CN110635503A - Commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value optimization method - Google Patents

Commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value optimization method Download PDF

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CN110635503A
CN110635503A CN201911029884.2A CN201911029884A CN110635503A CN 110635503 A CN110635503 A CN 110635503A CN 201911029884 A CN201911029884 A CN 201911029884A CN 110635503 A CN110635503 A CN 110635503A
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direct current
power
commutation failure
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voltage value
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CN110635503B (en
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郑晨一
汤奕
刘福锁
王玉
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Southeast University
NARI Group Corp
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
    • H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
    • Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

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Abstract

The invention discloses a commutation failure prediction control starting voltage value optimization method, which comprises the following steps: simulating and calculating power impact of each return direct current commutation failure, and calculating a power impact contribution index; calculating a reactive influence degree index according to the direct current running state and the receiving end alternating current power grid equivalent impedance matrix; calculating a parameter setting priority index, and sequencing from big to small; and determining the commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value of each return direct current. The method can effectively reduce the whole power impact of commutation failure and avoid the adverse effect on the voltage stability of the receiving end alternating current power grid caused by overlarge multi-loop direct current reactive power demand.

Description

Commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value optimization method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power system stability analysis and control research, in particular to a commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value optimization method.
Background
In order to meet the increasing power utilization requirements of the load center, external power is received through a high-voltage direct-current power transmission project with the advantages of high capacity and long-distance power transmission, so that the cross-regional optimal configuration of energy is realized, and the method is an effective means for relieving the energy supply pressure in the load center region. However, a multi-feed-in direct current system formed by multi-loop direct current feed-in alternating current power grid brings new problems to the safety and stability of the power grid. The failure of multi-circuit direct current commutation caused by the fault of a receiving end alternating current power grid is one of the important problems of a multi-feed direct current system, and the stable operation of the power grid is seriously threatened by the power impact and the voltage fluctuation caused by the failure.
Research shows that the commutation failure risk can be reduced by optimizing a direct current system control protection strategy. The commutation failure prediction control is an important link in the commutation failure prediction control, and can directly improve commutation margin by controlling an inverter to trigger in advance, so that commutation failure is suppressed. At present, research aiming at commutation failure prediction control is relatively few, and the research is mainly based on improvement of single-loop direct current, and the integral influence of multiple loops of direct current on reactive power and voltage stability of a receiving-end alternating current power grid is not considered. And relevant researches show that the phase commutation failure prediction control parameter change has important influence on the reactive power interaction characteristic of an alternating current and direct current system, and even can cause the voltage instability of a receiving-end power grid under severe conditions.
Therefore, the method for performing coordination optimization on commutation failure prediction control of multi-circuit direct current still faces a blank in the current research by comprehensively considering power impact and reactive power requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the problems, the invention provides a commutation failure prediction control optimization method which can effectively reduce the overall power impact of commutation failure and avoid the adverse effect on the voltage stability of a receiving end alternating current power grid caused by overlarge multi-loop direct current reactive power requirement.
The technical scheme is as follows: in order to realize the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
firstly, comprehensively considering power impact and reactive power requirements, and evaluating the influence degree of each return direct current; and then, sorting the influence degree indexes, and setting commutation failure prediction control parameters according to the difference of the evaluation results. The method specifically comprises the following steps:
a commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value optimization method comprises the following steps:
(1) simulating and calculating power impact of each return direct current commutation failure, and calculating a power impact contribution index;
