CN110627237A - Water purifying device and method for light hydrocarbon cracking process - Google Patents

Water purifying device and method for light hydrocarbon cracking process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110627237A
CN110627237A CN201910840453.8A CN201910840453A CN110627237A CN 110627237 A CN110627237 A CN 110627237A CN 201910840453 A CN201910840453 A CN 201910840453A CN 110627237 A CN110627237 A CN 110627237A
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China
Prior art keywords
process water
oil
water
air floatation
light hydrocarbon
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Pending
Application number
CN201910840453.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
辛江
吴德娟
孙长庚
杨庆兰
胡仲才
刘建国
赵红霞
鲁文华
赵志强
王蕴慧
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China National Petroleum Corp
China Huanqiu Contracting and Engineering Corp
China Huanqiu Engineering Co Ltd
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China National Petroleum Corp
China Huanqiu Engineering Co Ltd
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Application filed by China National Petroleum Corp, China Huanqiu Engineering Co Ltd filed Critical China National Petroleum Corp
Priority to CN201910840453.8A priority Critical patent/CN110627237A/en
Publication of CN110627237A publication Critical patent/CN110627237A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/24Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flotation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/40Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02FTREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device and a method, which are used for purifying process water from a quenching water tower. The oil-water separator can primarily settle and separate fuel oil with density lower than that of water and tar heavier than water in the process water. And (4) introducing the settled process water into air floatation equipment to remove most of coke powder and free oil in a floating manner. Finally, the free oil is deeply coalesced by the coalescence equipment to meet the index requirements of process water and discharged wastewater.

