CN110633896A - Variable-duration S-T interactive coding method, system and algorithm with scale invariance - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of teaching analysis, and particularly relates to a variable-duration S-T interactive coding method, a variable-duration S-T interactive coding system and a variable-duration S-T interactive coding algorithm with unchanged scales.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of teaching analysis, and particularly relates to a variable-duration S-T interactive coding method, a system and an algorithm with scale invariance.
Background
The S-T analysis method is a common analysis method in the current classroom teaching analysis method, for the traditional S-T analysis method, although one code coded in 30 seconds can greatly compress the workload of manual coding, for classroom teaching with frequent interaction between teachers and students, the fixed 30-second sampling time length is difficult to accurately code teaching activities such as teacher-student conversation with shorter time length, namely the traditional S-T analysis is difficult to describe the teaching activities with frequent interaction, which is really not as accurate as the 3-second code of FIAC. As the 30-second sampling time length can shield a lot of rapid teacher-student interaction activities, the teacher-student interaction rate Ch obtained by the traditional S-T analysis due to the coding problem is small.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a variable-duration S-T interactive coding method, a variable-duration S-T interactive coding system and a variable-duration S-T interactive coding algorithm with unchanged scales, which can adjust the weights of teacher-student interaction according to the teacher-student interaction frequency by coding teaching activities with relatively short duration.
The technical scheme for solving the problems is as follows:
the provided variable-time S-T interactive coding method of scale invariance comprises the following steps:
and 3, according to the variable-duration S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B, sequentially detecting the interaction time and the non-interaction time of teachers and students in a classroom, respectively carrying out IA coding and NI coding, reordering and assigning the IA coding and the NI coding according to the starting time, assigning the IA coding as the interactive S-T interaction coding with interaction to be 1, assigning the NI coding as the non-interactive S-T interaction coding with interaction to be 0, simultaneously recording the starting time ts and the duration T of each interaction coding, and generating an S-T interaction coding sequence C facing the interaction of teachers and students, wherein the duration T of each interaction coding is the weight of the interaction coding, and the interaction coding comprises the IA coding and the NI coding.
Further, in step 2, the floating sampling duration method takes the smaller of the average duration of the S-T behavior coding sequence a and the value of 30S as the floating sampling duration.
Further, step 2, calculating the average time length of each code of the S-T behavior code sequence A, if the average time length is less than 30 seconds, using the average time length as the floating time length of the encryption subdivision sampling, and otherwise, taking the floating time length as 30 seconds; and then, carrying out encryption subdivision sampling on the sequence A by using the floating time length to obtain a variable time length S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B.
Further, in step 2, the encrypted subdivision sampling is to subdivide the information exceeding the average time length of the teaching record in the T behavior and the S behavior again, by: and rounding the T behavior or S behavior/floating sampling duration upwards to obtain a subdivision number, and segmenting the duration of the T behavior or S behavior by using the duration/subdivision number of the T behavior or S behavior.
Further, in step 3, the IA code is generated by: finding out time points of the teacher-student interaction according to the variable-duration S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B; intercepting the later section of the variable-time S-T behavior subdivision coding before the interaction between the teachers and the students according to the proportion of lambda (lambda is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1); intercepting the front segment of the variable-time S-T behavior subdivision code after interaction according to the proportion of 1-lambda; and merging the rear section of the variable-time-length S-T behavior subdivision code and the front section of the variable-time-length S-T behavior subdivision code to generate the IA code.
Further, in step 3, after the IA codes are generated, blank periods between the IA codes are all regarded as non-interactive periods, the non-interactive periods are NI codes, the NI code start time is 0s or the end time of the previous IA code, and the NI code end time is the start time of the next IA code or the end time of the whole lesson.
The invention also provides a coding system of the variable-duration S-T interactive coding, which comprises a coding sequence A generating module for generating the S-T behavior coding sequence A, a coding sequence B generating module for generating the variable-duration S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B and a coding sequence C generating module for generating the S-T interactive coding sequence C.