(2) calculating a reactive influence degree index according to the direct current running state and the receiving end alternating current power grid equivalent impedance matrix;
(3) calculating a parameter setting priority index, and sequencing from big to small;
(4) and determining the commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value of each return direct current.
Further, the method for calculating the power impact contribution index in step (1) is as follows:
the effect of a failed commutation on the receiving ac grid can be seen as a brief power surge, as shown in the following equation:
Figure BDA0002249833530000021
wherein, t0、t1Respectively indicating the commutation failure moment and the moment when the DC power is recovered to the steady state, Pd0、PdRespectively representing direct current initial power and real-time power;
the strength of the receiving end alternating current power grid is measured by adopting a multi-feed-in effective short circuit ratio, and the multi-feed-in effective short circuit ratio is approximately calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002249833530000022
wherein, PdNi、PdNjI, j return DC rated power, SaciFor short-circuit capacity, Q, of commutation bus iciFor the reactive compensation capacity, Z, of the converter station iijRepresents the mutual impedance of the nodes i and j in the equivalent impedance matrix of the receiving end AC power grid, ZiiRepresents the self-impedance of node i;
based on a power impact calculation formula and a multi-feed-in effective short circuit ratio calculation formula, calculating a phase commutation failure power impact contribution index to measure the influence ratio of a certain return direct current when multiple return direct currents fail to commutate simultaneously, wherein the power impact contribution index calculation formula is as follows:
Figure BDA0002249833530000023
wherein, MIESCRiAnd Δ EiRespectively representing the multi-feed effective short-circuit ratio of the ith return direct current and the power impact of one commutation failure, wherein n is the total number of the direct current.
Further, the method for calculating the reactive influence degree index in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
the reactive power consumed by the direct current steady-state operation is used for roughly measuring the disturbed reactive power demand, and the proportion of the reactive power demand of each loop is calculated by the following formula:
Figure BDA0002249833530000024
wherein, Pi、Qi、βi、γiRespectively representing active power, reactive power, a trigger advance angle and an arc extinguishing angle when the ith return DC is in steady-state operation, wherein n is the DC return number;
and evaluating the coupling degree of each return direct current near region to other direct current landing points, wherein the electrical distance between two nodes in the receiving end alternating current power grid is shown as the following formula:
Zj→k＝Zjj+Zkk-2Zjk；
wherein Z isjkRepresents the mutual impedance of the nodes j and k in the equivalent impedance matrix of the receiving end AC power grid, ZjjAnd ZkkRespectively representing the self-impedance of nodes j and k;
and further calculating the electrical coupling degrees of all nodes in the direct current near-zone three-level section to other direct current conversion buses, as shown in the following formula:
wherein m and n respectively represent the number of near zone nodes and the number of direct current returns;
further calculating the index of the reactive influence degree of each return direct current as follows:
ξi2＝ηi·Di。
further, in the step (3), the calculation formula of the parameter priority index of each return direct current is as follows:
ξi＝ξi1/ξi2；
wherein ξi1Is the index of power impact contribution degree of each return DC, xii2The reactive influence degree index of each return direct current is obtained; and sequencing the parameter priority indexes of all the return direct currents from large to small, wherein the larger the value of the parameter priority indexes is, the stronger the influence of the direct current i on the power impact of the alternating current power grid at the receiving end is, and the phase change failure predictive control starting voltage value is relatively higher.
Further, the method for calculating the commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value of each return direct current in the step (4) comprises the following steps:
determining the starting voltage value of each loop of direct current commutation failure predictive control according to the parameter priority index of each loop of direct current, and setting the starting voltage value of the x-th direct current commutation failure predictive control as shown in the following formula:
Ucrx＝0.85-0.02(x-1) (9)。
has the advantages that: compared with the prior art, the method comprehensively considers the power impact and the reactive power demand to coordinate and optimize the multi-direct-current commutation failure prediction control, and can effectively reduce the integral power impact of commutation failure and avoid the adverse effect on the voltage stability of the receiving-end alternating-current power grid caused by the overlarge multi-loop direct-current reactive power demand.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a multi-loop DC reactive demand distribution using a prior art method;
FIG. 3 is a multi-loop DC reactive demand distribution using the method of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a reactive power demand versus curve;
