CN110630304A - Hollow anchor rod with geological detection and anchoring functions and exhaust grouting method thereof - Google Patents
Hollow anchor rod with geological detection and anchoring functions and exhaust grouting method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110630304A CN110630304A CN201910959726.0A CN201910959726A CN110630304A CN 110630304 A CN110630304 A CN 110630304A CN 201910959726 A CN201910959726 A CN 201910959726A CN 110630304 A CN110630304 A CN 110630304A
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- Prior art keywords
- anchor
- anchor rod
- hole
- shell
- plug
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D20/00—Setting anchoring-bolts
- E21D20/02—Setting anchoring-bolts with provisions for grouting
- E21D20/021—Grouting with inorganic components, e.g. cement
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0026—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection characterised by constructional features of the bolts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D21/00—Anchoring-bolts for roof, floor in galleries or longwall working, or shaft-lining protection
- E21D21/0093—Accessories
Abstract
The invention discloses a hollow anchor rod with geological detection and anchoring functions and an exhaust grouting method thereof, wherein the hollow anchor rod comprises a shell expansion anchor head, an anchor rod, a shell expansion sheet, a shell expansion, a steel plug, a grout stop plug, a grouting pipe, a base plate, a nut and a plug; the exhaust grouting method comprises the following steps: when the hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions is used for a side wall or a part with an anchor hole inclined downwards, the hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions is firstly placed downwards into the anchor hole formed by a drill bit, the shell expansion anchor head is propped against the bottom of the anchor hole, and then, the processes of grouting in the anchor rod and slurry discharge and exhaust of an anchor hole opening are adopted; and (II) when the grouting device is used for the parts of the arch part or the anchor hole which are inclined upwards and have the elevation angle larger than 30 degrees, the grouting process of the grouting pipe at the anchor hole mouth and the grouting and exhausting process of the anchor head of the expanding shell are adopted. The invention has powerful anchoring function, can instantly reach the strength required by tensioning, is convenient and safe to operate, and reduces the safety risk of construction; the anchor head is flexible in opening size, a prediction induction chip is convenient to install, and the function of measuring geological disasters is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to geological exploration and building support technology, and particularly relates to a hollow anchor rod with geological exploration and anchoring functions and an exhaust grouting method thereof.
Background
Conventional anchors are typically simple hollow rods with anchor holes. After drilling an anchor hole on a rock or a building through a drill bit, putting a traditional anchor rod into the anchor hole, injecting mortar into the anchor rod hole with one end of the anchor rod exposed out of the anchor hole, exhausting and discharging the slurry from the slurry stop small hole, wherein the slurry injection mortar and rock debris around the anchor rod hole are easy to block the slurry stop small hole, so that the unsmooth exhaust is caused, the slurry injection pressure is increased, the slurry is difficult to enter the anchor hole, the anchor rod in the anchor hole and rock stratums around the inner wall of the anchor hole cannot be connected into a whole, the slurry injection cannot be realized, and the full-length bonding required by the design cannot be reached.
In addition, the traditional shell expansion anchor rod needs to be repeatedly pulled and pulled to be expanded due to the defect of shell expansion head design, and the instantaneous pulling resistance of the traditional shell expansion anchor rod cannot meet the design requirement; the traditional anchor rod can not simply and quickly expand the expansion shell head and instantly reach the strength required by tensioning, more manpower is required during operation, more than three persons are required to send the anchor rod into the anchor hole and prop the anchor rod, another person is required to separately carry out grouting by using a grouting machine, the anchor rod is worried to fall from the anchor hole at any time, and the construction safety risk is great; and the traditional anchor rod is delivered to the bottom of the anchor hole, the expansion shell cannot be automatically adjusted, the opening size of the anchor head is limited, the prediction chip cannot be tightly combined with a rock stratum, the geological disaster change cannot be measured, and the information such as the compactness of grouting, the length of the anchor rod and the like can cause the anchor rod in a weak stratum to fall off, the tensioning cannot be realized, and the geological prediction function cannot be realized.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a hollow anchor rod having geological detection and anchoring functions and an exhaust grouting method thereof, which are used for protecting railway tunnels, highway tunnels and high slopes, supporting underground buildings, supporting foundation pits of power stations and urban high-rise buildings, and reinforcing embankments of rivers and piers, have good anchoring effects, and have strong geological prediction functions, and specifically include: detecting the pressure, displacement, temperature, bending degree and the like of the underground rock stratum in real time, and uploading relevant data at any time after calculating through a front-end processor; a plurality of hollow anchor rods are arranged according to the cross section, anchor rod grouting flow data, anchor rod length, rock stratum pressure change and the like are recorded and analyzed at any time, and geological disasters are predicted and prevented.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions is specially designed and manufactured, the anchoring function is strong, the strength required by tensioning can be instantly achieved, the operation is convenient and safe, one person can realize the operations of punching, anchoring, grouting and the like, and the construction safety risk is reduced; the anchor head is flexible in opening size, a prediction induction chip is convenient to install, and the functions of measuring the geological disaster prediction and the compactness of grouting, the length of the anchor rod and the like are achieved.