The invention also provides a generation algorithm of the S-T interactive coding sequence C, which comprises the following steps:
s1: inputting the variable-duration S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B into a coding sequence C generation module;
s2: finding out all teacher and student interaction moments according to the subdivision coding sequence B and forming an interaction set;
s3: the coding sequence C generation module realizes the function of S-T interactive coding according to the interactive set;
s4: and outputting the S-T interaction coding sequence C.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the variable-time-length S-T interactive coding method with the unchanged scale, the teaching activities with relatively short duration are coded, the weights of teacher-student interaction can be adjusted according to the teacher-student interaction frequency, education and evaluation personnel can be helped to intuitively analyze and evaluate the teacher-student interaction conditions in a classroom, and a basis is provided for subsequent classroom teaching automatic evaluation.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of teacher-student interaction information generated from a class teaching log according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of an S-T behavior code sequence A generated from a classroom teaching log according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2B is a schematic diagram of the S-T behavior encoding sequence A in FIG. 2a, and a variable-duration behavior subdivision encoding B using the teaching record 4-second average duration as a standard;
FIG. 2C is a schematic representation of the S-T interaction code sequence C generated from FIG. 2 b;
FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of the variation of a time-varying duration line-segment coding B from S to T;
FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of interaction duration in an interaction state of the S-T interaction code sequence C.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, it being understood that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.
Examples
The variable-duration S-T interactive coding method of the scale invariance specifically comprises the following steps:
and 3, according to the variable-duration S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B, sequentially detecting the interaction time and the non-interaction time of teachers and students in a classroom, respectively carrying out IA coding and NI coding, reordering and assigning the IA coding and the NI coding according to the starting time, assigning the IA coding as the interactive S-T interaction coding with interaction to be 1, assigning the NI coding as the non-interactive S-T interaction coding with interaction to be 0, simultaneously recording the starting time ts and the duration T of each interaction coding, and generating an S-T interaction coding sequence C facing the interaction of teachers and students, wherein the duration T of each interaction coding is the weight of the interaction coding, and the interaction coding comprises the IA coding and the NI coding.
In step 1 of this embodiment, the variable-duration S-T interactive encoding method with scale invariance is based on teaching records in a classroom teaching log, and provides an S-T behavior-oriented variable-duration automatic encoding method to generate an S-T behavior encoding sequence a, and if the speaker in the ith record is a teacher, the encoding sequence is a T code, and the digital encoding value is "1"; if the speaker is a student or missing speaker (i.e., a record of silent instructional activity), then this record generates an S-code with a numeric code value of "0". Meanwhile, the start-stop time information of the teaching record can be used for generating the start time T corresponding to the S-T codesiAnd duration of teaching activity ti。
In step 2 of this embodiment, the floating sampling duration method takes the smaller of the average duration of the S-T behavior code sequence a and 30S as the floating sampling duration.
In step 2 of this embodiment, the encrypted subdivision sampling is to subdivide the information exceeding the average duration of the teaching record in the T behavior and the S behavior again, by: and rounding the average time length of the T action or the S action upwards to obtain a subdivision number, and segmenting the time length of the T action or the S action by using the time length/subdivision number of the T action or the S action.
In step 3 of the present embodiment, the IA encoding is generated by: finding out time points of the teacher-student interaction according to the variable-duration S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B; intercepting the later section of the variable-time S-T behavior subdivision coding before the interaction between the teachers and the students according to the proportion of lambda (lambda is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1); intercepting the front segment of the variable-time S-T behavior subdivision code after interaction according to the proportion of 1-lambda; and merging the rear section of the variable-time-length S-T behavior subdivision code and the front section of the variable-time-length S-T behavior subdivision code to generate the IA code.
In step 3 of this embodiment, after the IA codes are generated, blank periods between the IA codes are all regarded as non-interactive periods, the non-interactive periods are NI codes, the NI code start time is 0s or the end time of the previous IA code, and the NI code end time is the start time of the next IA code or the end time of the whole lesson.
As shown in fig. 1, in the waveform diagram, a high "1" state therein indicates that the teacher speaks, and a low "0" state indicates that the student speaks or is silent. Within 30 seconds, the T behavior of teacher speaking appears 7 times, and the S behavior of student speaking or silent teaching activities appears 6 times, so that 13 interactions appear in the teacher-student interaction, that is, 13 upper jumps and 13 lower jumps appear in fig. 1.
