CN110631493B - A kind of detection device and detection method of bearing mechanical clearance - Google Patents
A kind of detection device and detection method of bearing mechanical clearance Download PDFInfo
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- CN110631493B CN110631493B CN201910836936.0A CN201910836936A CN110631493B CN 110631493 B CN110631493 B CN 110631493B CN 201910836936 A CN201910836936 A CN 201910836936A CN 110631493 B CN110631493 B CN 110631493B
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008358 core component Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/14—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring distance or clearance between spaced objects or spaced apertures
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种检测检装置，特别涉及一种轴承机械间隙的检测装置及其检测方法，包括固定基座，固定基座上设有用于夹持轴承外圈的夹持机构，轴承内圈内设有用于对轴承内圈施加径向压力的压力传感器，压力传感器上具有与轴承内圈接触的点型压力块，压力传感器上连接有驱动其沿轴承径向移动的驱动机构，固定基座在轴承上方设有用于检测轴承内圈的视觉图像传感器和用于检测轴承内外圈间隙的二维激光位移传感器，本发明采用视觉图像传感器和二维激光位移传感器定位检测内圈移动距离来测量径向间隙，效率高，测量精确。
The invention relates to a detection and detection device, in particular to a detection device and a detection method for the mechanical clearance of a bearing. There is a pressure sensor for applying radial pressure to the inner ring of the bearing. The pressure sensor has a point pressure block that contacts the inner ring of the bearing. The pressure sensor is connected with a driving mechanism that drives it to move along the radial direction of the bearing. A visual image sensor for detecting the inner ring of the bearing and a two-dimensional laser displacement sensor for detecting the clearance between the inner and outer rings of the bearing are arranged above the bearing. The present invention uses the visual image sensor and the two-dimensional laser displacement sensor to locate and detect the moving distance of the inner ring to measure the radial direction Clearance, high efficiency, accurate measurement.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to bearing assemblies, and particularly to a bearing assembly for detecting a mechanical clearance of a bearing assembly.
Background
In the large industrial 4.0 environment, bearings have been widely used in aerospace, precision machining, automobile manufacturing, and other industries. The bearing is used as a core component, the requirement on the assembly precision among the outer ring, the balls, the inner ring and the retainer is high, and the high-precision detection work is required after the assembly of the inner ring, the outer ring, the balls and the retainer is completed. At present, after the bearing is assembled, mechanical gaps among an inner ring, a ball and an outer ring are detected, and the stability of matching among the inner parts of the bearing is mainly judged by detecting the vibration amplitude of the bearing in the operation process. More detection methods are by using simple detection tools such as micrometers. The detection method of the vibration meter can detect the assembly precision of the bearing, but the efficiency is not high, and the precision of measuring the clearance of the bearing by adopting a manual detection method is lower and the efficiency is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a high-efficiency detection device and a detection method for a mechanical clearance of a bearing, aiming at solving the problem of low detection efficiency of bearing assembly precision in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
the utility model provides a detection apparatus for bearing machine clearance, includes fixed baseplate, fixed baseplate on be equipped with the fixture who is used for centre gripping bearing inner race, bearing inner race in be equipped with the pressure sensor who is used for applying radial pressure to the bearing inner race, pressure sensor is last have with the point type pressure piece of bearing inner race contact, pressure sensor on be connected with its actuating mechanism along bearing radial movement of drive, fixed baseplate be equipped with the two-dimensional laser displacement sensor who is used for detecting the visual image sensor of bearing inner race and is used for detecting the bearing inner race clearance above the bearing.
Furthermore, the clamping mechanism comprises V-shaped clamping cylinders arranged on two sides of the bearing outer ring.
Further, the driving mechanism comprises an XY moving module.
Furthermore, the XY moving module comprises a Y-axis stepping motor which is fixedly arranged, the Y-axis stepping motor is connected with a first screw, the first screw is matched with a first sliding block, the first sliding block is fixedly provided with an X-axis stepping motor, the X-axis stepping motor is connected with a second screw, the second screw is matched with a second sliding block, and the pressure sensor is fixedly arranged on the second sliding block.
Furthermore, the moving direction of the piston rod of the V-shaped clamping cylinder is parallel to the X direction or the Y direction of the XY moving module.
