CN110626961A

CN110626961A - Small hoisting machine for municipal engineering

Info

Publication number: CN110626961A
Application number: CN201910958570.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 林晓燕; 邱博
Original assignee: 邱博
Current assignee: Chen Zhizui
Priority date: 2018-12-21
Filing date: 2018-12-21
Publication date: 2019-12-31
Anticipated expiration: 2038-12-21
Also published as: CN109319669B; CN109319669A; CN110803634B; CN110626961B; CN110803634A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hoisting machines, and particularly relates to a small hoisting machine for municipal engineering, which comprises a first winding wheel, a heavy base, a vertical support, a transverse support, a fixed pulley fixedly arranged on the upper surface of one end of the transverse support, a first steel wire rope, a second steel wire rope, a swinging plate and the like, wherein the reciprocating swing of the swinging plate enables an input gear to rotate in a reciprocating manner, the input gear serves as a power source of a one-way transmission mechanism, the output gear can always output power in a single rotation direction, the output gear drives the second winding wheel to wind the second steel wire rope through a second rotating shaft, and the second steel wire rope lifts a heavy object. After the input gear does not input power any more, the one-way transmission mechanism can automatically self-lock, thereby ensuring the safety of the small hoisting machine in hoisting heavy objects. The invention has simple structure and better use effect.

Description

Small hoisting machine for municipal engineering

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of hoisting machines, and particularly relates to a small hoisting machine for municipal engineering.

Background

In municipal works in cities at present, a small hoisting machine is often used for carrying or loading and unloading small heavy objects which are difficult to carry by manpower. The small hoisting machine mainly hoists the small heavy objects through the motor drive, but the small hoisting machine driven by the motor cannot be used in a municipal area without power supply, and the small hoisting machine driven by manpower is very suitable. For common manual small hoisting machines, many of the small hoisting machines are hoisted by the telescopic principle of the hydraulic telescopic rod, but the cost of the hydraulic telescopic rod is higher. In order to reduce the cost of the small manpower hoisting machine and achieve the effect of saving labor, the small manpower hoisting machine with simple structure and low price is needed.

The invention designs a small hoisting machine for municipal engineering to solve the problems.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention discloses a small hoisting machine for municipal engineering, which is realized by adopting the following technical scheme.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inside", "below", "upper" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention usually place when using, and are only used for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements indicated must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation or be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

The utility model provides a little hoisting machine that municipal works used which characterized in that: the device comprises a first winding wheel, a heavy base, a first supporting plate arranged on the upper surface of the heavy base, a vertical support arranged on the upper surface of the heavy base, two first fixing plates symmetrically arranged at one end of the vertical support, which is far away from the heavy base, a transverse support, a fixed pulley fixedly arranged on the upper surface of one end of the transverse support, a first steel wire rope, a second steel wire rope, a first sliding block symmetrically provided with two first guide blocks, a first rotating shaft, a driving wheel, a swinging plate arranged on the outer circular surface of the driving wheel, a plate spring, a second rotating shaft, a second winding wheel, a rocker and a first spring, wherein the first winding wheel is arranged on the first supporting plate through a shaft and is provided with a winding groove; the rocker is installed on the side of first winding wheel far away from first backup pad.

The two first fixing plates have the same structure and are mounted, and for any one of the two first fixing plates: a first through sliding groove is formed in the first fixing plate, and two first guide grooves are symmetrically formed in the upper groove surface and the lower groove surface of the first sliding groove; the first sliding block is arranged in the first sliding groove in a sliding fit mode; the two first guide blocks on the first sliding block are respectively arranged in the two first guide grooves in a sliding fit mode; one ends of the two first springs are respectively arranged on the two first guide blocks, and the other ends of the two first springs are respectively arranged on the groove surfaces of the two first guide grooves; the two first springs are respectively positioned in the two first guide grooves.

The first rotating shafts are arranged in circular holes of the first sliding blocks of the two first fixing plates through bearings, and one ends of the first rotating shafts penetrate through the corresponding first sliding blocks; the driving wheel is arranged on the first rotating shaft and is positioned between the two first fixing plates; the second rotating shaft is arranged in the circular holes of the two first fixing plates through bearings, and one end of the second rotating shaft penetrates through the corresponding first fixing plates; the second winding wheel is arranged on the second rotating shaft and is positioned between the two first fixing plates; the second winding wheel is provided with a winding groove; the one-way transmission mechanism is installed between the two first fixing plates, one end of the one-way transmission mechanism is connected with the first rotating shaft, and the other end of the one-way transmission mechanism is connected with the second rotating shaft.

One end of the plate spring is arranged on the swinging plate, and the other end of the plate spring is arranged on the side surface of the vertical bracket; one end of the first steel wire rope is fixedly connected with one end, far away from the driving wheel, of the swinging plate, and the other end of the first steel wire rope is wound in the winding groove of the first winding wheel.

One end of the transverse bracket, which is far away from the fixed pulley, is fixedly arranged on the side surface of one end of the vertical bracket, which is far away from the heavy base; the transverse bracket deviates from the swinging plate; one end of the second steel wire rope is wound in the winding groove of the second winding wheel, and the other end of the second steel wire rope passes through the fixed pulley and is in a natural sagging state.

The unlocking mechanism is arranged on the side surface of one end of the vertical support far away from the heavy base; the unlocking mechanism is connected with one end of the first rotating shaft, which penetrates out of the corresponding first sliding block; the unlocking mechanism is connected with one end of the second rotating shaft penetrating out of the corresponding first fixing plate.

The adjusting mechanism is arranged on the side surface of the vertical bracket; the side surface of the vertical support where the adjusting mechanism is located and the side surface of the vertical support where the unlocking mechanism is located are the same side surface; one end of the adjusting mechanism is connected with the unlocking mechanism.

The one-way transmission mechanism comprises an input gear, a gearwheel, an A guide rail, an A spring, an A slide block, an output gear, a first pinion, a B guide rail, a B spring, a B slide block, an A fixing plate, a B fixing plate and a second pinion, wherein the A guide rail is arranged on the side surface of one first fixing plate through the A fixing plate; the guide rail B is arranged on the side surface of a first fixing plate through a fixing plate B; the first fixing plate where the fixing plate A is located and the first fixing plate where the fixing plate B is located are the same first fixing plate; the guide rail A and the guide rail B are positioned between the two first fixing plates; the input gear is arranged on the first rotating shaft; the output gear is arranged on the second rotating shaft; the A sliding block is arranged in the A guide rail in a sliding fit mode; one end of the spring A is arranged on the inner wall surface of the guide rail A, and the other end of the spring A is arranged on the slide block A; the A spring is positioned in the A guide rail; the big gear is arranged on the sliding block A through a shaft and is positioned on the outer side of the guide rail A; the large gear is positioned at the lower side of a connecting line of the circle center of the input gear and the circle center of the output gear; the large gear is respectively matched with the input gear and the output gear; the B sliding block is arranged in the B guide rail in a sliding fit mode; one end of the spring B is arranged on the inner wall surface of the guide rail B, and the other end of the spring B is arranged on the sliding block B; the spring B is positioned in the guide rail B; the first pinion is arranged on the B sliding block through a shaft and is positioned on the outer side of the B guide rail; the second pinion is mounted on the side of a first fixed plate through a shaft; the first pinion and the second pinion are both positioned on the upper side of a connecting line of the circle center of the input gear and the circle center of the output gear; the first pinion is matched with the input gear and the second pinion respectively; the second pinion gear is meshed with the output gear.