The invention also aims to design the air-exhausting grouting method of the hollow anchor rod, so that grouting is full and grouting pressure is low, smooth air-exhausting grouting, full-length bonding of the anchor rod and excellent anchoring function are really realized.
The technical scheme is as follows: a hollow anchor rod with geological detection and anchoring functions comprises a shell expansion anchor head, an anchor rod, a shell expansion sheet, a steel plug, a grout stop plug, a grouting pipe, a base plate, a nut and a plug, wherein the shell expansion anchor head is installed at the top end of the hollow anchor rod and is fixedly connected with the anchor rod through the shell expansion sheet and the steel plug, and a prediction induction chip and an exhaust and grout discharge groove are arranged on the shell expansion anchor head; a through anchor rod inner hole is formed in the anchor rod, and a prediction sensor module and a signal transmission line are arranged in the anchor rod inner hole; an anchor head inner hole is formed in the expansion shell anchor head, and the anchor head inner hole and the anchor rod inner hole are communicated with each other; the plug is arranged at the other end of the anchor rod, which is far away from the anchor head of the expansion shell, and the signal transmission line is connected with the plug; the grout stop plug is sleeved on the anchor rod, is used for fixing the anchor rod and is convenient for plugging an anchor hole formed by the drill bit; the grouting pipe penetrates through the backing plate and the grout stop plug, and the nut is screwed at the rear end of the backing plate to push and consolidate the grout stop plug and the backing plate; the geological disaster early warning device comprises a plug and is characterized in that the outer side of the plug is also connected with a geological disaster early warning sensor module, a power supply device, a charging device, an information exchange module and an information ground receiving and processing system in wireless remote connection.
Preferably, the shell expansion pieces are two semi-cylindrical pieces, the inner parts of which are provided with stepped holes and the outer parts of which are provided with stepped circles, the front parts of the two shell expansion pieces are respectively buckled with the circular groove at the rear part of the shell expansion anchor head, the outer surfaces of the two shell expansion pieces are welded and fixed with the shell expansion anchor head through the shell expansion, and the rear parts of the two shell expansion pieces extend out from the lower part of the rear part of the shell expansion; the steel plug is internally sleeved on the anchor rod through threads, and the front end of the conical surface outside the steel plug is embedded into the stepped hole inside the expansion shell piece.
Furthermore, the corresponding positions of the outer surfaces of the shell expansion anchor head and the shell expansion sheet are provided with shell expansion grooves with matched sizes, the shell expansion is embedded into the shell expansion grooves in a welding mode, and the shell expansion anchor head and the shell expansion sheet are externally connected and fixed in a front-back mode.
Preferably, the stepped hole in the shell expansion sheet comprises a cylindrical hole and a trapezoidal conical hole; the steel plug is in the shape of a trapezoidal cone, and the front end of the conical surface outside the steel plug is embedded into the trapezoidal conical hole inside the expansion shell piece. When the anchor head of the expanding shell is delivered to the bottom of the anchor hole, the exhaust grout discharging groove at the top end of the anchor head of the expanding shell props against the bottom of the anchor hole, at the moment, an operator props against the anchor rod and slightly rotates the anchor rod, the front end of the steel plug is embedded in the trapezoidal conical hole in the expanding shell sheet, the expanding shell sheet at the corresponding position of the trapezoidal conical hole is outwards expanded and expanded by the driving force and the rotating force of the steel plug, and the expanding shell sheet is combined with the rock stratum on the inner wall of the anchor hole after expanding the expanding shell sheet, so that the expanding shell head is connected with the anchor rod and the expanding shell sheet is clamped in the rock stratum, the required strength is instantly reached, the anchor rod is prevented from downwards stretching and falling, the whole process operation from punching, anchoring to grouting can be realized by one person, the labor is saved, the efficiency is improved, and the construction safety risk.