As shown in FIG. 2a, a classroom teaching log is used to automatically encode the variable-duration S-T behavior to obtain an S-T behavior encoding sequence A, wherein the number represents the starting time of the behavior encoding and the unit is second. Using these coded start time values, the duration of the behavior and the teacher-student behavior state switching time can be determined;
as shown in fig. 2b, for classroom teaching with the average teaching record time of 4 seconds, the time of the 1 st T behavior and the time of the 1 st S behavior in the S-T behavior coding sequence a are both 2 seconds, and no subdivision is needed; the duration of the 2 nd T behavior is 5 seconds, the duration exceeds the average duration by 4 seconds, 2 is obtained by rounding up by 5/4, the T behavior is subdivided into two T behaviors with the same length of 2.5 seconds, and a new behavior starting moment is generated for 6.5 seconds; for the 6 th T behavior in the S-T behavior coding sequence A, the time length is 9 seconds, 3 is obtained by rounding upwards by 9/4, the T behavior is subdivided into three T behaviors with the same length of 3 seconds, and two new behavior coding starting moments are generated for 41 seconds and 44 seconds to obtain a variable-time-length S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B;
as shown in fig. 2C, the variable-duration S-T behavior subdivision code sequence B may generate a variable-duration S-T interaction code sequence C, in which the interaction state IA is digitally coded as 1 and the state NI without interaction is digitally coded as 0.
To generate the S-T interaction code sequence C shown in fig. 2C, all the up-jump and down-jump moments are found from the variable-duration S-T behavior subdivision code sequence B shown in fig. 2B, where the up-jump represents the teacher-student interaction from the S behavior to the T behavior, and the down-jump is the teacher-student interaction from the T behavior to the S behavior. As shown in fig. 2c, for the 1 st down-jump, the occurrence time is 2 seconds, the time duration of the preceding T-behavior is 2S, and the time duration of the subsequent S-behavior coding is 2 seconds, so the starting time of the IA coding generated by the 1 st down-jump is the center time 1S of the behavior coding before the jump, and the ending time is the center time 3 of the behavior coding after the jump, for the IA coding generated by the 7 th jump (4 th down-jump), the preceding behavior coding is the S-behavior with the time duration of 3S and the center time of 24.5S, and the subsequent behavior coding is the T-behavior with the time duration of 2.5S and the center time of 27.25S, so the starting time of the generated 7 th IA coding is 24.5S, the ending time is 27.25S, and the time duration is 2.75 seconds.
As shown in fig. 2C, after all IA codes in "1" state are generated, only one NI code in non-interactive "0" state is generated in each blank period on the time axis and is filled, so as to generate a sequence C of variable-duration S-T interactive codes.
As shown in fig. 2c, since the S-T interactive encoding duration is formed by splicing the second half of the previous behavior encoding and the first half of the next behavior encoding, the adjacent interactive encoding at the position where the teachers and students are dense in interaction does not overlap on the time axis.
To be more thanClearly illustrating how IA encoding and NI encoding can be performed, fig. 3a and 3b show a specific process of generating an IA encoding, wherein fig. 3a shows the i-2 to i +1 th encoding of an S-T behavior subdivision encoding sequence, and ts at the interface of the i-1 th encoding and the i-th encodingiAn interaction occurs at that moment, switching from student behavior to teacher behavior (i.e., up-jump). As shown in FIG. 3b, in order to construct an IA code, the rear lambda (0 ≦ lambda ≦ 1) part of the S behavior subdivision code F before the teacher-student interaction forms the front part of the IA code, and the front 1-lambda part of the T behavior subdivision code L after the teacher-student interaction forms the rear part of the IA code, so that the duration of the IA code is lambda Ti-1+(1-λ)tiWith a start time tsi-λti-1Ts at the end timei+(1-λ)ti. For the sake of convenience of calculation, λ is 0.5, i.e. the duration of the IA code is half of the sum of the durations of the preceding and following S-T subdivision codes F and L that generate this IA, i.e. 0.5 (T)i-1+ti) The start time and the end time are the center times of F and L, respectively, i.e., 0.5 (ts)i-1+tsi) And 0.5 (ts)i+tsi+1)。
For the ith code in the time-varying S-T behavior subdivision code sequence B, the number code is CiTs at the start timeiDuration of ti。
The invention also provides a coding system of the variable-duration S-T interactive coding, which comprises a coding sequence A generating module for generating the S-T behavior coding sequence A, a coding sequence B generating module for generating the variable-duration S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B and a coding sequence C generating module for generating the S-T interactive coding sequence C.