The unlocking mechanism comprises a second fixing plate, a second sliding groove, a ring groove, a push-pull ring, a connecting plate, a second supporting plate, a second spring, a telescopic rod, an arc-shaped plate, an arc-shaped braking piece, a friction wheel, a push-pull plate, a second guide block and a second guide groove, wherein the second fixing plate is arranged on the side face of one end of the vertical support far away from the heavy base; the upper surface of the second fixing plate is provided with a through second sliding groove, and two sides of the second sliding groove are symmetrically provided with two second guide grooves.

The upper surface of one end of the push-pull plate is fixedly provided with a connecting plate, and the upper surface of the other end of the push-pull plate is fixedly provided with a second supporting plate; a push-pull ring is fixedly arranged at one end of the connecting plate far away from the push-pull plate; one end of the telescopic rod is arranged on the second supporting plate, and the other end of the telescopic rod is provided with an arc-shaped plate; the second spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, one end of the second spring is arranged on the second supporting plate, and the other end of the second spring is arranged on the arc-shaped plate; an arc brake block is arranged on the inner arc surface of the arc plate; two second guide blocks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the push-pull plate.

The push-pull plate is arranged in a second sliding groove of the second fixing plate in a sliding fit manner; the two second guide blocks are installed in the two second guide grooves in a sliding fit mode.

The friction wheel is fixedly arranged at one end of the second rotating shaft, which penetrates out of the corresponding first fixing plate; the friction wheel is positioned between the first rotating shaft and the arc-shaped plate; the friction wheel is in friction fit with the arc brake pad.

A ring groove is formed in the outer circular surface of the first rotating shaft, and the ring groove is close to one end, penetrating out of the first sliding block, of the first rotating shaft; the push-pull ring is sleeved on the annular groove of the first rotating shaft, and the push-pull ring and the first rotating shaft form rotating fit.

One end of the adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected with the push-pull plate.

After the adjusting mechanism is acted by external force, one end of the adjusting mechanism drives the push-pull plate to move towards the direction far away from the friction wheel, and the arc-shaped brake piece generates friction brake on the friction wheel; after the adjusting mechanism is reset, one end of the adjusting mechanism drives the push-pull plate to move towards the direction of the friction wheel for resetting, and the arc-shaped brake piece releases the friction brake on the friction wheel.

As a further improvement of the technology, the adjusting mechanism comprises a swinging bar, a telescopic plate, a first pin, a first limiting block, a rectangular guide cylinder, a second pin and a guide cylinder spring, wherein the middle position of the swinging bar is installed on the side surface of the vertical support through the second pin; the top end of the swinging strip is fixedly provided with a telescopic plate; a first pin is arranged at one end of the telescopic plate far away from the swinging strip; the rectangular guide cylinder is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the vertical support; the side surface of the vertical support where the rectangular guide cylinder is located and the side surface of the vertical support where the second pin is located are the same side surface; the rectangular guide cylinder is close to the bottom end of the swinging strip; the first limiting block is arranged in the rectangular guide cylinder in a sliding fit mode; one end of the guide cylinder spring is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cylinder of the rectangular guide cylinder, and the other end of the guide cylinder spring is arranged on the first limiting block; the guide cylinder spring is positioned in the rectangular guide cylinder; one end of the first limiting block, which is far away from the guide cylinder spring, is provided with an inclined plane; the swing strip is matched with the first limiting block.

One end of the first pin, which is far away from the expansion plate, is fixedly connected with the push-pull plate.

As a further improvement of the technology, the device also comprises two directional wheels and two steering wheels, wherein the two directional wheels are symmetrically arranged at one end of the lower surface of the heavy base, and the two steering wheels are symmetrically arranged at the other end of the lower surface of the heavy base. The design of the directional wheel and the steering wheel can ensure that the small hoisting machine can move on the ground in all directions, thereby being convenient for constructors to use.

As a further improvement of the technology, the steel wire rope further comprises a hook, wherein the hook is installed at one end, which naturally droops, of the second steel wire rope.

As a further improvement of the technology, the outer circular surface of the rocker is provided with a rubber sleeve. The design of rubber sleeve has increased the comfort level when constructor rotates the rocker.

As a further improvement of the technology, the outer circular surface of the rubber sleeve is provided with anti-skid grains. The design of the anti-slip lines can enable constructors to hold the rubber sleeve more fully and effectively.

As a further improvement of the technology, the arc brake pad is made of wear-resistant rubber.

As a further improvement of the technology, a connecting line of the circle center of the first pinion and the circle center of the input gear is vertical to the guide rail B; the connecting line of the circle center of the big gear and the circle center of the input gear is vertical to the guide rail A.

The heavy base needs to be heavy enough, so that the small hoisting machine can not shake when hoisting heavy objects, and the hoisting work safety is ensured. In addition, when the small hoisting machine provided by the invention hoists a heavy object, the gravity center of the small hoisting machine is positioned on the vertical support and the heavy object support, so that the small hoisting machine can be ensured not to shake when hoisting the heavy object.

The swinging plate is a force arm, the length of the swinging plate needs to be proper, so that when the swinging plate swings back and forth manually, the driving wheel can easily rotate back and forth, the one-way transmission mechanism can continuously output power, and the second winding wheel winds the second steel wire rope to hoist the heavy object.

For the design of the first guide block and the first sliding block: the first guide block can enable the first sliding block to slide stably in the first sliding groove; in addition, the first guide block can also prevent the first sliding block from being separated from the first sliding groove.

The large gear is respectively matched with the input gear and the output gear; the design that the first pinion is respectively matched with the input gear and the second pinion is as follows: first, when the input gear is engaged with the large gear and the first small gear, respectively, and the one-way transmission mechanism is in a state of being ready for operation, then the first small gear is engaged with the second small gear, and the large gear is engaged with the output gear. Secondly, when the input gear is not meshed with the large gear and the first small gear, the one-way transmission mechanism is in an unlocking state, at the moment, the first small gear is meshed with the second small gear, and the large gear is meshed with the output gear. Thirdly, when the one-way transmission mechanism is in a self-locking state, the output gear has the tendency of clockwise rotation, the input gear is respectively meshed with the large gear and the first small gear, the first small gear is meshed with the second small gear, and the large gear is meshed with the output gear. Fourthly, when the one-way transmission mechanism is in a working state, the input gear rotates clockwise or anticlockwise and is meshed with the large gear and the first small gear respectively.

For the analysis that the one-way transmission mechanism is in the working state: the input gear is respectively meshed with the large gear and the first small gear; on one hand, when the input gear rotates clockwise, under the condition that the input gear stirs the bull gear, the bull gear enables the A sliding block to move towards the A spring direction along the A guide rail, the A spring is compressed, and the bull gear is disengaged from the output gear; under the condition that the input gear dials the first pinion, the first pinion is in a fully meshed state with the input gear and the second pinion respectively; then the input gear drives the output gear to rotate anticlockwise through the first pinion and the second pinion when the input gear rotates clockwise. On the other hand, when the input gear rotates anticlockwise, under the condition that the input gear dials the first pinion, the first pinion enables the B spring to move towards the B spring along the B guide rail, the B spring is compressed, and the first pinion is disengaged from the second pinion; under the condition that the input gear stirs the bull gear, the bull gear is respectively in a fully meshed state with the input gear and the output gear; then, under the condition that the input gear rotates anticlockwise, the input gear drives the output gear to rotate anticlockwise through the large gear. The design that the output gear can only rotate anticlockwise in the working state is to enable the one-way transmission mechanism to always keep output in a single rotating direction. A connecting line of the circle center of the first pinion and the circle center of the input gear is vertical to the guide rail B; the connecting line of the circle center of the large gear and the circle center of the input gear is vertical to the guide rail A; the design can ensure that the large gear is disengaged from the output gear, or the first small gear is disengaged from the second small gear, so that the effect of preventing interference between the gears is achieved.

