CN110630680B - Damper and bearing enclosure structure with same - Google Patents
Damper and bearing enclosure structure with same Download PDFInfo
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- CN110630680B CN110630680B CN201810684760.7A CN201810684760A CN110630680B CN 110630680 B CN110630680 B CN 110630680B CN 201810684760 A CN201810684760 A CN 201810684760A CN 110630680 B CN110630680 B CN 110630680B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
- F16F15/0232—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means with at least one gas spring
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/023—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means
- F16F15/027—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using fluid means comprising control arrangements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
- F16F15/00—Suppression of vibrations in systems; Means or arrangements for avoiding or reducing out-of-balance forces, e.g. due to motion
- F16F15/02—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems
- F16F15/04—Suppression of vibrations of non-rotating, e.g. reciprocating systems; Suppression of vibrations of rotating systems by use of members not moving with the rotating systems using elastic means
Abstract
The invention provides a damper and a bearing building envelope with the damper. The attenuator holds the casing of chamber and is located the vibration energy dissipation unit in the casing including forming, it includes stock solution chamber and the quality body motion chamber that is located stock solution chamber upper portion to hold the chamber, energy dissipation unit is including holding in damping fluid in the stock solution chamber and being located the quality body in the quality body motion chamber, the quality body floats on the liquid level of damping fluid. And a plurality of tooth-shaped protrusions are formed at the lower part of the mass body, and the tooth-shaped protrusions are irregularly arranged and used for breaking waves formed in the damping fluid due to vibration to be dispersed in different directions. The damper can effectively restrain the vibration of the bearing maintenance structure.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of vibration suppression of a bearing enclosure structure, in particular to a damper for suppressing vibration of the bearing enclosure structure and the bearing enclosure structure with the damper.
Background
A wind turbine generator system is an energy conversion device for converting wind energy into electrical energy. Generally, a wind power plant includes a load-bearing maintenance structure (e.g., a tower), a nacelle disposed on the tower, a generator mounted in or outside the nacelle, a wind turbine mounted on the head of the nacelle in the direction of the wind, and so forth. For convenience in processing and transportation, the tower is usually manufactured in segments and transported to an installation site, the multiple tower segments are sequentially hoisted and fixedly connected at the installation site to form a supporting base for the nacelle and the generator components, the tower is connected to a yaw system at the top of the tower, the nacelle is in butt joint with the generator, and the generator or the gearbox is in butt joint with the wind turbine and is connected.
These installation processes are all developed under the condition that local wind is not measurable in the small regional environment of the wind farm. During the hoisting installation process, gusts of variable sizes or continuous small winds can be encountered. When wind blows through the tower, the left side and the right side of the wake flow generate antisymmetric vortexes which are paired, alternately arranged and opposite in rotation direction, namely Karman vortexes. The vortex is separated from the tower drum at a certain frequency, so that the tower drum generates transverse vibration perpendicular to the wind direction. When the vortex shedding frequency is close to the natural frequency of the tower, the tower is easy to resonate and is damaged.
FIG. 1A shows an example of a tower swaying under the influence of an incoming wind flow. As shown in FIG. 1A, when the wind speed is within a predetermined range, vortex-induced vibrations of tower 10 may be induced, causing both downwind (F1) and crosswind (F3, F2) vibrations of tower 10.
In the installation process of the wind generating set, the on-site hoisting progress and the installation period are obviously limited by the wind conditions of local areas. Especially, under the condition that the tower barrel is arranged on a plurality of tower barrel sections at the upper end, the vibration amplitude of the tower barrel is increased, the butt joint of the tower barrel and the yaw device, the butt joint of the tower barrel and the engine room, and the butt joint of the engine room and the impeller are difficult, and the safe and accurate connection cannot be realized.
In the operation process of the wind generating set, the tower barrel shaking can also damage and hidden troubles to the tower barrel and a tower barrel foundation connecting piece. During the operation of the wind generating set, the tower is subjected to loads, in addition to gravity generated by top parts and components and dynamic loads generated by rotation of the wind wheel, also subjected to natural wind. The vortex street phenomenon that occurs when wind flows around the surface of a tower can cause the tower to vibrate in a transverse direction, which can cause resonance damage. Wind blows and can produce alternating bending moment and alternating effort to the tower section of thick bamboo when the impeller is rotatory, and this kind of bending moment and power that produce by the downwind direction can become the main reason that the tower section of thick bamboo takes place to destroy, can cause the tower section of thick bamboo fracture and take place to topple when serious.
As shown in FIG. 1B, the prior art uses a helical wire disposed around the tower to inhibit the periodic shedding of vortices from the surface of the tower 10. The helix 20 has different cross-wind oscillation suppression effects when arranged at different pitches. The increase of the height of the spiral line 20 is beneficial to destroying the periodicity of the vortex street distribution, so that the vortex street phenomenon can not be generated or the vortex street distribution is more irregular, the relevance and consistency of the vortex street distribution are broken, and the vortex-induced vibration is favorably inhibited.
