CN110616077A - Method and device for preparing high-yield coke by combined baking-carbonization - Google Patents
Method and device for preparing high-yield coke by combined baking-carbonization Download PDFInfo
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- CN110616077A CN110616077A CN201910993470.5A CN201910993470A CN110616077A CN 110616077 A CN110616077 A CN 110616077A CN 201910993470 A CN201910993470 A CN 201910993470A CN 110616077 A CN110616077 A CN 110616077A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/141—Feedstock
- Y02P20/145—Feedstock the feedstock being materials of biological origin
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for preparing high-yield coke by combined baking-carbonization, biomass enters a paddle type baking reactor through a feeder to be baked, and the baked biomass is fed into a carbonization furnace to be pyrolyzed and carbonized, so that the high-yield coke is obtained; and further finishing the combustion process of the volatile obtained by pyrolysis and carbonization in the combustion chamber, and using the high-temperature flue gas after combustion as a heat source for heating molten salt. The invention fully utilizes the heat generated after the combustion of volatile components generated by the pyrolysis and carbonization of biomass to heat the molten salt, and the whole system does not need external heat supply; the biomass is heated and baked by using the molten salt, the baking temperature can be accurately controlled, and the pyrolysis carbonization temperature can be accurately controlled by using high-temperature flue gas to contact the biomass for pyrolysis carbonization reaction; the baking pretreatment promotes the biomass to generate crosslinking and carbonization reactions, so that the yield of the coke subjected to subsequent pyrolysis and carbonization is obviously improved, and the sustainable utilization of resources, energy and environment is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method and a device for preparing high-yield coke by combined baking and carbonization, in particular to the field of coke preparation.
Background
The biomass refers to all plants, microorganisms, animals taking the plants and the microorganisms as food and waste produced by the animals, has the advantages of high volatile content, low sulfur and nitrogen content and the like, and is the only carbon-containing energy which can replace fossil energy and convert the fossil energy into gas, liquid and solid. At present, resource utilization of biomass is mainly thermochemical conversion, and mainly comprises four major types of direct combustion, gasification, pyrolysis and liquefaction. The biomass raw material contains higher alkali metal and chlorine elements, so that the problems of high-temperature corrosion of a heating surface, dust deposition, slag bonding and the like can be caused in the combustion process, and the service life of the boiler is shortened; a large amount of tar is generated in the gasification process, so that the gasification device is easy to corrode and block, and the utilization efficiency of gasified gas is influenced; the reaction mechanism of biomass liquefaction is not enough to be researched at present, and a period of time is required for industrial application; the biomass pyrolysis technology is a process of cracking macromolecules in reactants into micromolecules under the condition of no oxygen or oxygen deficiency, and can convert organic matters in biomass into energy mainly comprising fuel gas, fuel oil and coke. Meanwhile, most of harmful components in the biomass can be fixed in the coke, so that the method has wide market prospect.
However, the yield of coke in the existing coke preparation method is relatively low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the prior art, the method and the device for preparing the high-yield coke by combined baking and carbonization are provided, the high-yield coke can be prepared systematically, and the emission of harmful gases is reduced.
A method for preparing high-yield coke by combined baking and carbonization, which comprises the following steps: feeding the biomass into a paddle type baking reactor for baking, wherein the baking temperature is 250-300 ℃, the baking temperature is heated by adopting molten salt, the baking temperature can be accurately controlled, and the volatile matters generated by baking enter a temperature control system to be mixed with flue gas; feeding the baked biomass into a carbonization furnace for pyrolysis carbonization reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 650-700 ℃, the high-temperature flue gas contact heating is adopted, the pyrolysis carbonization temperature can be accurately controlled, the solid product obtained by pyrolysis carbonization is collected, and the baking pretreatment promotes the biomass to generate crosslinking and carbonization reaction, so that the yield of the coke for subsequent pyrolysis carbonization is obviously improved; the generated gas products are sent to a combustion chamber for combustion, one part of the high-temperature flue gas after combustion supplies heat to a boiler through a three-way valve, and the other part of the high-temperature flue gas enters a heat exchanger to exchange heat with molten salt, so that the temperature of the molten salt is 300-350 ℃; and (3) enabling the flue gas from the heat exchanger to enter a gas mixing device, mixing the flue gas with the volatile components generated by baking, and then enabling the flue gas to enter a carbonization furnace again to participate in reaction, wherein the temperature of the mixed gas is controlled to be 700-750 ℃.