Preferably, the sizes of the shell expansion anchor head, the shell expansion sheet and the anchor rod can be adjusted according to actual needs.
Preferably, the exhaust and slurry discharge groove is formed in the top end of the expansion shell anchor head.
Preferably, the shape of the grout stop plug is a trapezoidal cone, and the trapezoidal bottom surface of the grout stop plug is provided with a grout stop plug anchor rod hole and a grout stop plug grouting pipe hole which are respectively used for penetrating through an anchor rod and a grouting pipe; the maximum diameter of the cone of the grout stop plug is consistent with the diameter of the anchor hole, so that the anchor hole opening is blocked, and grout leakage and air leakage after grouting in the anchor hole are avoided.
Preferably, the top of the grouting pipe is provided with a grouting head for injecting mortar.
Preferably, the backing plate is a thin plate sleeved on the anchor rod at the anchor hole opening, the middle of the backing plate arches backwards to form an arc part, and a backing plate anchor rod hole and a backing plate grouting pipe hole are formed in the backing plate, so that the anchor rod and the grouting pipe can conveniently penetrate through the backing plate anchor rod hole and the backing plate grouting pipe hole.
Preferably, the prediction induction chip is embedded in the outer surface of the anchor head of the expansion shell and is connected with the prediction inductor module and the signal transmission line through electric wires, and when the prediction induction chip is in contact with a rock stratum structure on the inner wall of the anchor hole, the prediction induction chip can play a role in detecting and calculating related data such as pressure, displacement, temperature, bending degree and the like of an underground rock stratum in real time.
Furthermore, the prediction sensor module senses information such as rock stratum pressure, displacement, temperature, bending degree and the like measured by the prediction sensing chip through a land sonar method, converts the information to a signal transmission line, and transmits the information to the geological disaster early warning sensor module outside the plug through the signal transmission line; the geological disaster early warning sensor module is in wireless remote connection with the information ground receiving and processing system, so that remote early warning and prevention are realized.
The invention also discloses an exhaust grouting method of the hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions, which comprises the following steps:
when the anchor rod is used for the part of a side wall or an anchor hole, which inclines downwards, the hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions is firstly placed downwards into the anchor hole formed by a drill bit, the anchor head of the expansion shell props against the bottom of the anchor hole, and then the processes of grouting in the anchor rod and slurry discharge and exhaust of an anchor hole opening are adopted, namely: the anchor rod inner hole of the anchor rod is used as a grout inlet pipe, mortar is injected into the rear end of the anchor rod inner hole, flows into the exhaust grout discharging groove in the front end of the anchor head of the expansion shell from the inside of the anchor rod, is filled outside the anchor rod, and is exhausted from the anchor hole through the grout injection pipe after the anchor hole outside the anchor rod is filled fully (at the moment, the grout injection pipe is named as the grout injection pipe but is actually used for discharging grout and discharging air).
When the anchor rod is used for a part with an upward inclination of an arch part or an anchor hole and an elevation angle larger than 30 degrees, the hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions is firstly placed into the anchor hole formed by the drill bit upwards, the arch part is propped against by the anchor head of the expansion shell, and then the processes of grouting by the grouting pipe of the anchor hole opening and slurry discharge and exhaust by the anchor head of the expansion shell are adopted, namely: the mortar is injected into the anchor hole through the grouting pipe in the anchor hole opening, the mortar flows to the exhaust grout discharging groove at the front end of the anchor head of the expansion shell from the outside of the anchor rod, and is filled in the anchor rod (at the moment, the exhaust grout discharging groove is named as the exhaust grout discharging groove and is actually used for introducing the mortar), the anchor rod inner hole in the anchor rod is used for exhausting grout discharging pipes, the air in the anchor hole is discharged from the rear end of the anchor rod inner hole, grouting is completed, and the plug is immediately installed at the rear end of the anchor rod inner hole.
