip, a processing circuit, a processing unit or a general-purpose chip.

As another implementation manner, a manner of using a general-purpose computer to implement the terminal device provided in the embodiment of the present application may be considered. Program codes that will realize the functions of the processing unit 11 and the outlet 14 are stored in the storage unit 12, and a general-purpose processing unit realizes the functions of the processing unit 11 and the outlet 14 by executing the codes in the storage unit 12.

In this embodiment, the processing unit 11 may spread a modulation symbol sequence including a plurality of modulation symbols according to a spreading factor L, where the spread modulation symbol sequence includes K × L modulation symbols, where L is an integer greater than 1 and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1; furthermore, the processing unit 11 may perform first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence in units of modulation symbols; the processing unit 11 may control the output port 14 to map the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol sequence after the first interleaving onto K × L resource units and transmit the K × L resource units.

Optionally, the processing unit 11 may be configured to perform first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence with T OFDM symbols as an interleaving block, where T is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Optionally, the value of T is a predefined value.

Optionally, the value of T is a value configured by the network device through high-layer signaling.

Optionally, the processing unit 11 may be configured to perform a first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence according to the spreading factor L.

Optionally, the processing unit 11 may be configured to determine a first interleaving matrix according to the spreading factor L, where the first interleaving matrix includes N × L rows, and N is a positive integer; the processing unit 11 may be configured to fill the modulation symbols to be first interleaved into the storage space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the column direction of the first interleaving matrix; the processing unit 11 may be configured to output the first interleaved modulation symbols from the memory space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the row direction of the first interleaving matrix.

Optionally, the processing unit 11 may be configured to perform cyclic shift on an element in an ith column of the first interleaving matrix according to the first shift value, where the ith column is any column in the first interleaving matrix.

Optionally, the first shift value is determined according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the receiving end device of the modulation symbol sequence is located.

Optionally, the processing unit 11 may be configured to determine the first interleaving sequence according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the receiving end device of the modulation symbol sequence is located; the processing unit 11 may be configured to perform a first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence according to the first interleaving sequence.

Optionally, when the apparatus 10 is configured in a terminal device, or the apparatus 10 itself is a terminal device, the terminal device may further receive first indication information sent by a network device, where the first indication information is used to indicate whether the spread modulation symbol sequence needs to be first interleaved; and the processing unit 11 may be configured to perform first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence when the first indication information indicates that the spread modulation symbol sequence needs to be first interleaved.

Optionally, when the apparatus 10 is configured in a network device, or the apparatus 10 itself is a network device, the network device may further send second indication information to the terminal device, where the second indication information is used to indicate that the spread modulation symbol sequence is subjected to the first interleaving.

Optionally, the modulation symbol sequence after the first interleaving corresponds to a plurality of virtual resource block VRB sets, and the K × L resource units correspond to a plurality of physical resource block PRB sets, where each VRB set includes S VRBs, each PRB set includes S PRBs, and S is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

In this case, the processing unit 11 may be configured to perform second interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence to be subjected to the first interleaving in units of VRB sets; the processing unit 11 may be configured to control the output port 14 to map the multiple VRBs in the modulation symbol sequence subjected to the second interleaving onto multiple virtual resource block VRB sets and transmit the multiple VRBs.

The functions and actions of the modules or units in the apparatus 10 listed above are only exemplary, and the modules or units in the apparatus 10 may be configured to perform the actions or processes performed by the sending device (e.g., sending device # a, sending device # B, or sending device # C) in the method described above, and a detailed description thereof is omitted here for avoiding redundancy.

For the concepts, explanations, details and other steps related to the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application related to the apparatus 10, reference is made to the descriptions of the foregoing methods or other embodiments, which are not repeated herein.

In the present application, the processing unit 11 may be constituted by the processing unit 202 of the terminal device shown in fig. 23, and the output port 14 may be constituted by the transmitting/receiving unit 201 of the terminal device shown in fig. 23.

Alternatively, the processing unit 11 may be constituted by the baseband unit 402 of the network device shown in fig. 24. The outlet 14 may be formed by a remote rf unit 401 of the network device shown in fig. 24.

Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus 30 for receiving modulation symbols according to the foregoing method, as shown in fig. 22, the apparatus 30 may be a receiving device (e.g., receiving device # a), or may be a chip or a circuit, such as a chip or a circuit that may be disposed in a network device.

The apparatus 30 may comprise a processing unit 31 and a storage unit 32. The storage unit 32 is configured to store instructions, and the processing unit 31 is configured to execute the instructions stored by the storage unit 32, so as to enable the apparatus 30 to implement the steps performed by the network device in the foregoing method.

Further, the apparatus 30 may further include an input port 33 (i.e., an example of a communication unit).

Still further, the processing unit 31, the memory unit 32 and the input port 33 may communicate with each other via internal connection paths, passing control and/or data signals.

As another implementation manner, a manner of using a general-purpose computer to implement the network device provided in the embodiment of the present application may be considered. Program codes that will realize the functions of the processing unit 31 and the input port 33 are stored in the storage unit, and the general-purpose processing unit realizes the functions of the processing unit 31 and the input port 33 by executing the codes in the storage unit.

The storage unit 32 is configured to store a computer program, and the processing unit 31 is configured to call and run the computation program from the storage unit 32 to control the input port 33 to receive a modulation symbol sequence including K × L modulation symbols through K × L resource units, where L is a spreading factor, L is an integer greater than 1, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1; the first de-interleaving is used for carrying out first de-interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence by taking the modulation symbol as a unit; for despreading the first deinterleaved modulation symbol sequence according to the spreading factor L.

Optionally, the processing unit 31 may be configured to perform first deinterleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence with T OFDM symbols as an interleaving block, where T is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

Optionally, the value of T is a predefined value.

Optionally, the processing unit 31 may be configured to perform a first deinterleaving on the modulation symbol sequence according to the spreading factor L.

Optionally, the processing unit 31 may be configured to determine a first interleaving matrix according to the spreading factor L, where the first interleaving matrix includes nxl rows, and N is a positive integer; filling modulation symbols to be subjected to first de-interleaving to a storage space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the row direction of the first interleaving matrix; and outputting the modulation symbols after the first de-interleaving from the storage space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the column direction of the first interleaving matrix.

Optionally, the processing unit 31 may be configured to perform cyclic shift on an element in an ith column of the first interleaving matrix according to the first shift value, where the ith column is any column in the first interleaving matrix.

Optionally, the processing unit 31 may be configured to determine the first interleaving sequence according to a cell identifier of a cell in which the receiving end device of the modulation symbol sequence is located; for performing a first deinterleaving on the modulation symbol sequence according to the first interleaving sequence.

Optionally, when the apparatus 30 is configured in a terminal device, or the apparatus 10 itself is a terminal device, the terminal device is further configured to receive first indication information sent by a network device, where the first indication information is used to indicate whether the modulation symbol sequence needs to be first deinterleaved before being despread.

In this case, the processing unit 31 may be configured to perform the first deinterleaving on the modulation symbol sequence when the first indication information indicates that the modulation symbol sequence needs to be first interleaved before being despread.

Optionally, when the apparatus 30 is configured in a network device, or the apparatus 10 itself is a network device, the network device is further configured to send second indication information to the terminal device, where the second indication information is used to indicate that the modulation symbol sequence needs to be first interleaved before being mapped on the resource unit.

Optionally, the modulation symbol sequence corresponds to a plurality of virtual resource block VRB sets, and the K × L resource units correspond to a plurality of physical resource block PRB sets, where each VRB set includes S VRBs, each PRB set includes S PRBs, and S is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

In this case, the processing unit 31 may be further configured to perform second interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence in units of VRB sets; for performing a first deinterleaving on the modulation symbol sequence subjected to the second deinterleaving.

The functions and actions of the modules or units in the apparatus 30 listed above are only exemplary, and the modules or units in the apparatus 30 may be configured to perform the actions or processes performed by the receiving device (e.g., receiving device # a, receiving device # B, or receiving device # C) in the above method, and a detailed description thereof is omitted here for avoiding redundancy.

For the concepts, explanations, details and other steps related to the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application related to the apparatus 30, reference is made to the descriptions of the foregoing methods or other embodiments, which are not repeated herein.