For the analysis when the unidirectional transmission mechanism is in the self-locking state: when the input gear has no input power, the large gear is respectively meshed with the input gear and the output gear, and the first small gear is respectively meshed with the input gear and the second small gear. When the output gear tends to rotate clockwise, if the output gear rotates clockwise, the output gear drives the first pinion to rotate clockwise through the second pinion, and the output gear drives the bull gear to rotate anticlockwise; under the condition that the second pinion is shifted anticlockwise, the first pinion is respectively in a fully meshed state with the input gear and the second pinion, and the second pinion has a movement trend towards the position between the input gear and the output gear; under the clockwise stirring of the output gear, the bull gear is respectively in a fully meshed state with the input gear and the output gear, and the bull gear has a movement trend between the input gear and the output gear; for the situation that the first pinion rotates clockwise, the bull gear rotates anticlockwise, and the first pinion and the bull gear are both meshed with the input gear, the direction in which the input gear rotates is opposite to the direction in which the input gear rotates due to the bull gear by the first pinion, namely the input gear cannot rotate; the first pinion gear, the second pinion gear, and the large gear are all made to be non-rotatable by the input gear, and the assumption that the output gear is rotated clockwise is not made. In a word, when the output gear has the trend of clockwise rotation, one-way transmission mechanism can auto-lock, guarantees that output gear can not appear clockwise rotation.

Unlock analysis for one-way transfer mechanism: when the input gear is disengaged from the meshing with the first pinion and the bull gear, under the condition of clockwise rotation of the output gear, the output gear drives the first pinion to rotate clockwise through the second pinion, the output gear drives the bull gear to rotate anticlockwise, and the rotation of the bull gear and the rotation of the second pinion do not influence each other, so that the output gear can rotate clockwise.

The design of the guide rail A, the slide block A and the spring A is that the guide rail A is reasonably designed under the condition of the prior art, so that the slide block A and the spring A can not be separated from the guide rail A when the slide block A slides in the guide rail A. The design of the guide rail B, the sliding block B and the spring B is that the guide rail B is reasonably designed under the condition of the prior art, so that the sliding block B and the spring B can not be separated from the guide rail B when the sliding block B slides in the guide rail B.

Description of the unlocking mechanism: the two second guide blocks can enable the push-pull plate to stably slide in the second sliding groove, and the second guide blocks can also prevent the push-pull plate from being separated from the second fixing plate; the two second guide blocks always move along with the push-pull plate. The friction wheel and the arc brake pad are in friction fit with each other: firstly, when the push-pull plate does not move towards the push-pull ring, the telescopic rod is not compressed, the second spring is not compressed, the arc-shaped brake pad is in contact with the friction wheel at the moment, but the arc-shaped brake pad does not generate positive pressure on the friction wheel, and the arc-shaped brake pad basically does not generate a braking effect on the rotation of the friction wheel at the moment; secondly, when the push-pull plate moves towards the direction of the push-pull ring, the push-pull plate drives the second support plate to move towards the direction of the friction wheel, the telescopic rod is compressed, the second spring is compressed, the arc brake piece generates positive pressure on the friction wheel, and at the moment, the arc brake piece can generate a braking effect on the rotation of the friction wheel.

Description of the adjusting mechanism: for the guide cylinder spring, when the guide cylinder spring is not compressed, one end of the first limiting block, which is far away from the guide cylinder spring, is positioned outside the rectangular guide cylinder, and one end of the first limiting block, which is connected with the guide cylinder spring, is positioned in the rectangular guide cylinder, so that when the first limiting block is not extruded, the first limiting block cannot be separated from the rectangular guide cylinder. Swing strip and first stopper matched with design lie in: firstly, when the swing strip is not artificially swung, the swing strip is not in extrusion fit with the inclined surface of the first limiting block, and the first limiting block does not limit the swing strip; secondly, when the swing strip swings to the first limiting block around the second pin, the swing strip extrudes the inclined plane of the first limiting block, one end of the first limiting block with the inclined plane is extruded into the rectangular guide cylinder, and the guide cylinder spring is compressed; thirdly, after the swing strip crosses the first limiting block, under the reset action of the guide cylinder spring, the first limiting block moves fast to reset, and the first limiting block limits the reset swing of the swing strip. The design of expansion plate lies in: in the process that the swing strip swings around the second pin, the end, far away from the swing strip, of the telescopic plate can swing in an arc shape, and in order to guarantee that the telescopic plate can drive the push-pull plate to move linearly through the first pin, the telescopic plate can freely stretch and retract to guarantee that the first pin drives the push-pull plate to move linearly when the swing strip swings.

Compared with the traditional small hoisting machine, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. the hoisting device is simple in structure, can hoist a heavy object easily by hand completely without being driven by a motor, and is very convenient and labor-saving; in addition, the small hoisting machine does not need the assistance of a hydraulic device manually, so that the manufacturing cost of the small hoisting machine is reduced to a certain extent.

2. The one-way transmission mechanism can always output power in a single rotation direction in a working state, and ensures that the input gear can also be used as power input when rotating reversely, so that the waste of manpower can be avoided, and the effect of saving labor is relatively achieved.

3. Under the working condition, once the input gear does not input power any more, the one-way transmission mechanism can automatically self-lock, so that extra actions generated by constructors in order to maintain the heavy object at the required height are avoided, and the operation of the constructors is facilitated.

4. Under the action of the unlocking mechanism, the one-way transmission mechanism can be switched from a self-locking state to an unlocking state, and under the unlocking state of the one-way transmission mechanism, the unlocking mechanism can control the speed of the second winding wheel on the second rotating shaft to release the second steel wire rope, so that a heavy object can be slowly put down, and the purposes of protecting the heavy object and avoiding accidental injury to people are achieved.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic view of the whole of a small sling.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the installation of the first wire rope in front elevation.

Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of the installation of the second wire rope.

Fig. 4 is a schematic front view of the hook installation.

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the installation of the first winding wheel.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the installation of the leaf spring and the first fixing plate.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the mounting of the wobble plate.

Fig. 8 is a perspective schematic view of the first fixing plate.

Fig. 9 is a schematic sectional view of the first slider slidably mounted in the first slide groove.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view of the mounting of the drive wheel and input gear.

Fig. 11 is a schematic view of the installation of the driving wheel and the second winding wheel.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the installation of the a and B rails.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of the mounting of the one-way transmission mechanism.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the mounting structure on the guide rail and the B guide rail.

FIG. 15 is a schematic view of the installation of the A and B sliders.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of the installation of the large gear and the first small gear.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of the installation of the adjustment mechanism.

Fig. 18 is a sectional view showing the installation of the guide spring.

Fig. 19 is a perspective schematic view of a second fixing plate.

Fig. 20 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the push-pull plate sliding in the second sliding groove.

Fig. 21 is a schematic view of the structure mounted on the push-pull plate.

Fig. 22 is an installation schematic of the unlocking mechanism.

Fig. 23 is an operational schematic diagram of the one-way transmission mechanism.

FIG. 24 is a schematic view of the unlocking and self-locking of the one-way transmission mechanism.

