CN110620023A - Preparation method of 4D printing shape memory polymer composite fuse - Google Patents
Preparation method of 4D printing shape memory polymer composite fuse Download PDFInfo
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- CN110620023A CN110620023A CN201810629172.3A CN201810629172A CN110620023A CN 110620023 A CN110620023 A CN 110620023A CN 201810629172 A CN201810629172 A CN 201810629172A CN 110620023 A CN110620023 A CN 110620023A
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- fuse
- printing
- conductive
- shape memory
- split
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/124—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using layers of liquid which are selectively solidified
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/379—Handling of additively manufactured objects, e.g. using robots
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H69/00—Apparatus or processes for the manufacture of emergency protective devices
- H01H69/02—Manufacture of fuses
Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a 4D printing shape memory polymer composite fuse, belongs to the field of shape memory polymers and the field of conductive polymers, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a 4D printing shape memory polymer composite fuse. The problem of current fuse structure complicated, can not used repeatedly is solved. The shape memory polymer composite material is printed into a fuse split structure by using a 4D printing method, and the fuse split structure is formed by mutually lapping after being heated and deformed. It is mainly used for the protection of current overload and thermal overload protection in circuits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of shape memory polymers and the field of conductive polymers, and particularly relates to a preparation method of a 4D printing shape memory polymer composite fuse.
Background
The 4D printing is to print a three-dimensional object by using a programmable substance (usually an intelligent composite material) as a printing material and by means of 3D printing. The object is capable of self-transforming shape, physical properties (e.g., structure, form, volume, density, color, brightness, elasticity, stiffness, electrical conductivity, electromagnetic and optical properties, etc.), or function, etc. in response to a predetermined stimulus or stimulus (e.g., water, cooling or electricity, light, heat, pressure, etc.) over time. Compared with conventional manufacturing methods, 4D printing has many other important characteristics in addition to some of the main advantages of 3D printing.
Firstly, the design can be directly built in the printing material in a programming mode, so that the object is changed from one form to another form after being printed, better design freedom is provided for the object, and self-change and manufacture of the object are realized. Secondly, the method can preset a plurality of possible correction elements in the scheme of the printing material, so that the object is driven to realize self deformation or perfect and correct the object according to the idea of people after being printed and formed. Thirdly, the printed object has extremely simple shape, structure and function while the production and manufacturing process of the object is further simplified, and then the printed object is changed into the required complex shape, structure and function by external excitation or stimulation. Fourthly, the difficulty degree of the structures of the parts and the object is not so important during manufacturing, and the capabilities of driving, logic, perception and the like can be embedded in the parts, so that the object is deformed and assembled without arranging additional equipment, and the cost of manpower, material resources, time and the like is greatly reduced. Fifthly, the method can stimulate imagination of engineers and designers, design a plurality of multifunctional dynamic objects, and then perform substance programming to perform printing and manufacturing, thereby promoting the realization of a substance programming mode. Finally, it can overcome the space limitation of object production and manufacture through more effective programming design, and better realize the global digital manufacturing of diversified objects.
Fuses have found widespread use in various electrical circuits since the 20 th century of electrical grid popularity. When the current overload occurs in the circuit, the fuse will fuse due to the heat generated by the fuse, thereby protecting the circuit. The fuse includes a composite fuse, a low melting point fuse, a compound fuse, a self-healing fuse, and the like. However, the first three fuses can be used only once, and the fuse will blow after the circuit is overloaded, and then the circuit needs to be replaced by a new fuse. Although the self-resetting fuse can be used for many times, the working principle is that when the circuit is overloaded, the resistance of the fuse is suddenly increased for several sentences at high temperature, so that the resistance is increased, the current of the circuit is reduced, and the circuit can not be really disconnected. Therefore, there is a need for a fuse that can actually break the circuit when the current is overloaded and that can be reused. Meanwhile, the common fuse consists of a base, a fuse and a fusion tube, and the structural design is complex.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a 4D printing shape memory polymer composite fuse, aiming at solving the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a preparation method of a 4D printing shape memory polymer composite fuse comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly printing a split structure of a fuse according to a shape memory fuse model by using a 4D printing method for a shape memory polymer composite material, putting the printed split structure of the fuse into an oven for heating, overlapping the heated and deformed split structures of the fuse to form the fuse structure, then electrifying the overlapped fuse structure by using a constant current power supply, when the circuit current is greater than the load current of the fuse, enabling the fuse to be influenced by heat to reach fusing temperature, generating deformation due to the shape memory effect to cause the fuse to be disconnected, and finally reheating the disconnected split structures of the fuse and enabling the disconnected split structures of the fuse to be overlapped again to form the fuse structure.