However, the way of winding or fixing the helix on the tower is only used in the hoisting phase, and the characteristic parameters (pitch, height) of the helix are not optimized yet, and it is difficult to adapt to the change of wind speed. The spiral line is suitable for long-term operation, and the manufacturing cost and the maintenance cost of the spiral line are greatly increased.
In addition, the coverage rate of the spiral line on the surface of the tower barrel can also influence the effect of inhibiting the transverse oscillation, when the coverage rate reaches (or exceeds) 50%, the effect of inhibiting the transverse oscillation reaches the best, and simultaneously, the wind-induced noise of the spiral line and the air flow is increased, so that the wind-induced noise seriously influences natural environment organisms, particularly interferes animals and birds, and damages the ecological environment.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide a device for suppressing vibration, which does not affect the appearance of the tower, does not increase the wind resistance of the tower, does not generate noise to the external environment of the tower, can be disassembled after hoisting and recycled, can be fixed inside the tower, and is used in the operation process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a damper and a bearing enclosure structure with the damper, which are used for improving the safety, structural stability and hoisting efficiency in limited hoisting time and shortening the waste caused by delaying the construction period of a wind power plant to delay the grid-connected power generation of a wind turbine generator at any time due to wind uncertainty; the stability of the whole structure is improved, and the excessive fatigue and damage to the whole machine and parts caused by the fluid-solid coupling induced vibration of the unit in the natural environment in the running and stopping processes are inhibited.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a damper, including a housing forming a receiving chamber and a vibration energy dissipating unit located in the housing, the receiving chamber including a liquid storage chamber located at a lower portion and a mass body moving chamber located at an upper portion, the vibration energy dissipating unit including a damping liquid received in the liquid storage chamber and a mass body located in the mass body moving chamber, the mass body floating on a liquid surface of the damping liquid, a plurality of tooth-shaped protrusions formed at a lower portion of the mass body for breaking waves formed in the damping liquid due to vibration to be dispersed in different directions.
According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a load bearing enclosure having a damper as described above mounted therein.
According to one aspect of the invention, the bearing and maintenance structure is a tower of a wind generating set, and the damper is fixed on the inner wall of the tower of the wind generating set.
According to the technical scheme, the problem that the tower drum foundation connecting piece is damaged and hidden danger is caused by shaking of the tower drum bearing structure in the hoisting process can be solved, and the risk that the tower drum overturns in the operation process of the wind generating set can be reduced. Therefore, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the construction time can be shortened, the reliability of the wind generating set in the operation process can be improved, and the wind power plant investor and the constructor can benefit.
Drawings
The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1A shows an example of a tower swaying under the influence of an incoming wind;
FIG. 1B is a schematic view illustrating a prior art method of winding a helical cord or providing helical fins on a tower;
fig. 2 is a perspective view of a damper according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top plan view of a damper according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a mass body in the damper according to the first embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a damper according to a first embodiment of the present invention disposed in a load bearing enclosure;
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a damper according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a top plan view of a damper according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a damper according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top plan view of a damper according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
figure 10 is a schematic perspective view of a vibration energy dissipating unit in a damper according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a tower having a damper according to a third embodiment of the present invention disposed therein.
Reference numerals:
10: carrying the enclosure structure; 1000. 2000, 3000: a damper; 100. 350: a housing;
200. 320, and (3) respectively: a vibration energy dissipation unit; 110: a liquid storage cavity; 120: a mass motion cavity;
210: damping fluid; 220: a mass body; 221: breaking the plow harrow by waves; 222: a throttle bore;
230: a damping coefficient adjusting unit; 231: a gas pressure adjusting unit;
240: a cavity partition plate; 310: a vibration energy buffering and transferring unit; 311: a cylinder body;
312: a piston; 313: a communicating pipe; 320: a vibration energy dissipation unit;
321: a spoiler; 351: an outer cylinder wall; 352: an inner cylinder wall; 340: and a rolling body.
Detailed Description
In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, prevent the vortex street phenomenon on a bearing enclosure structure such as a tower drum and the like, prevent the vortex-induced response of the tower drum from being too large and inhibit the vibration of the tower drum, the invention provides a protection system for a wind generating set. Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 2-4 show a damper according to a first embodiment of the invention, and fig. 5 shows a damper according to a first embodiment of the invention arranged in a tower.
According to the first embodiment of the present invention, the damper 1000 includes a housing 100 forming a housing cavity and a vibration energy dissipation unit 200 located within the housing 100.
The housing 100 forms a receiving chamber including a reservoir 110 and a mass moving chamber 120 located at an upper portion of the reservoir 110. The energy dissipation unit 200 includes a damping fluid 210 contained in a reservoir 110 and a mass 220 located in a mass motion chamber 120. The mass body 220 floats on the liquid surface of the damping liquid 210.