A detection method of the detection device for the mechanical clearance of the bearing comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, placing an assembled bearing at a position to be detected, clamping a workpiece by a V-shaped clamping cylinder when a proximity switch detects that the workpiece exists, and connecting an XY moving module to drive a pressure sensor to move to abut against an inner ring of the bearing;
step 2: simultaneously starting a visual image sensor and a two-dimensional laser displacement sensor to carry out first shooting and laser ranging, taking an outer ring as a reference to measure whether the inner ring and the outer ring are concentric or not, enabling a pressure sensor to abut against the inner ring with a certain pressure through an XY moving module, and carrying out second shooting and laser ranging when the pressure measured by the pressure sensor is gradually increased to a rated test pressure;
and step 3: and uploading a picture shot by the visual image sensor and the distance measured by the two-dimensional laser displacement sensor to an upper computer for comparison with a database, observing whether the picture is in a corresponding interval, indicating that the bearing clearance of the bearing meets the requirement if the picture is in the corresponding interval, and performing re-equipment or machining if the picture is not in the range.
Further, in step 2, the laser ranging is implemented in the following manner: the method comprises the steps that a visual image sensor scans the inner ring of a bearing workpiece in a visual range in real time, an outer circle radial line parallel to a point type pressure block is obtained through visual image processing, the point type pressure block is moved to be overlapped with the outer circle radial line, and the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring in the current state recorded by a two-dimensional laser displacement sensor is read along the outer circle radial line direction;
and under the free state that the pressure sensor withdraws and the inner ring has no pressure, detecting the size of the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring along the radial line of the outer circle by the two-dimensional laser displacement sensor, and calculating the difference of the bearing gap measured twice as the numerical value of the bearing gap of the inner ring.
Has the advantages that: the radial clearance is measured by positioning and detecting the moving distance of the inner ring by adopting a visual image sensor and a two-dimensional laser displacement sensor, so that the efficiency is high and the measurement is accurate; an image sensor is utilized to determine an axis of the outer ring parallel to the force direction of the pressure point, and the automatic moving point type pressure block is overlapped with the axis, so that the accuracy of the position of the pressure point is ensured.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a first perspective view of a bearing clearance detecting apparatus of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a second perspective view of the detecting device for detecting mechanical clearance of a bearing of the present invention.
The device comprises a fixing base 1, a V-shaped clamping cylinder 2, a pressure sensor 3, a Y-axis stepping motor 4, an X-axis stepping motor 5, a visual image sensor 6 and a two-dimensional laser displacement sensor 7.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1-2, a detection device for mechanical clearance of a bearing comprises a fixed base 1, wherein a clamping mechanism for clamping an outer ring of the bearing is arranged on the fixed base 1, a pressure sensor 3 for applying radial pressure to the inner ring of the bearing is arranged in the inner ring of the bearing, a point-type pressure block in contact with the inner ring of the bearing is arranged on the pressure sensor 3, a driving mechanism for driving the pressure sensor 3 to move along the radial direction of the bearing is connected onto the pressure sensor, and a visual image sensor 6 for detecting the inner ring of the bearing and a two-dimensional laser displacement sensor 7 for detecting the clearance between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are arranged above the.
The clamping mechanism comprises V-shaped clamping cylinders 2 arranged on two sides of the bearing outer ring.
Actuating mechanism includes XY removal module, and XY removal module is including the fixed Y axle step motor 4 that sets up, connects first screw rod on the Y axle step motor 4, and the cooperation has first slider on the first screw rod, and fixed X axle step motor 5 on the first slider is connected with the second screw rod on the X axle step motor 5, and the cooperation has the second slider on the second screw rod, and pressure sensor 3 fixes on the second slider.
The moving direction of the piston rod of the V-shaped clamping cylinder 2 is parallel to the X direction or the Y direction of the XY moving module.
A detection method of the detection device for the mechanical clearance of the bearing comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, placing an assembled bearing at a position to be detected, clamping a workpiece by a V-shaped clamping cylinder 2 when a proximity switch detects that the workpiece exists, and connecting an XY moving module to drive a pressure sensor 3 to move to abut against an inner ring of the bearing;
step 2: simultaneously starting a visual image sensor 6 and a two-dimensional laser displacement sensor 7 to carry out primary shooting and laser ranging, measuring whether the inner ring and the outer ring are concentric or not by taking the outer ring as a reference, enabling a pressure sensor 3 to abut against the inner ring with a certain pressure by an XY moving module, and carrying out secondary shooting and laser ranging when the pressure measured by the pressure sensor 3 is gradually increased to a rated test pressure;
and step 3: and uploading the picture shot by the visual image sensor 6 and the distance measured by the two-dimensional laser displacement sensor 7 to an upper computer for comparison with a database, observing whether the picture is in a corresponding interval, indicating that the bearing clearance of the bearing meets the requirement if the picture is in the corresponding interval, and performing re-equipment or machining if the picture is not in the range.