Furthermore, the shape memory polymer composite material is polylactic acid and carbon nano tube composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polylactic acid and graphene composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polylactic acid and graphite composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polylactide-glycolide and graphene composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polymethyl methacrylate and graphite composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polycarbonate and graphite composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polyacrylate and graphite composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polybutylene succinate and graphite composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polycaprolactone and carbon nano tube composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polycaprolactone and graphene composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polycaprolactone and graphite composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polylactic acid and graphite composite conductive powder, polylactic acid and polylactic acid, polylactic acid and polylactic, Any one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and carbon nanotube composite conductive printing lines or conductive powder, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and graphene composite conductive printing lines or conductive powder, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and graphite composite conductive printing lines or conductive powder, polylactic acid and silver powder composite conductive printing lines or conductive powder, polylactic acid and polypyrrole composite conductive printing lines, conductive photosensitive resin and conductive resin.
Furthermore, the 4D printing comprises fused deposition 4D printing, photocuring three-dimensional forming 4D printing, selective laser sintering 4D printing, three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing and direct writing printing.
Furthermore, the fuse structure is a buckle type fuse structure and comprises two split structures, wherein one split structure is provided with a cylindrical jack, and the other split structure is provided with a spherical plug.
Furthermore, the fuse structure is a parallel fuse structure and comprises two split structures, wherein the two split structures are the same, one side of each split structure is provided with a groove, and the other side of each split structure is provided with a convex shoulder.
Furthermore, the fuse structure is a ball type fuse structure and comprises two split structures, wherein one split structure is provided with a hemispherical groove, and the other split structure is provided with a spherical plug.
Furthermore, the heating temperature of the oven is 25-350 ℃.
Furthermore, the fusing temperature of the fuse is 25-350 ℃.
Furthermore, the energizing voltage range of the fuse constant-current power supply is 10-400 v.
Furthermore, the fuse bears current of 0.01-0.2A.
The prepared shape memory polymer composite fuse is subjected to a power-on test, and the result shows that the fuse can well work under the condition that the current is lower than 0.01-0.2A. When the circuit current is larger than 0.01-0.2A, the fuse is deformed due to the shape memory effect under the electric heating condition, so that the fuse is disconnected. The circuit is again completed by reheating and re-splicing the fuses separated from each other to form the fuses.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the fuse can be used for a bent complex circuit, the common fuse needs a fuse holder to connect the fuse with the circuit, and a fuse tube is needed to protect an electric arc emitted by the fuse. The fuse prepared by the invention simplifies the structure of a common fuse, the fuse is directly installed on a circuit in a 4D printing mode without a base, and meanwhile, because the mode of protecting the circuit is the shape memory effect generated by the shape memory polymer under high voltage, no electric arc is generated, a fusion tube is not needed, the preparation cost is low, the preparation method is simple, large-scale repeatability is strong, the fuse is suitable for mass production, designability is realized, the preparation of various 4D printing shape memory fuses can be realized, the application range is wide, the types of materials used in the preparation process are few, an electric appliance can be protected to work under low current, the response speed is high, and the fuse can be repeatedly used.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a button fuse structure according to the present invention
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a parallel fuse structure according to the present invention
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a ball fuse structure according to the present invention
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a parallel fuse structure according to the present invention before lapping
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the parallel fuse structure of the present invention after lapping
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely explained below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5 to illustrate the present embodiment, a method for manufacturing a 4D printed shape memory polymer composite fuse includes: the method comprises the steps of firstly printing a split structure of a fuse according to a shape memory fuse model by using a 4D printing method for a shape memory polymer composite material, putting the printed split structure of the fuse into an oven for heating, overlapping the heated and deformed split structures of the fuse to form the fuse structure, then electrifying the overlapped fuse structure by using a constant current power supply, when the circuit current is greater than the load current of the fuse, enabling the fuse to be influenced by heat to reach fusing temperature, generating deformation due to the shape memory effect to cause the fuse to be disconnected, and finally reheating the disconnected split structures of the fuse and enabling the disconnected split structures of the fuse to be overlapped again to form the fuse structure.
Firstly, a polylactic acid and carbon nanotube composite conductive printing line is printed by a fused deposition 4D method, the pressing temperature of a feed rod is set to be 120 ℃, the pressing pressure is set to be 4.1Mpa, the extrusion temperature is set to be 185 ℃, the deposition temperature is set to be 130 ℃, the tip speed is set to be 0.4mm/s, and the split structure of the fuse is printed according to a set button fuse model; and then putting the printed fuse split structure into an oven at 80 ℃ for heating, and finally mutually lapping the heated and deformed fuse split structures to form a buckle type fuse structure. And electrifying the prepared 4D printing shape memory fuse, connecting the button fuse with a constant current power supply, setting the voltage to be 10-50v, when the current reaches 0.1A, generating shape change of the fuse due to the shape memory effect to disconnect the fuse, and re-lapping the separated fuses at the temperature of 80 ℃ to form the fuse again.