In the present application, the processing unit 31 may be constituted by the processing unit 202 of the terminal device shown in fig. 23, and the input port 33 may be constituted by the transmitting/receiving unit 201 of the terminal device shown in fig. 23.

Alternatively, the processing unit 31 may be constituted by the baseband unit 402 of the network device shown in fig. 24. The input port 33 may be formed by a remote rf unit 401 of the network device shown in fig. 24.

Fig. 23 is a schematic structural diagram of a terminal device 20 provided in the present application. For convenience of explanation, fig. 23 shows only main components of the terminal device. As shown in fig. 23, the terminal device 20 includes a processor, a memory, a control circuit, an antenna, and an input-output means.

The processor is mainly configured to process a communication protocol and communication data, control the entire terminal device, execute a software program, and process data of the software program, for example, to support the terminal device to perform the actions described in the above embodiment of the method for indicating a transmission precoding matrix. The memory is mainly used for storing software programs and data, for example, the codebook described in the above embodiments. The control circuit is mainly used for converting baseband signals and radio frequency signals and processing the radio frequency signals. The control circuit and the antenna together, which may also be called a transceiver, are mainly used for transceiving radio frequency signals in the form of electromagnetic waves. Input and output devices, such as touch screens, display screens, keyboards, etc., are used primarily for receiving data input by a user and for outputting data to the user.

When the terminal device is turned on, the processor can read the software program in the storage unit, interpret and execute the instruction of the software program, and process the data of the software program. When data needs to be sent wirelessly, the processor outputs a baseband signal to the radio frequency circuit after performing baseband processing on the data to be sent, and the radio frequency circuit performs radio frequency processing on the baseband signal and sends the radio frequency signal outwards in the form of electromagnetic waves through the antenna. When data is sent to the terminal equipment, the radio frequency circuit receives radio frequency signals through the antenna, converts the radio frequency signals into baseband signals and outputs the baseband signals to the processor, and the processor converts the baseband signals into the data and processes the data.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that fig. 23 shows only one memory and processor for ease of illustration. In an actual terminal device, there may be multiple processors and memories. The memory may also be referred to as a storage medium or a storage device, and the like, which is not limited in this application.

As an alternative implementation manner, the processor may include a baseband processor and a central processing unit, where the baseband processor is mainly used to process a communication protocol and communication data, and the central processing unit is mainly used to control the whole terminal device, execute a software program, and process data of the software program. The processor in fig. 23 integrates the functions of the baseband processor and the central processing unit, and those skilled in the art will understand that the baseband processor and the central processing unit may also be independent processors, and are interconnected through a bus or the like. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the terminal device may include a plurality of baseband processors to accommodate different network formats, the terminal device may include a plurality of central processors to enhance its processing capability, and various components of the terminal device may be connected by various buses. The baseband processor can also be expressed as a baseband processing circuit or a baseband processing chip. The central processing unit can also be expressed as a central processing circuit or a central processing chip. The function of processing the communication protocol and the communication data may be built in the processor, or may be stored in the storage unit in the form of a software program, and the processor executes the software program to realize the baseband processing function.

For example, in the embodiment of the present application, an antenna and a control circuit with transceiving functions may be regarded as the transceiving unit 201 of the terminal device 20, where the control circuit is mainly used for conversion between a baseband signal and a radio frequency signal and processing of the radio frequency signal, and a processor with processing functions may be regarded as the processing unit 202 of the terminal device 20. As shown in fig. 23, the terminal device 20 includes a transceiving unit 201 and a processing unit 202. A transceiver unit may also be referred to as a transceiver, a transceiving device, etc. Optionally, a device for implementing the receiving function in the transceiver 201 may be regarded as a receiving unit, and a device for implementing the transmitting function in the transceiver 201 may be regarded as a transmitting unit, that is, the transceiver 201 includes a receiving unit and a transmitting unit. For example, the receiving unit may also be referred to as a receiver, a receiving circuit, etc., and the sending unit may be referred to as a transmitter, a transmitting circuit, etc.

In this application, the terminal device may perform the actions performed by the transmitting device in the above-described processes 200, 400 or 600 as a transmitting device of signals or data.