FIG. 5 is a commutation bus voltage versus curve;
fig. 6 is a graph comparing the extinction angle.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples, and it should be understood that the following specific embodiments are only illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Commutation failure prediction control is an important link for reducing commutation failure risks, but current research is mainly based on optimization and improvement of single-circuit direct current, and important influences of multiple circuits of direct current on reactive power and voltage stability of a receiving-end alternating current power grid are not considered. Aiming at the problem, the invention provides a commutation failure prediction control starting voltage value optimization method. Firstly, comprehensively considering power impact and reactive power requirements, and evaluating the influence degree of each return direct current; and then, sorting the influence degree indexes, and setting commutation failure prediction control parameters according to the difference of the evaluation results. Compared with the prior art, the method can effectively reduce the integral power impact of commutation failure and avoid the adverse effect on the voltage stability of the receiving end alternating current power grid caused by overlarge multi-loop direct current reactive power requirement.
As shown in fig. 1, a commutation failure prediction control starting voltage value optimization method includes the following steps:
(1) simulating and calculating power impact of each return direct current commutation failure, and calculating a power impact contribution index;
the influence of the commutation failure on the receiving-end alternating-current power grid can be regarded as a short power impact, as shown in formula (1):
Figure BDA0002249833530000041
wherein, t0、t1Respectively indicating the commutation failure moment and the moment when the DC power is recovered to the steady state, Pd0、PdRespectively representing the dc initial power and the real time power.
On the other hand, the degree of influence of the direct-current power impact on the receiving-end alternating-current power grid is not only related to the direct-current power, but the weaker the intensity of the receiving-end alternating-current power grid is, the more serious the influence of the power impact on the receiving-end alternating-current power grid is. In the current research, the intensity of the receiving-end alternating current power grid is usually measured by using a short-circuit ratio index, and in consideration of the action and difference of each direct current drop point reactive power compensation device, the intensity of the receiving-end alternating current power grid is measured by using a multi-fed effective short circuit ratio (MIESCR), which can be approximately calculated by formula (2):
wherein, PdNi、PdNjI, j return DC rated power, SaciFor short-circuit capacity, Q, of commutation bus iciIs the reactive compensation capacity of the converter station i. ZijRepresents the mutual impedance of the nodes i and j in the equivalent impedance matrix of the receiving end AC power grid, ZiiRepresenting the self-impedance of node i.
Calculating a commutation failure power impact contribution index based on the formulas (1) and (2) to measure the influence ratio of a certain circuit of direct current when commutation fails at the same time of multiple circuits of direct current, as shown in the formula (3):
Figure BDA0002249833530000052
wherein, MIESCRiAnd Δ EiRespectively representing the multi-feed effective short-circuit ratio of the ith return direct current and the power impact of one commutation failure, wherein n is the total number of the direct current.
(2) Calculating a reactive influence degree index according to the direct current running state and the receiving end alternating current power grid equivalent impedance matrix;
the disturbed reactive power demand is roughly measured by the reactive power consumed by the direct current steady-state operation, and the proportion of the reactive power demand of each loop of direct current can be calculated by the formula (4):
wherein, Pi、Qi、βi、γiRespectively representing active power, reactive power, a trigger advance angle and an extinction angle when the ith return DC steady state operation is performed, wherein n is DCAnd counting back.
Obviously, the ratio eta of the DC reactive power requirements of each loopiThe larger the reactive power of the direct current on the receiving end alternating current power grid is. However, because the electrical distance is relatively small, a short-range fault of one-loop direct current often causes a large-amplitude drop of the voltage of other direct current conversion buses, so that the reactive power demand of multiple-loop direct currents is increased at the same time, and the reactive power demand can be equivalently regarded as the reactive power influence of the direct current on a receiving-end alternating current power grid. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the coupling degree of each return direct current near zone to other direct current drop points, and the electrical distance between two nodes in the receiving end alternating current grid is shown in formula (5):
Zj→k＝Zjj+Zkk-2Zjk (5)；
wherein Z isjkRepresents the mutual impedance of the nodes j and k in the equivalent impedance matrix of the receiving end AC power grid, ZjjAnd ZkkRepresenting the self-impedance of nodes j, k, respectively.
