CN110620248A - Fuel cell hydrogen test system and test method - Google Patents

Fuel cell hydrogen test system and test method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN110620248A
CN110620248A CN201910909448.8A CN201910909448A CN110620248A CN 110620248 A CN110620248 A CN 110620248A CN 201910909448 A CN201910909448 A CN 201910909448A CN 110620248 A CN110620248 A CN 110620248A
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hydrogen
outlet
inlet
flow channel
pressure
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CN201910909448.8A
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CN110620248B (en
Inventor
熊宇
林业发
季文娇
钱超
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Shanghai Electric Group Corp
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Shanghai Electric Group Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04029Heat exchange using liquids
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04082Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
    • H01M8/04089Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/04097Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with recycling of the reactants
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04305Modeling, demonstration models of fuel cells, e.g. for training purposes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0432Temperature; Ambient temperature
    • H01M8/04328Temperature; Ambient temperature of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01MPROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04298Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
    • H01M8/04313Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
    • H01M8/0438Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
    • H01M8/04388Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow of anode reactants at the inlet or inside the fuel cell
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention discloses a fuel cell hydrogen test system and a test method. The test system includes: a heat exchanger having a first hydrogen flow passage and a first water flow passage; a stack simulator; the water supply module comprises a heating water tank, a booster pump and a radiator, wherein the booster pump is connected between an outlet of the heating water tank and an inlet of the first water flow channel; the hydrogen supply module is connected with an inlet of the first hydrogen flow channel through a pipeline, an outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel is connected with an inlet of the pile simulator through a pipeline, and a proportional valve is arranged between the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel and the inlet of the pile simulator; the hydrogen circulating pump is connected between the outlet of the pile simulator and the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel; the hydrogen flow path and the water flow path are both provided with a temperature sensor and a pressure sensor, and a hydrogen flowmeter is arranged between the hydrogen supply module and the inlet of the first hydrogen flow channel. The test system improves the efficiency and reliability of functional analysis of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem.

Description

Fuel cell hydrogen test system and test method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vehicle part performance detection, in particular to a fuel cell hydrogen test system and a test method.
Background
As fuel cell technology is updated and deployed, the function and structure of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem may change to accommodate the new fuel cell technology. In order to understand the functional changes, a set of fuel cell hydrogen testing system needs to be developed for analyzing the functions of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem in more detail, so as to further improve the structural design.
In the prior art, the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem analyzes and improves the basic functions of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem through analyzing the functions of each part (including flow, pressure, humidification, heat dissipation, heat exchange and hydrogen circulation) independently or simply in butt joint, and the operation and debugging of the part per se cannot simulate the state of the hydrogen subsystem in operation of the fuel cell system comprehensively, so that the functions of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem cannot be analyzed more comprehensively, and the analysis efficiency and the reliability are lower.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a fuel cell hydrogen testing system and a testing method, aiming at overcoming the defect that the function analysis of a fuel cell hydrogen subsystem in the prior art has lower analysis efficiency and reliability.
The invention solves the technical problems through the following technical scheme:
a fuel cell hydrogen testing system, comprising:
a heat exchanger having a first hydrogen flow passage and a first water flow passage;
the electric pile simulator is used for simulating an electric pile under a working condition to be tested;
the water supply module comprises a heating water tank, a booster pump and a radiator, the booster pump is connected between an outlet of the heating water tank and an inlet of the first water flow channel through a pipeline so as to suck out and boost the heated water in the heating water tank and send the water to the inlet of the first water flow channel, and an outlet of the first water flow channel is connected with the inlet of the heating water tank through a pipeline;
the hydrogen supply module is connected with an inlet of the first hydrogen flow channel through a pipeline, an outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel is connected with an inlet of the pile simulator through a pipeline, and a proportional valve for reducing the pressure of the hydrogen is arranged between the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel and the inlet of the pile simulator;
the hydrogen circulating pump is connected between the outlet of the pile simulator and the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel and is used for sucking out the hydrogen passing through the pile simulator, boosting the pressure of the hydrogen and then refluxing the hydrogen to the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel;
at least one temperature sensor and at least one pressure sensor are arranged on a flowing path of the hydrogen and a flowing path of the water, and a hydrogen flow meter is arranged between the hydrogen supply module and the inlet of the first hydrogen flow channel.
In this scheme, the heat exchanger can carry out the heat transfer with the hydrogen through first hydrogen runner and the water through first water runner, makes the medium temperature in first hydrogen runner and the first water runner neutralize each other, accomplishes the temperature regulation of hydrogen, realizes the heat transfer. The proportional valve is mainly used for further decompressing the front-end hydrogen, and the decompressed hydrogen is conveyed to the inlet of the pile simulator, so that the pressure regulation function of the hydrogen is completed. The hydrogen circulating pump can be with the hydrogen suction behind the pile simulator and behind the pressure boost, the export of backward flow to first hydrogen runner, and hydrogen after the reuse process heat transfer can improve hydrogen utilization ratio. Among these, the reason why the proportional valve needs to be provided at the rear end of the heat exchanger is as follows: the pressure control effect of the proportional valve is related to the size of the containing cavity at the rear end of the proportional valve (if the containing cavity is larger, the pressure control effect of the proportional valve is poor), and if the heat exchanger is arranged at the rear end of the proportional valve, the pressure control effect of the proportional valve can be influenced because the containing cavity in the heat exchanger is larger. In the fuel cell hydrogen testing system, the simulation of the heat exchange function and the hydrogen circulation function can be realized through the cooperation of the heat exchanger, the booster pump, the hydrogen circulating pump and the like, and the hydrogen flow, the temperature and the pressure data in the testing system are recorded through the hydrogen flowmeter, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, so that the simulation analysis of the heat exchange function and the hydrogen circulation function in the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem can be realized, and the efficiency and the reliability of the function analysis of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem are improved.