According to the method, the polylactic acid and graphene composite conductive printing line is used as the shape memory polymer composite material, and when the power-on voltage range of the constant current power supply is 10-100v and the current reaches 0.05A, the fuse is disconnected; the polylactic acid and graphite composite conductive printing line is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, and when the electrified voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-200v and the current reaches 0.03A, the fuse is disconnected; the composite conductive printing line of the poly (lactide-co-glycolide) and the graphene is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, and when the electrifying voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-50v and the current reaches 0.1A, the fuse is disconnected; the polymethyl methacrylate and graphite composite conductive printing line is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, and when the electrified voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-50v and the current reaches 0.1A, a fuse is disconnected; the polycarbonate and graphite composite conductive printing line is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, and when the electrified voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-50v and the current reaches 0.1A, the fuse is disconnected; the polyacrylate and graphite composite conductive printing line is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, the fuse structure is a parallel fuse structure, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-400v and the current reaches 0.01A, the fuse is disconnected; the poly (butylene succinate) and graphite composite conductive printing line is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, the fuse structure is a parallel fuse structure, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-300v and the current reaches 0.02A, the fuse is disconnected; the polycaprolactone and carbon nanotube composite conductive printing line is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, the fuse structure is a parallel fuse structure, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-200v and the current reaches 0.03A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the following steps of using a polycaprolactone and graphene composite conductive printing line as a shape memory polymer composite material, setting the pressing temperature of a feeding rod to be 90 ℃, the pressing pressure to be 4.2MPa, the extrusion temperature to be 155 ℃, the deposition temperature to be 95 ℃, the tip speed to be 0.6mm/s, setting the fuse structure to be a parallel fuse structure, setting the heating temperature of an oven to be 50 ℃, and disconnecting the fuse when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v and the current reaches 0.08A; the polyhexamethylene lactone and graphite composite conductive printing line is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, the pressing temperature of a feeding rod is set to be 120 ℃, the pressing pressure is set to be 4.3MPa, the extrusion temperature is set to be 185 ℃, the deposition temperature is set to be 146 ℃, the tip speed is set to be 0.6mm/s, the fuse structure is a parallel fuse structure, the heating temperature of an oven is set to be 90 ℃, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v, and the current reaches 0.1A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the following steps of using an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and carbon nano tube composite conductive printing line as a shape memory polymer composite material, setting the pressing temperature of a feed rod to be 185 ℃, the pressing pressure to be 4.4MPa, the extrusion temperature to be 260 ℃, the deposition temperature to be 185 ℃, the tip speed to be 0.6mm/s, setting the fuse structure to be a ball type fuse structure, setting the heating temperature of an oven to be 135 ℃, and disconnecting the fuse when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v and the current reaches 0.2A; the method comprises the steps that an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and graphene composite conductive printing line is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, the pressing temperature of a feeding rod is set to be 200 ℃, the pressing pressure is set to be 4.5MPa, the extrusion temperature is 265 ℃, the deposition temperature is 195 ℃, the tip speed is 0.3mm/s, the fuse structure is a ball type fuse structure, the heating temperature of an oven is 150 ℃, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v and the current reaches 0.25A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the following steps of using an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and graphite composite conductive printing line as a shape memory polymer composite material, setting the pressing temperature of a feed rod to be 150 ℃, the pressing pressure to be 4.0MPa, the extrusion temperature to be 215 ℃, the deposition temperature to be 145 ℃, the tip speed to be 0.3mm/s, setting the fuse structure to be a ball type fuse structure, setting the heating temperature of an oven to be 100 ℃, and disconnecting the fuse when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v and the current reaches 0.15A; the composite conductive printing line of polylactic acid and silver powder is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, the pressing temperature of a feed rod is set to be 70 ℃, the pressing pressure is set to be 3.9MPa, the extrusion temperature is 85 ℃, the deposition temperature is 65 ℃, the tip speed is 0.2mm/s, the fuse structure is a ball type fuse structure, the heating temperature of an oven is 50 ℃, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v and the current reaches 0.06A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the following steps of using a polylactic acid and polypyrrole composite conductive printing line as a shape memory polymer composite material, setting the pressing temperature of a feed rod to be 80 ℃, the pressing pressure to be 3.8MPa, the extrusion temperature to be 95 ℃, the deposition temperature to be 75 ℃, the tip speed to be 0.2mm/s, setting the fuse structure to be a ball type fuse structure, setting the heating temperature of an oven to be 60 ℃, and disconnecting the fuse when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v and the current reaches 0.07A; the method comprises the steps that polylactic acid and graphene composite conductive powder is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, a selective laser sintering 4D printing method and a three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing method are used, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v and the current reaches 0.05A, a fuse is disconnected; the polylactic acid and graphite composite conductive powder is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, a selective laser sintering 4D printing method and a