The damper 1000 according to the first embodiment of the present invention may be installed in the load-bearing enclosure 10 (e.g., a tower of a wind turbine generator system, a television tower of a high-rise building, a communication tower, a strut of a bridge) for avoiding over-speed or over-amplitude vibrations of the load-bearing enclosure 10 in a predetermined wind speed range. When the bearing enclosure structure 10 vibrates, the kinetic energy carried by the vibration or the momentum carried by the vibration is transferred to the damper 1000 according to the first embodiment of the invention, the damper 1000 generates corresponding downwind vibration along with the downwind vibration of the enclosure structure tower drum, so that the damping liquid 210 vibrates and fluctuates in the cavity, the mass body 220 in the damping liquid 210 is acted by the liquid, the kinetic energy obtained by the liquid transfer is converted into energy in other forms such as gravitational potential energy, heat energy and the like along with the up-and-down motion of the wave, and the energy is used as a damping role, thereby the vibration kinetic energy of the enclosure structure tower drum is consumed, the vibration and vibration damping effects on the enclosure structure tower drum are realized, the energy carried by the downwind vibration of the enclosure structure is transferred to the damping liquid and transferred to the mass body by the damping liquid, and is converted into the motion in the vertical direction and the energy carried in the vertical direction of the, and dissipated during vertical motion, where the energy carried by the vibrations is transferred and dissipated in an orthogonal (or nearly orthogonal) direction.
In order to dissipate the kinetic energy gained by the damping liquid and the mass more efficiently, the lower part of the mass body 220 is provided with a wave-breaking plow harrow 221. The wave breaker plow 221 is a plurality of irregular, toothed projections formed on the lower surface of the mass 220. A plurality of tooth-shaped protrusions formed at the lower part of the mass body 220 are arranged in a row or in a staggered row; the height of the bulges can be consistent or alternatively fluctuated, and mutually communicated grooves or grooves are arranged among the bulges; the projections may be formed with sharp points or sharp edges. Preferably, the surface of the mass body 220 is made of corrosion-resistant material or is made of corrosion-resistant material, and the convex surface is provided with a corrosion-resistant layer.
The dentations on the mass body 220 are arranged in an irregular way in a crossed way, and are used for generating surface forces (acting force applied by solid surface contact received by fluid) in all directions on the damping liquid by virtue of the sharp dentations when the kinetic energy or momentum carried by the orderly damping liquid and the damping liquid are always contacted with the lower surface of the mass body (the damping liquid submerges the lower surface of the mass body) and interact with each other, and decomposing the fluid contacted with the protrusions into the kinetic energy or momentum of the disordered small mass body with components in all directions of the countless small masses and the flowing direction. Specifically, when the damping fluid 210 oscillates due to vibration, the oscillating fluid impacts on the tooth-shaped protrusions of the mass body 220, collides with the tooth-shaped protrusions, and is decomposed into small waves in multiple directions. By decomposing the large waves into anisotropic small waves and the criss-cross grooves between the protrusions on the lower surface of the mass body 220, the large kinetic energy or the large momentum carried by the liquid in one direction is decomposed into small kinetic energy or small momentum in different directions, and then the small kinetic energy or the small momentum in different directions collide, weaken or offset with each other, so that the total kinetic energy obtained and carried by the liquid with coordinated directionality is reduced in numerical value, the vector sum of the partial momentum of the liquid after being shunted by the protrusions and the grooves is greatly reduced, the shunted flow in different directions and the surface force in the vertical direction and the surface force action of 360 degrees in the horizontal direction are generated on the liquid contacting the protrusions, the vibration energy transmitted by the enclosure structure is consumed in the mode of decomposing the liquid and shunting) the liquid momentum, and the vibration of the load-bearing enclosure structure 10 is prevented from exceeding a preset amplitude.
As shown in fig. 3, the damper 1000 may have a cylindrical shape, the mass body moving chamber 120 may be provided in plurality in the circumferential direction, and the corresponding mass body 220 is provided in each mass body moving chamber 120. The plurality of mass moving chambers 120 may be partitioned by a chamber partition 240. The chamber partition 240 is disposed along the height direction of the damper 1000 so that the mass body 220 moves in a vertical direction. The height of the chamber partition 240 is not strictly limited as long as it can provide a limiting and up-and-down movement guiding function for the mass body 220. Preferably, the damping fluid at the lower portion of the plurality of mass bodies 220 is communicated with each other.