Has the advantages that: the invention can select and adjust the size of the shell-expanding anchor head, the shell-expanding sheet and the anchor rod according to the strength of the rock stratum, has convenient and safe operation, can directly feed the shell-expanding anchor head into the bottom of the anchor hole, can reach the strength required by tensioning instantly after being easily rotated, and has strong anchoring function; one person can realize operations such as punching, anchoring, grouting and the like, thereby reducing the construction safety risk and the labor cost; the opening size of the anchor head is flexible, a prediction chip is convenient to install, and the functions of measuring geological disaster prediction information, the compactness of grouting, the length of the anchor rod and the like can be realized; the method changes the exhaust grouting mode of the traditional anchor rod, particularly when the method is used for a part with an arch part or an anchor hole inclined upwards and an elevation angle larger than 30 degrees, grouting is carried out from the outside of the anchor rod, grout enters an inner hole of the anchor rod from an exhaust grout discharging groove at the front end from bottom to top and then flows back to the rear end of the anchor rod in a diffused mode, the grouting is full and the grouting pressure is low, the original design purpose of the full-length bonding type anchor rod is really realized, and the problems that the traditional anchor rod cannot be connected with a rock stratum into a whole due to the fact that the grout and rock debris on the inner wall of the anchor hole easily block the exhaust grout discharging groove, the exhaust is not smooth, the grouting pressure is increased, and the grout cannot enter the anchor hole easily are.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic assembled front view of a hollow anchor rod having geological detection and anchoring capabilities according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top plan view of the assembly of the hollow anchor rod with geological exploration and anchoring of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic assembled side view of the hollow anchor rod of the present invention having geological exploration and anchoring capabilities;
FIG. 4 is a front view of the anchor head of the expanding shell of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a top view of the anchor head of the expanding shell of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a side view of the anchor head of the expanding shell of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the inner bore of the anchor head of the expanding shell anchor head of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a front view of the expanding shell piece of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a top view of the expanding shell segments of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a front view of a steel plug according to the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a side view of a steel plug according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a side cross-sectional view of the interior of the steel plug of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a front view of the grout stop plug of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a side view of the grout stop of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a front view of the nut of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a side view of the nut of the present invention;
FIG. 17 is an internal cross-sectional view of the nut of the present invention;
FIG. 18 is a front view of a slip casting pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 19 is a front view of the shim plate of the present invention;
FIG. 20 is a side view of the backing plate of the present invention;
FIG. 21 is a schematic view of a hollow anchor rod of the present invention in a downward use configuration for geological exploration and anchoring;
fig. 22 is a schematic view showing a downward use state of the hollow anchor rod having geological exploration and anchoring functions according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1-6, a hollow anchor rod with geological detection and anchoring functions comprises a shell-expanding anchor head 1, an anchor rod 2, a shell-expanding sheet 3, a steel plug 4, a grout stop plug 5, a grouting pipe 6, a backing plate 7, a nut 8 and a plug 9, wherein the shell-expanding anchor head 1 is installed at the top end of the hollow anchor rod and is fixedly connected with the anchor rod 2 through the shell-expanding sheet 3 and the steel plug 4, a prediction induction chip 10 and an exhaust grout discharge groove 11 are arranged outside the shell-expanding anchor head, a through anchor rod inner hole 20 is formed in the anchor rod 2, and a prediction sensor module and a signal transmission line 21 are arranged inside the anchor rod inner hole 20; an anchor head inner hole 13 is formed in the expansion shell anchor head 1, and the anchor head inner hole 13 and the anchor rod inner hole 20 are communicated with each other; the plug 9 is arranged at the other end of the anchor rod 2 far away from the expansion shell anchor head 1, and the early warning induction wire 21 is connected with the plug 9; the grout stop plug 5 is sleeved on the anchor rod 2, is used for fixing the anchor rod 2 and is convenient for plugging an anchor hole formed by a drill bit; the backing plate 7 is arranged at the rear end of the grout stop plug 5, the grouting pipe 6 penetrates through the backing plate 7 and the grout stop plug 5, and the nut 8 is screwed at the rear end of the backing plate 7 to push and consolidate the grout stop plug 5 and the backing plate 7; the geological disaster early warning device comprises a plug and is characterized in that the outer side of the plug is also connected with a geological disaster early warning sensor module, a power supply device, a charging device, an information exchange module and an information ground receiving and processing system in wireless remote connection.