Number designation in the figures: 1. a heavy base; 2. a directional wheel; 3. a steering wheel; 4. a first support plate; 5. a first winding wheel; 6. a vertical support; 7. a transverse bracket; 8. a fixed pulley; 9. a first fixing plate; 10. a swinging plate; 12. a plate spring; 13. a one-way transmission mechanism; 14. an unlocking mechanism; 15. an adjustment mechanism; 16. a first wire rope; 17. a second wire rope; 18. hooking; 19. a drive wheel; 20. a second winding wheel; 21. a rocker; 22. a first sliding groove; 23. a first guide groove; 24. a first rotating shaft; 25. a second rotating shaft; 26. a first slider; 27. a first guide block; 28. a first spring; 30. an input gear; 31. a bull gear; 32. a, a guide rail; 33. a, a spring; 34. a, sliding blocks; 35. an output gear; 36. a first pinion gear; 37. b, a guide rail; 38. a spring B; 39. b, sliding blocks; 40. a, fixing a plate; 41. b, fixing a plate; 42. a second pinion gear; 45. a swing bar; 46. a retractable plate; 47. a first pin; 48. a first stopper; 49. a rectangular guide cylinder; 50. a second pin; 51. a guide cylinder spring; 52. a bevel; 55. a second fixing plate; 56. a second sliding groove; 62. a ring groove; 63. a pull ring is pushed; 64. a connecting plate; 68. a second support plate; 69. a second spring; 70. a telescopic rod; 71. an arc-shaped plate; 72. an arc brake pad; 73. a friction wheel; 80. a push-pull plate; 81. a second guide block; 82. a second guide groove.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 5, it comprises a first winding wheel 5, a heavy base 1, as shown in fig. 1 and 5, a first support plate 4 mounted on the upper surface of the heavy base 1, a vertical bracket 6 mounted on the upper surface of the heavy base, as shown in fig. 6, two first fixing plates 9 and a transverse bracket 7 which are symmetrically arranged at one end of the vertical bracket 6 far away from the heavy base 1, as shown in figure 1, a fixed pulley 8, a first steel wire rope 16 and a second steel wire rope 17 which are fixedly arranged on the upper surface of one end of the transverse bracket 7, as shown in figure 10, a first slide block 26 symmetrically provided with two first guide blocks 27, a first rotating shaft 24, a driving wheel 19, as shown in fig. 7, a swing plate 10 mounted on the outer circumferential surface of the driving wheel 19, a plate spring 12, a second rotating shaft 25, a second winding wheel 20, a rocker 21, a first spring 28, as shown in fig. 5, wherein the first winding wheel 5 is arranged on the first supporting plate 4 through a shaft, and the first winding wheel 5 is provided with a winding groove; the rocker 21 is mounted on the side of the first winding wheel 5 remote from the first support plate 4.

As shown in fig. 7, the two first fixing plates 9 have the same structure and the same mounting structure, and for any one of the first fixing plates 9: as shown in fig. 8, a first through sliding groove 22 is formed in the first fixing plate 9, and two first guide grooves 23 are symmetrically formed on the upper and lower groove surfaces of the first sliding groove 22; as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the first slider 26 is mounted in the first sliding groove 22 by means of sliding fit; the two first guide blocks 27 on the first sliding block 26 are respectively installed in the two first guide grooves 23 in a sliding fit manner; one ends of the two first springs 28 are respectively mounted on the two first guide blocks 27, and the other ends are respectively mounted on the groove surfaces of the two first guide grooves 23; two first springs 28 are respectively located in the two first guide grooves 23.

As shown in fig. 10, the first rotating shaft 24 is mounted in circular holes of the first sliding blocks 26 of the two first fixing plates 9 through bearings, and one end of the first rotating shaft 24 penetrates through the corresponding first sliding block 26; the driving wheel 19 is arranged on the first rotating shaft 24, and the driving wheel 19 is positioned between the two first fixing plates 9; as shown in fig. 11, the second rotating shaft 25 is mounted in the circular holes of the two first fixing plates 9 through bearings, and one end of the second rotating shaft 25 penetrates through the corresponding first fixing plate 9; the second winding wheel 20 is installed on the second rotating shaft 25, and the second winding wheel 20 is located between the two first fixing plates 9; the second winding wheel 20 has a winding groove thereon; as shown in fig. 7, the unidirectional flux mechanism 13 is installed between the two first fixing plates 9, and one end of the unidirectional flux mechanism 13 is connected to the first rotating shaft 24 and the other end is connected to the second rotating shaft 25.

As shown in fig. 6 and 7, one end of the plate spring 12 is mounted on the swinging plate 10, and the other end is mounted on the side surface of the vertical bracket 6; as shown in fig. 2, one end of the first wire rope 16 is fixedly connected to one end of the swing plate 10 away from the driving wheel 19, and the other end is wound in the winding groove of the first winding wheel 5.

As shown in fig. 1 and 3, one end of the transverse bracket 7 far away from the fixed pulley 8 is fixedly arranged on the side surface of one end of the vertical bracket 6 far away from the heavy base 1; the transverse bracket 7 deviates from the swinging plate 10; as shown in fig. 3, one end of the second wire rope 17 is wound in the winding groove of the second winding wheel 20, and the other end passes through the fixed sheave 8 and is in a naturally drooping state.

As shown in fig. 1, the unlocking mechanism 14 is installed on the side of one end of the vertical support 6 far away from the heavy base 1; the unlocking mechanism 14 is connected with one end of the first rotating shaft 24 penetrating out of the corresponding first sliding block 26; the unlocking mechanism 14 is connected with one end of the second rotating shaft 25 penetrating out of the corresponding first fixing plate 9.

As shown in fig. 1, the adjusting mechanism 15 is mounted on the side of the vertical support 6; the side surface of the vertical bracket 6 where the adjusting mechanism 15 is located and the side surface of the vertical bracket 6 where the unlocking mechanism 14 is located are the same side surface; one end of the adjusting mechanism 15 is connected to the unlocking mechanism 14.

As shown in fig. 12, 13 and 15, the above-mentioned one-way transmission mechanism 13 includes an input gear 30, a large gear 31, an a guide rail 32, an a spring 33, an a slider 34, an output gear 35, a first pinion 36, a B guide rail 37, a B spring 38, a B slider 39, an a fixing plate 40, a B fixing plate 41, a second pinion 42, as shown in fig. 12, wherein the a guide rail 32 is mounted on a side surface of one first fixing plate 9 through the a fixing plate 40; the B guide rail 37 is mounted on the side of one first fixing plate 9 via a B fixing plate 41; the first fixing plate 9 where the fixing plate a 40 is located and the first fixing plate 9 where the fixing plate B41 is located are the same first fixing plate 9; the a rail 32 and the B rail 37 are located between the two first fixing plates 9; as shown in fig. 13, the input gear 30 is mounted on the first rotating shaft 24; the output gear 35 is mounted on the second rotating shaft 25; as shown in fig. 15, the a slider 34 is mounted in the a rail 32 by a slide fit; one end of the a spring 33 is mounted on the inner wall surface of the a guide rail 32, and the other end is mounted on the a slider 34; the a spring 33 is located in the a rail 32; as shown in fig. 14 and 16, the large gear 31 is mounted on the a slider 34 through a shaft, and the large gear 31 is located outside the a guide rail 32; as shown in fig. 13, the large gear 31 is located at the lower side of the line connecting the circle center of the input gear 30 and the circle center of the output gear 35; the large gear 31 is respectively matched with the input gear 30 and the output gear 35; as shown in fig. 15, the B slider 39 is mounted in the B guide rail 37 by a slide fit; one end of the B spring 38 is mounted on the inner wall surface of the B guide rail 37, and the other end is mounted on the B slider 39; the B spring 38 is located in the B guide rail 37; as shown in fig. 14, 16, the first pinion gear 36 is mounted on the B slider 39 by a shaft, and the first pinion gear 36 is located outside the B rail 37; as shown in fig. 13, the second pinion gear 42 is mounted on the side of one of the first fixing plates 9 via a shaft; the first pinion 36 and the second pinion 42 are both positioned on the upper side of a connecting line of the circle center of the input gear 30 and the circle center of the output gear 35; the first pinion 36 is engaged with the input gear 30 and the second pinion 42, respectively; the second pinion gear 42 is meshed with the output gear 35.