The mass body moving chamber 120 and the mass body 220 may be shaped to have a fan-shaped cross section, and the number may be an even number. The fan shape may be a pointed fan shape or a blunt fan shape (i.e., a fan-ring shape). As a preferred embodiment, in the example shown in the drawings, the mass body moving chamber 120 and the mass body 220 are shown in the shape of a blunt fan. In this case, the receiving chamber formed by the housing 100 may be an annular cylindrical structure. The housing 100 may be composed of an outer cylindrical wall, an inner cylindrical wall, a top wall, and a bottom wall.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, when the damping fluid oscillates, the mass body 220 moves up and down along with the waves, thereby converting the vibration energy into frictional heat energy to be dissipated. In addition, when the liquid level of the liquid in one side or one direction in the cavity rises and the liquid level in the other side or one direction passing through the circle center of the horizontal circular section falls, the kinetic energy in the horizontal direction is converted into the kinetic energy in the vertical direction. Along with the rise and the fall of the liquid level, the mass body 220 moves up and down, so that the mass body 220 carrying kinetic energy or momentum movement turns (converts into a vertical direction) and dissipates vibration energy in various damping energy consumption modes of friction between the mass body 220 and liquid, friction between the mass body 220 and a vertical wall surface of a cavity and friction between the liquid and the wall surface of the cavity in the upward and downward movement processes, and meanwhile, the moving liquid does work and consumes power in the upward movement process of the mass body 220, so that the amplitude and the frequency of the downwind direction and transverse vibration process of the bearing maintenance structure are reduced.
As shown in fig. 2, the damper 1000 according to the first embodiment of the present invention may further include a damping coefficient adjusting unit 230 for adjusting a damping coefficient of the vibrational kinetic energy dissipation unit 200. The damping coefficient adjustment unit 230 may be disposed at an upper portion of the mass body 220 to apply a downward force to the mass body 220 when the mass body 220 moves upward and to apply an upward force to the mass body when the mass body moves downward.
In the first embodiment according to the present invention, the damping coefficient adjustment unit 230 may be an elastic member whose rigidity is adjustable, for example, a spring member whose rigidity is adjustable. The damping coefficient adjustment unit 230 is disposed at an upper portion of the mass body 220, and applies an elastic force to the mass body 220. Specifically, the elastic member may be disposed between the upper surface of the mass body 220 and the top wall of the case 100.
The damping coefficient of the damper 1000 is adjusted by adjusting the elastic coefficient of the elastic member, so that the damper 1000 is suitable for different load-bearing enclosures, or the damping coefficient of the damper 1000 is adjusted according to the vibration parameters of the load-bearing enclosures, for example, the damping coefficient is adjusted according to the external wind speed and/or the lateral vibration amplitude of the tower.
As shown in fig. 2, a throttle through hole 222 may also be formed in the mass body 220. The orifice 222 penetrates the mass body 220 in the height direction. A portion of the damping fluid 210 may move along the orifice 222 from the lower portion of the mass body 220 to the upper portion of the mass body 220 and then flow along the outer surface of the mass body 220 or another provided fluid passage into the reservoir 110, thereby adjusting the vibration amplitude of the mass body 220 to function as a differential controller. More specifically, the gas at the upper part of the mass body 220 is communicated with the liquid at the lower part through the throttling through hole 222, the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the mass body 220 is adjusted, the rapid movement of the mass body 220 is inhibited, and the phenomenon that the vibration amplitude of the upper part and the lower part of the mass body 220 exceeds the limit, impacts the top of the chamber and is out of control is avoided. On each mass body 220, a plurality of throttle through holes 222 may be provided, distributed at different positions.
The throttling through hole 222 may be a uniform cross-section through hole or a variable cross-section through hole, and may be a circular through hole or a polygonal through hole. The throttle through-hole 222 may be formed by forming a through-hole in the mass body 222 and then inserting a hollow cylinder into the through-hole. Preferably, the lower end of the throttling through hole 222 extends into the damping fluid 210 to a predetermined depth, so that the lower end inlet is ensured to be communicated with the fluid, and the upper end of the throttling through hole 222 is higher than the upper surface of the mass body 220 by a predetermined height, so that the fluid on the upper surface of the mass body 220 is prevented from flowing back into the throttling through hole 222 to block the throttling through hole 222.
According to the damper 1000 provided by the embodiment of the invention, the vibration reduction function of the bearing enclosure structure is realized by disordering the ordered vibration energy. The dissipated vibration energy is finally converted into other forms of energy such as heat energy. Accordingly, a heat dissipation structure, such as a heat dissipation fin or an external heat sink, may be further provided on the housing 100. In order to dissipate heat quickly, a heat dissipation fan can be arranged to accelerate the air convection coefficient of the surface of the heat dissipation structure. When the outer wall of the housing 100 is utilized to be fixedly installed with the bearing envelope, the heat dissipation structure may be disposed on the inner cylinder wall of the damper 1000.
In addition, in order to avoid the damping fluid 210 becoming sticky or even freezing in case of low temperature in winter, which may cause the failure of the damping function of the damper 1000, a heater, a temperature sensor, etc. (not shown) may be further disposed in the reservoir chamber 110. When the temperature in the damping fluid 210 is below a predetermined temperature, the heater is activated.
As shown in fig. 5, the damper 1000 according to the first embodiment of the present invention may be installed on an inner wall of the tower 10 of the wind turbine generator system, and may be fixedly connected to the tower 10 through an outer wall of the damper 1000. When tower 10 vibrates due to the action of the air flow, the vibration is transferred to damper 1000 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The vibration energy is absorbed by the vibration of the damping fluid 210, the mass body 220 and the elastic member, and the vibration energy is dissipated.