three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing method are used, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-200v and the current reaches 0.03A, a fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the steps that the composite conductive powder of the poly (lactide-co-glycolide) and the graphene is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, a selective laser sintering 4D printing method and a three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing method are used, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-50v, and the current reaches 0.1A, a fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the steps that the polymethyl methacrylate and graphite composite conductive powder is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, a selective laser sintering 4D printing method and a three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing method are used, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-50v and the current reaches 0.1A, a fuse is disconnected; the polycarbonate and graphite composite conductive powder is used as a shape memory polymer composite material, a selective laser sintering 4D printing method and a three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing method are used, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-50v and the current reaches 0.1A, a fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the steps of using polyacrylate and graphite composite conductive powder as a shape memory polymer composite material, using a selective laser sintering 4D printing method and a three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing method, wherein the fuse structure is a parallel fuse structure, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-400v and the current reaches 0.01A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the steps of using polybutylene succinate and graphite composite conductive powder as a shape memory polymer composite material, and using a method of selective laser sintering 4D printing and three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing, wherein the fuse structure is a parallel fuse structure, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-300v and the current reaches 0.02A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the steps of using polycaprolactone and carbon nanotube composite conductive powder as a shape memory polymer composite material, and using a method of selective laser sintering 4D printing and three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing, wherein the fuse structure is a parallel fuse structure, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-200v and the current reaches 0.03A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the steps of using polycaprolactone and graphene composite conductive powder as a shape memory polymer composite material, and using a method of selective laser sintering 4D printing and three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing, wherein the fuse structure is a parallel fuse structure, the heating temperature of an oven is 25 ℃, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v and the current reaches 0.08A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the steps of using polyhexamethylene lactone and graphite composite conductive powder as a shape memory polymer composite material, and using a method of selective laser sintering 4D printing and three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing, wherein the fuse structure is a parallel fuse structure, the heating temperature of an oven is 90 ℃, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v, and the current reaches 0.1A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the steps of using ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and carbon nano tube composite conductive powder as a shape memory polymer composite material, and using a selective laser sintering 4D printing and three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing method, wherein the fuse structure is a ball type fuse structure, the heating temperature of an oven is 135 ℃, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v, and the current reaches 0.2A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the steps of using ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and graphene composite conductive powder as a shape memory polymer composite material, and using a selective laser sintering 4D printing and three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing method, wherein the fuse structure is a ball type fuse structure, the heating temperature of an oven is 150 ℃, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v, and the current reaches 0.25A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the steps of using ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and graphite composite conductive powder as a shape memory polymer composite material, and using a method of selective laser sintering 4D printing and three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing, wherein the fuse structure is a ball type fuse structure, the heating temperature of an oven is 100 ℃, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v, and the current reaches 0.15A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the steps of using polylactic acid and silver powder composite conductive powder as a shape memory polymer composite material, and using a method of selective laser sintering 4D printing and three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing, wherein the fuse structure is a ball type fuse structure, the heating temperature of an oven is 50 ℃, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v and the current reaches 0.06A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the steps of using polylactic acid and polypyrrole composite conductive powder as a shape memory polymer composite material, and using a method of selective laser sintering 4D printing and three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing, wherein the fuse structure is a ball type fuse structure, the heating temperature of an oven is 60 ℃, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v and the current reaches 0.07A, the fuse is disconnected; the method comprises the steps of using conductive photosensitive resin as a shape memory polymer composite material, and using a photocuring three-dimensional forming 4D printing method, wherein the fuse structure is a ball type fuse structure, the heating temperature of an oven is 60 ℃, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v, and the current reaches 0.2A, the fuse is disconnected; the conductive resin is used as the shape memory polymer composite material, a direct writing printing method is used, the fuse structure is a ball type fuse structure, the heating temperature of an oven is 60 ℃, and when the energizing voltage range of a constant current power supply is 10-100v and the current reaches 0.1A, the fuse is disconnected.