Preferably, a high-pressure solenoid valve is arranged on a pipeline between the hydrogen supply module and the inlet of the first water flow channel, the high-pressure solenoid valve is positioned between the hydrogen supply module and a hydrogen flow meter, a low-pressure solenoid valve is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel and the inlet of the stack simulator, and the low-pressure solenoid valve is positioned between the proportional valve and the inlet of the stack simulator;
the fuel cell hydrogen testing system also comprises a controller and a power supply module, wherein the high-pressure electromagnetic valve, the proportional valve, the low-pressure electromagnetic valve, the hydrogen circulating pump, the booster pump and the heating water tank are all connected with the power supply module through the controller, or the power supply module is respectively and directly connected with the high-pressure electromagnetic valve, the proportional valve, the low-pressure electromagnetic valve, the hydrogen circulating pump, the booster pump and the heating water tank;
the controller is used for sending a rotating speed instruction to the booster pump to control the rotating speed of the booster pump, sending a power instruction to the heating water tank to control the heating power of the heating water tank, sending an opening instruction to the high-pressure electromagnetic valve and the low-pressure electromagnetic valve and sending a pressure adjusting instruction to the proportional valve.
In the scheme, when the high-pressure electromagnetic valve receives an opening instruction, hydrogen can be conveyed to the inlet of the first hydrogen flow channel through the high-pressure electromagnetic valve; when the low-pressure electromagnetic valve receives an opening instruction, hydrogen can be conveyed to an inlet of the pile simulator through the low-pressure electromagnetic valve; the heating temperature of the water can be adjusted by adjusting the power instruction received by the heating water tank; the output pressure of the proportional valve can be adjusted by adjusting the pressure adjusting instruction received by the proportional valve, so that the pressure adjustment of the hydrogen is adjusted. The high-pressure electromagnetic valve, the proportional valve, the low-pressure electromagnetic valve, the hydrogen circulating pump, the booster pump and the heating water tank can be directly powered by the power supply module, and can also be indirectly powered by the power supply module through the controller.
Preferably, a radiator is connected between the outlet of the first water flow channel and the inlet of the heating water tank, and the radiator is connected with the power supply module through the controller, or the radiator is directly connected with the power supply module;
the controller is also used for sending a rotating speed instruction to the radiator so as to control the heat dissipation rate of the radiator.
In this scheme, through the transmission instruction that the adjustment radiator received, can adjust the radiating rate of radiator to water. In addition, the radiator can be directly powered by the power supply module, and can also be indirectly powered by the power supply module through the controller.
Preferably, the fuel cell hydrogen testing system further comprises a tail exhaust module, wherein the tail exhaust module is used for simulating tail gas emission of a fuel cell and is connected to an outlet of the electric pile simulator;
the tail row module comprises an exhaust electromagnetic valve, and the exhaust electromagnetic valve is connected with the power supply module through the controller or is directly connected with the power supply module;
the controller is also used for sending an opening instruction to the exhaust electromagnetic valve.
In this scheme, after exhaust solenoid valve received the opening instruction, the hydrogen after heat transfer, pressure regulating opened through exhaust solenoid valve. The exhaust electromagnetic valve can be directly powered by the power supply module, and can also be indirectly powered by the power supply module through the controller.
Preferably, a pressure reducer and a safety valve are further disposed between the hydrogen supply module and the high-pressure solenoid valve, and an exhaust valve is further disposed between the hydrogen flow meter and the inlet of the first water flow passage.
In this aspect, the pressure reducer functions to primarily reduce the pressure of hydrogen to a specified pressure. The decompressed hydrogen is delivered to a first hydrogen flow channel of the heat exchanger through a high-pressure electromagnetic valve in an open state. The safety valve mainly prevents the pressure reducer from generating overpressure when misoperation or failure occurs, and automatically exhausts gas exceeding the limited pressure.
Preferably, a heat exchanger inlet hydrogen pressure sensor and a heat exchanger inlet hydrogen temperature sensor are arranged between the hydrogen flowmeter and the inlet of the first hydrogen flow channel;
a heat exchanger outlet hydrogen pressure sensor and a heat exchanger outlet hydrogen temperature sensor are arranged between the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel and the proportional valve;
a heat exchanger inlet water pressure sensor and a heat exchanger inlet water temperature sensor are arranged between the outlet of the booster pump and the inlet of the first water flow channel;
a heat exchanger outlet water pressure sensor and a heat exchanger outlet water temperature sensor are arranged between the outlet of the first water flow channel and the heating water tank;
the fuel cell hydrogen test system further comprises a tail exhaust module, the tail exhaust module is used for simulating the tail gas emission of the fuel cell and is connected with the outlet of the pile simulator, a pile simulator outlet temperature sensor and a pile simulator outlet pressure sensor are arranged between the outlet of the pile simulator and the tail exhaust module, and the pile simulator outlet temperature sensor and the pile simulator outlet pressure sensor are located between the inlet of the hydrogen circulating pump and the outlet of the pile simulator.