Fig. 6 shows a perspective view of a damper according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 7 shows a top view of a damper 2000 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The damper 2000 according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes a case 100 and a vibrational kinetic energy dissipation unit 200. The structure of the damper 2000 according to the second embodiment of the present invention is substantially the same as the structure of the damper 1000 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, except for the structure of the damping coefficient adjustment unit 230. Therefore, only the structure of the damping coefficient adjustment unit 230 will be described in detail below.
According to the second embodiment of the present invention, the damping coefficient of the damper 2000 is adjusted by filling the gas in the upper space of the mass body 220 and adjusting the pressure of the gas. In case of satisfying the sealing requirement, the gas may be directly charged into the upper space of the mass body 220. Further, it is also possible to provide a flexible air bag in the upper space of the mass body 220, provide an air inlet and an air outlet on the flexible air bag, and control the pressure inside the flexible air bag by the gas pressure adjusting unit 231.
Therefore, according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the damping coefficient adjustment unit 230 further includes a gas pressure adjustment unit 231, for example, including a gas compressor and a controller thereof, a pressure measurement sensor, an intake valve, an exhaust valve, etc., and the gas pressure adjustment unit 231 adjusts the damping coefficient of the damper 2000 by changing the pressure of the gas filled in the upper space of the mass body 220 according to the wind speed, the tower vibration acceleration, the tower sway amplitude parameter, etc.
The gas in the space above the mass 220 is fluid damping and the liquid below the mass 220 is also fluid damping, i.e. damping is generated by the fluid medium when the mass 220 moves in gas or liquid. The fluid damping force is always in the opposite direction to the moving speed of the mass body 220. When the gas pressure is small, the downward resistance generated in the later stage of the upward movement of the mass body 220 and the damping liquid by the gas is small, the stopping action is slow, the gas space is easily compressed in a short time, the gas absorbs the kinetic energy (ordered energy and high-quality energy) of the mass body 220 and the damping liquid moving upwards in the rapid compression process, the gas converts the compression function quantity received by the gas in the compression process into the disordered energy (heat energy and low-quality energy) of the gas, the mass body 220 and the damping liquid obtain the larger mechanical energy of the transferred upward movement and simultaneously change the faster and the smaller the downward resistance received by the mass body and the damping liquid, the faster the mass and damping fluid achieve relative speeds, the resulting fluid damping force is always opposite to the fluid motion speed, the magnitude is always proportional to the square of the velocity, as is the liquid friction damping of the mass 220 and the damping liquid, and the mass 220 and the chamber walls. And the effect of the gas pressure on the damping mass and the liquid up to the top is: preventing the mass from impacting the top of the housing; the magnitude of the gas pressure has an accelerating return effect on the downward return movement of the mass body 220 and the liquid, and the larger the gas pressure is, the faster the return starting stage is, and the assisting effect on the return of the mass body 220 and the damping liquid is realized. After the obtained information is processed by the controller, the pressure sensor takes the measures of adjusting the pressure to the gas: the up-and-down movement speed of the liquid and the mass body 220 is accelerated, and the conversion and dissipation rate are accelerated, so that the damper 2000 can correspondingly control the gas pressure in the chamber or the air bag according to the vibration state (the magnitude or the magnitude of the vibration acceleration and the vibration displacement value) of the enclosure structure in a self-adaptive manner to accelerate the dissipation rate of energy and inhibit the vibration acceleration and the vibration displacement of the enclosure structure.
In the damper 2000 according to the second embodiment of the present invention, the gas may be pressurized and charged into the mass moving cavity 120, and the gas may be used as an energy storage element to form a damping and energy dissipation structure in conjunction with the movement of the mass 220.
In the second embodiment according to the present invention, a throttle through hole 222 may also be provided at the mass body 220. The amplitude of the reciprocating vibration of the mass body 220 is suppressed by the orifice 222 acting as a differential controller.
Likewise, the damper 2000 according to the second embodiment of the present invention may be mounted on the load-bearing enclosure, for example, on the inner wall of the tower of the wind turbine, absorbing and dissipating the vibrational kinetic energy of the tower. In the hoisting process of the wind generating set, if the hoisting of the tower drum is finished and the installation condition of the engine room is not met, the tower drum can be protected. In addition, the damping coefficient of the damper can be adaptively adjusted according to the change of the field wind direction and the change of the wind force during the hoisting process or the operation process of the wind generating set, so that the damping performance is optimal.
Fig. 8 to 11 show a damper according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Damper 3000 according to the third embodiment of the present invention includes vibration energy buffering and transmitting unit 310 and vibration energy dissipating unit 320.
Vibration energy buffering and transfer unit 310 receives external vibrational kinetic energy, buffers the kinetic energy, and transfers it to vibration energy dissipation unit 320.