And further calculating the electrical coupling degrees of all nodes in the direct current near-zone three-level section to other direct current conversion buses, as shown in formula (6):
Figure BDA0002249833530000061
wherein m and n respectively represent the number of near zone nodes and the number of direct current returns.
Based on the formulas (4) to (6), the reactive influence degree index of each loop of direct current can be calculated, and the formula (7) is shown as follows:
ξi2＝ηi·Di (7)。
(3) calculating the parameter setting priority indexes of all the return direct currents, and sequencing the return direct currents from large to small;
calculating the priority index of the parameters of each return direct current according to the formula (3) and the formula (7), as shown in the formula (8):
ξi＝ξi1/ξi2 (8)；
and sequencing the parameter priority indexes of all the return direct currents from large to small, wherein the larger the value of the parameter priority indexes is, the stronger the influence of the direct current i on the power impact of the alternating current power grid at the receiving end is, and the phase change failure predictive control starting voltage value is relatively higher.
(4) Determining a commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value of each return direct current;
setting a starting voltage threshold value of commutation failure predictive control according to the magnitude sorting condition of parameter priority indexes of each return direct current, wherein the upper limit of the starting voltage value of the commutation failure predictive control in actual engineering is usually set to be 0.85p.u., and according to engineering experience, setting the starting voltage threshold value of the commutation failure predictive control arranged at the x-th position as shown in a formula (9):
Ucrx＝0.85-0.02(x-1) (9)。
in the embodiment, the PSD-BPA developed by the chinese academy of electrical sciences is used as a simulation tool, and simulation analysis is performed based on certain actual power grid data, wherein the data includes FF, JS, LZ, LF, YH, BJ, LS, and JN, and eight direct currents are counted in total.
According to the steps, calculating the parameter priority index and commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value of each return direct current, as shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value
Figure BDA0002249833530000062
Figure BDA0002249833530000071
Three-phase permanent short circuit N-1 fault scanning is carried out on all lines in each loop of direct current near-zone three-level section, a power impact evaluation index I caused by multiple loops of direct current to a receiving end alternating current power grid is calculated according to a formula (10), and the larger the value of the power impact evaluation index I is, the larger the power impact of the multiple loops of direct current is, the larger the value of the power impact evaluation index I is:
Figure BDA0002249833530000072
wherein n is a direct current return number, PiActive power for the i-th return DC steady state operation, MiFor ith return in fault setMaximum number of consecutive commutation failures of direct current, λkiIs the probability of k commutation failures occurring in the ith flybackiAnd represents the power fluctuation time of commutation failure (which is simplified to 200ms according to the DC power fluctuation rule).
The power impact assessment index I for the inventive method, the prior art method, and the unoptimized case was calculated according to equation (10) to be 0.0764, 0.0757, and 0.0822, respectively. Compared with the method before optimization, the method can greatly reduce commutation failure power impact; compared with the existing method, the evaluation index of commutation failure power impact is slightly higher, but the overall reactive power requirement of multi-circuit direct current is effectively improved. Comparing fig. 2 and fig. 3, it can be known that, after the commutation failure prediction control parameter is optimized by the method of the present invention, the fault proportion of the multi-circuit direct current whose reactive power absorption from the receiving-end alternating current power grid exceeds 4500Mvar is reduced from 11% to 4%, and the serious situation that the reactive power absorption exceeds 5500Mvar does not occur.
Further, by taking JS direct current under a specific fault as an example for comparative analysis, as can be seen from fig. 4 and 5, the JS direct current commutation failure prediction control starting voltage value set by the method (experimental group) of the present invention is lower, so that the reactive power demand is improved, and compared with a control group adopting the existing method, the present invention is more favorable for suppressing reactive power fluctuation and promoting voltage recovery. As can be seen from the arc-quenching angle curve shown in fig. 6, the JS direct-current commutation failure condition is not worsened while the reactive power requirement is reduced in the experimental group of the method of the present invention, and compared with the control group adopting the existing method, only one commutation failure occurs.
In conclusion, the commutation failure prediction control optimization method provided by the invention can effectively reduce the commutation failure power impact, simultaneously avoid overlarge multi-loop direct current reactive power demand, and is beneficial to reducing the reactive power shortage and voltage fluctuation of a receiving-end alternating current power grid and reducing the voltage instability risk compared with the existing method.