In this case, for example, the processing unit 202 may perform the actions performed by the processing unit 11 in the apparatus 10 described above; alternatively, the processing unit 202 may perform the actions in S210, S220, S230, S240.

In this case, for example, the transceiver 201 may execute the operation executed by the output port 14 in the apparatus 10; alternatively, the transceiving unit 201 may perform the action in S250. Alternatively, in this application, the terminal device may perform the actions performed by the transmitting device in processes 300, 500 or 700 described above as a receiving device for signals or data.

In this case, for example, the transceiver unit 201 may perform the operations performed by the input port 33 of the apparatus 30; alternatively, the transceiver unit 201 may perform the operation in S310

Also in this case, for example, the processing unit 202 may perform the actions performed by the processing unit 31 in the apparatus 30 described above; alternatively, the processing unit 202 may perform the actions in S320, S330, S340, and S350.

Fig. 24 is a schematic structural diagram of a network device 40 according to an embodiment of the present application, which may be used to implement the functions of a network device (for example, access network device # a or core network device # α) in the foregoing method. The network device 40 includes one or more radio frequency units, such as a Remote Radio Unit (RRU) 401 and one or more baseband units (BBUs) (also referred to as digital units, DUs) 402. The RRU 401 may be referred to as a transceiver unit, transceiver circuitry, or transceiver, etc., which may include at least one antenna 4011 and a radio frequency unit 4012. The RRU 401 is mainly used for transceiving radio frequency signals and converting radio frequency signals and baseband signals, for example, for sending signaling messages described in the above embodiments to a terminal device. The BBU 402 is mainly used for performing baseband processing, controlling a base station, and the like. The RRU 401 and the BBU 402 may be physically disposed together or may be physically disposed separately, that is, distributed base stations.

The BBU 402 is a control center of a base station, and may also be referred to as a processing unit, and is mainly used for performing baseband processing functions, such as channel coding, multiplexing, modulation, spreading, and the like. For example, the BBU (processing unit) 402 can be used to control the base station 40 to execute the operation flow related to the network device in the above-described method embodiment.

In this application, the network device may act as a transmitting device for signals or data to perform the actions performed by the transmitting device in processes 200, 400, or 600 described above.

In this case, for example, the BBU 402 can execute the actions performed by the processing unit 11 in the apparatus 10 described above; in other words, the BBU 402 can perform the actions in S210, S220, S230, S240.

Also, in this case, for example, RRU 401 may perform the actions performed by output port 14 in apparatus 10 described above; alternatively, the transceiving unit 201 may perform the action in S250.

Alternatively, in this application, the network device may act as a receiving device for signals or data to perform the actions performed by the transmitting device in processes 300, 500, or 700 described above.

In this case, for example, RRU 401 may perform the actions performed by input port 33 in apparatus 30 described above; alternatively, RRU 401 may perform the actions in S310

Also in this case, for example, the BBU 402 may execute the action performed by the processing unit 31 in the above-described apparatus 30; in other words, the BBU 402 can perform the actions in S320, S330, S340, and S350.

In an example, the BBU 402 may be formed by one or more boards, and the boards may support a radio access network of a single access system (e.g., an LTE system or a 5G system) together, or may support radio access networks of different access systems respectively. The BBU 402 also includes a memory 4021 and a processor 4022. The memory 4021 is used to store necessary instructions and data. For example, the memory 4021 stores the codebook and the like in the above-described embodiments. The processor 4022 is configured to control the base station to perform necessary actions, for example, to control the base station to execute the operation flow related to the network device in the above method embodiment. The memory 4021 and the processor 4022 may serve one or more boards. That is, the memory and processor may be provided separately on each board. Multiple boards may share the same memory and processor. In addition, each single board can be provided with necessary circuits.

In one possible implementation, with the development of system-on-chip (SoC) technology, all or part of the functions of the part 402 and the part 401 may be implemented by SoC technology, for example, by a base station function chip integrating a processor, a memory, an antenna interface and other devices, and a program of the related functions of the base station is stored in the memory and executed by the processor to implement the related functions of the base station. Optionally, the base station function chip can also read a memory outside the chip to implement the relevant functions of the base station.

It should be understood that the structure of the network device illustrated in fig. 24 is only one possible form, and should not limit the embodiments of the present application in any way. This application does not exclude the possibility of other forms of base station structure that may appear in the future.