As shown in fig. 8-10, vibration energy dissipating unit 320 may be generally circular. Vibration energy buffering and transferring unit 310 is disposed outside vibration energy dissipating unit 320, and transfers vibrational kinetic energy to vibration energy dissipating unit 320.
Vibration energy damping and transfer unit 310 may include a plurality of piston transfer structures and communication tubes. Specifically, the piston transfer structure may include a cylinder 311 and a piston 312. The piston transfer structure is arranged in a horizontal direction, and one end of the piston 312 is located in the cylinder 311 to be capable of reciprocating in the cylinder 311. The other end of piston 312 contacts vibration energy dissipation unit 320, and preferably the other end of piston 312 is hingedly connected to the outer wall of vibration energy dissipation unit 320. The cylinder body 311 and the piston 312 may be a cylinder or a cylinder piston structure, and are uniformly arranged in plurality along a circumferential direction. The plurality of cylinders 311 communicate with each other through a communication pipe 313.
The cylinder 311 may be directly fixedly attached to the load-bearing enclosure (e.g., tower) and receive vibrational kinetic energy from the load-bearing enclosure. Damper 3000 may also be provided with a housing 350 to enclose vibrational energy damping and transfer unit 310 and vibrational energy dissipating unit 320 within housing 350. The housing 350 may be utilized to fixedly attach to a load bearing enclosure when installing the damper 3000.
When the cylinder 311 vibrates along with the vibration of the bearing enclosure, the pistons 312 of a part of the plurality of piston transmission structures enter the cylinder 311 to compress fluid media (gas or hydraulic oil) in the cylinder 311, and the fluid media automatically move along the communication pipe 313 according to the set internal flow passage in the compression process, so that the vibration energy of the main system of the enclosure is transferred in the direction opposite to the direction in which the fluid is extruded. The fluid medium flows in the circumferential direction so that kinetic energy is distributed to each piston along the way, and finally flows into the facing cylinders, so that the vibrational kinetic energy is 180 degrees different from the initially received vibrational kinetic energy in direction, and collides and is consumed at 180 degrees. Through the transmission mode of the kinetic energy and the momentum, the kinetic energy and the momentum can be transferred and dispersed along 360 degrees of the circumference, so that the kinetic energy and the momentum when the main system vibrates along all directions collide with each other at 180-degree positions and are mutually offset, the total vibration energy is reduced, the enclosure structure shakes and transmits damping liquid (or gas) in a certain direction, and when the damping liquid (or gas) is used as an energy consumption carrier, the specific expression is that the vibration energy is converted into pressure energy and absorbed heat energy in the process by means of the consumption of the motion process of the carrier, the opposite motion of the carrier after being divided along a circular flow channel, the final opposite collision, the fluid pressure accumulation after the collision, the pressure rebound and the pressure reflection after the fluid pressure accumulation respectively.
In the third embodiment according to the present invention, vibration energy dissipating unit 320 is generally cylindrical and includes an annular cavity and a damping fluid contained in the cavity. A turbulator 321 is also provided in the annular cavity. By arranging the spoiler 321, the damping liquid flows disorderly in the annular cavity, and the ordered vibration kinetic energy is converted into the disorderly kinetic energy. More specifically, the turbulent flow of the liquid in the damping liquid is caused by the action of the spoiler 321. Thus, the turbulators 321 act as dynamic vibration absorbers and turbulators and decompose, disordering, dissipate the energy (momentum) carried by the vibratory slosh. The turbulator 321 may be a screen deck having a plurality of screen openings. When the damping fluid flows along the radial direction, after the damping fluid passes through the sieve holes of one layer of sieve plate, the damping fluid is blocked by the other layer of sieve plate to change the direction, so that the damping fluid cannot flow along the ordered direction. The damping fluid converts kinetic energy into heat energy in the annular cavity and dissipates the heat energy, so that the vibration reduction effect on the bearing space enclosing structure is realized. When the bearing maintenance structure vibrates, vibration energy of a main bearing and enclosing structure system is transferred to an additional damper system, the vibration energy is consumed by the aid of the spoiler 321, in the consumption process, the flow direction is changed (equal to the momentum for changing the liquid flow) through the approximately Z-shaped sieve plate, the pressure is reduced in the flow process of the damping liquid by the aid of the throttling effect of the sieve holes, the fluid kinetic energy and the pressure energy of the damping liquid are dissipated by the aid of eddy currents in front of and behind the throttling hole, the aim that under the condition that the main bearing and enclosing structure system shakes in the direction is achieved, the impulse acting on the damping liquid is transferred by the sieve plate and exists in various directions of 360 degrees, liquid branches after being diverted and split by the sieve plate carry anisotropic momentum, and the natural frequency decoupling and independence are achieved in the continuous flow process. When in design, the natural frequency of the damper can be far away from the natural frequency of the building envelope. The screen plates may be arranged in the height direction of the damper 3000 and staggered in the radial direction in a plurality of layers.