The button fuse structure comprises two split structures, wherein one split structure is provided with a cylindrical jack, the other split structure is provided with a spherical plug, the printed fuse split structure is placed into an oven to be heated, and the heated and deformed fuse split structure is mutually lapped with the plug through the jack to form the button fuse structure; the parallel fuse structure comprises two split structures, wherein the two split structures are the same, one side of each split structure is provided with a groove, the other side of each split structure is provided with a convex shoulder, the printed fuse split structures are placed into an oven to be heated, and the heated and deformed fuse split structures are mutually lapped through the grooves and the convex shoulders to form the parallel fuse structure; the ball type fuse structure comprises two split structures, wherein one split structure is provided with a hemispherical groove, the other split structure is provided with a spherical structure plug, the printed fuse split structure is placed into a drying oven to be heated, and the heated and deformed fuse split structure is overlapped with the spherical structure plug through the hemispherical groove to form the ball type fuse structure.
The preparation method of the 4D printed shape memory polymer composite fuse provided by the invention is described in detail, and the principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the examples is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a 4D printing shape memory polymer composite fuse comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of firstly printing a split structure of a fuse according to a shape memory fuse model by using a 4D printing method for a shape memory polymer composite material, putting the printed split structure of the fuse into an oven for heating, overlapping the heated and deformed split structures of the fuse to form the fuse structure, then electrifying the overlapped fuse structure by using a constant current power supply, when the circuit current is greater than the load current of the fuse, enabling the fuse to be influenced by heat to reach fusing temperature, generating deformation due to the shape memory effect to cause the fuse to be disconnected, and finally reheating the disconnected split structures of the fuse and enabling the disconnected split structures of the fuse to be overlapped again to form the fuse structure.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the shape memory polymer composite material is polylactic acid and carbon nano tube composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polylactic acid and graphene composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polylactic acid and graphite composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polylactide-glycolide and graphene composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polymethyl methacrylate and graphite composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polycarbonate and graphite composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polyacrylate and graphite composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polybutylene succinate and graphite composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polycaprolactone and carbon nano tube composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polycaprolactone and graphene composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polycaprolactone and graphite composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and carbon nano tube composite conductive printing line or conductive powder, polylactic acid and graphene composite conductive powder, polylactic acid and polylactic acid, Any one of ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and graphene composite conductive printing lines or conductive powder, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer and graphite composite conductive printing lines or conductive powder, polylactic acid and silver powder composite conductive printing lines or conductive powder, polylactic acid and polypyrrole composite conductive printing lines, conductive photosensitive resin and conductive resin.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the 4D printing comprises fused deposition 4D printing, photocuring three-dimensional forming 4D printing, selective laser sintering 4D printing, three-dimensional powder bonding 4D printing and direct writing printing.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the fuse structure is a buckle type fuse structure and comprises two split structures, one split structure is provided with a cylindrical jack, and the other split structure is provided with a spherical plug.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the fuse structure is a parallel fuse structure and comprises two split structures, the two split structures are the same, one side of each split structure is provided with a groove, and the other side of each split structure is provided with a convex shoulder.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the fuse structure is a ball type fuse structure and comprises two split structures, wherein one split structure is provided with a hemispherical groove, and the other split structure is provided with a spherical plug.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the heating temperature of the oven is 25-350 ℃.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the fusing temperature of the fuse is 25-350 ℃.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the energizing voltage range of the fuse constant-current power supply is 10-400 v.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of: the fuse bears current of 0.01-0.2A.
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| CN201810629172.3A CN110620023B (en) | 2018-06-19 | 2018-06-19 | Preparation method of 4D printing shape memory polymer composite fuse |
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| US20060038643A1 (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2006-02-23 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Stressed material and shape memory material MEMS devices and methods for manufacturing |
| CN205428817U (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-08-03 | 浙江莱曼电器有限公司 | Fuse type disconnecting switch |
| CN105602213B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2017-09-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of preparation of shape memory Micron-nano composites and its application in 4D printings |
| CN107803983A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method and application method for the compound 4D print wires of shape-memory polymer of fusion sediment printing |
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| US20060038643A1 (en) * | 2004-08-20 | 2006-02-23 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Stressed material and shape memory material MEMS devices and methods for manufacturing |
| CN105602213B (en) * | 2015-12-29 | 2017-09-12 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of preparation of shape memory Micron-nano composites and its application in 4D printings |
| CN205428817U (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-08-03 | 浙江莱曼电器有限公司 | Fuse type disconnecting switch |
| CN107803983A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-03-16 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Preparation method and application method for the compound 4D print wires of shape-memory polymer of fusion sediment printing |
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