According to the method provided by the embodiment of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, which includes the foregoing network device and one or more terminal devices.

It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), and the processor may also be other general-purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, and the like. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like.

It will also be appreciated that the memory in the embodiments of the subject application can be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory. The non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a Programmable ROM (PROM), an Erasable PROM (EPROM), an electrically Erasable EPROM (EEPROM), or a flash memory. Volatile memory can be Random Access Memory (RAM), which acts as external cache memory. By way of example, but not limitation, many forms of Random Access Memory (RAM) are available, such as Static RAM (SRAM), Dynamic RAM (DRAM), Synchronous DRAM (SDRAM), double data rate SDRAM (DDR SDRAM), Enhanced SDRAM (ESDRAM), synchronous DRAM (SLDRAM), and direct bus RAM (DR RAM).

The above embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, the above-described embodiments may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product comprises one or more computer instructions or computer programs. The procedures or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are wholly or partially generated when the computer instructions or the computer program are loaded or executed on a computer. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored on a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by wire (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains one or more collections of available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy disk, hard disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium may be a solid state disk.

It should be understood that the term "and/or" herein is merely one type of association relationship that describes an associated object, meaning that three relationships may exist, e.g., a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the former and latter related objects are in an "or" relationship.

It should be understood that, in the various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the execution sequence, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation to the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the various illustrative elements and algorithm steps described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein may be implemented as electronic hardware or combinations of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether such functionality is implemented as hardware or software depends upon the particular application and design constraints imposed on the implementation. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality in varying ways for each particular application, but such implementation decisions should not be interpreted as causing a departure from the scope of the present application. It is clear to those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the above-described systems, apparatuses and units may refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and are not described herein again. In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed system, apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. For example, the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and for example, the division of the units is only one logical division, and other divisions may be realized in practice, for example, a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not executed. In addition, the shown or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, and may be in an electrical, mechanical or other form.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment. In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit. The functions, if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may be stored in a computer readable storage medium. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present application or portions thereof that substantially contribute to the prior art may be embodied in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium and including instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present application. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: u disk, removable hard disk, read only memory, random access memory, magnetic or optical disk, etc. for storing program codes.

The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting modulation symbols, comprising:

spreading a modulation symbol sequence comprising a plurality of modulation symbols according to a spreading factor L, wherein the spread modulation symbol sequence comprises K multiplied by L modulation symbols, L is an integer greater than 1, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

performing first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence;

and mapping the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol sequence subjected to the first interleaving to K multiplied by L resource units and sending the modulation symbols.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the sequence of spread modulation symbols corresponds to one or more orthogonal frequency division multiplexing, OFDM, symbols, and

the first interleaving of the spread modulation symbol sequence includes:

and taking T OFDM symbols as an interleaving block, and performing first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence, wherein T is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the value of T is a predefined value; or

And the value of T is a value configured by the network equipment through high-level signaling.

4. The method according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first interleaving the spread modulation symbol sequence comprises:

and carrying out first interleaving on the modulated symbol sequence after the spreading according to the spreading factor L.

5. The method of claim 4, wherein the first interleaving the spread modulation symbol sequence according to the spreading factor L comprises:

determining a first interleaving matrix according to the spreading factor L, wherein the first interleaving matrix comprises N multiplied by L rows, and N is a positive integer;

filling modulation symbols to be subjected to first interleaving to a storage space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the column direction of the first interleaving matrix;

and outputting the modulation symbols after the first interleaving from the storage space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the row direction of the first interleaving matrix.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein the first interleaving further comprises, before outputting the first interleaved modulation symbols from the memory space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the row direction of the first interleaving matrix:

cyclically shifting elements in an ith column of the first interleaving matrix according to a first shift value, wherein the ith column is any column in the first interleaving matrix.

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the first shift value is determined according to a cell identifier of a cell in which a receiving device of the modulation symbol sequence is located.