Further, utilize the fused salt to bake the biomass heating, through control fused salt velocity of flow and entry fused salt temperature, the control that can be accurate cures the temperature, utilizes high temperature flue gas contact living beings to carry out the pyrolysis carbonization reaction, cures gas through mixing high temperature flue gas and low temperature, can accurate control pyrolysis carbonization temperature.
The utility model provides a device of combined baking-carbonization preparation high yield coke, includes feed bin, first screw feeder, paddle formula baking reactor, second screw feeder, first airlock, carbide furnace, spiral slag extractor, cold sediment machine, second airlock, circulating fan, combustion chamber, fan, three-way valve, shell and tube type heat exchanger, flowmeter, thermometer gas mixing arrangement, molten salt pump.
The discharge gate of feed bin is connected to the entry of paddle formula baking reactor through first screw feeder, and first air lock ware is connected through second screw feeder in the export of paddle formula baking reactor, and first air lock ware is connected to the entry of carbide furnace, and the exit linkage spiral slag extractor of carbide furnace, cold sediment machine is connected to spiral slag extractor, cold sediment machine connection second air lock ware, then obtains the living beings coke.
A volatile gas outlet of the carbonization furnace is connected to an air inlet of the combustion chamber through a circulating fan; the air outlet of the combustion chamber is connected with a three-way valve; a first outlet of the three-way valve goes to the boiler through the fan; a second outlet of the three-way valve is connected with an air inlet of the heat exchanger, an air outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with a flowmeter, the flowmeter is connected with a thermometer, and the thermometer is connected with an air inlet of the gas mixing device; the paddle type baking reactor volatile gas outlet is connected with a flowmeter, the flowmeter is connected with a thermometer, the thermometer is connected with the gas inlet of a gas mixing device, and the gas outlet of the gas mixing device is connected with the gas inlet of a carbonization furnace.
The fused salt outlet of the paddle type baking reactor is connected with a flow meter through a fused salt pump, the flow meter is connected with a thermometer, the thermometer is connected with the inlet of the heat exchanger, the outlet of the heat exchanger is connected with the flow meter, the flow meter is connected with the thermometer, and the thermometer is connected with the fused salt inlet of the paddle type baking reactor.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages: the method and the device for preparing the high-yield coke by combined baking and carbonization obtain a high-yield coke product, provide a new way for biomass resource utilization, and particularly (1) fully utilize the heat generated by combustion of volatile components generated by pyrolysis and carbonization of biomass to heat molten salt, so that the whole system does not need external heat supply; (2) the biomass is heated and baked by using the molten salt, the baking temperature can be accurately controlled, and the pyrolysis carbonization temperature can be accurately controlled by using high-temperature flue gas to contact the biomass for pyrolysis carbonization reaction; (3) the baking pretreatment promotes the biomass to generate crosslinking and carbonization reactions, so that the yield of the coke subjected to subsequent pyrolysis and carbonization is obviously improved, and the sustainable utilization of resources, energy and environment is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a method and apparatus for producing high-yield coke by combined roasting-carbonization according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to the drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, an apparatus for preparing high-yield coke by combined roasting-carbonization comprises a storage bin 1, a first screw feeder 2, a paddle type roasting reactor 4, a second screw feeder 6, a first air locker 7, a carbonization furnace 9, a spiral slag extractor 11, a slag cooler 12, a second air locker 13, a circulating fan 15, a combustion chamber 17, a fan 18, a three-way valve 21, a shell-and-tube heat exchanger 24, a flow meter 26, a thermometer 27, a gas mixing device 29 and a molten salt pump 37.
The discharge gate of feed bin 1 is connected to the entry 3 of paddle formula baking reactor 4 through first screw feeder 2, and first air locker 7 is connected through second screw feeder 6 to the export 5 of paddle formula baking reactor 4, and first air locker 7 is connected to the entry 8 of carbide furnace 9, and spiral slag extractor 11 is connected to the export 10 of carbide furnace 9, and cold sediment machine 12 is connected to spiral slag extractor 11, and cold sediment machine 12 is connected second air locker 13, then obtains the biomass coke.