The anchor head inner hole 13 and the anchor rod inner hole 20 may be through holes or threaded holes, as shown in fig. 1 and 7.
As shown in fig. 8-12, the shell-expanding pieces 3 are two semi-cylindrical pieces with stepped holes formed inside and stepped circles 301 formed outside, the front parts of the two shell-expanding pieces 3 are respectively fastened with the circular grooves 101 at the rear part of the shell-expanding anchor head 1, the outer surfaces of the two shell-expanding pieces 3 are welded and fixed with the shell-expanding anchor head 1 through a shell-expanding 302, and the rear parts of the two shell-expanding pieces extend out from the lower part of the rear part of the shell-expanding 302; the steel plug 4 is internally sleeved on the anchor rod 2 through threads, and the front end 401 of the external conical surface of the steel plug is embedded into a stepped hole in the expansion shell piece 3. The outer surfaces of the expansion shell anchor head 1 and the expansion shell piece 3 are provided with expansion shell grooves 103 with matched sizes, the expansion shell 302 is embedded in the expansion shell grooves in a welding mode, and the expansion shell anchor head 1 and the expansion shell piece 3 are externally connected and fixed in a front-back mode. The stepped hole in the shell expansion sheet 3 comprises a cylindrical hole 304 and a trapezoidal conical hole 305; the steel plug 4 is in a trapezoidal cone shape, and the front end of an external conical surface 401 of the steel plug is embedded into a trapezoidal conical hole 305 in the expansion shell piece 3.
After the expansion shell anchor head 1 is delivered to the bottom of the anchor hole 40, the exhaust grout discharging groove 11 at the top end of the expansion shell anchor head 1 props against the bottom of the anchor hole 40, at the moment, an operator props against the anchor rod and slightly rotates, because the steel plug 4 is pushed and rotated along with the anchor rod, the front end of the steel plug 4 is embedded in the trapezoidal conical hole 305 inside the expansion shell piece 3, the expansion shell piece 3 at the position corresponding to the trapezoidal conical hole 305 is outwards opened and expanded by the pushing force and the rotating force of the steel plug 4, the expansion shell piece 3 is combined with the rock stratum on the inner wall of the anchor hole 40 after being expanded, and the expansion shell anchor head and the anchor rod are connected and clamped in the rock stratum, so that the strength required by tensioning is instantly achieved, the anchor rod is prevented from falling downwards, the whole process operation from punching, anchoring and grouting can be realized by one person, the labor is saved, the efficiency is improved, and the construction safety risk is.
The sizes of the shell expansion anchor head 1, the shell expansion sheet 3 and the anchor rod 2 can be adjusted according to actual needs.
As shown in fig. 4-6, the exhaust and slurry discharge groove 11 is arranged at the top end of the expansion shell anchor head 1; in this embodiment, the exhaust and slurry discharge grooves 11 are 4 grooves uniformly arranged on the circumference.
As shown in fig. 13-14, the shape of the grout stop plug 5 is a trapezoidal cone, and the trapezoidal bottom surface thereof is provided with a grout stop plug anchor rod hole 51 and a grout stop plug grouting pipe hole 52 for respectively passing through the anchor rod 2 and the grouting pipe 6; the maximum diameter of the cone of the grout stopping plug 5 is consistent with the diameter of the anchor hole 40, so that the anchor hole opening is blocked, and grout leakage and air leakage after grouting in the anchor hole are avoided; the diameter of the anchor holes 40 is made as required. As shown in fig. 15-17, the nut is a hex nut.
As shown in fig. 18, the top of the grouting pipe 6 is provided with a grouting head 61 for injecting mortar.
As shown in fig. 19 to 20, the backing plate 7 is a thin plate which is sleeved on the anchor rod at the anchor hole, the middle of the backing plate is arched backwards to form an arc part 71, and a backing plate anchor rod hole 72 and a backing plate grouting pipe hole 73 are formed, so that the anchor rod 2 and the grouting pipe 6 can conveniently pass through the backing plate anchor rod hole and the backing plate grouting pipe hole.