The invention also provides a generation algorithm of the S-T interactive coding sequence C, which comprises the following steps:
s1: inputting an S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B and a total number N of codes thereof into a coding sequence C generation module, wherein B is a data structure array, the length of the data structure array is N, B [ k ] value represents the digital code of the kth behavior subdivision code, 1 represents T code, 0 represents S code, and B [ k ] ts and B [ k ] T respectively represent the starting time and duration of the kth behavior subdivision code;
s2: calculating the condition of B [ i-1]. value & B [ i ]. value ═ 1 by using exclusive OR, finding out all teacher-student interaction positions i in the sequence B and the total number n thereof, constructing an IA set M, and setting k to be 0;
s3: firstly, finding out a position i of the kth teacher-student interaction in the sequence B by using i-M [ k ]; then using ts [ k ] ═ B [ i ]. ts-0.5B [ i-1]. t to find out the starting moment of the kth teacher-student interaction; then, using t [ k ] to be 0.5(B [ i-1]. t + B [ i ]. t), calculating the duration of the kth teacher-student interaction; finally, pointing to the next teacher-student interaction by using k +1 → k;
s4: judging whether the starting time and the duration of all the teacher-student interactions are found by using k as n, if not, returning to S3 for continuous finding; if the search is complete, jumping out of the loop;
s5: and creating a data structure array to represent an S-T interaction encoding sequence C, wherein C [ k ] value is the digital encoding of the kth S-T interaction encoding, 1 represents IA encoding with interaction, 0 represents NI encoding without interaction, and C [ k ] ts and C [ k ] T are respectively the starting time and duration of the kth S-T interaction encoding. Since the first code in the S-T interactive code sequence C is an NI code, let k be 0, j be 0, C [ j ]. value be 0, C [ j ]. ts be 0, C [ j ]. T be ts [ k ], denote that the start time of the 1 st NI code is 0S, and the duration is the start time of the 1 st teacher-student interactive IA code.
S6: judging whether the finish time C [ j ]. ts + C [ j ]. T of the just finished jth S-T interactive coding is matched with the start time ts [ k ] of the next (kth) IA coding by using ts [ k ] ═ C [ j ]. ts + C [ j ]. T, and if not, turning to S7; if so, the process goes to S8.
S7: ts [ k ] is not equal to C [ j ] ts + C [ j ] T, which means that the j +1 st S-T interactive code is NI code, the starting time is the ending time of the previous S-T interactive coding, the ending time is the starting time ts [ k ] of the next (kth) IA coding, therefore, j +1 → j represents the next S-T interactive code, C [ j ]. value ═ 0 represents that the S-T interactive code is NI code, C [ j ]. ts ═ C [ j-1]. ts + C [ j-1]. T represents that the start time of the S-T interactive code is the end time of the previous S-T interactive code, and C [ j ]. T ═ ts [ k ] -C [ j ]. ts represents that the duration of the S-T interactive code is the difference between the start time of the next (kth) IA code and the start time of the S-T interactive code. After the algorithm is completed, the step returns to S6 to continue S-T interactive coding.
S8: ts [ k ] is equal to C [ j ]. ts + C [ j ]. T, which means that the j +1 th S-T interactive code is an IA code, the start time is the start time ts [ k ] of the next (kth) IA code, and the duration is the duration T [ k ] of the kth IA code, so that j +1 → j represents the next S-T interactive code, C [ j ]. value ═ 1 represents the S-T interactive code as an IA code, C [ j ]. ts ═ ts [ k ] represents the start time ts [ k ] of the kth IA code, and C [ j ]. T ═ T [ k ]) represents the duration T [ k ] of the S-T interactive code as the duration T [ k ] of the kth IA code. And finally, k +1 → k indicates that the kth IA code is coded into the S-T interactive coding sequence C, and the kth + 1) IA code is required to be used as the next IA code to be processed.