A volatile gas outlet 14 of the carbonization furnace 9 is connected to an air inlet 16 of a combustion chamber 17 through a circulating fan 15; the blower 18 is connected to an intake port 19 of the combustion chamber 17; an air outlet 20 of the combustion chamber 17 is connected with a three-way valve 21; a first outlet of the three-way valve 21 goes to the boiler through a fan 22; a second outlet of the three-way valve 21 is connected with an air inlet 23 of a heat exchanger 24, an air outlet 25 of the heat exchanger 24 is connected with a flowmeter 26, the flowmeter 24 is connected with a thermometer 25, the thermometer 25 is connected with an air inlet 26 of a gas mixing device 27, the flowmeter 26 is connected with the thermometer 27, and the thermometer 27 is connected with an air inlet 28 of a gas mixing device 29; the gas outlet 30 of the volatile component of the paddle baking reactor 4 is connected with a flow meter 31, the flow meter 31 is connected with a thermometer 32, the thermometer 32 is connected with a gas inlet 33 of a gas mixing device 29, and a gas outlet 34 of the gas mixing device 29 is connected with a gas inlet 35 of the carbonization furnace 9.
The outlet 36 of the paddle baking reactor 4 is connected with a flow meter 38 through a molten salt pump 37, the flow meter 38 is connected with a thermometer 39, the thermometer 39 is connected with an inlet 40 of the heat exchanger 24, an outlet 41 of the heat exchanger 24 is connected with a flow meter 42, the flow meter 42 is connected with a thermometer 43, and the thermometer 43 is connected with a molten salt inlet 44 of the paddle baking reactor 4.
The flow meters 24 and 29 and the temperature meters 25 and 30 are used for adjusting the temperature of the gas entering the carbonization furnace 9, so that the pyrolysis carbonization temperature can be accurately controlled; the flow meters 36, 40 and the temperature meters 37, 41 are used to regulate the molten salt temperature, allowing precise control of the torrefaction temperature.
The method for preparing the high-yield coke by combined baking and carbonization based on the device comprises the following specific steps: the biomass raw material in the bin 1 enters a paddle type baking reactor 4 through a first screw feeder 2 for baking at the temperature of 250-300 ℃, and gas generated by baking enters a gas mixing device 27; the solid coke generated by baking enters a carbonization furnace 9 through a second screw feeder 6 and a first gas locker 7 for pyrolysis carbonization reaction, and the reaction temperature is 650-700 ℃; the coke generated by carbonization is discharged through a spiral slag extractor 11, a slag cooler 12 and a second air locker 13 respectively.
The volatile matter of biomass pyrolysis carbonization enters a combustion chamber 17 through a circulating fan 15 to be combusted, the temperature of flue gas generated by combustion is about 900 ℃, one part of high-temperature flue gas enters a boiler through a three-way valve and the fan to be heated, the other part of high-temperature flue gas exchanges heat with molten salt discharged from a paddle type baking reactor 4 in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger 24, and the outflow temperature of the molten salt is accurately controlled to be 300-350 ℃ through regulation and control of flow meters 38 and 42 and thermometers 39 and 43.
The high-temperature gas from the heat exchanger 24 and the low-temperature gas from the paddle baking reactor 4 are mixed in the gas mixing device 29, and the temperature of the mixed gas from the gas mixing device 29 is accurately controlled to 700-750 ℃ through the adjustment of the flow meters 26 and 31 and the thermometers 27 and 32.
According to the method for preparing the high-yield coke by combined baking and carbonization, excessive oxygen elements in the biomass are effectively removed through baking pretreatment, the biomass is promoted to generate crosslinking and carbonization reactions, and the yield of the coke subjected to subsequent pyrolysis and carbonization is obviously improved; the heat generated by combustion of volatile components generated by pyrolysis and carbonization of biomass is fully utilized to heat molten salt, external heat supply is not needed in the whole system, and meanwhile, redundant flue gas can be sent into a boiler to provide a heat source for the boiler; utilize the fused salt to heat and bake the biomass, control that can be accurate cures the temperature, utilizes high temperature flue gas contact biomass to carry out pyrolysis carbonization reaction, can accurate control pyrolysis carbonization temperature.
A comparison table that specifically compares the profitability of the coke when the method of the present invention is used and when no torrefaction is employed is as follows:
in order to obtain high-yield and high-quality coke, a baking pretreatment of biomass is a solution. Baking refers to a slow pyrolysis process with a reaction temperature between 200 ℃ and 300 ℃ under the condition of normal pressure and oxygen isolation. The process can make the biomass easy to grind, and can effectively improve the fluidity of the powder to realize stable and continuous conveying. In addition, excessive oxygen elements in the biomass can be effectively removed, the energy density of the biomass is improved, and the cost of transportation and storage of the biomass is reduced; meanwhile, the biomass is promoted to generate crosslinking and carbonization reactions by baking pretreatment, so that the yield of the coke subjected to subsequent pyrolysis and carbonization is obviously improved.