As shown in fig. 1, the prediction sensing chip 10 is embedded in the outer surface of the anchor head 1, and is connected to the prediction sensor module and the signal transmission line 21 through an electric wire, so that when the prediction sensing chip 10 contacts with the rock stratum structure on the inner wall of the anchor hole 40, the prediction sensing chip can perform the functions of detecting and calculating related data such as pressure, displacement, temperature, bending degree and the like of the underground rock stratum in real time.
The prediction sensor module senses information such as rock stratum pressure, displacement, temperature, bending and the like measured by the prediction sensing chip 10 through a land sonar method, converts the information to a signal transmission line 21, and transmits the information to the geological disaster early warning sensor module outside the plug 9 through the signal transmission line 21; the geological disaster early warning sensor module is in wireless remote connection with the information ground receiving and processing system, so that remote early warning and prevention are realized. The prediction induction chip 10, the prediction sensor module and the signal transmission line 21, the geological disaster early warning sensor module and the information ground receiving and processing system are all existing commercial products, and the models and specifications can be selected according to needs.
In the embodiment, the maximum diameter of the cone of the grout stopping plug 5 and the diameter of the anchor hole 40 are 55 mm; the inner hole 13 of the anchor head is a threaded hole, and the major diameter of the thread is 26 mm; the anchor rod is an external thread rod, the major diameter of the anchor rod is 26mm, and the minor diameter of the anchor rod is 23 mm; the large diameter of the threaded hole of the nut 8 is 26mm, and the small diameter is 23 mm; the large diameter of the threaded hole of the steel plug 4 is 26mm, and the small diameter of the threaded hole of the steel plug 4 is 23 mm; the outer diameter of the grouting pipe 6 is 16mm, the diameter of the grouting pipe hole 52 of the grout stop plug is 15mm, and the grouting pipe 6 is in interference fit with the grouting pipe hole 52 of the grout stop plug; the diameter of the anchor rod hole 51 of the grout stop plug is 25mm, and the anchor rod 2 is in interference fit with the anchor rod hole 51 of the grout stop plug; the diameter of the backing plate anchor rod hole 72 is 27mm, and the anchor rod 2 penetrates through the backing plate anchor rod hole 72; the diameter of the backing plate grouting pipe hole 73 is 18mm, and the grouting pipe 6 penetrates through the backing plate grouting pipe hole 73.
The invention also discloses an exhaust grouting method of the hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions, which comprises the following steps:
when the anchor rod is used for the part of the side wall 60 or the anchor hole 40, which inclines downwards, the hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions is firstly placed downwards into the anchor hole 40 formed by the drill bit, the shell expansion anchor head 1 props against the bottom of the anchor hole 40, and then the processes of grouting in the anchor rod and slurry discharge and exhaust of an anchor hole opening are adopted, namely: the anchor rod inner hole 20 of the anchor rod is used as a grout inlet pipe, mortar is injected into the rear end of the anchor rod inner hole 20, flows into the exhaust grout discharging groove 11 in the front end of the expanding shell anchor head 1 from the inside of the anchor rod, fills the outside of the anchor rod 2, fills the anchor hole 40 outside the anchor rod 2 fully, and discharges grout outside the anchor hole 40 through the grout injection pipe 6 for exhaust (at the moment, the grout injection pipe 6 is named as a grout injection pipe but is actually used for discharging grout and discharging air). The flow path of the mortar is shown by the arrow in fig. 21.
When the anchor rod is used for the part, with the upward inclination of the arch part 70 or the anchor hole 40 and the elevation angle larger than 30 degrees, of the arch part 70 or the part with the upward inclination of the anchor hole 40, the hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions is firstly placed into the anchor hole 40 formed by the drill bit upwards, the shell expansion anchor head 1 props against the arch part 70, then the processes of grouting by an anchor hole opening grouting pipe and discharging the grout by the shell expansion anchor head are adopted, namely: the mortar is injected into the anchor hole 40 through the grouting pipe 6 in the anchor hole opening, the mortar flows to the exhaust grout discharging groove 11 at the front end of the anchor head 1 of the expanding shell from the outside of the anchor rod 2, the anchor rod 2 is internally filled with the mortar (at the moment, the exhaust grout discharging groove 11 is named as the exhaust grout discharging groove but is actually used for introducing the mortar), the anchor rod inner hole 20 in the anchor rod 2 is used as the exhaust grout discharging pipe, the air in the anchor hole 40 is discharged from the rear end of the anchor rod inner hole 20, the grouting is completed, and the plug 9 is immediately installed at the rear end of the anchor rod inner hole 20. The mortar inflow and outflow strokes are shown by arrows in fig. 22.