A rolling body 340 may be further disposed at a lower portion of the vibration energy dissipation unit 320, so that when the piston 312 moves telescopically, the vibration energy dissipation unit 320 can be driven to roll on the support plate, friction noise between the vibration energy dissipation unit 320 and the support plate is reduced, and the vibration energy dissipation unit 320 is protected from being worn and damaged.
Where damper 3000 includes housing 350, housing 350 may include an outer cylinder wall 351 and an inner cylinder wall 352 and a top cover and a bottom plate. The cylinder 311 may be fixed on an inner surface of the outer cylinder wall 351, and the rolling bodies 340 may be supported on a bottom plate. In the case where damper 3000 does not include housing 350, a mounting base may be provided on the carrying enclosure to support vibration energy dissipating unit 320.
Although vibration energy dissipating unit 320 is shown as a circular ring in the example shown in the drawings, it may be cylindrical. In the case of a cylindrical shape, the housing 350 may not include an inner cylindrical wall.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, in the case where the fluid medium charged in the piston transfer structure is gas, when the piston on one side enters the cylinder due to vibration, the gas medium is compressed to serve as an energy storage medium, and then carries with it kinetic energy to be transferred and dispersed along the circumference 360, so that the damper 3000 becomes an energy dissipation structure of 360 degrees. The vibration energy dissipation unit 320 makes dynamic response to the vibration kinetic energy transmitted through the radial piston transmission structure, and utilizes the spoiler to destroy the ordered energy (directivity) of the liquid medium, so that the flow of the liquid forms turbulence, the viscosity of the liquid is increased, and a turbulence kinetic energy dissipation structure is formed.
The damper provided by the embodiment of the invention can be installed in a tower of a wind generating set. Corresponding dampers can be arranged aiming at the first-order vibration and the second-order vibration of the system, and the plurality of dampers are arranged in layers along the height direction of the tower. The outer wall of the damper may be tightly secured to the inner wall of the tower.
According to the technical scheme, the protection system is used for bearing building envelope components such as the tower barrel of the wind power generation set, the protection system is pre-installed on the inner peripheries of the upper sections of the tower barrel in the construction process of the wind power plant, structural damping for energy dissipation is built in the tower barrel, damage to the foundation of the tower barrel is reduced, the influence of shaking on the attack angle and the aerodynamic shape formed by the flow of the tower barrel by the original upwind airflow is reduced, and the wind energy utilization rate is improved; meanwhile, the change of the field wind direction can be considered, the damping coefficient of the damper can be adjusted in a self-adaptive manner, and the damage and hidden danger to a basic connecting piece of the tower drum caused by the shaking of the tower drum of the bearing structure of the wind generating set caused by wind in the hoisting process are solved; the construction cost is reduced, and the grid-connected power generation is realized as soon as possible. Simultaneously, the following important points are that: the pitching vibration and the transverse vibration in the running process are inhibited, so that the absorption coefficient of the wind turbine for wind energy utilization is improved, the wind energy conversion rate is improved, and the generating capacity is improved; and the stability of the whole machine structure of the unit is ensured during the halt period in the commissioning process.
The embodiment of the invention not only can solve the damage and hidden danger to the tower drum foundation connecting piece caused by the shaking of the tower drum bearing structure in the hoisting process, but also can reduce the risk of the overturning of the tower drum in the operation process of the wind generating set, strive to shorten the construction time and improve the reliability of the wind generating set in the operation process, and ensure that the wind power plant investor and the constructor both benefit.
In addition, according to the technical scheme of the invention, the problem of noise existing in the traditional vibration suppression device is solved, and the influence on the ecological environment is avoided.
According to the technical scheme of the invention, the bearing enclosure structure can be applied to various bearing enclosure structures such as a cylindrical factory chimney or a cooling tower besides a tower barrel of a wind generating set, and the risk of collapse of the bearing enclosure structures due to resonance caused by a karman vortex street is reduced.
The above embodiments of the present invention are merely exemplary, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art will understand that: changes may be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A damper, characterized in that the damper (1000) comprises a housing (100) forming a receiving cavity and a vibration energy dissipating unit (200) located within the housing (100),
the containing cavity comprises a liquid storage cavity (110) positioned at the lower part and a mass body moving cavity (120) positioned at the upper part, the vibration energy dissipation unit (200) comprises damping liquid (210) contained in the liquid storage cavity (110) and a mass body (220) positioned in the mass body moving cavity (120), the mass body (220) floats on the liquid level of the damping liquid (210), a plurality of dentate bulges (221) are formed at the lower part of the mass body (220),
wherein the mass body moving cavities (120) and the mass body (220) are respectively provided with a plurality of cavities, the cavities are separated by a plurality of cavity partition plates (240), the cavity partition plates (240) are arranged along the height direction of the damper (1000), the mass body (220) is respectively positioned in each mass body moving cavity (120), the damping liquid (210) positioned at the lower part of the mass body moving cavity (120) is communicated with each other,
the plurality of dentate bulges (221) are arranged in a row or in a fork row, and grooves or grooves which are criss-cross and communicated with each other are arranged among the plurality of bulges,
the damper (1000) further comprises a damping coefficient adjustment unit (230) for adjusting a damping coefficient of the damper (1000),
the damping coefficient adjusting unit (230) is one of the following structures:
the damping coefficient adjusting unit (230) includes a sealed gas chamber formed at an upper portion of the mass body (220) and a gas pressure adjusting unit (231) connected to the gas chamber, and a pressure in the gas chamber is adjusted by the gas pressure adjusting unit (231);
the damping coefficient adjustment unit (230) includes a gas chamber formed at an upper portion of the mass body (220), an air bag accommodated in the gas chamber, and a gas pressure adjustment unit (231) to which the air bag is connected, and the pressure inside the air bag is adjusted by the gas pressure adjustment unit (231).