Description

Water purifying device and method for light hydrocarbon cracking process
Technical Field
The invention relates to a water purification device and method for a light hydrocarbon cracking process, which are used for a device for preparing ethylene by cracking light raw materials, in particular to an ethylene device for cracking ethane and propane.
Background
Traditional oil cracking unit is provided with quench oil tower and quench water tower. After the spraying circulation of the quenching oil tower, the tar and coke powder in the pyrolysis gas can be completely removed, and the light fuel oil can be separated. The light oil and water vapor contained in the cracked gas are circularly sprayed and cooled in a quench water tower to separate cracked gasoline and process water. The process water can meet the index requirement of the process water through conventional filtration and coalescence.
The cracking device of light raw material, especially ethane-propane cracking device, has less heavy component in cracking composition, and is not equipped with quenching oil tower, but only equipped with quenching water tower. Because of the lack of a quenching oil tower, tar and coke powder in the pyrolysis gas are difficult to effectively remove only through a quenching water tower, so that the process water contains a small amount of tar and coke powder, the density of the components is similar to that of water, the surface tension is small, and the difficulty of process water purification is increased. If not removed, the quenching water tower is easily emulsified, and the corrosion of the equipment of the dilution steam generation system is aggravated.
Aiming at the process water generated by a light raw material cracking device, a conventional purification treatment method adopts coalescence equipment, namely filtration and coalescence, and the filter is extremely easy to block in the aspect of operation, and the filter needs to be replaced 10-20 times per month in the initial operation stage or after a cracking furnace is coked. Even if the filter is frequently switched, the long-period operation of the coalescer is difficult to guarantee, and the coalescer is replaced for 1-2 times per month. The cartridge filters and coalescers are difficult to recycle and frequently replaced, resulting in high operating costs.
Aiming at the process water generated by the light raw material cracking device, another conventional purification treatment method is air floatation and walnut shell filtration, the treatment method is mainly used for a wastewater treatment process, the treatment effect on tar is poor during air floatation operation, the oil content can be generally controlled at 100ppmwt, and the removal rate of coke powder is worse. The residual coke powder and tar need to be further removed by a walnut shell filter, the walnut shell filter needs to be provided with a plurality of series operations, and needs to be backwashed for regeneration, so that the occupied area and the investment are large, and the operating cost is high. If the walnut shell selected is poor in quality, the purification index of the process water is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: the utility model provides a light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device and method, which solves the problems that in the cracking device of light raw materials in the prior art, especially the ethane propane cracking device, because heavy components are less in cracking composition, a quenching oil tower is not arranged, and only a quenching water tower is arranged, tar and coke powder in cracking gas are difficult to effectively remove, and the process water contains trace tar and coke powder with similar density with water, the surface tension is less, and the process water purification difficulty is increased.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device is used for purifying process water from a quenching water tower, and is characterized by comprising the following components in series in sequence:
an oil-water separator for preliminarily removing light oil and heavy oil;
the air floatation equipment is used for removing most of coke powder and free oil;
and the coalescence equipment is used for further removing coke powder and free oil.
The light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device comprises: the oil-water separator is of a horizontal storage tank structure, and the upper part and the lower part of the oil-water separator are respectively provided with a liquid collecting bag.
The light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device comprises: pyrolysis gasoline is also injected into the oil-water separator, and the injection amount of the pyrolysis gasoline is 0.05-5 wt% of the process water amount.
The light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device comprises: the air floatation equipment is pressure equipment, and the operating pressure is 0.03-1.8 MPaG.
The light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device comprises: the air floatation equipment adopts a partial reflux dissolved air floatation structure, and the weight ratio of the reflux amount of a reflux pump to the process water flow is 0.1-0.9.
The light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device comprises: the coalescence equipment comprises a filter arranged at the front section and a coalescence device arranged at the rear section, wherein the filter consists of a coarse filter and a fine filter, the filtering precision of the coarse filter is 30-50 mu m, and the filtering precision of the fine filter is 5-15 mu m.
A purification method for light hydrocarbon cracking process water, wherein large particle coke powder and part of tar are removed from the process water from a quenching water tower, the indexes are that the content of free oil is 100-5000ppmwt, and the content of coke powder is 30-100ppmwt, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the process water enters an oil-water separator, and after sedimentation separation of the oil-water separator, the content of free oil in the process water is controlled at 100-3000 ppmwt;
the process water after sedimentation separation enters air floatation equipment, and after air floatation, the content of free oil in the process water is controlled to be 20-200ppmwt, and the content of coke powder is 10-50 ppmwt;
after most of tar and coke powder are removed by air floatation, the process water enters a coalescence device, free oil in the process water is controlled to be below 15ppmwt, coke powder with the particle size of more than 20 mu m is completely removed, and the coke powder content is less than 1 ppmwt.
The purification method of the light hydrocarbon cracking process water comprises the following steps: the inlet pipeline of the oil-water separator is also injected with pyrolysis gasoline to extract light oil carried or dissolved in the process water, and the injection amount of the pyrolysis gasoline is 0.05-5% of the weight of the process water.
The purification method of the light hydrocarbon cracking process water comprises the following steps: the air floatation operation pressure of the air floatation equipment is 0.9 MPaG; the air floatation equipment adopts a partial reflux dissolved air floatation mode, and the volume ratio of the reflux quantity of a reflux pump to the process water is 0.3.
The purification method of the light hydrocarbon cracking process water comprises the following steps: the coalescence equipment comprises a filter arranged at the front section and a coalescence device arranged at the rear section, wherein the filter consists of a coarse filter and a fine filter, the filtering precision of the coarse filter is 30-50 mu m, and the filtering precision of the fine filter is 5-15 mu m.
The device and the method provided by the invention adopt a mode of air floatation and coalescence, and the oil-water separator is arranged in front, the tar and the coke powder are treated by the air floatation equipment to reach a certain index, and then the residual tar and the coke powder are further removed finely by the filter and the coalescer, so as to reach the control index. Because of the air floatation operation, most of tar and coke powder are removed, so that the filter and the coalescer can run for a long period.
In addition, the invention adopts coalescence equipment to realize deep coalescence of process water, and can achieve better water quality index; the equipment of the invention is pressurized operation equipment, and is substantially different from the wastewater treatment process (the equipment is normal pressure equipment) which generally adopts an oil separation tank and an air floatation tank.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a water purification device for a light hydrocarbon cracking process provided by the invention.
Description of reference numerals: an oil-water separator 1; a liquid collecting bag 11; an air floatation device 2; a reflux pump 21; a coalescing means 3.
Detailed Description
Some specific embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below, by way of example and not by way of limitation, with reference to the accompanying drawings. The same reference numbers in the drawings identify the same or similar elements or components. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Before entering the equipment related to the invention, the process water from the quenching water tower has large granular coke powder and partial tar removed, the indexes are that the content of free oil is 100-5000ppmwt, and the content of coke powder is 30-100 ppmwt.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides a water purification device for a light hydrocarbon cracking process, which comprises an oil-water separator 1, an air flotation device 2 and a coalescence device 3 which are connected in series in sequence. The oil-water separator 1 can primarily settle and separate fuel oil with lower density than water and tar heavier than water in the process water. The settled process water enters the air floatation device 2 to remove most of coke powder and free oil in a floating way. Finally, the free oil is deeply coalesced by the coalescence equipment 3 to meet the index requirements of process water and discharged wastewater. Wherein:
the oil-water separator 1 is of a horizontal storage tank structure, and the upper part and the lower part of the oil-water separator are provided with liquid collecting bags 11 for removing light oil and heavy oil. The way of injecting the pyrolysis gasoline or lighter oil products can be adopted to extract the light oil carried or dissolved in the process water, increase the surface tension of the oil and improve the separation effect of the oil-water separator 1. The injection amount of the pyrolysis gasoline or other oil products is 0.05-5 wt% of the process water amount, and the content of aromatic hydrocarbon substances such as benzene is more than 10 wt%. Through the sedimentation treatment of the oil-water separator 1, the content of free oil in the process water can be controlled at 100-3000 ppmwt.
The air floatation equipment 2 is pressure equipment, the operating pressure is 0.03-1.8 MPaG, and the pressure can be stabilized through cracked gas or clean natural gas in the device; a partial reflux dissolved air flotation structure is adopted, and the weight ratio of the reflux amount of a reflux pump 21 to the process water flow is 0.1-0.9; the dissolved gas is cracked gas or clean natural gas in the device. In order to ensure the air floatation effect, a demulsifier injection system can be configured. After air floatation, the content of free oil in the process water is controlled to be 20-200ppmwt, and the content of coke powder is 10-50 ppmwt.
The coalescence equipment 3 is a combination of a filter and a coalescer, the front section of the coalescence equipment 3 is provided with the filter, the filter can be provided with one or two of a coarse filter and a fine filter, or can be provided with an open-standby mode, so as to remove the coke powder with the diameter of more than 5-15 mu m, the rear section of the coalescence equipment 3 is provided with the coalescer, so that the free oil can be controlled below 15ppmwt, and the coke powder with the diameter of more than 20 mu m can be completely removed, so that the coke powder content in the process water is less than 3 ppmwt.
The coalescer has the function that when the continuous water phase containing the dispersed oil passes through the coalescing filter element, the dispersed oil is adsorbed on the coalescing material, and is coalesced, grown, phased and converted into oil drops, and the small oil drops are coalesced into large oil drops, so that gravity settling is easily realized, and the separation of the oil phase and the water phase is realized. Because the aperture of the coalescence filter element is very small (such as 3 μm), the solid phase particles are easy to block the coalescence filter element, and the coalescence filter element can not be regenerated and can only be replaced, so the cost is high. Therefore, a filter is provided before the coalescer. The filter selects a filter element or a filter screen with a corresponding mesh number according to the physical properties of solid-phase particles in a water phase, intercepts particles with a certain particle size, can slow down the blockage of a coalescence filter element, and prolongs the operation period. And the filter cost is lower, and the frequency of replacing the coalescence filter element can be reduced by periodically replacing the filter, so that the running cost is reduced.
The water purification method for the light hydrocarbon cracking process provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
the process water from the quenching water tower is removed with large particle coke powder and part of tar and enters an oil-water separator 1, cracked gasoline (containing 30 wt% of benzene) is injected into an inlet pipeline of the oil-water separator 1 to extract light oil carried or dissolved in the process water, the injection amount of the cracked gasoline is 0.05-5 wt% of the process water amount, the surface tension of the oil can be increased, and the separation effect of the oil-water separator 1 can be improved. The upper part and the lower part of the oil-water separator 1 are provided with liquid collecting bags 11 and interface meters, and settled light oil and heavy oil are discharged from the liquid collecting bags 11. After settling separation, the content of free oil in the process water is controlled at 100-3000 ppmwt.
The process water after sedimentation separation enters the air floatation device 2. The air flotation operating pressure is 0.9MPaG, and pyrolysis gas is pumped out from the four-section outlet of the pyrolysis gas compressor to stabilize the pressure and is used as dissolved gas; the reflux quantity of the reflux pump 21 and the flow rate of the process water are 0.1-0.9 (preferably 0.3) by adopting a partial reflux dissolved air floatation mode. And (3) determining the injection amount of the demulsifier according to the air flotation effect, and controlling the free oil content in the process water to be 20-200ppmwt (preferably 80-120ppmwt) and the coke powder content to be 10-50ppmwt (preferably 15-25ppmwt) after air flotation.
After most of tar and coke powder are removed by air floatation, the process water enters a coalescence device for treatment. The process water firstly enters a filter element type filter, the filter is provided with a coarse filter and a fine filter, the filtering precision of the coarse filter is 30-50 mu m, and the filtering precision of the fine filter is 5-15 mu m. The removal of a majority of the 10-20 μm particles can extend the operating cycle of the coalescer. Finally, free oil in the process water can be controlled below 15ppmwt through a coalescer, coke powder above 20 μm is completely removed, and the coke powder content is less than 3 ppmwt.
The foregoing description is intended to be illustrative rather than limiting, and it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that many modifications, variations or equivalents may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device is used for purifying process water from a quenching water tower, and is characterized by comprising the following components in series in sequence:
an oil-water separator for preliminarily removing light oil and heavy oil;
the air floatation equipment is used for removing most of coke powder and free oil;
and the coalescence equipment is used for further removing coke powder and free oil.
2. The light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device of claim 1, wherein: the oil-water separator is of a horizontal storage tank structure, and the upper part and the lower part of the oil-water separator are respectively provided with a liquid collecting bag.
3. The light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device of claim 1, wherein: pyrolysis gasoline is also injected into the oil-water separator, and the injection amount of the pyrolysis gasoline is 0.05-5 wt% of the process water amount.
4. The light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device of claim 1, wherein: the air floatation equipment is pressure equipment, and the operating pressure is 0.03-1.8 MPaG.
5. The light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device of claim 1, wherein: the air floatation equipment adopts a partial reflux dissolved air floatation structure, and the weight ratio of the reflux amount of a reflux pump to the process water flow is 0.1-0.9.
6. The light hydrocarbon cracking process water purification device of claim 1, wherein: the coalescence equipment comprises a filter arranged at the front section and a coalescence device arranged at the rear section, wherein the filter consists of a coarse filter and a fine filter, the filtering precision of the coarse filter is 30-50 mu m, and the filtering precision of the fine filter is 5-15 mu m.
7. A purification method for light hydrocarbon cracking process water, wherein large particle coke powder and part of tar are removed from the process water from a quenching water tower, the indexes are that the content of free oil is 100-5000ppmwt, and the content of coke powder is 30-100ppmwt, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the process water enters an oil-water separator, and after sedimentation separation of the oil-water separator, the content of free oil in the process water is controlled at 100-3000 ppmwt;
the process water after sedimentation separation enters air floatation equipment, and after air floatation, the content of free oil in the process water is controlled to be 20-200ppmwt, and the content of coke powder is 10-50 ppmwt;
after most of tar and coke powder are removed by air floatation, the process water enters a coalescence device, free oil in the process water is controlled to be below 15ppmwt, coke powder with the particle size of more than 20 mu m is completely removed, and the coke powder content is less than 3 ppmwt.
8. The method for purifying light hydrocarbon cracking process water according to claim 7, wherein: the inlet pipeline of the oil-water separator is also injected with pyrolysis gasoline to extract light oil carried or dissolved in the process water, and the injection amount of the pyrolysis gasoline is 0.05-5% of the weight of the process water.
9. The method for purifying light hydrocarbon cracking process water according to claim 7, wherein: the air floatation operation pressure of the air floatation equipment is 0.9 MPaG; the air floatation equipment adopts a partial reflux dissolved air floatation mode, and the volume ratio of the reflux quantity of a reflux pump to the process water is 0.3.
10. The method for purifying light hydrocarbon cracking process water according to claim 7, wherein: the coalescence equipment comprises a filter arranged at the front section and a coalescer arranged at the rear section, the filter comprises a coarse filter and a fine filter, the filtration precision of the coarse filter is 30-50 mu m, and the filtration precision of the fine filter is 5-15 mu m.
CN201910840453.8A 2019-09-06 2019-09-06 Water purifying device and method for light hydrocarbon cracking process Pending CN110627237A (en)