In this scheme, can detect the temperature, the pressure of the entry and the export of first hydrogen runner through heat exchanger entry hydrogen pressure sensor, heat exchanger entry hydrogen temperature sensor, heat exchanger export hydrogen pressure sensor and heat exchanger export hydrogen temperature sensor, through the temperature, the pressure of the entry and the export of comparison first hydrogen runner, can comparatively conveniently assay hydrogen temperature and the pressure variation around the heat transfer. Accordingly, the temperature and pressure changes of the water before and after heat exchange can be analyzed conveniently by comparing the temperature and pressure of the inlet and the outlet of the first water flow channel. In addition, the temperature and pressure at the outlet of the stack simulator can be detected by the stack simulator outlet temperature sensor and the stack simulator outlet pressure sensor.
Preferably, a back pressure valve at the water outlet of the heat exchanger is arranged between the outlet of the first water flow channel and the heating water tank.
In this scheme, the aperture through adjusting heat exchanger delivery port back pressure valve can adjust the medium flow through the first rivers way of heat exchanger, and then changes the heat exchange efficiency of heat exchanger.
Preferably, the fuel cell hydrogen testing system further comprises a humidifier located between the proportional valve and the stack simulator and between the heat exchanger and the heating water tank;
wherein the humidifier has a second hydrogen flow channel and a second water flow channel, and the humidifier is used for unidirectionally permeating water passing through the second water flow channel to the second hydrogen flow channel;
a water flow meter is arranged between the outlet of the second water flow channel and the heating water tank;
the hydrogen circulating pump is connected between the outlet of the galvanic pile simulator and the outlet of the second hydrogen flow channel and is used for sucking out the hydrogen passing through the galvanic pile simulator, boosting the hydrogen and then refluxing the hydrogen to the outlet of the second hydrogen flow channel.
In the scheme, the humidifier enables the fuel cell hydrogen testing system to simulate the humidification function of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, so that the efficiency and the reliability of the function analysis of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem can be further improved. The reason why the proportional valve needs to be disposed at the front end of the humidifier is as follows: the humidifier has a low pressure resistance, and therefore, the humidifier needs to be disposed at the end having a low pressure, and therefore, the humidifier needs to be disposed at the rear end of the proportional valve.
Preferably, a humidifier inlet hydrogen pressure sensor, a humidifier inlet hydrogen temperature sensor and a humidifier inlet hydrogen humidity sensor are arranged between the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel and the inlet of the second hydrogen flow channel;
a humidifier outlet hydrogen pressure sensor, a humidifier outlet hydrogen temperature sensor and a humidifier outlet hydrogen humidity sensor are arranged between the outlet of the second hydrogen flow channel and the inlet of the pile simulator;
a humidifier inlet water pressure sensor and a humidifier inlet water temperature sensor are arranged between the outlet of the first water flow channel and the inlet of the second water flow channel;
and a humidifier outlet water pressure sensor and a humidifier outlet water temperature sensor are arranged between the outlet of the second water flow channel and the inlet of the heating water tank.
In the scheme, the changes of the pressure, the temperature and the humidity of the hydrogen before and after humidification can be analyzed conveniently by comparing the temperature, the pressure and the humidity of the inlet and the outlet of the second hydrogen flow channel. Accordingly, by comparing the temperature and pressure of the inlet and outlet of the second water flow passage, the temperature and pressure change of the water flowing through the second water flow passage can be analyzed more conveniently.
Preferably, a back pressure valve at the water outlet of the humidifier is arranged between the outlet of the second water flow channel and the inlet of the heating water tank.
In this scheme, can adjust the medium flow through the second rivers way of humidifier through the aperture of adjusting humidifier delivery port back pressure valve, and then change the humidification efficiency of humidifier.
Preferably, the fuel cell hydrogen test system further comprises a data recorder, and the data recorder is connected with the hydrogen flow meter, the water flow meter, at least one temperature sensor and at least one pressure sensor.
Preferably, the electric pile simulator is a buffer box.
Preferably, the fuel cell hydrogen test system further comprises a water replenishing tank, water is filled in the water replenishing tank, and an outlet of the water replenishing tank is connected to an inlet of the booster pump and an outlet of the heating water tank.
The invention also provides a test method, which is characterized in that the test method is realized by using the fuel cell hydrogen test system, and the test method comprises the following steps:
starting the hydrogen supply module and starting the booster pump to exchange heat between the hydrogen entering the first hydrogen channel and the water entering the first water flow channel;
starting the hydrogen circulating pump to suck out the hydrogen passing through the pile simulator, pressurizing the hydrogen and then refluxing the hydrogen to an outlet of the first hydrogen runner;
detecting hydrogen flow, temperature and pressure in the fuel cell hydrogen test system via the hydrogen flow meter, at least one of the temperature sensors and at least one of the pressure sensors.
In the scheme, the test method can simulate the heat exchange function and the hydrogen circulation function of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, and can improve the efficiency and reliability of function analysis of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem.
On the basis of the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be combined randomly to obtain the preferred embodiments of the invention.