While the invention has been described in detail with reference to certain preferred embodiments thereof, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the invention is capable of other applications or combinations of parts and is capable of operation in various other respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. For a person skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several equivalent substitutions or modifications, of equal performance or use, without departing from the inventive concept, should be considered as belonging to the scope of patent protection of the present invention, as determined by the claims submitted.
Claims (10)
1. A hollow anchor rod with geological detection and anchoring functions is characterized by comprising a shell expansion anchor head, an anchor rod, a shell expansion sheet, a steel plug, a grout stop plug, a grouting pipe, a base plate, a nut and a plug, wherein the shell expansion anchor head is installed at the top end of the hollow anchor rod and is fixedly connected with the anchor rod through the shell expansion sheet and the steel plug, and a prediction induction chip and an exhaust grout discharge groove are arranged on the shell expansion anchor head; a through anchor rod inner hole is formed in the anchor rod, and a prediction sensor module and a signal transmission line are arranged in the anchor rod inner hole; an anchor head inner hole is formed in the expansion shell anchor head, and the anchor head inner hole and the anchor rod inner hole are communicated with each other; the plug is arranged at the other end of the anchor rod, which is far away from the anchor head of the expansion shell, and the signal transmission line is connected with the plug; the grout stop plug is sleeved on the anchor rod, is used for fixing the anchor rod and is convenient for plugging an anchor hole formed by the drill bit; the grouting pipe penetrates through the backing plate and the grout stop plug, and the nut is screwed at the rear end of the backing plate to push and consolidate the grout stop plug and the backing plate; the geological disaster early warning device comprises a plug and is characterized in that the outer side of the plug is also connected with a geological disaster early warning sensor module, a power supply device, a charging device, an information exchange module and an information ground receiving and processing system in wireless remote connection.
2. The hollow anchor rod with the geological exploration and anchoring functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the shell-expanding pieces are two semi-cylindrical pieces with a stepped hole formed inside and a stepped circle formed outside, the front parts of the two shell-expanding pieces are respectively buckled with the circular grooves at the rear part of the shell-expanding anchor head, the outer surface of the two shell-expanding pieces is welded and fixed with the shell-expanding anchor head through the shell-expanding pieces, and the rear parts of the two shell-expanding pieces extend out from the lower part of the rear part of the shell-expanding piece; the steel plug is internally sleeved on the anchor rod through threads, and the front end of the conical surface outside the steel plug is embedded into the stepped hole inside the expansion shell piece.
3. The hollow anchor rod with geological exploration and anchoring functions as claimed in claim 2, wherein the corresponding positions of the outer surfaces of the expansion shell anchor head and the expansion shell sheet are provided with expansion shell grooves with matched sizes, the expansion shell is embedded in the expansion shell anchor head and the expansion shell sheet by welding, and the expansion shell anchor head and the expansion shell sheet are externally connected and fixed in a front-back mode.
4. The hollow anchor rod with geological detection and anchoring functions as claimed in claim 2, wherein the stepped hole inside the shell-expanding sheet comprises a cylindrical hole and a trapezoidal conical hole; the steel plug is in the shape of a trapezoidal cone, and the front end of the conical surface outside the steel plug is embedded into the trapezoidal conical hole inside the expansion shell piece.
5. A hollow anchor rod with geological exploration and anchoring functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein said exhaust and slurry discharge groove is opened at the top end of said expanding shell anchor head.
6. The hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grout stop plug is in the shape of a trapezoidal cone, and a grout stop plug anchor rod hole and a grout stop plug grouting pipe hole are formed in the trapezoidal bottom surface of the grout stop plug and are respectively used for penetrating through the anchor rod and the grouting pipe; the maximum diameter of the cone of the grout stop plug is consistent with the diameter of the anchor hole, so that the anchor hole opening is blocked, and grout leakage and air leakage after grouting in the anchor hole are avoided.