8. The method according to any of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first interleaving the spread modulation symbol sequence comprises:

determining a first interleaving sequence according to the cell identification of the cell in which the receiving end equipment of the modulation symbol sequence is positioned;

and carrying out first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence according to the first interleaving sequence.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising:

receiving first indication information sent by network equipment, wherein the first indication information is used for indicating that the first interleaving is carried out on the expanded modulation symbol sequence; and

the first interleaving of the spread modulation symbol sequence comprises:

and performing first interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence according to the first indication information.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, further comprising:

and sending second indication information to the terminal equipment, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating that the spread modulation symbol sequence is subjected to first interleaving.

11. The method according to any of claims 1-10, wherein the first interleaved modulation symbol sequence corresponds to a plurality of virtual resource block, VRB, sets, the K x L resource elements correspond to a plurality of physical resource block, PRB, sets, wherein each VRB set comprises S VRBs, each PRB set comprises S PRBs, S is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and

the mapping and sending the modulation symbols in the modulation symbol sequence after the first interleaving to K × L resource units includes:

performing second interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence subjected to the first interleaving by taking a VRB set as a unit;

and mapping a plurality of VRBs in the modulation symbol sequence subjected to the second interleaving to a plurality of virtual resource block VRB sets and transmitting.

12. A method of receiving modulation symbols, comprising:

receiving a modulation symbol sequence comprising K × L modulation symbols through K × L resource units, wherein L is a spreading factor, L is an integer greater than 1, and K is an integer greater than or equal to 1;

performing a first deinterleaving on the modulation symbol sequence;

and according to the spreading factor L, despreading the modulation symbol sequence after the first de-interleaving.

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the sequence of modulation symbols corresponds to one or more Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbols, and wherein

The first deinterleaving of the modulation symbol sequence includes:

and taking T OFDM symbols as an interleaving block, and performing first de-interleaving on the spread modulation symbol sequence, wherein T is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

14. The method of claim 13, wherein the value of T is a predefined value; or

15. The method according to any of claims 12 to 14, wherein said first deinterleaving the sequence of modulation symbols comprises:

and performing first de-interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence according to the spreading factor L.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the first deinterleaving the sequence of modulation symbols according to the spreading factor L comprises:

filling modulation symbols to be subjected to first de-interleaving to a storage space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the row direction of the first interleaving matrix;

and outputting the modulation symbols after the first de-interleaving from the storage space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the column direction of the first interleaving matrix.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the first deinterleaving further comprises, before outputting the first deinterleaved modulation symbols from the memory space corresponding to the first interleaving matrix according to the column direction of the first interleaving matrix:

18. The method of claim 17, wherein the first shift value is determined according to a cell identifier of a cell in which a receiving device of the modulation symbol sequence is located.

19. The method according to any of claims 12 to 14, wherein said first deinterleaving the sequence of modulation symbols comprises:

and performing first de-interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence according to the first interleaving sequence.

20. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 19, further comprising:

receiving first indication information sent by network equipment, wherein the first indication information is used for carrying out first de-interleaving on a modulation symbol sequence; and

the first deinterleaving of the modulation symbol sequence comprises:

and performing first de-interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence according to the first indication information.

21. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 19, further comprising:

and sending second indication information to the terminal equipment, wherein the second indication information is used for indicating that the modulation symbol sequence needs to be subjected to first interleaving before being mapped on the resource unit.

22. The method according to any of claims 12-21, wherein the modulation symbol sequence corresponds to a plurality of virtual resource block, VRB, sets, and the K x L resource elements correspond to a plurality of physical resource block, PRB, sets, wherein each VRB set comprises S VRBs, each PRB set comprises S PRBs, S is an integer greater than or equal to 1, and

prior to the first deinterleaving of the modulation symbol sequence, the method further comprises:

performing second interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence by taking a VRB set as a unit;

the first deinterleaving of the modulation symbol sequence includes:

and performing first de-interleaving on the modulation symbol sequence subjected to the second de-interleaving.

23. A communication device, comprising:

a processor for executing a computer program stored in a memory to cause the communication device to perform the method of any of claims 1 to 22.

24. A computer-readable storage medium, having stored thereon a computer program which, when run on a computer, causes the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 22.

25. A chip system, comprising: a processor for calling and running a computer program from a memory so that a communication device in which the system-on-chip is installed performs the method of any one of claims 1 to 22.