As shown in fig. 21 and 22, the unlocking mechanism 14 includes a second fixing plate 55, a second sliding groove 56, a ring groove 62, a push-pull ring 63, a connecting plate 64, a second supporting plate 68, a second spring 69, a telescopic rod 70, an arc-shaped plate 71, an arc-shaped brake pad 72, a friction wheel 73, a push-pull plate 80, a second guide block 81, and a second guide groove 82, as shown in fig. 17, wherein the second fixing plate 55 is mounted on a side surface of the vertical support 6 away from one end of the heavy base 1; as shown in fig. 19, a second sliding groove 56 is formed on the upper surface of the second fixing plate 55, and two second guide grooves 82 are symmetrically formed on both sides of the second sliding groove 56.

As shown in fig. 21 and 22, the upper surface of one end of the push-pull plate 80 is fixedly provided with the connecting plate 64, and the upper surface of the other end is fixedly provided with the second supporting plate 68; a push-pull ring 63 is fixedly arranged at one end of the connecting plate 64 far away from the push-pull plate 80; one end of the telescopic rod 70 is mounted on the second support plate 68, and the other end is mounted with an arc-shaped plate 71; the second spring 69 is sleeved on the telescopic rod 70, one end of the second spring 69 is arranged on the second supporting plate 68, and the other end of the second spring 69 is arranged on the arc-shaped plate 71; an arc brake block 72 is arranged on the inner arc surface of the arc plate 71; two second guide blocks 81 are symmetrically installed on both sides of the push-pull plate 80.

As shown in fig. 20, the push-pull plate 80 is slidably fitted in the second sliding groove 56 of the second fixing plate 55; the two second guide blocks 81 are installed in the two second guide grooves 82 by means of a sliding fit.

As shown in fig. 21 and 22, the friction wheel 73 is fixedly mounted on one end of the second rotating shaft 25 penetrating out of the corresponding first fixing plate 9; the friction wheel 73 is positioned between the first rotating shaft 24 and the arc-shaped plate 71; friction wheel 73 is in frictional engagement with arcuate brake pad 72.

As shown in fig. 10, a ring groove 62 is formed on the outer circumferential surface of the first rotating shaft 24, and the ring groove 62 is close to one end of the first rotating shaft 24, which penetrates through the corresponding first sliding block 26; as shown in fig. 21 and 22, the push-pull ring 63 is fitted over the annular groove 62 of the first rotating shaft 24, and the push-pull ring 63 is in rotating engagement with the first rotating shaft 24.

One end of the adjusting mechanism 15 is fixedly connected to the push-pull plate 80.

After the adjusting mechanism 15 is acted by an external force, one end of the adjusting mechanism 15 drives the push-pull plate 80 to move in a direction away from the friction wheel 73, and the arc-shaped brake pad 72 generates friction braking on the friction wheel 73; after the adjustment mechanism 15 is reset, one end of the adjustment mechanism 15 drives the push-pull plate 80 to move in the direction of the friction wheel 73 for resetting, and the arc-shaped brake piece 72 releases the friction brake on the friction wheel 73.

As shown in fig. 17 and 18, the adjusting mechanism 15 includes a swing bar 45, a telescopic plate 46, a first pin 47, a first stopper 48, a rectangular guide cylinder 49, a second pin 50, and a guide cylinder spring 51, as shown in fig. 17, wherein the middle position of the swing bar 45 is mounted on the side surface of the vertical bracket 6 through the second pin 50; the top end of the swinging strip 45 is fixedly provided with a telescopic plate 46; as shown in fig. 17 and 21, a first pin 47 is mounted at one end of the telescopic plate 46 far away from the swing bar 45; as shown in fig. 17, a rectangular guide cylinder 49 is fixedly installed on the side surface of the vertical support 6; the side surface of the vertical bracket 6 where the rectangular guide cylinder 49 is located and the side surface of the vertical bracket 6 where the second pin 50 is located are the same side surface; the rectangular guide cylinder 49 is close to the bottom end of the swinging bar 45; as shown in fig. 18, the first stopper 48 is mounted in the rectangular guide tube 49 by a sliding fit; one end of the guide cylinder spring 51 is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cylinder of the rectangular guide cylinder 49, and the other end is arranged on the first limiting block 48; the guide cylinder spring 51 is positioned in the rectangular guide cylinder 49; one end of the first limiting block 48, which is far away from the guide cylinder spring 51, is provided with an inclined surface 52; as shown in fig. 17, the swing bar 45 is engaged with the first stopper 48.

As shown in fig. 21 and 22, the end of the first pin 47 remote from the expansion plate 46 is fixedly connected to the push-pull plate 80.

As shown in fig. 1, it further comprises two directional wheels 2 and two steering wheels 3, wherein two directional wheels 2 are symmetrically installed at one end of the lower surface of the heavy base 1, and two steering wheels 3 are symmetrically installed at the other end. The design of the directional wheel 2 and the steering wheel 3 can ensure that the small hoisting machine can move on the ground in all directions, thereby being convenient for constructors to use.

As shown in fig. 4, it further includes a hook 18, wherein the second wire rope 17 is provided with the hook 18 at its naturally drooping end.

The outer circle surface of the rocker 21 is provided with a rubber sleeve. The design of the rubber sleeve increases the comfort level of the constructor when rotating the rocker 21.

The outer circle surface of the rubber sleeve is provided with anti-skid grains. The design of the anti-slip lines can enable constructors to hold the rubber sleeve more fully and effectively.

The arc brake pad 72 is made of wear-resistant rubber.

As shown in fig. 13, the line connecting the center of the first pinion 36 and the center of the input gear 30 is perpendicular to the B rail 37; the connecting line of the circle center of the large gear 31 and the circle center of the input gear 30 is vertical to the A guide rail 32.

The large gear 31 is respectively matched with the input gear 30 and the output gear 35; the first pinion 36 is designed to be engaged with the input gear 30 and the second pinion 42, respectively, in that: first, when the input gear 30 is engaged with the large gear 31 and the first small gear 36, respectively, and the one-way transmission mechanism 13 is in a ready-to-operate state, then the first small gear 36 is engaged with the second small gear 42, and the large gear 31 is engaged with the output gear 35. Second, when neither the input gear 30 is engaged with the large gear 31 or the first small gear 36, the unidirectional flux mechanism 13 is in the unlocked state, in which the first small gear 36 is engaged with the second small gear 42 and the large gear 31 is engaged with the output gear 35. Thirdly, when the unidirectional transmission mechanism 13 is in the self-locking state, the output gear 35 tends to rotate clockwise, the input gear 30 is meshed with the large gear 31 and the first small gear 36 respectively, the first small gear 36 is meshed with the second small gear 42, and the large gear 31 is meshed with the output gear 35. Fourth, when the unidirectional flux mechanism 13 is in the operating state, the input gear 30 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise, and the input gear 30 meshes with the large gear 31 and the first small gear 36, respectively.