Claims (3)
1. A method for preparing high-yield coke by combined baking and carbonization is characterized by comprising the following steps: feeding the biomass into a paddle type baking reactor for baking, wherein the baking temperature is 250-300 ℃, the baking temperature is heated by adopting molten salt, the baking temperature can be accurately controlled, and the volatile matters generated by baking enter a temperature control system to be mixed with flue gas; feeding the baked biomass into a carbonization furnace for pyrolysis carbonization reaction, wherein the reaction temperature is 650-700 ℃, the pyrolysis carbonization temperature can be accurately controlled by adopting high-temperature flue gas contact heating, and collecting a solid product obtained by pyrolysis carbonization; the generated gas products are sent to a combustion chamber for combustion, one part of the high-temperature flue gas after combustion supplies heat to a boiler through a three-way valve, and the other part of the high-temperature flue gas enters a heat exchanger to exchange heat with molten salt, so that the temperature of the molten salt is 300-350 ℃; and (3) enabling the flue gas from the heat exchanger to enter a gas mixing device, mixing the flue gas with the volatile components generated by baking, and then enabling the flue gas to enter a carbonization furnace again to participate in reaction, wherein the temperature of the mixed gas is controlled to be 700-750 ℃.
2. The method of producing high-yield coke by combined torrefaction and carbonization according to claim 1, wherein: utilize the fused salt to bake the biomass heating, through control fused salt velocity of flow and entry fused salt temperature, the temperature is baked in control that can be accurate, utilizes high temperature flue gas contact living beings to carry out the pyrolysis carbonization reaction, cures gas through mixing high temperature flue gas and low temperature, can accurate control pyrolysis carbonization temperature.
3. The utility model provides a device of combined baking-carbonization preparation high yield coke which characterized in that: the device comprises a storage bin (1), a first screw feeder (2), a paddle type baking reactor (4), a second screw feeder (6), a first air lock (7), a carbonization furnace (9), a spiral slag extractor (11), a slag cooler (12), a second air lock (13), a circulating fan (15), a combustion chamber (17), a fan (18), a three-way valve (21), a shell-and-tube heat exchanger (24), a flowmeter (26), a thermometer (27), a gas mixing device (29) and a molten salt pump (37);
a discharge port of the bin (1) is connected to an inlet (3) of the paddle type baking reactor (4) through a first screw feeder (2), an outlet (5) of the paddle type baking reactor (4) is connected with a first air locker (7) through a second screw feeder (6), the first air locker (7) is connected to an inlet (8) of the carbonization furnace (9), an outlet (10) of the carbonization furnace (9) is connected with a spiral slag extractor (11), the spiral slag extractor (11) is connected with a slag cooler (12), and the slag cooler (12) is connected with a second air locker (13), so that biomass coke is obtained;
the volatile gas outlet (14) of the carbonization furnace (9) is connected to the gas inlet (16) of the combustion chamber (17) through a circulating fan (15); the blower (18) is connected to an air inlet (19) of the combustion chamber (17); an air outlet (20) of the combustion chamber (17) is connected with a three-way valve (21); a first outlet of the three-way valve (21) goes to a boiler through a fan (22); a second outlet of the three-way valve (21) is connected with an air inlet (23) of a heat exchanger (24), an air outlet (25) of the heat exchanger (24) is connected with a flowmeter (26), the flowmeter (26) is connected with a thermometer (27), and the thermometer (27) is connected with an air inlet (28) of a gas mixing device (29); a volatile gas outlet (30) of the paddle type baking reactor (4) is connected with a flow meter (31), the flow meter (31) is connected with a thermometer (32), the thermometer (32) is connected with a gas inlet (33) of a gas mixing device (29), and a gas outlet (34) of the gas mixing device (29) is connected with a gas inlet (35) of a carbonization furnace (9);
the molten salt outlet (36) of the paddle type baking reactor (4) is connected with a flow meter (38) through a molten salt pump (37), the flow meter (38) is connected with a thermometer (39), the thermometer (39) is connected with an inlet (40) of a heat exchanger (24), an outlet (41) of the heat exchanger (24) is connected with a flow meter (42), the flow meter (42) is connected with a thermometer (43), and the thermometer (43) is connected with a molten salt inlet (44) of the paddle type baking reactor (4).
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| CN115215338A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-10-21 | 西安交通大学 | Process system and method for preparing porous carbon through carbonization and activation of biomass tar |
| CN115466631A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-13 | 南京理工大学 | Method and device for biomass baking coupled sludge hydrothermal cooperative co-gasification |
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