The positive progress effects of the invention are as follows:
in the fuel cell hydrogen testing system, the simulation of the heat exchange function and the hydrogen circulation function can be realized through the cooperation of the heat exchanger, the booster pump, the hydrogen circulating pump and the like, and the hydrogen flow, the temperature and the pressure data in the testing system are recorded through the hydrogen flowmeter, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, so that the simulation analysis of the heat exchange function and the hydrogen circulation function in the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem can be realized, and the efficiency and the reliability of the function analysis of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem are improved. Accordingly, the testing method can improve the efficiency and reliability of functional analysis of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell hydrogen test system according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a fuel testing method according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a hydrogen test system for a fuel cell according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1 hydrogen gas source
2 pressure reducer
3 safety valve
4 high-pressure electromagnetic valve
5 evacuation valve
6 hydrogen flowmeter
7 heat exchanger inlet hydrogen pressure sensor
8 heat exchanger inlet hydrogen temperature sensor
9 heat exchanger
10 heat exchanger export hydrogen pressure sensor
11 heat exchanger outlet hydrogen temperature sensor
12 ratio valve
13 humidifier inlet hydrogen pressure sensor
14 humidifier inlet hydrogen temperature sensor
15 humidifier inlet hydrogen humidity sensor
16 humidifier
17 outlet hydrogen pressure sensor of humidifier
18 outlet hydrogen temperature sensor of humidifier
19 outlet hydrogen humidity sensor of humidifier
20 low-pressure electromagnetic valve
21 electric pile simulator
22 pile simulator outlet pressure sensor
23 electric pile simulator outlet temperature sensor
24 exhaust electromagnetic valve
25 hydrogen circulating pump
26 controller
27 power supply module
28 data recorder
29 blower pump
30 heat exchanger inlet water pressure sensor
31 heat exchanger inlet water temperature sensor
32 heat exchanger outlet water pressure sensor
33 heat exchanger outlet water temperature sensor
34 heat exchanger water outlet back pressure valve
35 inlet water pressure sensor of humidifier
36 humidifier inlet water temperature sensor
37 outlet water pressure sensor of humidifier
38 humidifier outlet water temperature sensor
39 water flow meter
40 outlet back pressure valve of humidifier
41 radiator
42 heating water tank
43 Water replenishing tank
44 water
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The present embodiment discloses a fuel cell hydrogen test system, as shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell hydrogen test system includes: a heat exchanger 9, a stack simulator 21, a water supply module, a hydrogen supply module, and a hydrogen circulation pump 25. The heat exchanger 9 has a first hydrogen flow channel and a first water flow channel, and the pile simulator 21 is used for simulating a pile under a working condition to be tested. The water supply module comprises a heating water tank 42, a booster pump 29 and a radiator 41, wherein the booster pump 29 is connected between an outlet of the heating water tank 42 and an inlet of the first water flow passage through a pipeline so as to suck out and pressurize the heated water 44 in the heating water tank 42 and send the water to the inlet of the first water flow passage, and the outlet of the first water flow passage is connected with the inlet of the heating water tank 42 through a pipeline. The hydrogen supply module is used for supplying hydrogen, the hydrogen supply module is connected with an inlet of the first hydrogen flow channel through a pipeline, an outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel is connected with an inlet of the pile simulator 21 through a pipeline, and a proportional valve 12 for reducing the pressure of the hydrogen is arranged between the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel and the inlet of the pile simulator 21. The hydrogen circulation pump 25 is connected between the outlet of the stack simulator 21 and the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel, and is configured to suck out, pressurize and return the hydrogen passing through the stack simulator 21 to the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel. At least one temperature sensor and at least one pressure sensor are provided on the path of the hydrogen gas flow and the flow path of the water 44, and a hydrogen gas flow meter 6 is provided between the hydrogen gas supply module and the inlet of the first hydrogen gas flow channel. In the present embodiment, the cell stack simulator 21 is a buffer tank.
In the present embodiment, the heat exchanger 9 can exchange heat between the hydrogen gas passing through the first hydrogen flow channel and the water 44 passing through the first water flow channel, so that the temperatures of the media in the first hydrogen flow channel and the first water flow channel are neutralized, the temperature adjustment of the hydrogen gas is completed, and the heat exchange is realized. The proportional valve 12 mainly reduces the pressure of the hydrogen gas at the front end, and the reduced pressure hydrogen gas is supplied to the inlet of the stack simulator 21, thereby performing the function of regulating the pressure of the hydrogen gas. The hydrogen circulating pump 25 can suck out and pressurize the hydrogen passing through the electric pile simulator 21, and then the hydrogen flows back to the outlet of the first hydrogen runner, so that the hydrogen passing through the heat exchange can be recycled, and the hydrogen utilization rate can be improved.
Among these, the reason why the proportional valve 12 needs to be provided at the rear end of the heat exchanger 9 is as follows: the pressure control effect of the proportional valve 12 is related to the size of the cavity at the rear end thereof (if the cavity is larger, the pressure control effect of the proportional valve 12 is not good), and if the heat exchanger 9 is arranged at the rear end of the proportional valve 12, the pressure control effect of the proportional valve 12 is affected because the cavity inside the heat exchanger 9 is larger. In the fuel cell hydrogen testing system, the simulation of the heat exchange function and the hydrogen circulation function can be realized through the cooperation of the heat exchanger 9, the booster pump 29, the hydrogen circulating pump 25 and the like, and the hydrogen flow, the temperature and the pressure data in the testing system are recorded through the hydrogen flowmeter 6, the temperature sensor and the pressure sensor, so that the simulation analysis of the heat exchange function and the hydrogen circulation function in the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem can be realized, and the efficiency and the reliability of the function analysis of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem are improved.