Specifically, in step 2, the laser ranging is implemented in the following manner: the visual image sensor 6 scans the inner ring of the bearing workpiece in a visual range in real time, an outer circle radial line parallel to the point type pressure block is obtained through visual image processing, the point type pressure block is moved to be overlapped with the outer circle radial line, and the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring in the current state recorded by the two-dimensional laser displacement sensor 7 is read along the outer circle radial line direction;
and under the free state that the pressure sensor 3 withdraws and the inner ring has no pressure, detecting the size of the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring along the radial line of the outer ring through the two-dimensional laser displacement sensor 7, and calculating the difference of the bearing gap measured twice as the numerical value of the bearing gap of the inner ring.
The database in the upper computer stores the range of the bearing clearance value under the rated pressure and the range of the graph areas of the inner ring and the outer ring, and the measured data is compared with the data in the database to check whether the measured data meets the requirements or not.
It should be understood that the above-described specific embodiments are merely illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Obvious variations or modifications which are within the spirit of the invention are possible within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. The detection device for the mechanical clearance of the bearing is characterized by comprising a fixed base (1), wherein a clamping mechanism used for clamping an outer ring of the bearing is arranged on the fixed base (1), a pressure sensor (3) used for applying radial pressure to the inner ring of the bearing is arranged in the inner ring of the bearing, a point-type pressure block in contact with the inner ring of the bearing is arranged on the pressure sensor (3), a driving mechanism used for driving the pressure sensor (3) to move along the radial direction of the bearing is connected onto the pressure sensor, the driving mechanism comprises an XY moving module, a visual image sensor (6) used for detecting the inner ring of the bearing and a two-dimensional laser displacement sensor (7) used for detecting the clearance between the inner ring and the outer ring of the bearing are arranged above the bearing on the fixed base (1), and the detection device comprises the following steps:
step 1: firstly, placing an assembled bearing at a position to be detected, clamping the bearing by a clamping mechanism when a proximity switch detects that the bearing exists, and driving a pressure sensor (3) to move by an XY moving module to abut against an inner ring of the bearing;
step 2: simultaneously starting a visual image sensor (6) and a two-dimensional laser displacement sensor (7) to carry out primary shooting and laser ranging, taking an outer ring as a reference, measuring whether the inner ring and the outer ring are concentric or not, enabling a pressure sensor (3) to abut against the inner ring with a certain pressure by an XY moving module, and carrying out secondary shooting and laser ranging when the pressure measured by the pressure sensor (3) is gradually increased to a rated test pressure; the laser ranging is realized in the following mode: the visual image sensor (6) scans the inner ring of the bearing in a visual range in real time, an outer circle radial line parallel to the point type pressure block is obtained through visual image processing, the point type pressure block is moved to be overlapped with the outer circle radial line, and the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring in the current state recorded by the two-dimensional laser displacement sensor (7) is read along the direction of the outer circle radial line;
under the free state that the pressure sensor (3) withdraws and the inner ring has no pressure, the size of the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring is detected by the two-dimensional laser displacement sensor (7) along the radial line of the outer circle which is superposed with the point-type pressure block, and the difference of the bearing gap measured twice is calculated to be the numerical value of the bearing gap of the inner ring;
and step 3: and uploading the picture shot by the visual image sensor (6) and the distance measured by the two-dimensional laser displacement sensor (7) to an upper computer to be compared with a database, observing whether the distance is in a corresponding interval, if the distance is in the corresponding interval, indicating that the bearing clearance of the bearing meets the requirement, and if the distance is not in the interval, carrying out equipment or processing again.
2. The detecting device for detecting the mechanical clearance of the bearing according to claim 1, wherein: the clamping mechanism comprises V-shaped clamping cylinders (2) arranged on two sides of the outer ring of the bearing.
3. The detecting device for detecting the mechanical clearance of the bearing according to claim 1, wherein: the XY moves the module including fixed Y axle step motor (4) that sets up, Y axle step motor (4) on connect first screw rod, first screw rod on the cooperation have first slider, fixed X axle step motor (5) on the first slider, X axle step motor (5) on be connected with the second screw rod, the second screw rod on the cooperation have the second slider, pressure sensor (3) fix on the second slider.
4. The detecting device for detecting the mechanical clearance of the bearing according to claim 2, wherein: the moving direction of the piston rod of the V-shaped clamping cylinder (2) is parallel to the X direction or the Y direction of the XY moving module.
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| CN201910836936.0A CN110631493B (en) | 2019-09-05 | 2019-09-05 | A kind of detection device and detection method of bearing mechanical clearance |
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| ES2981348T3 (en) * | 2020-10-27 | 2024-10-08 | Vestas Wind Sys As | Method for determining radial clearance in a bearing arrangement |
| CN113776832B (en) * | 2021-11-10 | 2022-04-08 | 辽博信息科技(山东)有限公司 | Testing device and method for testing bearing |
| CN114877788B (en) * | 2022-06-10 | 2023-08-29 | 中国航天标准化研究所 | Device and method for detecting radial gap of space bearing |
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