For the analysis that the one-way transmission mechanism 13 is in the operating state: the input gear 30 is respectively meshed with the large gear 31 and the first small gear 36; as shown in fig. 23 (b), on the one hand, when the input gear 30 rotates clockwise, in the case that the input gear 30 dials the large gear 31, the large gear 31 causes the a slider 34 to move along the a rail 32 toward the a spring 33, the a spring 33 is compressed, and the large gear 31 is disengaged from the output gear 35; in the case where the input gear 30 dials the first pinion gear 36, the first pinion gear 36 is in a state of being sufficiently meshed with the input gear 30 and the second pinion gear 42, respectively; then the input gear 30 rotates clockwise, and the input gear 30 drives the output gear 35 to rotate counterclockwise via the first pinion 36 and the second pinion 42. As shown in fig. 23 (a), on the other hand, when the input gear 30 rotates counterclockwise, in the case where the input gear 30 dials the first pinion 36, the first pinion 36 causes the B spring 38 to move in the B spring 38 direction along the B rail 37, the B spring 38 is compressed, and the first pinion 36 is disengaged from the second pinion 42; when the input gear 30 pulls the large gear 31, the large gear 31 is in a fully meshed state with the input gear 30 and the output gear 35 respectively; then the input gear 30 drives the output gear 35 via the large gear 31 to rotate counterclockwise when the input gear 30 rotates counterclockwise. The reason why the output gear 35 can rotate only counterclockwise in the operating state is to keep the output of the unidirectional transmission mechanism 13 in a single rotational direction at all times. The line connecting the center of the first pinion 36 and the center of the input gear 30 is perpendicular to the B rail 37; the connecting line of the circle center of the large gear 31 and the circle center of the input gear 30 is vertical to the A guide rail 32; such a design can ensure that the large gear 31 is disengaged from the output gear 35, or the first small gear 36 is disengaged from the second small gear 42, which serves to prevent interference between the gears.

For the analysis when the unidirectional transmission mechanism 13 is in the self-locking state: as shown in fig. 24 (a), when the input gear 30 does not input power, the large gear 31 meshes with the input gear 30 and the output gear 35, and the first small gear 36 meshes with the input gear 30 and the second small gear 42. When the output gear 35 tends to rotate clockwise, if the output gear 35 rotates clockwise, the output gear 35 drives the first small gear 36 to rotate clockwise via the second small gear 42, and the output gear 35 drives the large gear 31 to rotate counterclockwise; under the condition that the second pinion gear 42 is dialed anticlockwise, the first pinion gear 36 is in a fully meshed state with the input gear 30 and the second pinion gear 42 respectively, and the second pinion gear 42 has a movement trend towards the position between the input gear 30 and the output gear 35; under the clockwise stirring of the output gear 35, the large gear 31 is respectively in a fully meshed state with the input gear 30 and the output gear 35, and the large gear 31 has a movement trend between the input gear 30 and the output gear 35; for the case that the first small gear 36 rotates clockwise, the large gear 31 rotates counterclockwise, and both the first small gear 36 and the large gear 31 are engaged with the input gear 30, the direction in which the first small gear 36 rotates the input gear 30 is exactly opposite to the direction in which the large gear 31 rotates the input gear 30, that is, the input gear 30 cannot rotate; the assumption that the input gear 30 is not rotatable, that is, the first small gear 36, the second small gear 42, and the large gear 31 are not rotatable, and that the output gear 35 is rotated clockwise is not satisfied. In a word, when the output gear 35 tends to rotate clockwise, the one-way transmission mechanism 13 can be self-locked, and the output gear 35 is ensured not to rotate clockwise.

For the unlocking analysis of the unidirectional transfer mechanism 13: as shown in fig. 24 (b), when the input gear 30 is disengaged from the first small gear 36 and the large gear 31, and the output gear 35 rotates clockwise, the output gear 35 drives the first small gear 36 to rotate clockwise via the second small gear 42, the output gear 35 drives the large gear 31 to rotate counterclockwise, and the rotation of the large gear 31 and the rotation of the second small gear 42 do not affect each other, so that the output gear 35 can rotate clockwise.

The working process of the invention is as follows: when the hoisting machine is not used for hoisting, the plate spring 12 is in an artificially uncompressed state, and one end of the swinging plate 10, which is far away from the driving wheel 19, is positioned on the upper side of the first fixing plate 9; the first spring 28 is not compressed, the position of the first slide block 26 enables the input gear 30 on the first rotating shaft 24 to be meshed with the large gear 31 and the first small gear 36 respectively, the large gear 31 is meshed with the output gear 35, the second small gear 42 is meshed with the first small gear 36 and the output gear 35 respectively, and the A spring 33 and the B spring 38 are not compressed by external force; no weight is hung on the hook 18. As shown in fig. 17, the swing strip 45 is in a vertical state, as shown in fig. 17, the swing strip 45 is not in press fit with the inclined surface 52 of the first stopper 48, and the first stopper 48 does not limit the swing strip 45. As shown in fig. 22, the push-pull plate 80 is not moved toward the push-pull ring 63, the telescopic rod 70 is not compressed, the second spring 69 is not compressed, the arc-shaped brake pad 72 is in contact with the friction wheel 73, but the arc-shaped brake pad 72 does not generate positive pressure on the friction wheel 73, and the arc-shaped brake pad 72 does not substantially generate braking effect on the rotation of the friction wheel 73.

The process of hoisting and lifting the weight: a weight to be hoisted is hung on the hook 18; the constructor shakes the rocker 21, as shown in fig. 2, so that the first winding wheel 5 winds the first steel wire rope 16, the first steel wire rope 16 pulls the swing plate 10 to swing downwards, the plate spring 12 is compressed, and the swing plate 10 drives the driving wheel 19 to rotate anticlockwise; when the swinging plate 10 swings downwards to the limit, a constructor releases the rocker 21, under the reset action of the plate spring 12, the swinging plate 10 swings upwards to reset, and the swinging plate 10 drives the driving wheel 19 to rotate clockwise; the constructor can make the swinging plate 10 swing up and down in a reciprocating way by intermittently swinging the rocker 21, and then the driving wheel 19 can rotate in a reciprocating way. The driving wheel 19 drives the input gear 30 to rotate back and forth via the first rotating shaft 24. Under the reciprocating rotation of the input gear 30, the one-way transmission mechanism 13 can always maintain the output of the output gear 35 in a single rotational direction, that is, the output gear 35 rotates counterclockwise. The output gear 35 drives the second rotating shaft 25 to rotate counterclockwise, the second rotating shaft 25 drives the second winding wheel 20 to rotate counterclockwise to wind the second steel wire rope 17, and then the second steel wire rope 17 slowly lifts the heavy object through the hook 18.