As will be understood with reference to fig. 1, a high pressure solenoid valve 4 is provided on a pipe between the hydrogen supply module and the inlet of the first water flow passage, and the high pressure solenoid valve 4 is located between the hydrogen supply module and the hydrogen flow meter 6, and a low pressure solenoid valve 20 is provided on a pipe between the outlet of the first hydrogen flow passage and the inlet of the stack simulator 21, and the low pressure solenoid valve 20 is located between the proportional valve 12 and the inlet of the stack simulator 21. The fuel cell hydrogen testing system also comprises a controller 26 and a power supply module 27, wherein the high-pressure electromagnetic valve 4, the proportional valve 12, the low-pressure electromagnetic valve 20, the hydrogen circulating pump 25, the booster pump 29 and the heating water tank 42 are all connected with the power supply module 27 through the controller 26. Among them, the controller 26 is used for sending a rotation speed command to the booster pump 29 to control the rotation speed of the booster pump 29, for sending a power command to the heating water tank 42 to control the heating power of the heating water tank 42, for sending an opening command to the high-pressure solenoid valve 4 and the low-pressure solenoid valve 20, and for sending a pressure adjustment command to the proportional valve 12.
When the high-pressure electromagnetic valve 4 receives an opening instruction, hydrogen can be conveyed to the inlet of the first hydrogen flow channel through the high-pressure electromagnetic valve 4; when the low-pressure solenoid valve 20 receives an opening command, hydrogen can be delivered to the inlet of the stack simulator 21 through the low-pressure solenoid valve 20; the heating temperature of the water 44 can be adjusted by adjusting the power command received by the heating water tank 42; by adjusting the pressure adjustment command received by the proportional valve 12, the output pressure of the proportional valve 12 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the pressure adjustment of the hydrogen gas. In addition, the high-pressure solenoid valve 4, the proportional valve 12, the low-pressure solenoid valve 20, the hydrogen circulation pump 25, the booster pump 29, and the heating water tank 42 are indirectly powered by the power supply module 27 via the controller 26.
In other alternative embodiments, the power supply module 27 may also be directly connected to the high-pressure solenoid valve 4, the proportional valve 12, the low-pressure solenoid valve 20, the hydrogen circulation pump 25, the booster pump 29, and the heating water tank 42, respectively, that is, the high-pressure solenoid valve 4, the proportional valve 12, the low-pressure solenoid valve 20, the hydrogen circulation pump 25, the booster pump 29, and the heating water tank 42 may be directly powered by the power supply module 27.
As will be further appreciated with reference to fig. 1, a radiator 41 is connected between the outlet of the first water flow passage and the inlet of the heating water tank 42, the radiator 41 being connected to the power supply module 27 via the controller 26. The controller 26 is also configured to send a rotational speed command to the heat sink 41 to control the heat dissipation rate of the heat sink 41.
The radiator 41 is indirectly powered by the power supply module 27 through the controller 26, and the heat dissipation rate of the radiator 41 to the water 44 can be adjusted by adjusting the transmission command received by the radiator 41. In addition, the power supply module 27 may directly supply power to the heat sink 41, even if the heat sink 41 is directly connected to the power supply module 27.
As will be further understood with reference to fig. 1, the fuel cell hydrogen testing system further includes a tail exhaust module, the tail exhaust module is used for simulating tail gas exhaust of the fuel cell and is connected to an outlet of the stack simulator 21, the tail exhaust module includes an exhaust solenoid valve 24, the exhaust solenoid valve 24 is connected to a power supply module 27 through a controller 26, and the controller 26 is further used for sending an opening instruction to the exhaust solenoid valve 24.
The exhaust solenoid valve 24 is indirectly powered by the power supply module 27 through the controller 26, and after the exhaust solenoid valve 24 receives an opening instruction, the hydrogen subjected to heat exchange and pressure regulation is opened through the exhaust solenoid valve 24. It should be noted that the exhaust solenoid valve 24 may be directly powered by the power supply module 27 even though the exhaust solenoid valve 24 is directly connected to the power supply module 27.
As will be further understood with reference to fig. 1, a pressure reducer 2 and a safety valve 3 are also provided between the hydrogen supply module and the high pressure solenoid valve 4, and an exhaust valve 5 is also provided between the hydrogen flow meter 6 and the inlet of the first water flow passage.
Wherein the decompressor 2 mainly functions to decompress hydrogen gas to a prescribed pressure. The depressurized hydrogen gas is sent to the first hydrogen flow channel of the heat exchanger 9 through the high-pressure solenoid valve 4 in an open state. The safety valve 3 mainly serves to prevent an overpressure in case of malfunction or failure of the pressure reducer 2 and to automatically evacuate the gas above its limit pressure.