Claims (5)

1. A commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value optimization method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) simulating and calculating power impact of each return direct current commutation failure, and calculating a power impact contribution index;
(2) calculating a reactive influence degree index according to the direct current running state and the receiving end alternating current power grid equivalent impedance matrix;
(3) calculating a parameter setting priority index, and sequencing from big to small;
(4) and determining the commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value of each return direct current.
2. The commutation failure prediction control starting voltage value optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the power surge contribution index in the step (1) comprises the following steps:
the effect of a failed commutation on the receiving ac grid can be seen as a brief power surge, as shown in the following equation:
Figure FDA0002249833520000011
wherein, t0、t1Respectively indicating the commutation failure moment and the moment when the DC power is recovered to the steady state, Pd0、PdRespectively representing direct current initial power and real-time power;
the strength of the receiving end alternating current power grid is measured by adopting a multi-feed-in effective short circuit ratio, and the multi-feed-in effective short circuit ratio is approximately calculated by the following formula:
wherein, PdNi、PdNjI, j return DC rated power, SaciFor short-circuit capacity, Q, of commutation bus iciFor the reactive compensation capacity, Z, of the converter station iijRepresents the mutual impedance of the nodes i and j in the equivalent impedance matrix of the receiving end AC power grid, ZiiRepresents the self-impedance of node i;
based on a power impact calculation formula and a multi-feed-in effective short circuit ratio calculation formula, calculating a phase commutation failure power impact contribution index to measure the influence ratio of a certain return direct current when multiple return direct currents fail to commutate simultaneously, wherein the power impact contribution index calculation formula is as follows:
Figure FDA0002249833520000013
wherein, MIESCRiAnd Δ EiRespectively representing the multi-feed effective short-circuit ratio of the ith return direct current and the power impact of one commutation failure, wherein n is the total number of the direct current.
3. The commutation failure prediction control starting voltage value optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the method for calculating the reactive influence degree index in the step (2) comprises the following steps:
the reactive power consumed by the direct current steady-state operation is used for roughly measuring the disturbed reactive power demand, and the proportion of the reactive power demand of each loop is calculated by the following formula:
Figure FDA0002249833520000021
wherein, Pi、Qi、βi、γiRespectively representing active power, reactive power, a trigger advance angle and an arc extinguishing angle when the ith return DC is in steady-state operation, wherein n is the DC return number;
and evaluating the coupling degree of each return direct current near region to other direct current landing points, wherein the electrical distance between two nodes in the receiving end alternating current power grid is shown as the following formula:
Zj→k＝Zjj+Zkk-2Zjk；
wherein Z isjkRepresents the mutual impedance of the nodes j and k in the equivalent impedance matrix of the receiving end AC power grid, ZjjAnd ZkkRespectively representing the self-impedance of nodes j and k;
and further calculating the electrical coupling degrees of all nodes in the direct current near-zone three-level section to other direct current conversion buses, as shown in the following formula:
Figure FDA0002249833520000022
wherein m and n respectively represent the number of near zone nodes and the number of direct current returns;
further calculating the index of the reactive influence degree of each return direct current as follows:
ξi2＝ηi·Di。
4. the commutation failure prediction control starting voltage value optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the parameter priority index of each return direct current in the step (3) is as follows:
ξi＝ξi1/ξi2；
wherein ξi1Is the index of power impact contribution degree of each return DC, xii2The reactive influence degree index of each return direct current is obtained; and sequencing the parameter priority indexes of all the return direct currents from large to small, wherein the larger the value of the parameter priority indexes is, the stronger the influence of the direct current i commutation failure power impact is, and the commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value is relatively higher.
5. The commutation failure prediction control starting voltage value optimization method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation method of the commutation failure prediction control starting voltage value of each return direct current in the step (4) comprises the following steps:
determining the commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value of each return direct current according to the parameter priority index of each return direct current, wherein the setting of the commutation failure predictive control starting voltage value of the direct current arranged at the x-th position is shown as the following formula:
Ucrx＝0.85-0.02(x-1) (9)。
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CN112787351B (en) * 2021-01-07 2022-07-19 国网江苏省电力有限公司经济技术研究院 Coordination control method for low-voltage current limiting link of multi-loop direct current system
CN113890078A (en) * 2021-08-26 2022-01-04 国家电网公司西南分部 VDCOL parameter optimization-based multi-direct-current coordination recovery method
CN113890078B (en) * 2021-08-26 2022-10-21 国家电网公司西南分部 VDCOL parameter optimization-based multi-direct-current coordination recovery method

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