7. A hollow anchor rod with geological detection and anchoring functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein said backing plate is a thin plate fitted over the anchor rod at the anchor opening, and has a middle portion arched backward in a circular arc, and is provided with a backing plate anchor rod hole and a backing plate grouting pipe hole for allowing the anchor rod and grouting pipe to pass therethrough.
8. The hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions as claimed in claim 1, wherein the prediction induction chip is embedded in the outer surface of the anchor head of the expansion shell and is connected with the prediction sensor module and the signal transmission line through electric wires, and when the prediction induction chip is in contact with a rock stratum structure on the inner wall of the anchor hole, the prediction induction chip plays a role in detecting and calculating related data such as pressure, displacement, temperature, bending degree and the like of an underground rock stratum in real time.
9. The hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions as claimed in claim 8, wherein the prediction sensor module senses information such as pressure, displacement, temperature, bending degree and the like of a rock stratum measured by the prediction sensing chip through a land sonar method, converts the information to a signal transmission line, and transmits the information to the geological disaster early warning sensor module outside the plug through the signal transmission line; the geological disaster early warning sensor module is in wireless remote connection with the information ground receiving and processing system, so that remote early warning and prevention are realized.
10. A method of air discharge grouting of a hollow anchor rod with geological exploration and anchoring functions as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
when the anchor rod is used for the part of a side wall or an anchor hole, which inclines downwards, the hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions is firstly placed downwards into the anchor hole formed by a drill bit, the anchor head of the expansion shell props against the bottom of the anchor hole, and then the processes of grouting in the anchor rod and slurry discharge and exhaust of an anchor hole opening are adopted, namely: the method comprises the following steps that an anchor rod inner hole of an anchor rod is used as a grout inlet pipe, mortar is injected through the rear end of the anchor rod inner hole, the mortar flows from the inside of the anchor rod to an exhaust grout discharging groove at the front end of an anchor head of an expanding shell, the outside of the anchor rod is filled, and after an anchor hole outside the anchor rod is filled fully, the mortar is discharged outside the anchor hole through a grouting pipe and exhausted;
when the anchor rod is used for a part with an upward inclination of an arch part or an anchor hole and an elevation angle larger than 30 degrees, the hollow anchor rod with the geological detection and anchoring functions is firstly placed into the anchor hole formed by the drill bit upwards, the arch part is propped against by the anchor head of the expansion shell, and then the processes of grouting by the grouting pipe of the anchor hole opening and slurry discharge and exhaust by the anchor head of the expansion shell are adopted, namely: the mortar is injected into the anchor hole through the grouting pipe in the anchor hole opening, the mortar flows to the exhaust grout discharging groove at the front end of the anchor head of the expansion shell from the outside of the anchor rod, the anchor rod is filled with the mortar, the inner hole of the anchor rod is used as an exhaust grout discharging pipe, the air in the anchor hole is discharged from the rear end of the inner hole of the anchor rod, the grouting is completed, and the plug is installed at the rear end of the inner hole of the anchor rod immediately.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910959726.0A CN110630304A (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Hollow anchor rod with geological detection and anchoring functions and exhaust grouting method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910959726.0A CN110630304A (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Hollow anchor rod with geological detection and anchoring functions and exhaust grouting method thereof |
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| CN110630304A true CN110630304A (en) | 2019-12-31 |
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| CN201910959726.0A Pending CN110630304A (en) | 2019-10-10 | 2019-10-10 | Hollow anchor rod with geological detection and anchoring functions and exhaust grouting method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111456042A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-28 | 河北锐驰交通工程咨询有限公司 | Highway side slope landslide prevention device |
| CN115013061A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-06 | 山东大学 | Anchor rod type tunnel engineering geological disaster intelligent monitoring device and method |
-
2019
- 2019-10-10 CN CN201910959726.0A patent/CN110630304A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111456042A (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2020-07-28 | 河北锐驰交通工程咨询有限公司 | Highway side slope landslide prevention device |
| CN111456042B (en) * | 2020-04-15 | 2022-02-08 | 河北锐驰交通工程咨询有限公司 | Highway side slope landslide prevention device |
| CN115013061A (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2022-09-06 | 山东大学 | Anchor rod type tunnel engineering geological disaster intelligent monitoring device and method |
| CN115013061B (en) * | 2022-05-26 | 2024-01-05 | 山东大学 | Anchor rod type tunnel engineering geological disaster intelligent monitoring device and method |
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