A heat exchanger 9 inlet hydrogen pressure sensor 7 and a heat exchanger 9 inlet hydrogen temperature sensor 8 are arranged between the hydrogen flowmeter 6 and the inlet of the first hydrogen runner; a heat exchanger outlet hydrogen pressure sensor 10 and a heat exchanger outlet hydrogen temperature sensor 11 are arranged between the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel and the proportional valve 12; a heat exchanger inlet water pressure sensor 30 and a heat exchanger inlet water temperature sensor 31 are arranged between the outlet of the booster pump 29 and the inlet of the first water flow channel; a heat exchanger outlet water pressure sensor 32 and a heat exchanger outlet water temperature sensor 33 are arranged between the outlet of the first water flow channel and the heating water tank 42; a stack simulator outlet temperature sensor 23 and a stack simulator outlet pressure sensor 22 are arranged between the outlet of the stack simulator 21 and the tail row module, and the stack simulator outlet temperature sensor 23 and the stack simulator outlet pressure sensor 22 are positioned between the inlet of the hydrogen circulating pump 25 and the outlet of the stack simulator 21.
The temperature and the pressure of the inlet and the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel can be detected through the heat exchanger 9 inlet hydrogen pressure sensor 7, the heat exchanger 9 inlet hydrogen temperature sensor 8, the heat exchanger outlet hydrogen pressure sensor 10 and the heat exchanger outlet hydrogen temperature sensor 11, and the temperature and the pressure change of the hydrogen before and after heat exchange can be conveniently analyzed by comparing the temperature and the pressure of the inlet and the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel. Accordingly, by comparing the temperature and pressure of the inlet and outlet of the first water flow passage, the temperature and pressure change of the water 44 before and after the heat exchange can be analyzed more conveniently. In addition, the temperature and pressure at the outlet of the stack simulator 21 can be detected by the stack simulator outlet temperature sensor 23 and the stack simulator outlet pressure sensor 22.
Further, a heat exchanger water outlet back pressure valve 34 is arranged between the outlet of the first water flow passage and the heating water tank 42. The medium flow passing through the first water flow channel of the heat exchanger 9 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening degree of the back pressure valve 34 at the water outlet of the heat exchanger, so that the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger 9 is changed.
As will be further appreciated with reference to fig. 1, the fuel cell hydrogen test system also includes a data logger 28, the data logger 28 being connected to the hydrogen flow meter 6, the water flow meter 39, the at least one temperature sensor and the at least one pressure sensor.
In addition, the fuel cell hydrogen test system further comprises a water supply tank 43, water 44 is filled in the water supply tank 43, and an outlet of the water supply tank 43 is connected to an inlet of the booster pump 29 and an outlet of the heating water tank 42.
In the present embodiment, the water 44 (including the water in the heating water tank 42 and the water in the makeup water tank 43) used in the fuel cell hydrogen gas test system is pure water. Wherein the pure water is free of impurities and wherein the water 44 flows through the components during the test without leaving precipitates in the respective components. In other alternative embodiments, pure water may not be necessary.
The embodiment also discloses a testing method, which is implemented by using the above fuel cell hydrogen testing system, as shown in fig. 2, the testing method includes the following steps:
step S100, starting a hydrogen supply module and starting a booster pump to exchange heat between hydrogen entering a first hydrogen channel and pure water entering a first water flow channel;
step S200, starting a hydrogen circulating pump to suck out the hydrogen passing through the pile simulator, pressurizing the hydrogen and then refluxing the hydrogen to an outlet of a first hydrogen flow channel;
and step S300, detecting the hydrogen flow, the temperature and the pressure in the fuel cell hydrogen testing system through the hydrogen flow meter, the at least one temperature sensor and the at least one pressure sensor.
In the embodiment, the test method can simulate the heat exchange function and the hydrogen circulation function of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, and can improve the efficiency and reliability of function analysis of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem.
The fuel cell hydrogen test system that this embodiment provided can simulate fuel cell hydrogen subsystem's heat transfer function and hydrogen circulation function to can improve reliability and efficiency to fuel cell hydrogen subsystem's functional analysis, and then help understanding the functional characteristic of hydrogen subsystem and each spare part comparatively comprehensively. Accordingly, the testing method using the fuel cell hydrogen testing system provided by the embodiment can also improve the reliability and efficiency of the functional analysis of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem.
Example 2
The structure of the hydrogen test system of the fuel cell in the embodiment is basically the same as that of the hydrogen test system of the fuel cell in the embodiment 1, but the hydrogen test system of the fuel cell in the embodiment is additionally provided with a simulation of the humidification function of the hydrogen subsystem of the fuel cell. Wherein the same reference numerals as in embodiment 1 in the present embodiment denote the same elements.
As shown in fig. 3, the fuel cell hydrogen test system further includes a humidifier 16, and the humidifier 16 is located between the proportional valve 12 and the stack simulator 21, and between the heat exchanger 9 and the heating water tank 42. The humidifier 16 has a second hydrogen flow channel and a second water flow channel, and the humidifier 16 is configured to unidirectionally permeate water passing through the second water flow channel to the second hydrogen flow channel. A water flow meter 39 is provided between the outlet of the second water flow passage and the heating water tank 42. The hydrogen circulating pump 25 is connected between the outlet of the stack simulator 21 and the outlet of the second hydrogen flow channel, and is configured to suck out, pressurize and return the hydrogen passing through the stack simulator 21 to the outlet of the second hydrogen flow channel.