2. The damper according to claim 1, wherein the housing (100) is cylindrical, and the mass body moving chamber (120) and the mass body (220) are fan-shaped or fan-ring-shaped and arranged uniformly in a circumferential direction.
3. The damper according to claim 2, wherein a throttle through hole (222) is further formed in the mass body (220), the throttle through hole (222) penetrating the mass body (220) to communicate the damping liquid (210) with a space above the mass body (220) for suppressing abrupt change of the pressure difference between the upper and lower surfaces of the mass body (220).
4. The damper according to claim 3, wherein the throttling through-hole (222) is a constant-section through-hole or a variable-section through-hole, a tube is inserted into the throttling through-hole (222), a lower end opening of the tube extends into the damping fluid (210) by a predetermined depth, and an upper end opening of the tube is higher than an upper surface of the mass body (220) by a predetermined height.
5. The damper according to claim 1, characterized in that said plurality of tooth-like projections (221) have at least one of the following structural features:
the plurality of bulges are uniform in height or alternatively undulate in height;
the edges of the projections have sharp points or sharp edges.
6. The damper according to claim 1, wherein the mass bodies (220) are provided in an even number, uniformly and symmetrically arranged in a circumferential direction.
7. The damper according to any of claims 1-6, wherein the damper (1000) further comprises a heater disposed in the reservoir (110) and a heat dissipating structure disposed on a side wall of the housing (100).
8. A load-bearing enclosure wherein a damper according to any one of claims 1-7 is installed in the load-bearing enclosure.
9. The load bearing enclosure of claim 8 wherein the load bearing enclosure is a tubular structure and the damper is mounted on an interior surface of the tubular structure.
10. The load bearing enclosure of claim 9 wherein the load bearing enclosure is a tower of a wind turbine generator system and the plurality of dampers are spaced apart along the height of the tower.
Priority Applications (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810684760.7A CN110630680B (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Damper and bearing enclosure structure with same |
| PCT/CN2018/107458 WO2020000714A1 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-09-26 | Damper and load-bearing enclosure structure having same |
| EP18923771.2A EP3808974A4 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-09-26 | Damper and load-bearing enclosure structure having same |
| AU2018430498A AU2018430498B2 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-09-26 | Damper and load-bearing enclosure structure having same |
| US17/043,221 US11415109B2 (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-09-26 | Damper and load-bearing enclosure structure having same |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810684760.7A CN110630680B (en) | 2018-06-28 | 2018-06-28 | Damper and bearing enclosure structure with same |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110630680A CN110630680A (en) | 2019-12-31 |
| CN110630680B true CN110630680B (en) | 2020-12-18 |
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| CN111237133B (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-04-23 | 上海电气风电集团股份有限公司 | But wind generating set pylon of automatically regulated damping attribute |
| CN113916364B (en) * | 2021-10-11 | 2023-08-22 | 陕西师范大学 | Experimental device for mechanical vibration test that precision is high |
| CN115727084A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-03-03 | 福州大学 | Shock absorber with automatic resetting and limiting functions and working method thereof |
| CN116044954B (en) * | 2023-01-29 | 2023-08-04 | 兰州理工大学 | Bidirectional tuning corrugated liquid column damper and mounting method thereof |
Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0648906A1 (en) * | 1993-06-04 | 1995-04-19 | Multicon Schwingungsdämpfer GmbH | Vibration dampening device for vibration sensitive, particularly slender constructions |
| DE69528377D1 (en) * | 1994-12-05 | 2002-10-31 | Shogen Okawa | Pile head treatment tool for a locally formed pile, and pile head treatment method |
| CN103785139A (en) * | 2014-01-26 | 2014-05-14 | 任立元 | Damping type rambling machine |
| CN106703246A (en) * | 2016-12-16 | 2017-05-24 | 中铁二十四局集团安徽工程有限公司 | Combined basin-shaped hybrid tuning damper for wind power generation tower |
| CN106948256B (en) * | 2017-04-26 | 2019-06-21 | 中铁大桥科学研究院有限公司 | A kind of ultralow frequency liquid quality tuned damper and design method |
| CN206815164U (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-12-29 | 同济大学 | Combined tuned quality liquid damper |
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