When the heavy object is lifted to a required position and needs to be maintained to a position with a required height, the one-way transmission mechanism 13 performs a self-locking process: after the plate spring 12 is reset, the swinging plate 10 does not swing back and forth any more, and the driving wheel 19 does not drive the input gear 30 to rotate back and forth through the first rotating shaft 24 any more; under the reset action of the A spring 33, the A slide block 34 enables the large gear 31 to move and reset, and the large gear 31 is respectively meshed with the input gear 30 and the output gear; under the reset action of the B spring 38, the B slider 39 moves and resets the first pinion 36, and the first pinion 36 is engaged with the input gear 30 and the second pinion 42, respectively. Since the input gear 30 no longer inputs power, the output gear 35 no longer outputs power, and thus the weight causes the second winding wheel 20 to have a tendency to release the second wire rope 17 through the hook 18 and the second wire rope 17 under the gravity of the weight, and the second winding wheel 20 causes the output gear 35 to have a tendency to rotate clockwise through the second rotating shaft 25. Because the input gear 30 has no input power, the large gear 31 is respectively meshed with the input gear 30 and the output gear 35, and when the first small gear 36 is respectively meshed with the input gear 30 and the second small gear 42, the output gear 35 has a tendency of clockwise rotation, the one-way transmission mechanism 13 can automatically self-lock, so that the output gear 35 cannot rotate clockwise, the second winding wheel 20 cannot release the second steel wire rope 17, and finally the heavy object can be maintained at a position with a required height.

When the weight needs to be slowly put down, the process that the weight is slowly put down is as follows: the constructor swings the swing bar 45 rapidly towards the direction of the first limit block 48, the swing bar 45 swings rapidly towards the direction of the first limit block 48 around the second pin 50, the swing bar 45 presses the inclined surface 52 of the first limit block 48, one end of the first limit block 48 with the inclined surface 52 is pressed into the rectangular guide cylinder 49, and the guide cylinder spring 51 is compressed; after the swing strip 45 crosses the first limiting block 48, under the reset action of the guide spring 51, the first limiting block 48 moves fast to reset, and the first limiting block 48 limits the reset swing of the swing strip 45. In the process that the swing bar 45 swings to be limited by the first limiting block 48, the swing bar 45 drives the push-pull plate 80 to move towards the push-pull ring 63 through the expansion plate 46 and the first pin 47, as shown in fig. 22, the push-pull plate 80 drives the second supporting plate 68 to move towards the friction wheel 73, the expansion rod 70 is compressed, the second spring 69 is compressed, the arc-shaped brake pad 72 generates positive pressure on the friction wheel 73, and at the same time, the arc-shaped brake pad 72 generates braking effect on the rotation of the friction wheel 73. Since the return swing of the swing bar 45 is limited by the first limiting block 48, the push-pull plate 80 is maintained at the position moved by the first pin 47, so that the position of the second support plate 68 is locked, and the telescopic rod 70 and the second spring 69 can be maintained compressed, thereby achieving the purpose that the arc-shaped brake piece 72 continuously brakes the rotation of the friction wheel 73. In the process that the first pin 47 drives the push-pull plate 80 to move towards the push-pull ring 63, the push-pull plate 80 drives the first rotating shaft 24 to move towards the direction away from the second rotating shaft 25 through the connecting plate 64 and the push-pull ring 63, as shown in fig. 9, the first sliding block 26 moves towards the direction away from the second rotating shaft 25, the first guide block 27 moves along with the first sliding block 26, and the first spring 28 is compressed; the first rotating shaft 24 moves in the direction away from the second rotating shaft 25, so that the input gear 30 on the first rotating shaft 24 is disengaged from the first small gear 36 and the large gear 31, the one-way transmission mechanism 13 is unlocked, the output gear 35 can rotate clockwise, the output gear 35 drives the second winding wheel 20 to rotate clockwise through the second rotating shaft 25 to release the second steel wire rope 17, and then the heavy object is put down. Since the arc-shaped brake block 72 continuously brakes the rotation of the friction wheel 73, the friction wheel 73 slowly rotates, the second rotating shaft 25 slowly rotates clockwise, and the second winding wheel 20 slowly rotates clockwise, so that the second winding wheel 20 is ensured to slowly release the second steel wire rope 17, and finally the heavy object is slowly put down, so that the impact damage to the heavy object caused by the excessively fast putting down of the heavy object is prevented, and the accidental injury of surrounding constructors caused by the excessively fast putting down of the heavy object is also prevented.

When the heavy object is lifted up and put down to a required position, a constructor presses the first limiting block 48 into the rectangular guide cylinder 49, and the first limiting block 48 relieves the limitation on the swinging strip 45; the constructor swings the swing bar 45 to a vertical original state; the swing bar 45 in the vertical state enables the push-pull plate 80 to move and reset through the expansion plate 46 and the first pin 47, the connecting plate 64 and the push-pull ring 63 on the push-pull plate 80 enable the input gear 30 on the first rotating shaft 24 to be respectively meshed with the first small gear 36 and the large gear 31 again, and the first spring 28 is in an uncompressed state again; after the second spring 69 is moved and reset, the telescopic rod 70 is restored to the original state.

Because the speed of putting down the heavy object is completely determined by different effects when braking between the friction wheel 73 and the arc-shaped brake block 72, the small hoisting machine of the invention has certain requirements on the weight range of the heavy object during hoisting operation, thereby ensuring that the speed of putting down the heavy object can be slower and the safety when hoisting the heavy object.

In conclusion, the invention has the main beneficial effects that: under the action of the unlocking mechanism, the unidirectional transmission mechanism can realize the switching between self-locking and unlocking, and the unlocking mechanism can also enable a heavy object to be slowly put down; particularly, when the one-way transmission mechanism is in a working state, the output gear can always output power in a single rotating direction, the output gear drives the second winding wheel to wind the second steel wire rope through the second rotating shaft, and the second steel wire rope lifts the heavy object. After the input gear does not input power any more, the one-way transmission mechanism can automatically self-lock, thereby ensuring the safety of the small hoisting machine in hoisting heavy objects. The invention has simple structure and better use effect.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a little hoisting machine that municipal works used which characterized in that: the device comprises a first winding wheel, a heavy base, a first supporting plate arranged on the upper surface of the heavy base, a vertical support arranged on the upper surface of the heavy base, two first fixing plates symmetrically arranged at one end of the vertical support, which is far away from the heavy base, a transverse support, a fixed pulley fixedly arranged on the upper surface of one end of the transverse support, a first steel wire rope, a second steel wire rope, a first sliding block symmetrically provided with two first guide blocks, a first rotating shaft, a driving wheel, a swinging plate arranged on the outer circular surface of the driving wheel, a plate spring, a second rotating shaft, a second winding wheel, a rocker and a first spring, wherein the first winding wheel is arranged on the first supporting plate through a shaft and is provided with a winding groove; the rocker is arranged on the side surface of the first winding wheel far away from the first supporting plate;

the two first fixing plates have the same structure and are mounted, and for any one of the two first fixing plates: a first through sliding groove is formed in the first fixing plate, and two first guide grooves are symmetrically formed in the upper groove surface and the lower groove surface of the first sliding groove; the first sliding block is arranged in the first sliding groove in a sliding fit mode; the two first guide blocks on the first sliding block are respectively arranged in the two first guide grooves in a sliding fit mode; one ends of the two first springs are respectively arranged on the two first guide blocks, and the other ends of the two first springs are respectively arranged on the groove surfaces of the two first guide grooves; the two first springs are respectively positioned in the two first guide grooves;

the first rotating shafts are arranged in circular holes of the first sliding blocks of the two first fixing plates through bearings, and one ends of the first rotating shafts penetrate through the corresponding first sliding blocks; the driving wheel is arranged on the first rotating shaft and is positioned between the two first fixing plates; the second rotating shaft is arranged in the circular holes of the two first fixing plates through bearings, and one end of the second rotating shaft penetrates through the corresponding first fixing plates; the second winding wheel is arranged on the second rotating shaft and is positioned between the two first fixing plates; the second winding wheel is provided with a winding groove; the one-way transmission mechanism is arranged between the two first fixing plates, one end of the one-way transmission mechanism is connected with the first rotating shaft, and the other end of the one-way transmission mechanism is connected with the second rotating shaft;