In the present embodiment, the humidifier 16 is provided to enable the fuel cell hydrogen testing system to simulate the humidification function of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, thereby further improving the efficiency and reliability of the functional analysis of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem. The reason why the proportional valve 12 needs to be provided at the front end of the humidifier 16 is as follows: the pressure resistance of the humidifier 16 is low, and therefore the humidifier 16 needs to be provided at the end where the pressure is low, and therefore, needs to be provided at the rear end of the proportional valve 12.
As will be understood with reference to fig. 3, an inlet hydrogen pressure sensor 13 of the humidifier 16, an inlet hydrogen temperature sensor 14 of the humidifier 16, and an inlet hydrogen humidity sensor 15 of the humidifier 16 are provided between the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel and the inlet of the second hydrogen flow channel. A humidifier outlet hydrogen pressure sensor 17, a humidifier outlet hydrogen temperature sensor 18 and a humidifier outlet hydrogen humidity sensor 19 are arranged between the outlet of the second hydrogen flow channel and the inlet of the pile simulator 21. A humidifier inlet water pressure sensor 35 and a humidifier inlet water temperature sensor 36 are provided between the outlet of the first water flow passage and the inlet of the second water flow passage. A humidifier outlet water pressure sensor 37 and a humidifier outlet water temperature sensor 38 are provided between the outlet of the second water flow passage and the inlet of the heating water tank 42.
Wherein, the pressure, temperature and humidity changes of the hydrogen before and after humidification can be analyzed conveniently by comparing the temperature, pressure and humidity of the inlet and the outlet of the second hydrogen flow channel. Accordingly, by comparing the temperature and pressure of the inlet and outlet of the second water flow passage, it is possible to more conveniently analyze the temperature and pressure change of the water 44 after passing through the second water flow passage.
It should be noted that the water flow meter 39 and the sensors in the present embodiment are also connected to the data recorder 28 described in embodiment 1.
As will be further appreciated with reference to fig. 3, a humidifier outlet back pressure valve 40 is provided between the outlet of the second water flow path and the inlet of the heating water tank 42.
The medium flow passing through the second water flow channel of the humidifier 16 can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the back pressure valve 40 at the water outlet of the humidifier, so that the humidification efficiency of the humidifier 16 is changed.
The fuel cell hydrogen test system provided by the embodiment can simulate the heat exchange function, the hydrogen circulation function and the humidification function of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem, so that the reliability and the efficiency of the function analysis of the fuel cell hydrogen subsystem can be further improved, and the functional characteristics of the hydrogen subsystem and each part can be more comprehensively known.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these changes and modifications are within the scope of the invention.

Claims (14)

1. A fuel cell hydrogen testing system, comprising:
a heat exchanger having a first hydrogen flow passage and a first water flow passage;
the electric pile simulator is used for simulating an electric pile under a working condition to be tested;
the water supply module comprises a heating water tank, a booster pump and a radiator, the booster pump is connected between an outlet of the heating water tank and an inlet of the first water flow channel through a pipeline so as to suck out and boost the heated water in the heating water tank and send the water to the inlet of the first water flow channel, and an outlet of the first water flow channel is connected with the inlet of the heating water tank through a pipeline;
the hydrogen supply module is connected with an inlet of the first hydrogen flow channel through a pipeline, an outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel is connected with an inlet of the pile simulator through a pipeline, and a proportional valve for reducing the pressure of the hydrogen is arranged between the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel and the inlet of the pile simulator;
the hydrogen circulating pump is connected between the outlet of the pile simulator and the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel and is used for sucking out the hydrogen passing through the pile simulator, boosting the pressure of the hydrogen and then refluxing the hydrogen to the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel;
at least one temperature sensor and at least one pressure sensor are arranged on a flowing path of the hydrogen and a flowing path of the water, and a hydrogen flow meter is arranged between the hydrogen supply module and the inlet of the first hydrogen flow channel.
2. The fuel cell hydrogen gas testing system according to claim 1, wherein a high-pressure solenoid valve is provided on a pipe between the hydrogen supply module and the inlet of the first water flow passage, and the high-pressure solenoid valve is located between the hydrogen supply module and a hydrogen flow meter, a low-pressure solenoid valve is provided on a pipe between the outlet of the first hydrogen flow passage and the inlet of the stack simulator, and the low-pressure solenoid valve is located between the proportional valve and the inlet of the stack simulator;
the fuel cell hydrogen testing system also comprises a controller and a power supply module, wherein the high-pressure electromagnetic valve, the proportional valve, the low-pressure electromagnetic valve, the hydrogen circulating pump, the booster pump and the heating water tank are all connected with the power supply module through the controller, or the power supply module is respectively and directly connected with the high-pressure electromagnetic valve, the proportional valve, the low-pressure electromagnetic valve, the hydrogen circulating pump, the booster pump and the heating water tank;
the controller is used for sending a rotating speed instruction to the booster pump to control the rotating speed of the booster pump, sending a power instruction to the heating water tank to control the heating power of the heating water tank, sending an opening instruction to the high-pressure electromagnetic valve and the low-pressure electromagnetic valve and sending a pressure adjusting instruction to the proportional valve.
3. The fuel cell hydrogen gas testing system according to claim 2, wherein a radiator is connected between the outlet of the first water flow passage and the inlet of the heating water tank, the radiator being connected to the power supply module through the controller, or the radiator being directly connected to the power supply module;
the controller is also used for sending a rotating speed instruction to the radiator so as to control the heat dissipation rate of the radiator.