S9: judging whether all n IA codes are coded into the sequence C by using k-n, if not, returning to S6, and continuing to carry out S-T interactive coding; if the search is complete, the loop is skipped.
S10: after all n IA codes are coded into the sequence C, it is further necessary to use an NI code whose start time is the end time ts [ k-1] + T [ k-1] of the last IA code and whose end time is a lesson total duration T to terminate, that is, j +1 → j, C [ j ]. value is 0, C [ j ]. ts ═ ts [ k-1] + T [ k-1], C [ j ]. T ═ T-C [ j ]. ts. And determining the total code number of the S-T interaction code sequence C by using n-j.
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are described in the specification and illustrated only for illustrating the principle of the present invention, but various changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the present invention as claimed without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A variable-time-length S-T interactive coding method with scale invariance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, coding teacher speaking information and student speaking information or unmanned speaking information in a classroom respectively according to teaching records in a classroom teaching log, generating an S-T behavior coding sequence A, and recording the starting time of the teacher speaking information and the student speaking information or unmanned speaking information, wherein the teacher speaking information is marked as T behavior, and the student speaking information or unmanned speaking information is marked as S behavior;
step 2, carrying out encryption subdivision sampling on the S-T behavior coding sequence A by adopting a floating sampling time length method to obtain a variable time length S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B;
and 3, according to the variable-duration S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B, sequentially detecting the interaction time and the non-interaction time of teachers and students in a classroom, respectively carrying out IA coding and NI coding, reordering and assigning the IA coding and the NI coding according to the starting time, assigning the IA coding as the interactive S-T interaction coding with interaction to be 1, assigning the NI coding as the non-interactive S-T interaction coding with interaction to be 0, simultaneously recording the starting time ts and the duration T of each interaction coding, and generating an S-T interaction coding sequence C facing the interaction of teachers and students, wherein the duration T of each interaction coding is the weight of the interaction coding, and the interaction coding comprises the IA coding and the NI coding.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 2, the floating sampling duration method takes the smaller of the average duration of the S-T behavior encoding sequence A and 30S as the floating sampling duration.
3. The method for coding S-T interaction with variable time length and unchanged scale according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in the step 2, the encrypted subdivision sampling is to subdivide the information which exceeds the average time length of the teaching record in the T behavior and the S behavior again by: and rounding the T behavior or S behavior/floating sampling duration upwards to obtain a subdivision number, and segmenting the duration of the T behavior or S behavior by using the duration/subdivision number of the T behavior or S behavior.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 3, the IA code is generated by: finding out time points of the teacher-student interaction according to the variable-duration S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B; intercepting the later section of the variable-time S-T behavior subdivision coding before the interaction between the teachers and the students according to the proportion of lambda (lambda is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1); intercepting the front segment of the variable-time S-T behavior subdivision code after interaction according to the proportion of 1-lambda; and merging the rear section of the variable-time-length S-T behavior subdivision code and the front section of the variable-time-length S-T behavior subdivision code to generate the IA code.
5. The method of variable-duration S-T interactive encoding with scale invariance according to claim 4, wherein in step 3, after the IA codes are generated, the blank periods between the IA codes are all regarded as non-interactive periods, and the non-interactive periods are NI codes.
6. The coding system of the variable-duration S-T interactive coding according to claim 1, comprising a coding sequence A generating module for generating an S-T behavior coding sequence A, a coding sequence B generating module for generating a variable-duration S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B, and a coding sequence C generating module for generating an S-T interaction coding sequence C.
7. An algorithm for generating the S-T interaction code sequence C as claimed in claim 6, comprising:
s1: inputting the variable-duration S-T behavior subdivision coding sequence B into a coding sequence C generation module;
s2: finding out all teacher and student interaction moments according to the subdivision coding sequence B and forming an interaction set;
s3: the coding sequence C generation module realizes the function of S-T interactive coding according to the interactive set;
s4: and outputting the S-T interaction coding sequence C.
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