one end of the plate spring is arranged on the swinging plate, and the other end of the plate spring is arranged on the side surface of the vertical bracket; one end of the first steel wire rope is fixedly connected with one end of the swinging plate far away from the driving wheel, and the other end of the first steel wire rope is wound in the winding groove of the first winding wheel;

one end of the transverse bracket, which is far away from the fixed pulley, is fixedly arranged on the side surface of one end of the vertical bracket, which is far away from the heavy base; the transverse bracket deviates from the swinging plate; one end of the second steel wire rope is wound in the winding groove of the second winding wheel, and the other end of the second steel wire rope passes through the fixed pulley and is in a natural sagging state;

the unlocking mechanism is arranged on the side surface of one end of the vertical support far away from the heavy base; the unlocking mechanism is connected with one end of the first rotating shaft, which penetrates out of the corresponding first sliding block; the unlocking mechanism is connected with one end of the second rotating shaft, which penetrates out of the corresponding first fixing plate;

the adjusting mechanism is arranged on the side surface of the vertical bracket; the side surface of the vertical support where the adjusting mechanism is located and the side surface of the vertical support where the unlocking mechanism is located are the same side surface; one end of the adjusting mechanism is connected with the unlocking mechanism;

the one-way transmission mechanism comprises an input gear, a gearwheel, an A guide rail, an A spring, an A slide block, an output gear, a first pinion, a B guide rail, a B spring, a B slide block, an A fixing plate, a B fixing plate and a second pinion, wherein the A guide rail is arranged on the side surface of one first fixing plate through the A fixing plate; the guide rail B is arranged on the side surface of a first fixing plate through a fixing plate B; the first fixing plate where the fixing plate A is located and the first fixing plate where the fixing plate B is located are the same first fixing plate; the guide rail A and the guide rail B are positioned between the two first fixing plates; the input gear is arranged on the first rotating shaft; the output gear is arranged on the second rotating shaft; the A sliding block is arranged in the A guide rail in a sliding fit mode; one end of the spring A is arranged on the inner wall surface of the guide rail A, and the other end of the spring A is arranged on the slide block A; the A spring is positioned in the A guide rail; the big gear is arranged on the sliding block A through a shaft and is positioned on the outer side of the guide rail A; the large gear is positioned at the lower side of a connecting line of the circle center of the input gear and the circle center of the output gear; the large gear is respectively matched with the input gear and the output gear; the B sliding block is arranged in the B guide rail in a sliding fit mode; one end of the spring B is arranged on the inner wall surface of the guide rail B, and the other end of the spring B is arranged on the sliding block B; the spring B is positioned in the guide rail B; the first pinion is arranged on the B sliding block through a shaft and is positioned on the outer side of the B guide rail; the second pinion is mounted on the side of a first fixed plate through a shaft; the first pinion and the second pinion are both positioned on the upper side of a connecting line of the circle center of the input gear and the circle center of the output gear; the first pinion is matched with the input gear and the second pinion respectively; the second pinion is meshed with the output gear;

the unlocking mechanism comprises a second fixing plate, a second sliding groove, a ring groove, a push-pull ring, a connecting plate, a second supporting plate, a second spring, a telescopic rod, an arc-shaped plate, an arc-shaped braking piece, a friction wheel, a push-pull plate, a second guide block and a second guide groove, wherein the second fixing plate is arranged on the side face of one end of the vertical support far away from the heavy base; the upper surface of the second fixing plate is provided with a through second sliding groove, and two sides of the second sliding groove are symmetrically provided with two second guide grooves;

the upper surface of one end of the push-pull plate is fixedly provided with a connecting plate, and the upper surface of the other end of the push-pull plate is fixedly provided with a second supporting plate; a push-pull ring is fixedly arranged at one end of the connecting plate far away from the push-pull plate; one end of the telescopic rod is arranged on the second supporting plate, and the other end of the telescopic rod is provided with an arc-shaped plate; the second spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, one end of the second spring is arranged on the second supporting plate, and the other end of the second spring is arranged on the arc-shaped plate; an arc brake block is arranged on the inner arc surface of the arc plate; two second guide blocks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the push-pull plate;

the push-pull plate is arranged in a second sliding groove of the second fixing plate in a sliding fit manner; the two second guide blocks are arranged in the two second guide grooves in a sliding fit manner;

the friction wheel is fixedly arranged at one end of the second rotating shaft, which penetrates out of the corresponding first fixing plate; the friction wheel is positioned between the first rotating shaft and the arc-shaped plate; the friction wheel is in friction fit with the arc brake pad;

a ring groove is formed in the outer circular surface of the first rotating shaft, and the ring groove is close to one end, penetrating out of the first sliding block, of the first rotating shaft; the push-pull ring is sleeved on the annular groove of the first rotating shaft and is in running fit with the first rotating shaft;

one end of the adjusting mechanism is fixedly connected with the push-pull plate;

after the adjusting mechanism is acted by external force, one end of the adjusting mechanism drives the push-pull plate to move towards the direction far away from the friction wheel, and the arc-shaped brake piece generates friction brake on the friction wheel; after the adjusting mechanism resets, one end of the adjusting mechanism drives the push-pull plate to move towards the direction of the friction wheel for resetting, and the arc-shaped brake piece releases the friction brake on the friction wheel;

the adjusting mechanism comprises a swinging strip, a telescopic plate, a first pin, a first limiting block, a rectangular guide cylinder, a second pin and a guide cylinder spring, wherein the middle position of the swinging strip is arranged on the side surface of the vertical support through the second pin; the top end of the swinging strip is fixedly provided with a telescopic plate; a first pin is arranged at one end of the telescopic plate far away from the swinging strip; the rectangular guide cylinder is fixedly arranged on the side surface of the vertical support; the side surface of the vertical support where the rectangular guide cylinder is located and the side surface of the vertical support where the second pin is located are the same side surface; the rectangular guide cylinder is close to the bottom end of the swinging strip; the first limiting block is arranged in the rectangular guide cylinder in a sliding fit mode; one end of the guide cylinder spring is arranged on the bottom surface of the inner cylinder of the rectangular guide cylinder, and the other end of the guide cylinder spring is arranged on the first limiting block; the guide cylinder spring is positioned in the rectangular guide cylinder; one end of the first limiting block, which is far away from the guide cylinder spring, is provided with an inclined plane; the swing strip is matched with the first limiting block;

one end of the first pin, which is far away from the telescopic plate, is fixedly connected with the push-pull plate;

the heavy base further comprises two directional wheels and two steering wheels, wherein the two directional wheels are symmetrically arranged at one end of the lower surface of the heavy base, and the two steering wheels are symmetrically arranged at the other end of the lower surface of the heavy base;

the second steel wire rope is provided with a hook at one end which naturally droops;

the outer circle surface of the rocker is provided with a rubber sleeve.

2. A small hoisting machine for municipal works according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer circle surface of the rubber sleeve is provided with anti-skid grains.

3. A small hoisting machine for municipal works according to claim 1, characterized in that: the arc brake pad is made of wear-resistant rubber.

4. A small hoisting machine for municipal works according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting line of the circle center of the first pinion and the circle center of the input gear is vertical to the guide rail B; the connecting line of the circle center of the big gear and the circle center of the input gear is vertical to the guide rail A.