4. A fuel cell hydrogen testing system according to claim 2, further comprising a tail gas module for simulating a tail gas emission of a fuel cell and connected to an outlet of the stack simulator;
the tail row module comprises an exhaust electromagnetic valve, and the exhaust electromagnetic valve is connected with the power supply module through the controller or is directly connected with the power supply module;
the controller is also used for sending an opening instruction to the exhaust electromagnetic valve.
5. A fuel cell hydrogen gas testing system as claimed in claim 2, wherein a pressure reducer and a safety valve are further provided between the hydrogen gas supply module and the high pressure solenoid valve, and a purge valve is further provided between the hydrogen gas flow meter and the inlet of the first water flow passage.
6. A fuel cell hydrogen gas testing system as claimed in claim 1, wherein a heat exchanger inlet hydrogen gas pressure sensor and a heat exchanger inlet hydrogen gas temperature sensor are provided between the hydrogen gas flow meter and the inlet of the first hydrogen gas flow channel;
a heat exchanger outlet hydrogen pressure sensor and a heat exchanger outlet hydrogen temperature sensor are arranged between the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel and the proportional valve;
a heat exchanger inlet water pressure sensor and a heat exchanger inlet water temperature sensor are arranged between the outlet of the booster pump and the inlet of the first water flow channel;
a heat exchanger outlet water pressure sensor and a heat exchanger outlet water temperature sensor are arranged between the outlet of the first water flow channel and the heating water tank;
the fuel cell hydrogen test system further comprises a tail exhaust module, the tail exhaust module is used for simulating the tail gas emission of the fuel cell and is connected with the outlet of the pile simulator, a pile simulator outlet temperature sensor and a pile simulator outlet pressure sensor are arranged between the outlet of the pile simulator and the tail exhaust module, and the pile simulator outlet temperature sensor and the pile simulator outlet pressure sensor are located between the inlet of the hydrogen circulating pump and the outlet of the pile simulator.
7. A fuel cell hydrogen gas testing system as claimed in claim 6, wherein a heat exchanger water outlet back pressure valve is further provided between the outlet of the first water flow passage and the heating water tank.
8. The fuel cell hydrogen testing system of claim 1 further comprising a humidifier located between the proportional valve and the stack simulator and between the heat exchanger and the heated water tank;
wherein the humidifier has a second hydrogen flow channel and a second water flow channel, and the humidifier is used for unidirectionally permeating water passing through the second water flow channel to the second hydrogen flow channel;
a water flow meter is arranged between the outlet of the second water flow channel and the heating water tank;
the hydrogen circulating pump is connected between the outlet of the galvanic pile simulator and the outlet of the second hydrogen flow channel and is used for sucking out the hydrogen passing through the galvanic pile simulator, boosting the hydrogen and then refluxing the hydrogen to the outlet of the second hydrogen flow channel.
9. A fuel cell hydrogen gas testing system according to claim 8, wherein a humidifier inlet hydrogen gas pressure sensor, a humidifier inlet hydrogen gas temperature sensor and a humidifier inlet hydrogen gas humidity sensor are provided between the outlet of the first hydrogen flow channel and the inlet of the second hydrogen flow channel;
a humidifier outlet hydrogen pressure sensor, a humidifier outlet hydrogen temperature sensor and a humidifier outlet hydrogen humidity sensor are arranged between the outlet of the second hydrogen flow channel and the inlet of the pile simulator;
a humidifier inlet water pressure sensor and a humidifier inlet water temperature sensor are arranged between the outlet of the first water flow channel and the inlet of the second water flow channel;
and a humidifier outlet water pressure sensor and a humidifier outlet water temperature sensor are arranged between the outlet of the second water flow channel and the inlet of the heating water tank.
10. A fuel cell hydrogen gas testing system as claimed in claim 9, wherein a humidifier outlet back pressure valve is provided between the outlet of the second water flow passage and the inlet of the heating water tank.
11. A fuel cell hydrogen testing system according to claim 8 further comprising a data logger in communication with said hydrogen flow meter, said water flow meter, at least one of said temperature sensors and at least one of said pressure sensors.
12. The fuel cell hydrogen testing system of claim 1 wherein the stack simulator is a surge tank.
13. A fuel cell hydrogen testing system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, further comprising a makeup water tank in which water is installed, an outlet of the makeup water tank being connected to an inlet of the booster pump and an outlet of the heating water tank.
14. A testing method implemented using the fuel cell hydrogen testing system according to any one of claims 1 to 13, the testing method comprising the steps of:
starting the hydrogen supply module and starting the booster pump to exchange heat between the hydrogen entering the first hydrogen channel and the water entering the first water flow channel;
starting the hydrogen circulating pump to suck out the hydrogen passing through the pile simulator, pressurizing the hydrogen and then refluxing the hydrogen to an outlet of the first hydrogen runner;
detecting hydrogen flow, temperature and pressure in the fuel cell hydrogen test system via the hydrogen flow meter, at least one of the temperature sensors and at least one of the pressure sensors.
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CN111578980A (en) * 2020-05-15 2020-08-25 一汽解放汽车有限公司 Multifunctional test bench for fuel cell hydrogen system
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