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CN201910840453.8A CN110627237A (en) 2019-09-06 2019-09-06 Water purifying device and method for light hydrocarbon cracking process

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114229943A (en) * 2021-12-23 2022-03-25 万华化学集团股份有限公司 Purification treatment process for light hydrocarbon cracking process water

Citations (6)

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CN102949866A (en) * 2011-08-31 2013-03-06 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Oil removal method for petrochemical emulsified process water
CN104593039A (en) * 2015-02-05 2015-05-06 中石化上海工程有限公司 Process for decreasing coking of convection sections of cracking furnaces
CN105439371A (en) * 2014-08-07 2016-03-30 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Oil-containing wastewater pretreatment method
CN106219672A (en) * 2016-09-29 2016-12-14 成都安信德环保设备有限公司 A kind of deoiling method and degreasing unit
CN109734210A (en) * 2019-02-27 2019-05-10 北京兆华仙泉技术开发有限公司 Nitrogen depressurizes shallow-layer flotation and filters coarse separation technique water treatment facilities
CN210855505U (en) * 2019-09-06 2020-06-26 中国寰球工程有限公司 Water purifier for light hydrocarbon cracking process

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102949866A (en) * 2011-08-31 2013-03-06 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Oil removal method for petrochemical emulsified process water
CN105439371A (en) * 2014-08-07 2016-03-30 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Oil-containing wastewater pretreatment method
CN104593039A (en) * 2015-02-05 2015-05-06 中石化上海工程有限公司 Process for decreasing coking of convection sections of cracking furnaces
CN106219672A (en) * 2016-09-29 2016-12-14 成都安信德环保设备有限公司 A kind of deoiling method and degreasing unit
CN109734210A (en) * 2019-02-27 2019-05-10 北京兆华仙泉技术开发有限公司 Nitrogen depressurizes shallow-layer flotation and filters coarse separation technique water treatment facilities
CN210855505U (en) * 2019-09-06 2020-06-26 中国寰球工程有限公司 Water purifier for light hydrocarbon cracking process

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114229943A (en) * 2021-12-23 2022-03-25 万华化学集团股份有限公司 Purification treatment process for light hydrocarbon cracking process water

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